CN104979108A - Operating mechanism and locomotive using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an operating mechanism and a locomotive using the operating mechanism. The magnet of the operating mechanism is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is used to act on the piston through the independent permanent magnetic force or the resultant force of the permanent magnetic force and the air pressure in the opening chamber when the switch is in place, so that the piston is kept close to the main cylinder. on the closing end. In this way, after the operating mechanism is in place, the permanent magnet will act on the piston through the permanent magnetic force alone or the resultant force of the permanent magnetic force and the air pressure in the opening chamber, so that the operating rod is kept in the closing state driven by the piston. Compared with the structure in the prior art that requires the electromagnetic force raised by the electromagnet to keep the operating lever in the closed state, the operating mechanism in the present invention does not need to rely on the electromagnet when it is in the closed state, thereby avoiding The problem of unstable closing holding force and easy burnout of the electromagnetic coil caused by the continuous power supply of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet makes the closing state of the operating mechanism stable.

Description

An operating mechanism and a locomotive using the operating mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to an operating mechanism and a locomotive using the operating mechanism.

Background technique

At present, the operating mechanisms used in high-voltage switches and related fields are mostly spring operating mechanisms and permanent magnet operating mechanisms, but spring operating mechanisms have complex structures, many potential failure points, and low mechanical life, so it is difficult to meet the requirements of long life; permanent magnet operation The structure of the mechanism is simple and the mechanical life is long. However, the permanent magnet operating mechanism needs a large-capacity power supply when it operates. The moving mechanism has certain limitations in the process of use. In locomotive on-board equipment and other special occasions, the operating mechanism is required to have a long life and a small power supply capacity, so the pneumatic operating mechanism is the best choice. The pneumatic mechanism has the advantages of long mechanical life, simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, rich gas resources, and no pollution. and other advantages, but the pneumatic operating mechanism also has the disadvantages of poor load characteristics, difficult to increase the closing speed, and the solenoid valve coil is easily heated and damaged for a long time. Therefore, the traditional pneumatic operating mechanism cannot meet the needs of locomotive on-board equipment and other special occasions. Requirements for medium and heavy load operation.

Chinese patent document CN 2743953Y (announcement date is November 30, 2005) discloses "a control mechanism for an electric switch", which includes a transmission cylinder, a magnet, a piston, an operating rod, a opening spring, an inner iron core, an outer The iron core and the mounting plate, in which the upper end of the transmission cylinder is threaded to the outer iron core, and the lower end is provided with an air inlet, and the inner iron core and the piston are placed in the main cylinder composed of the transmission cylinder, the outer iron core and the mounting plate from top to bottom , the inner iron core, the piston and the mounting plate are provided with a coaxial axial through hole, the opening spring is set on the operating rod, and the bottom of the piston passes through the piston and the inner iron core in turn, and then extends out of the mounting plate, and the operating rod The moving rod is fixedly connected with the piston; the magnet is composed of an electromagnet and a permanent magnet fixed between the inner and outer iron cores, and the permanent magnet is above the electromagnet. When the switch is closed, the external compressed air pushes the piston and the operating rod to rise together; when the switch is in place, the two inner and outer upper ring end faces of the piston fit with the lower ring end faces of the inner and outer iron cores, so that the magnet and the outer iron core The core, the piston and the inner iron core form a closed magnetic circuit. The magnetic fields generated by the electromagnet and the permanent magnet in the magnet are superimposed on each other. , the electromagnet is de-energized, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is smaller than the elastic force of the opening spring, and the opening spring can push the operating rod to move down together with the piston, so that the inner and outer ends of the piston and the lower end faces of the inner and outer iron cores share force , so that the original closed magnetic circuit is disconnected, the reluctance increases, and the attraction force of the permanent magnet is also rapidly attenuated, so that the opening spring can push the operating rod and the piston to move down quickly to complete the opening action. However, in the closing and holding state, the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet in the operating mechanism needs to be continuously charged to ensure sufficient electromagnetic attraction between the magnet and the piston, and because the electromagnetic coil is inside the outer iron core, the outer iron core will hinder The heat dissipation of the electromagnetic coil, so the heat generation of the continuously charged electromagnetic coil will be larger, which will not only make the magnetism of the electromagnet unstable, but also shorten the service life of the electromagnetic coil when the electromagnetic coil continues to generate heat and cannot dissipate heat in time , or even burned out, so the operating mechanism that uses the electromagnet and permanent magnet to maintain the closed state is prone to unstable closing force during use, resulting in reduced reliability and stability of closing .

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an operating mechanism that maintains a stable state when the brake is closed, and at the same time, the present invention also provides a locomotive using the operating mechanism.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the operating mechanism in the present invention is as follows:

The operating mechanism includes the main cylinder and the piston assembled in the axial direction. The piston is used to drive the operating rod to move along the axial direction of the main cylinder to perform opening and closing actions. The inner chamber of the main cylinder is controlled by the piston. It is divided into a closing chamber compressed by the piston when closing the brake and an opening chamber compressed by the piston when opening the brake. The wall of the opening chamber is provided with an opening side gas port for charging and discharging the gas in the opening chamber, and A magnet is installed between the main cylinder and the piston. The magnet and the cylinder wall of the main cylinder, the closing end of the main cylinder, and the piston are in a closing magnetic circuit that is closed when the closing is in place and disconnected during the opening process. Among them, the magnet is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is used to act on the piston through the independent permanent magnetic force or the resultant force of the permanent magnetic force and the air pressure in the opening chamber when the switch is in place, so that the piston is kept close to the main cylinder. on the closing end.

The permanent magnet is fixed on the inner wall of the main cylinder, and the two ends of the permanent magnet and the main cylinder are arranged at intervals in the axial direction.

The piston is always connected magnetically to the permanent magnet directly or indirectly through the magnetically conductive part.

The permanent magnet is located between the closing end of the main cylinder and the piston, the permanent magnet is blocked on the side of the piston facing the closing end, and the side of the piston facing the closing end is protruded from the permanent magnet to the closing end. Closing projection that passes through on one side to contact the closing end when the closing is in place.

The opening end of the main cylinder is the magnetic conduction end in the same opening magnetic circuit with the piston, permanent magnet and the cylinder wall of the main cylinder when the opening is in place. The piston is disengaged from the opening end and disconnected.

On the wall of the closing chamber, there is an air port on the closing side for charging and discharging the gas in the opening chamber. The pressure piston disengages from the closing end and moves toward the opening end.

The main cylinder is connected with an opening electromagnet for generating a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet when energized to counteract the permanent magnetic force of the permanent magnet acting between the closing end and the piston, so that the piston can be separated from the closing end .

The piston is connected with a repulsive force mechanism for pushing the piston to move towards the opening end of the main cylinder, so that the piston drives the operating rod to start opening the brake.

The repulsive force mechanism includes a transmission part fixedly connected with the piston and a repulsive force electromagnetic coil for pushing or attracting the transmission part to move to the opening end.

The technical scheme of locomotive among the present invention is as follows:

The locomotive includes the main body of the locomotive and the operating mechanism assembled on it. The operating mechanism includes the main cylinder and the piston assembled in the axial direction. Closing action, the inner chamber of the main cylinder is divided by the piston into the closing chamber compressed by the piston when closing the brake, and the opening chamber compressed by the piston when opening the brake. The opening side air port for gas charging and discharging in the gate cavity, and a magnet is installed between the main cylinder and the piston. The magnet is closed with the cylinder wall of the main cylinder, the closing end of the main cylinder, and the piston when the closing is in place. . In the closing magnetic circuit that is disconnected during the opening process, the magnet is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is used for closing in place through a separate permanent magnetic force or through the resultant force of the permanent magnetic force and the air pressure in the opening cavity. on the piston so that the piston remains tightly attached to the closing end of the master cylinder.

The magnet of the operating mechanism in the present invention is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is used to act on the piston through a separate permanent magnetic force or through the resultant force of the permanent magnetic force and the air pressure in the opening cavity when the switch is in place, so that the piston is kept close to it. On the closing end of the main cylinder. In this way, after the operating mechanism is in place, the permanent magnet will act on the piston through the permanent magnetic force alone or the resultant force of the permanent magnetic force and the air pressure in the opening chamber, so that the operating rod is kept in the closing state driven by the piston. Compared with the structure in the prior art that requires the electromagnetic force raised by the electromagnet to keep the operating lever in the closed state, the operating mechanism in the present invention does not need to rely on the electromagnet when it is in the closed state, thereby avoiding The problem of unstable closing holding force and easy burnout of the electromagnetic coil caused by the continuous power supply of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet makes the closing state of the operating mechanism stable and improves the reliability and stability of the locomotive operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of operating mechanism in embodiment 1 of locomotive of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic structural view of the operating mechanism in embodiment 2 of the locomotive of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic structural view of the operating mechanism in embodiment 3 of the locomotive of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic structural view of the operating mechanism in embodiment 4 of the locomotive of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the operating mechanism in Embodiment 5 of the locomotive of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1 of the locomotive in the present invention: as shown in Figure 1, the locomotive includes a locomotive and an operating mechanism assembled on it. The operating mechanism belongs to the field of high-voltage switches, and can not only be applied to the on-board switch control on the locomotive, but also can be applied to In other operating systems on the car. The operating mechanism includes a cylinder body 104, an upper end cover 103 and a lower end cover 109 fixedly connected to a main cylinder body, the main cylinder body extends along the opening and closing direction, and a piston 108 is installed in the cylinder body 104 to move up and down. The up and down direction is also the opening and closing direction set by the operating mechanism. The piston 108 divides the inner cavity of the main cylinder into an upper closing chamber and a lower opening chamber. At the closing end, the lower end cover 109 is at the opening end of the cylinder body 104 . On the lower end cover 109, there is an opening side air port 191 connected between the outside world and the opening chamber. The opening side air port 191 can control the filling and discharging of gas in the opening chamber. The outer port of the opening side air port 191 is at the lower end. On the outer peripheral surface of the cover 109, the inner port of the opening side air port 191 is located on the upper end surface of the lower end cover 109, that is, the inner port of the opening side air port 191 is arranged toward the lower end surface of the piston 108, and is located on the opening of the opening side air port 191. The outer port is connected with a solenoid valve to control its on-off. Both the lower end cover 109 and the upper end surface are in sealing fit with the cylinder body 104 to ensure the sealing of the inner chamber of the main cylinder body. The upper end of the piston 108 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft 102, and the upper end of the output shaft 102 is perforated from the guide hole provided in the center of the upper end cover 103. 102 The part that passes through from guide perforation both can directly be used as the operating lever of whole operating mechanism, also can be fixedly connected on the operating lever of operating mechanism. The outer circumference of the output shaft 102 is fixed with a moving iron core 107 that can move along with the output shaft 102 along the set opening and closing direction. The moving iron core 107 is located between the upper end cover 103 and the piston 108. The moving iron core 107 and the output On the upper end of the piston 108, the shaft 102 forms an upwardly protruding closing projection. A magnetic sleeve 106 between the upper end cover 103 and the piston 108 is also fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 104. A permanent magnet is fixed on the outer circumference of the magnetic sleeve 106, and the inner wall is guided and matched with the moving iron core 107 along the up and down direction. Both the permanent magnet and the magnetic sleeve 106 are spaced apart from the upper end cover 103 . The part protruding from the upper end cover 103 at the upper end of the output shaft 102 is connected with the opening spring 101 outside the main cylinder body. The opening spring 101 is a pressure spring that pushes the output shaft 102, the moving iron core 107 and the piston 108 downward. . Wherein the upper end cover 103, the magnetic sleeve 106, the cylindrical body 104, and the moving iron core 107 are all magnetically conductive parts made of soft magnetic materials, and the lower end cover 109 can be made of soft magnetic materials or non-magnetically conductive materials.

When the operating mechanism is in the opening holding state, the piston 108 drives the moving iron core 107 and the output shaft 102 to maintain the holding force of the opening state mainly by the elastic force of the opening spring 101 or the permanent magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet or the permanent magnetic attraction force and the elastic force. That is, when the lower end cover 109 is made of soft magnetic material, as the piston 108 drives the moving iron core 107 and the output shaft 102 to open the gate, the piston 108 will be magnetically connected to the lower end cover 109. At this time, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 105 It will sequentially pass through the cylinder 104-lower end cover 109-piston 108-moving iron core 107-magnetic sleeve 106-permanent magnet 105 to form a closed magnetic circuit for opening and closing, so that the permanent magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 105 can provide separate opening and closing. The holding force of the gate state can of course also work together with the opening spring 101 to provide the holding force by the resultant force of the permanent magnetic attraction force and the elastic force, so that the operating mechanism maintains the opening position; when the lower end cover 109 adopts non-magnetic material, even if When the piston 108 touches the lower end cap 109, the lower end cap 109 will also block the above-mentioned closed magnetic circuit, so the elastic force of the opening spring 101 can only be used to provide the holding force, so that the Caodong structure maintains the opening position.

During the closing process, after the operating mechanism receives the closing signal, the solenoid valve opens, and the gas enters the opening cavity of the main cylinder from the opening side air port 191, and the air pressure acts on the bottom surface of the piston 108, and flows upward to the piston 108. Apply upward pressure. Until the air pressure received by the piston 108 is greater than the elastic force of the spring (the lower end cover 109 adopts a non-magnetic material) or the permanent magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet (the lower end cover 109 adopts a soft magnetic material) or the resultant force of the permanent magnetic attraction force and elastic force (the lower end cover 109 adopts a soft magnetic material) soft magnetic material), the piston 108 starts to move upward, and after the piston 108 breaks away from the lower end cover 109 and forms a certain air gap with the lower end cover 109, even if the lower end cover 109 is made of soft magnetic material, the magnetic resistance of the air is relatively high. Large, so the permanent magnet attraction between the piston 108 and the lower end cover 109 will decrease rapidly with the increase of the air gap. At this time, the upward movement of the piston 108 only needs to overcome the elastic force of the opening spring 101, so that the piston 108 moves upward. The acceleration increases rapidly to speed up the closing speed of the operating mechanism. When the upper end surface of the iron core contacts the bottom surface of the upper end cover 103, the closing process ends.

When the operating mechanism is in the closing and holding state, when the moving iron core 107 is in contact with the upper end cover 103, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 105 will pass through the permanent magnet 105-cylinder body 104-upper end cover 103-moving iron core 107 in sequence -Magnetic sleeve 106-permanent magnet 105 to form a closed closing magnetic circuit, at this time the iron core can be kept in the closing position under the combined force of the permanent magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 105 and the air pressure pressure of the gas in the opening cavity, that is The permanent magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 105 is smaller than the elastic force of the opening spring 101, and this part of the difference is compensated by the air pressure of the gas in the opening cavity, and the resultant force of the permanent magnetic attraction force and the air pressure is greater than the elastic force of the opening spring 101, thus Compared with the situation in which the electromagnet compensates for this part of the difference in the comparison document, it can avoid the electromagnetic coil being easily burned out caused by the continuous energization of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet, and the closing state is unstable; compared with the current pneumatic operation Compared with the mechanism, there is no need for the solenoid valve to be on all the time, which avoids the problem of heating or even burning out caused by the coil of the solenoid valve being continuously charged. It can be applied to occasions where the source pressure is unstable.

During the opening process of the operating mechanism, the pressure-loss tripping method is adopted, because the holding force is mainly provided by the combined force of the permanent magnetic attraction force and the air pressure when the closing state is maintained, so when the operating mechanism receives the opening signal, the solenoid valve operates , the gas in the opening cavity can be discharged from the air port 191 on the opening side, so that the permanent magnetic attraction force of the piston 108 is not enough to overcome the elastic force of the opening spring 101 under the action of losing the air pressure, so that the piston 108 will be in the position of the opening spring 101. It moves downward under the action of elastic force, so that the operating mechanism starts to open the brake, and during this process, the opening spring 101 provides the power to open the brake.

Embodiment 2 of the locomotive in the present invention: as shown in Figure 2, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the upper end cover 203 in the operating mechanism is provided with a closing side air port 231, and the closing side air port 231 The outer port is on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end cover 203, the inner port is directly above the iron core, and the outer port of the closing side air port 231 and the outer port of the opening side air port 291 can be relatively independently controlled by two solenoid valves, It can also be managed uniformly through the same solenoid valve. In this way, during the closing process of the operating mechanism, the gas in the closing chamber will be discharged from the closing side air port 231 . During the opening process, the opening mode of the operating mechanism in this embodiment adopts the joint action of the opening spring 201 and the pneumatic pressure, that is, after the operating mechanism receives the opening signal, such as the opening side air port 291 and the closing If the side air port 231 is controlled by the same solenoid valve, the solenoid valve will change direction, and the gas will be filled into the closing chamber from the closing side air port 231, so that the upper end of the piston 208 will be pressed down to compress the opening chamber, and the gas in the opening chamber will flow from Discharge from the air port 291 on the opening side, until the resultant force of the air pressure in the closing chamber and the opening spring 201 is greater than the resultant force of the air pressure in the opening chamber and the permanent magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 205, the piston 208 starts to move downwards and operates The mechanism starts to open, and the opening power is provided by the resultant force of the gas pressure in the closing chamber and the elastic force of the opening spring 201 during the entire opening process.

Embodiment 3 of the locomotive in the present invention: as shown in FIG. 3 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that an opening magnet 300 is installed between the magnetic sleeve 306 and the upper end cover 303, and the opening magnet 300 is mainly composed of The opening electromagnetic coil is formed, and the opening electromagnetic coil is coaxially set on the periphery of the moving iron core 307 . The opening magnet 300 is in the power-off state in the closing holding state, closing process and opening holding state, and is only opened in the closing state, but in the closing holding state, the closing holding force can be permanent The resultant force of the permanent magnet attraction force of the magnet 305 and the air pressure pressure of the gas in the opening cavity can also be provided by the permanent magnet attraction force of the permanent magnet 305 alone. When the closing holding force belongs to the latter case, the permanent magnet attraction force is greater than the opening spring 301 The elastic force in the closing and holding state. During the opening process, the operating mechanism in this embodiment relies on the joint action of the opening magnet 300 and the opening spring 301, that is, when the operating mechanism receives the opening signal, the opening magnet 300 is energized, and the opening magnet 300 The generated magnetic field is a reverse magnetic field that cancels the forward magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 305, which makes the magnetic field generated by the opening magnet 300 cancel the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 305, so that the permanent magnetic attraction force of the moving iron core 307 is quickly Decrease until the resultant force of the permanent magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 305 and the air pressure pressure of the gas in the opening chamber or the individual permanent magnetic attraction force is less than the elastic force of the opening spring 301, the piston 308 moves downward under the action of the elastic force and operates The mechanism starts to open, and the opening spring 301 provides the opening power during the opening process.

Embodiment 4 of the locomotive in the present invention: as shown in Figure 4, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the opening and tripping mode of the operating mechanism in this embodiment adopts the reverse magnetic field of the opening magnet 400 and pneumatic tripping. The way the buckles work together, that is, not only the opening magnet 400 in the embodiment 3 is installed in the main cylinder, but also the closing side air port 431 in the embodiment 2 is opened on the upper end cover 403, so that the opening magnet 400 can be energized The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 405 is counteracted, and at the same time, the opening action is accelerated by filling the air port 431 on the closing side with gas.

Embodiment 5 of the locomotive in the present invention: as shown in Figure 5, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a repulsion mechanism is installed on the part of the output shaft 502 outside the main cylinder block, and the repulsion mechanism mainly It consists of a repulsion magnet 500 and a force transmission plate 510, wherein the force transmission plate 510 is coaxially set and fixed on the output shaft 502, and the force transmission plate 510 is made of soft magnetic material; the electromagnetic coil of the repulsion magnet 500 is set on the output shaft 502 on the transmission The position above the force plate 510. In this embodiment, the opening and tripping mode of the operating mechanism adopts the repulsion tripping method, that is, after the operating mechanism receives the opening signal, the solenoid valve opens, and the repulsion magnet 500 is energized at the same time, and the repulsion magnet 500 will pass through the force transmission plate 510 applies electromagnetic repulsion to the output shaft 502, moving iron core 507, and piston 508, so that the piston 508 presses the gas in the opening cavity to be discharged from the opening side air port 591.

In other embodiments, the permanent magnet can not only be installed between the piston and the upper end cover, but can also be directly embedded on the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the piston can always be in contact with the permanent magnet; it can also be fixed on the piston, of course. The method can be divided into direct fixing and indirect fixing through intermediate magnetic conductive parts such as moving iron core and output shaft. In addition, the permanent magnet can also be directly fixed on the upper end cover.

Embodiment of the operating mechanism in the present invention: the structure of the operating mechanism in this embodiment is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, so it will not be described again.

Claims (10)

1. operating mechanism, comprise the piston of Master cylinder body and the assembling of interior guiding movement vertically thereof, piston carries out divide-shut brake action for driving actuating bar to move axially along Master cylinder body, the inner cavity chamber of Master cylinder body is divided into when closing a floodgate by the combined floodgate chamber of piston compression by piston, when separating brake by the separating brake chamber of piston compression, the chamber wall in separating brake chamber offers the separating brake side gas port for the charge and discharge of separating brake intracavity gas, and magnet is equipped with between Master cylinder body and piston, the casing wall of magnet and Master cylinder body, the combined floodgate end of Master cylinder body, piston is in when combined floodgate puts in place closed, in the combined floodgate magnetic loop that separating brake process interrupt is opened, it is characterized in that, described magnet is permanent magnet, when permanent magnet puts in place for closing a floodgate by independent permanent magnetic or by the force action of permanent magnetic and separating brake chamber internal gas pressure pressure at piston, keep to make piston being close on the combined floodgate end of Master cylinder body.

2. operating mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, permanent magnet is fixed on the inwall of Master cylinder body, and the two ends of permanent magnet and Master cylinder body are arranged at interval all in the axial direction.

3. operating mechanism according to claim 2, is characterized in that, piston all the time with permanent magnet directly or by magnetic conductive part and permanent magnet indirectly magnetic conduction be connected.

4. operating mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, permanent magnet is between the combined floodgate end of Master cylinder body and piston, permanent magnet block in the side of piston towards the end that closes a floodgate, and be convexly equipped with in the side towards the end that closes a floodgate of piston can from permanent magnet towards the end that closes a floodgate side through, with close a floodgate put in place time with the combined floodgate of combined floodgate end in contact projection.

5. operating mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the separating brake end of Master cylinder body is when separating brake puts in place and piston, permanent magnet, Master cylinder body casing wall be in magnetic conduction end in same separating brake magnetic loop, separating brake magnetic loop disconnects for departing from from separating brake end along with piston in making process.

6. operating mechanism as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, the chamber wall in combined floodgate chamber offers the combined floodgate side gas port for the charge and discharge of separating brake intracavity gas, combined floodgate side gas port to be used for when starting separating brake to insufflation gas in combined floodgate chamber, to depart to be pressed piston by combined floodgate chamber internal gas pressure and moving to separating brake end from combined floodgate end.

7. operating mechanism as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, Master cylinder body is connected with for producing the magnetic field contrary with permanent magnet pole when being energized, acting on the permanent magnetic that closes a floodgate between end with piston to offset permanent magnet and make the tripping electromagnet that piston can depart from from the end that closes a floodgate.

8. operating mechanism as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that, piston is connected with and moves, with the repulsive force mechanism making piston driving actuating bar start separating brake to the separating brake end of Master cylinder body for promoting piston.

9. operating mechanism according to claim 8, is characterized in that, repulsive force mechanism comprises the driving member that is connected with piston and for promoting or inhaling the repulsion solenoid of driving member to the movement of separating brake end.

10. locomotive, comprise the operating mechanism of headstock main body and upper assembling thereof, operating mechanism comprises the piston of Master cylinder body and the assembling of interior guiding movement vertically thereof, piston carries out divide-shut brake action for driving actuating bar to move axially along Master cylinder body, the inner cavity chamber of Master cylinder body is divided into when closing a floodgate by the combined floodgate chamber of piston compression by piston, when separating brake by the separating brake chamber of piston compression, the chamber wall in separating brake chamber offers the separating brake side gas port for the charge and discharge of separating brake intracavity gas, and magnet is equipped with between Master cylinder body and piston, the casing wall of magnet and Master cylinder body, the combined floodgate end of Master cylinder body, piston is in when combined floodgate puts in place closed, in the combined floodgate magnetic loop that separating brake process interrupt is opened, it is characterized in that, described magnet is permanent magnet, when permanent magnet puts in place for closing a floodgate by independent permanent magnetic or by the force action of permanent magnetic and separating brake chamber internal gas pressure pressure at piston, keep to make piston being close on the combined floodgate end of Master cylinder body.