CN104976016A - Low temperature plasma ignition device for internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Low temperature plasma ignition device for internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104976016A CN104976016A CN201510398688.8A CN201510398688A CN104976016A CN 104976016 A CN104976016 A CN 104976016A CN 201510398688 A CN201510398688 A CN 201510398688A CN 104976016 A CN104976016 A CN 104976016A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
- F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low temperature plasma ignition device for an internal combustion engine. The low temperature plasma ignition device comprises a medium plate in a sheet shape and arranged on the bottom of a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, a sensing electrode in a sheet shape and arranged on one side of the medium plate, and a discharging electrode arranged on the other side of the medium plate and electrically connected with a high pressure ignition coil. The invention further discloses an internal combustion engine comprising an air cylinder and any one low temperature plasma ignition device disposed in the air cylinder. The low temperature plasma ignition device can discharge along a dielectric surface and achieve quick and large scale ignition for a gasoline engine; inflammable hybrid gas can quickly burn; energy use and emission can be reduced, so contribution is made to haze elimination; and strong automobile power is provided and an energy-saving emission-reduction novel gasoline engine with advanced combustion technology is created.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plasma applicating technology field.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine and to catch fire device, relate to a kind of internal-combustion engine simultaneously.
Background technique
Along with petrol engine gets more and more in world wide use amount, energy security and environmental protection problem are subject to social concerns day by day, and combustion engine energy-saving emission-reduction technology has realistic meaning, and improving gasoline engine ignition system device is realize energy-saving and emission-reduction important research direction.Automobile-used four-stroke gasoline engine is that piston to-and-fro motion four strokes (being equivalent to crankshaft rotating two weeks) between upper and lower stop complete air inlet, compression, acting, exhaust work cycle.The burning of modern gasoline machine is that apply high frequency breakdown voltage between sparking-plug electrode, inflammable mixture is burnt by spark ignitor and externally does work in compression close to top dead center position.At present, spark plug is that petrol engine mainly catches fire device.Improve in the world for a long time and improve plug ignition performance study and never stopped, in essence plug ignition system be all the time a small amount of heat for catching fire, its combustion efficiency is lower.Plasma is a kind of states of matter of material under high temperature or specific incentives, and the change of material four state comprises solid-state, liquid, gaseous state and plasma state.Gasoline engine combustion process is a kind of thermal diffusion process, how adopting petrol engine combustion Comprehensive Control Technology and combine and utilize plasma technique, is the direction that the present invention makes great efforts to shorten period of combustion, to improve the thermal efficiency, explore combustion manner (premix directly the sprays compressing ignition) new-typed gasoline engine of compression ignite and spark-ignition engine advantages.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the problems referred to above, and the advantage will illustrated at least is below provided.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine and catches fire device, and the present invention, by induction electrode and dielectric-slab creeping discharge, can realize petrol engine rapid large-area and catch fire, shorten period of combustion, improve the thermal efficiency.
The present invention has an object to be to provide a kind of internal-combustion engine again, and internal-combustion engine of the present invention includes and can the low-temperature plasma of creeping discharge to catch fire device, and can realize petrol engine rapid large-area and catch fire, burning is more abundant, and power is more powerful.
In order to realize according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, technological scheme of the present invention is:
Low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire a device, comprising:
Dielectric-slab, it is sheet plate, arranges the bottom of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines;
Induction electrode, it is sheet plate, is arranged on the side of described dielectric-slab;
Sparking electrode, it is arranged on the opposite side of described dielectric-slab; And,
Connecting electrode, its one end is connected with described sparking electrode, and the other end is just electrically connected with high-voltage ignition coil.
Wherein, and the size of described dielectric-slab is greater than the size of described sparking electrode.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire in device, and described dielectric-slab and described induction electrode, have multiple through hole, the through hole of described dielectric-slab and the through hole one_to_one corresponding of described induction electrode.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire in device, and described dielectric-slab is alumina ceramic materials.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire in device, and the width of described dielectric-slab is 5 ~ 15mm, and the thickness of described dielectric-slab is 1.2 ~ 2mm.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire in device, and the diameter of described connecting electrode is 1 ~ 2mm.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire device, also comprises:
Connecting nail, it is fixed on described dielectric-slab, radial direction along described connecting nail offers through hole, and axially offer a hole be communicated with described through hole along it, described sparking electrode is fixed on the top of described dielectric-slab through described through hole, one end of described connecting electrode is connected with described sparking electrode through described hole, and the other end of described connecting electrode extends outside described hole to be connected with described high-voltage ignition coil.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire in device, and two ends two lugs be arranged at respectively separately on described dielectric-slab of described sparking electrode are fixed on the side of described dielectric-slab.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire in device, and described sparking electrode, described connecting electrode and described induction electrode are tungsten electrode.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine catches fire in device, and the diameter of described through hole is 3 ~ 8mm.
A kind of internal-combustion engine, comprising:
Cylinder; With,
As above arbitrary described low temperature plasma catches fire device, and it is arranged in cylinder.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
Device of the present invention is arranged on petrol engine combustion indoor, catches fire to generate low temperature plasma, and alternation in flame combustion extinguishes, long with so far, generate low temperature plasma ambient temperature and can omit height, but do not affect mixed gas ionization; Compared with former spark plug, this device causes inflammable mixture molecule generation dissociation due to high-energy electron collision, excites and even ionizes, form a large amount of active atomics, group, ion, cause oxidized chain reaction.In mixed combustible gas body, feed-in low temperature plasma can generate a certain amount of O simultaneously
3.O
3be a kind of strong oxidizer, add micro-O
3hydrocarbon fuel combustion characteristic can be improved, delay of ignition is shortened greatly; In addition, decomposition O can be excited fast
2, form the extremely strong Quick Oxidation hydrocarbon molecules of a large amount of oxygen atom, impel whole burning acceleration, large size creeping discharge luminescence is caught fire, and effectively improves ignition energy, cold starting performance and expansion lean flammability limit.
Low temperature plasma catches fire device creeping discharge, can realize petrol engine rapid large-area and catch fire, efficiently improve ignition energy, cold starting performance and the expansion lean combustion limit; Meanwhile, replacement matching and debugging and electrode sintering more perfect, the transformation of this technology batch can be applied for automobile, for energy-saving and emission-reduction, effectively eliminate haze and pollute and contribute, create advanced combustion technology novel energy-conserving emission reduction petrol engine.
Experiment proves, the rapid combustion of this device inflammable mixture, is conducive to improving its power character, reduces noxious gas emission.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that plasma of the present invention catches fire the cross-sectional view of device.
Fig. 2 is that plasma of the present invention catches fire the schematic top plan view of device.
Fig. 3 is that plasma of the present invention catches fire the schematic side view of device.
Fig. 4 a is provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the view of suction stroke.
Fig. 4 b is provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the view of compression stroke.
Fig. 4 c is provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the view of expansion stroke.
Fig. 4 d is provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the view of exhaust stroke.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Should be appreciated that used hereinly such as " to have ", other element one or more do not allotted in " comprising " and " comprising " term or the existence of its combination or interpolation.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 a ~ 4d, the invention provides a kind of low-temperature plasma for internal-combustion engine and to catch fire device 10, comprising:
Dielectric-slab 1, it is sheet plate, arranges the bottom of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines 8; The shape of dielectric-slab 1, it should be known that it may is circular, may be rectangular, square or other shapes.
Induction electrode 2, it is sheet plate, is arranged on the side of described dielectric-slab 1, induction electrode 2 by the contact internal walls with cylinder 6 with ground connection; And
Sparking electrode 3, it is arranged on the opposite side of described dielectric-slab 1, and described sparking electrode 3 is electrically connected with high-voltage ignition coil.When switching on power between sparking electrode 2 and induction electrode 2, in firing chamber 8, produce plasma, luminescence of plasma discharges, and combination gas is burnt.。
Connecting electrode 4, its one end is connected with described sparking electrode 3, and the other end is just electrically connected with high-voltage ignition coil.
Wherein, and the size of described dielectric-slab 1 is greater than the size of described sparking electrode 3.Like this, time on inwall dielectric-slab being fixed on cylinder 6, sparking electrode can not touch cylinder 6 inwall, to prevent its ground connection.
As preferably, described dielectric-slab 1 and described induction electrode 2, have multiple through hole, the through hole of described dielectric-slab 1 and the through hole one_to_one corresponding of described induction electrode 2.The setting of multiple through hole is more conducive to the flowing of combustion gas in cylinder of internal combustion engine 6.
As preferably, described dielectric-slab 1 is alumina ceramic materials.In one of them embodiment of the present invention, Al
2o
3stupalith system Al
2o
3the stupalith of content more than 96%.
As preferably, the width of described dielectric-slab 1 is 5 ~ 15mm, and the thickness of described dielectric-slab 1 is 1.2 ~ 2mm.Most preferably, the width of dielectric-slab 1 is 10mm, and thickness is 1.6mm, and the dielectric-slab of this specification can maintain good performance, can ensure its stability again, and the direction not easily to cylinder 6 top bends.
As preferably, the diameter of described connecting electrode 4 is 1 ~ 2mm.Most preferably, the diameter of this connecting electrode 4 is 1.5mm.
As preferably, also comprise:
Connecting nail 5, it is fixed on described dielectric-slab 1, radial direction along described connecting nail 5 offers through hole, and axially offer the hole be communicated with described through hole along it, described sparking electrode 3 is fixed on the top of described dielectric-slab 1 through described through hole, one end of described connecting electrode 4 is connected with described sparking electrode 3 through described hole, and the other end of described connecting electrode 4 extends outside described hole to be connected with described high-voltage ignition coil.
As preferably, two ends two lugs be arranged at respectively on described dielectric-slab 1 of described sparking electrode 3 are fixed on the side of described dielectric-slab 1.Like this, the position of sparking electrode 3 is more firm.
As preferably, described sparking electrode 3, described connecting electrode 4 and described induction electrode 2 are tungsten electrode.
As preferably, the diameter of described through hole is 3 ~ 8mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of internal-combustion engine, comprising:
Cylinder 6; With,
As the low temperature plasma as described in arbitrary catches fire device 10, it is arranged in cylinder 6.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 a ~ 4b, sparking electrode 3 adopts tungsten electrode, for diameter is the bar of 1.5mm × 66mm.Dielectric-slab 1 adopts ceramic plate, and induction electrode 2 refers to tungsten-molybdenum alloy sheet below ceramic plate, is 88 × 10 × (0.6) mm.Connecting electrode 4 sparking electrodes and high-tension electricity connection function, and have device working surface supporting effect of necessarily catching fire.Induction electrode 2 ground connection.
The structural feature of creeping discharge dielectric-slab: electrode is arranged in the both sides of dielectric-slab 1, front is sparking electrode 3 (being generally wire), and the back side is induction electrode 2 (being generally tabular), and ground connection.When two inter-electrode voltages are greater than certain critical value, and during with the operation of high frequency sinusoidal Ac, near sparking electrode 3, limited surface carries out coronal discharge.At this moment, under high-frequency and high-voltage simple alternating current electro ultrafiltration, near sparking electrode 3, surface is constantly captured and launches electric charge.When voltage reaches positive half cycle Critical corona voltage Uth, start electric discharge, positive charge gathers to the dielectric surface (i.e. dielectric-slab surface) near discharging electrode, and namely electronics is accelerated to very high-energy and is transferred to sparking electrode from dielectric surface.Continue along with voltage raises electric discharge, more positive charge is bound in dielectric surface, and this process is continued until that peak voltage U0 discharge process stops, and dielectric surface positive charge does not disappear.When voltage starts to decline, dielectric surface positive charge is still motionless, electric discharge does not occur, continue to drop to negative half period Critical corona voltage-Uth, beginning of at this moment discharging, dielectric surface positive charge leaves always, negative charge accumulates in surface, namely electronics is accelerated to very high-energy and is transferred to dielectric surface from sparking electrode, and this process lasts is to negative half period peak voltage-Up, and discharge process stops.
When voltage is elevated to positive half cycle Critical corona voltage Uth again, positive corona discharge starts again, whole discharge process hockets like this, therefore, creeping discharge process is exactly that the state of electrostatic equilibrium of dielectric surface is repeatedly set up and destroys, repeatedly puncturing of surface gas and the process of the charge and discharge charges of different polarity repeatedly on dielectric surface.
Facts have proved: discharging energy increases with Upp and increases, and when Upp is 6 ~ 8kV, Discharge illuminating length is 2.5 ~ 3.4mm.
Ignition Coils of Gasoline Engines is the power unit that in ignition engine cylinder 6, air and fuel oil mixture provide ignition energy.It is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and by turning off and open the primary circuit of spark coil, then the electric current increase in primary circuit reduces suddenly again, will respond to the high voltage produced needed for light up plug like this secondary.Spark coil can think a kind of special pulse transformer, and the low voltage transition of 10-12V is become the voltage of 25000V or higher by it.
Modern gasoline machine igniting high frequency power supply voltage is 20-30kV, and low temperature plasma catches fire, the requirement of device 10 discharging energy is 6-8kV, being the spark coil utilizing former petrol engine, realizing discharging energy requirement by changing spark coil (namely adjust primary and secondary contrast pound number).
Low temperature plasma catches fire device 10 structure: the bottom is induction electrode 2, mesosphere is that one piece of ceramic plate is as dielectric-slab 1, it is the hole of 6mm that whole catch fire device dielectric-slab 1 and induction electrode 2 offer 7 diameters altogether, wherein intermediate hole is equipped with connecting nail 5, as shown in Figure 1, in one of them embodiment of the present invention, connecting nail 5 is axially provided with a diameter 1.5mm hole along it, and connecting electrode 4 is inserted in this hole; Connecting nail 5 radial direction is also provided with a hole, and sparking electrode 3 is through this hole, and in addition, sparking electrode 3 two ends dielectric-slab is arranged separately a lug 7 with holes, sparking electrode 3 is fixed on dielectric-slab.
Electrode all (high temperature resistant) is exposed in firing chamber 8.
On plasma catches fire device dielectric-slab 1 and induction electrode 2, open multiple hole be convenient to combination gas flowing.
This device cutting of catching fire agrees with rear being directly pressed between cylinder body and uses.
Al
2o
3ceramic plate system Al
2o
3the stupalith of content more than 96%, sintering temperature can reach 1600-1900 DEG C.
As shown in Fig. 4 a ~ 4d, the piston-engined working principle of four-stroke is shown, internal-combustion engine of the present invention adopts modern four-stroke gasoline engine ignition system, wherein in Fig. 4 a, piston 9 moves downward, exhaust close, air inlet open, in Fig. 4 b, piston upwards, relief opening and suction port are all closed, and are in compression stroke, in Fig. 4 c, the low-temperature plasma device that catches fire completes igniting, is expansion stroke, in Fig. 4 d, Exhaust Open, and inlet close are exhaust process.The present invention only substitutes spark plug work with the low temperature plasma device 10 that catches fire, piston 9 to-and-fro motion four strokes (being equivalent to crankshaft rotating two weeks) between upper and lower stop complete air inlet, compression, acting, exhaust work cycle, coupling power supply, adjustment igniting opportunity, apply high frequency breakdown voltage, burning carries out catching fire, burning and externally do work close to top dead center position in compression.Sparking electrode links with high voltage wire, induction electrode ground connection, as shown in Figure 1.This device is arranged on petrol engine combustion indoor, catches fire to generate low temperature plasma, and alternation in flame combustion extinguishes, long with so far, generate low temperature plasma ambient temperature and can omit height, but do not affect mixed gas ionization; Compared with former spark plug, this device causes inflammable mixture molecule generation dissociation due to high-energy electron collision, excites and even ionizes, form a large amount of active atomics, group, ion, cause oxidized chain reaction.In mixed combustible gas body, feed-in low temperature plasma can generate a certain amount of O simultaneously
3.O
3be a kind of strong oxidizer, add micro-O
3hydrocarbon fuel combustion characteristic can be improved, delay of ignition is shortened greatly; In addition, decomposition O can be excited fast
2, form the extremely strong Quick Oxidation hydrocarbon molecules of a large amount of oxygen atom, impel whole burning acceleration, large size creeping discharge luminescence is caught fire, and effectively improves ignition energy, cold starting performance and expansion lean flammability limit.
Low temperature plasma catches fire device 10 creeping discharge, can realize petrol engine rapid large-area and catch fire, efficiently improve ignition energy, cold starting performance and the expansion lean combustion limit; Meanwhile, at replacement matching and debugging and electrode sintering, install more perfect, the transformation of this technology batch can be applied for automobile, for energy-saving and emission-reduction, effectively eliminate haze and pollute and contribute.Create advanced combustion technology novel energy-conserving emission reduction petrol engine.
Experiment proves, the rapid combustion of this device inflammable mixture, is conducive to improving its power character, reduces noxious gas emission.
Here the number of devices illustrated and treatment scale are used to simplify explanation of the present invention.The application of electrode of the present invention, modifications and variations be will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, owing to being provided with flake porous sparking electrode and dielectric-slab, therefore having can the effect of creeping discharge.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and mode of execution utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend described.
Claims (10)
1. to catch fire a device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Dielectric-slab, it is sheet plate, arranges the bottom of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines;
Induction electrode, it is sheet plate, is arranged on the side of described dielectric-slab;
Sparking electrode, it is arranged on the opposite side of described dielectric-slab; And,
Connecting electrode, its one end is connected with described sparking electrode, and the other end is connected with high-voltage ignition coil;
Wherein, and the size of described dielectric-slab is greater than the size of described sparking electrode.
2. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dielectric-slab and described induction electrode, have multiple through hole, the through hole of described dielectric-slab and the through hole one_to_one corresponding of described induction electrode.
3. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dielectric-slab is alumina ceramic materials.
4. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the width of described dielectric-slab is 5 ~ 15mm, and the thickness of described dielectric-slab is 1.2 ~ 2mm.
5. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described connecting electrode is 1 ~ 2mm.
6. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Connecting nail, it is fixed on described dielectric-slab, radial direction along described connecting nail offers through hole, and axially offer a hole be communicated with described through hole along it, described sparking electrode is fixed on the top of described dielectric-slab through described through hole, one end of described connecting electrode is connected with described sparking electrode through described hole, and the other end of described connecting electrode extends outside described hole to be connected with described high-voltage ignition coil.
7. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, two ends two lugs be arranged at respectively separately on described dielectric-slab of described sparking electrode are fixed on the side of described dielectric-slab.
8. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sparking electrode, described connecting electrode and described induction electrode are tungsten electrode.
9. to catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described through hole is 3 ~ 8mm.
10. an internal-combustion engine, is characterized in that, comprising:
Cylinder; With,
Low temperature plasma as described in as arbitrary in claim 1 to 9 catches fire device, and it is arranged in cylinder.
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| CN107061102A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-18 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of igniter for two-stroke internal combustion engine plasma igniting |
| CN107218125A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-29 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of two-stroke internal combustion engine electrode assemblie for plasma fortified burning |
| CN110049611A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-07-23 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of micropore bipolar electrode plasmaassisted head-on collision diffusion combustion burner |
| CN112377322A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-02-19 | 北京礴德恒激光科技有限公司 | Piston discharge structure for plasma cloud excitation homogeneous uniform combustion engine |
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| CN107218125A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-29 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of two-stroke internal combustion engine electrode assemblie for plasma fortified burning |
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| CN107218125B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2019-09-24 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of two-stroke internal combustion engine electrode assembly for plasma fortified burning |
| CN110049611A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-07-23 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of micropore bipolar electrode plasmaassisted head-on collision diffusion combustion burner |
| CN112377322A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-02-19 | 北京礴德恒激光科技有限公司 | Piston discharge structure for plasma cloud excitation homogeneous uniform combustion engine |
| CN112377322B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-10-22 | 北京礴德恒激光科技有限公司 | Piston discharge structure for plasma cloud excitation homogeneous uniform combustion engine |
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