CN104975912A - Smoke exhaust purification treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

A purification treatment device for exhaust smoke is provided, wherein a combustion unit and a filtering unit are sequentially arranged in the direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end of an exhaust pipe, and the combustion unit is provided with a conical cover capable of guiding gas to form cyclone; when the waste gas passes through the combustion unit, the waste gas is forced to form cyclone through the conical cover, simultaneously, a proper amount of air and atomized fuel are sprayed into the conical cover to be mixed, then, the waste gas which forms cyclone turbulence is heated and ignited by immediately matching with the electric heating rod to completely combust, and the combusted waste gas flow is filtered through the filtering unit and then discharged; the exhaust end of the filtering unit can be provided with a flame-proof unit for blocking the sprayed flame, and meanwhile, the flame can backtrack to carry out secondary combustion on the waste gas to remove the carbon deposit accumulated in the filtering unit, so that the smoothness of the waste gas discharged by the diesel engine is maintained.

Description

Smoke exhaust purification treatment device

technical field

The invention relates to a smoke exhaust purification treatment device, which is a device that can effectively completely purify the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe of a diesel engine and remove carbon deposits in a filter device, so as to maintain the smooth exhaust gas emission of the diesel engine.

Background technique

Diesel engine vehicles ignite diesel or alternative fuels in the way of compression ignition, and then convert the chemical energy of the fuel into heat energy and power output through the combustion reaction in the cylinder, so various gases and liquids are also produced during the combustion process. , solid pollutants, the most important ones are particulate matter (PM), black smoke (smoke), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and so on. In addition, it also emits gaseous pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur oxides (SOx), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and hydrocarbons (HC), causing damage to the global ecological environment such as ozone layer destruction, acid rain, and enhanced greenhouse effect. It also causes harm to human health, so it is of great concern to the public. For example, nitric acid formed by nitrogen oxides will produce acid rain, which will also destroy the ozone layer and react with sunlight to produce photochemical smog; if particulate pollutants or black smoke contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) or metal compounds, it may cause Diseases of the lungs, trachea, and respiratory tract. According to the estimated data of TED 4.2 version of the National Air Pollution Source Emissions Database, diesel vehicle emissions, which account for 3% of the country's motor vehicles, come from 46% of PM and 51% of NOx from all mobile pollution sources. In particular, almost all passenger and cargo operators in the country use diesel vehicles As a means of transportation, how to reduce the exhaust pollution of diesel vehicles through control technologies or control strategies to improve air quality is an important issue today.

China Taiwan No. 102213170 (M467729) provides an intelligent smoke filter and silencer device, which includes: a body, one end is set as a joint port, and the other end is set as an exhaust port; a cyclone mixing combustion chamber is located close to the body At the same time, the cyclone mixing combustion chamber extends a fuel injection pipe and a gas injection pipe to introduce fuel and gas into the cyclone mixing combustion chamber, and the cyclone mixing combustion chamber also has an ignition rod , to ignite the gas and fuel; and a microcomputer automatic control device, electrically connected to the cyclone mixing combustion chamber, to ignite the ignition rod and control the temperature of the cyclone mixing combustion chamber; thereby connecting with the engine through the joint port of the main body, The exhaust gas emitted by the engine generates a large gas rotation in the cyclone mixing combustion chamber, and then it is evenly mixed with the atomized fuel, ignited and ignited by the ignition rod, and the high heat is provided by the cyclone combustion method to capture the smoke filter in the exhaust of the diesel engine. The black smoke particles on the ceramic smoke filter are re-burned to purify the engine exhaust.

Although this No. 102213170 solves the problem of black smoke emitted by traditional diesel vehicles to a certain extent, the structure is relatively complicated and there is still room for improvement.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the conventional diesel engine vehicle with a filter unit installed in the exhaust pipe at present. The device for burning the carbon on the surface of the filter element by increasing the engine operating temperature will be affected by the vehicle driving environment and conditions. , and the difference in driver's habits, the engine speed cannot be increased, so that the engine operating temperature cannot be increased, so that the carbon deposits on the surface of the filter element cannot be burned smoothly, and carbon deposits will still occur, affecting the smooth exhaust and diesel engine performance. .

Yet another object of the present invention is to improve the problem that the Taiwan Patent No. 102213170 can improve the incomplete combustion of carbon deposits, but the structure is relatively complicated.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:

A smoke exhaust purification treatment device, in the direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end of an exhaust pipe, is provided with:

A combustion unit has an inner cavity, a conical cover is arranged in the inner cavity, the conical cover has a small diameter end and a relatively large diameter end, the small diameter end is connected to a cylindrical cover and faces the air inlet end, The wall of the conical hood close to the large-diameter end is provided with an annular first smoke inlet area and an annular second smoke inlet area in sequence. The first smoke inlet area and the second smoke inlet area Each zone includes a plurality of long and short nozzles, and the long and short nozzles are arranged at intervals along the ring, wherein the inside of the cylindrical cover is from the small diameter end to the large diameter. At least one air nozzle, at least one fuel atomizing nozzle, and at least one electric heating rod are arranged in sequence in the direction of the end, the air nozzle is connected to a compressed air source with a pipeline, and the fuel atomizing nozzle is connected to a pump fuel tank with a pipeline, The electric heating rod is electrically connected to a controller;

A filter unit, one end of which is connected to the large-diameter end of the conical cover of the combustion unit, the filter unit has at least one filter core.

Further, the number of long and short flow guide pipes in the second row of smoke inlet area is more than the number of long and short flow pipes in the first row of smoke inlet area.

Further, the exhaust end of the filter unit is provided with a flameproof unit. Further, the flameproof unit includes a mesh, and a baffle is arranged in the center of the mesh. After adopting the above-mentioned structure, when the exhaust gas passes through the combustion unit, the exhaust gas is forced to form a cyclone through the conical cover, and at the same time, an appropriate amount of air and atomized fuel are sprayed into the conical cover to mix, and then immediately heated and ignited with the electric heating rod. The exhaust gas that forms cyclone turbulence is completely burned, and the exhaust gas flow after combustion is filtered through the filter unit before being discharged; the exhaust end of the filter unit can be equipped with a flameproof unit to block the ejected flame and at the same time make the flame free. Retrospectively perform secondary combustion on the exhaust gas to remove the carbon deposits accumulated in the filter unit, so as to maintain the smooth emission of exhaust gas from the diesel engine.

At the same time, the cyclone turbulence can be formed by passing the exhaust gas through the long and short guide tubes and entering the conical cover. After the atomized fuel injected into the conical cover is mixed with an appropriate amount of air, it is further ignited and burned by the electric heating rod. The exhaust gas that forms the cyclone turbulence generates high heat and is discharged to the filter unit to remove carbon deposits from the filter unit. And use the flameproof unit to block the flame that may still be ejected after passing through the filter unit, and at the same time make the flame go back to the filter unit for secondary combustion, so as to further remove the carbon deposits on the filter element of the filter unit, and the baffle blocks the ejected flame and After the flame is traced back to perform secondary combustion on the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is discharged through the mesh. 

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the smoke exhaust purification treatment device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a partial perspective view of the flameproof unit structure of the present invention.

【Symbol Description】

1 exhaust pipe 11 intake port

2 Combustion unit 21 Internal cavity

3 cone hood 30 cylinder hood

3A The first row into the smoke area 3B The second row into the smoke area

31 Long diversion tube 32 Short diversion tube

4 filter unit 41 filter element

5 Outlet end 51 Mesh

52 Baffles 6 Air Nozzles

61 Air valve 7 Fuel atomizing nozzle

71 Fuel control valve 8 8 Electric heating rod

81 controller.

Detailed ways

In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific examples.

As shown in Figure 1, the smoke exhaust purification treatment device provided by the present invention, its preferred embodiment includes a combustion unit 2 and a filter unit 4 arranged in sequence; wherein, the combustion unit 2 is connected to the diesel engine exhaust pipe 1 In other words, the combustion unit 2 and the filter unit 4 are arranged in sequence from the intake end 11 of the exhaust pipe 1 to the outlet end 5 .

The combustion unit 2 of the present invention has an inner cavity 21, and a conical cover 3 is arranged in the inner cavity 21. The conical cover 3 has a small-diameter end and a relatively large-diameter end, wherein the small-diameter end is connected with a cylindrical cover. 30 and faces the inlet end 11, and the outer diameter periphery of the large diameter end is sealed to the inner diameter of the inner cavity 21, and the sealing method can be completed by welding. The wall near the large diameter end of the conical hood 3 is provided with an annular first smoke inlet area 3A and an annular second smoke inlet area 3B, that is, the first smoke inlet area 3A is opposite to each other. It is closer to the small diameter end than the second row of smoke inlet area 3B; the first row of smoke inlet area 3A and the second row of smoke inlet area 3B both include a plurality of long guide tubes 31 and short guide tubes 32, and the long The guide tubes 31 and short guide tubes 32 are arranged at intervals along the ring shape. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of long and short guide tubes 31, 32 in the second smoke exhaust area 3B is more than that in the first smoke exhaust area 3B. The length and the number of flow pipes 31 and 32 of a row of smoke inlet areas 3A.

In addition, an air nozzle 6, a fuel atomizing nozzle 7, and an electric heating rod 8 are sequentially arranged in the cylindrical cover 30 from the small diameter end to the large diameter end, wherein the air nozzle 6 is connected to the compressed air with a pipeline. source, and an air valve 61 is set in the pipeline, and the air valve 61 is used to control the amount of compressed air sprayed into the conical cover 3 through the pipeline; the fuel atomizing nozzle 7 is connected to a pump fuel tank with a pipeline (Fig. not shown in ), and a fuel control valve 71 is set in the pipeline, which is used to control the spraying amount of fuel sprayed into the conical cover 3 through the pipeline; the electric heating rod 8 is electrically connected to a controller 81 .

One end of the filter unit 4 is connected to the large-diameter end of the conical cover 3 of the combustion unit 2 , and the filter unit 4 has at least one filter core 41 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a flame-proof unit (as shown in Figure 2 ) is further arranged at the exhaust end of the filter unit 4; the flame-proof unit includes a mesh 51, and a Baffle 52 .

In the improved device for exhaust gas purification treatment of the present invention, under normal working conditions, the combustion unit 2 does not operate, and the exhaust gas emitted by the diesel engine directly passes through each long guide pipe 31 and short guide pipe 32 of the combustion unit 2 and then enters the circle. Inside the cylinder cover 30 and the conical cover 3, the exhaust gas is guided by the long and short guide tubes 31 and 32 arranged at intervals to form a vortex-shaped cyclone in the conical cover 3, and then passes through the filter element 41 of the filter unit 4 After being filtered, it is discharged through the mesh sheet 51 and the gas outlet 5.

After being used for a period of time, the filter element 41 will be blocked by carbon deposits and cause exhaust problems. At this time, the operation can control the system to order the booster pump (not shown in the figure) in the pump fuel tank to move the fuel through the pipeline. to the fuel control valve 71, and then control the starting time of the fuel control valve 71 to output the fuel to the fuel atomizing nozzle 7 to spray out atomized oil gas into fine molecules; at the same time, the compressed air source delivers high-pressure air to the air valve 61, The air volume output is controlled by the air valve 61 to mix the aforementioned atomized oil and gas, and then the controller 81 controls the electric heating rod 8 to be energized and heated to ignite and burn the atomized oil and gas to completely burn the exhaust gas that forms the cyclone disturbance. The exhaust gas flow passes through the filter element 41, and the carbon deposit attached to the filter element 41 is burned and removed by using the high-temperature exhaust gas; when the carbon deposit is removed to a certain extent, the filter element 41 returns to a smooth and unblocked state, and can be discharged smoothly. exhaust gas.

Furthermore, the present invention can also avoid the high-temperature exhaust gas passing through the filter core 41 from spraying the flame out of the gas outlet 5 by the aforementioned flame-proof unit; The flame traces back to the filter core 41 to perform secondary combustion on the waste gas and carbon deposits, and the fully burned waste gas is discharged through the mesh 51 and the gas outlet 5 .

The above are only preferred embodiments for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Therefore, any modification or change of the present invention made under the same spirit of the invention , all should still be included in the category that the present invention intends to protect.

Claims (4)

1. to discharge fume a purifying processing device, it is characterized in that, be sequentially provided with in inlet end to the direction of outlet side of an outlet pipe:

One fuel element, there is an inner chamber, one cone-shaped hood is set in this inner chamber, this cone-shaped hood has a miner diameter end and a relative bigger diameter end, this miner diameter end connects a cylindrical cap and towards this inlet end, this cone-shaped hood is sequentially provided with a circular first row Jin Yan district and a circular second row Jin Yan district close to the wall of this bigger diameter end, this first row Jin Yan district and second row Jin Yan district all include multiple long honeycomb duct and short honeycomb duct, and this long honeycomb duct and short honeycomb duct are distributed in distance along this ring-type, wherein, in this cylindrical cap, at least one air nozzle is sequentially set from its miner diameter end toward the direction of bigger diameter end, at least one fuel atomizer, with at least one electrical bar, this air nozzle is connected to source of compressed air with pipeline, this fuel atomizer connects a gang of Pu fuel tank with pipeline, this electrical bar is electrically connected a controller,

One filter element, its one end is connected to the bigger diameter end of this cone-shaped hood of this fuel element, and this filter element has at least one filter stamen.

2. to discharge fume as claimed in claim 1 purifying processing device, it is characterized in that: the long and short honeycomb duct quantity in second row Jin Yan district is more than length, the stream pipe quantity in this first row Jin Yan district.

3. to discharge fume as claimed in claim 2 purifying processing device, it is characterized in that: the exhaust end of filter element is provided with a flame proof unit.

4. discharge fume as claimed in claim 3 purifying processing device, it is characterized in that: flame proof unit includes a mesh sheet, the central authorities of this mesh sheet are provided with a baffle plate.