CN104974448A - 一种基于pvc材质的电缆材料及其之制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料及其制备方法，用重量百分含量表示，其包括如下分量的原料：聚氯乙烯树脂60-80份，稳定剂1-2份，抗氧剂2-4份，增塑剂4-8份，阻燃剂5-10份，润滑剂3-5份，填充剂8-12份。本发明所述的电缆材料具有耐高温和抗老化性能好，能适应电力电缆使用过程因过载短路而产生的高温，材料具有高绝缘强度和体积电阻率；柔性好且抗压强度大、抗不均匀沉降，在施工现场无须包封浇混凝土；内壁表面磨擦系数小，利于使用，产品寿命长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合电缆材料技术领域，具体是指一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
电线电缆作为能量和信息的传输体，在各个领域都得到广泛的应用。它们大多数都采用塑料和橡胶作绝缘和护套材料，当其受热、熔化、分解后，会产生可燃性气体，使得火灾发生，我国仅由于电缆引起的火灾损失，每年达50亿以上，因此，电线电缆的阻燃问题越来越引起人们的关注。
直径处于1-100nm之间的粒子由于表面具有量子尺寸效应而表现出特殊的光、电、机械、热等性能，与宏观材料复合后，也将使复合材料表现出许多特殊的性能。以往的研究表明，在环氧树脂中添加适量纳米SiO2粒子，能使复合材料同时达到增强和增韧的作用，并且其介电性能并无恶化。电缆绝缘和护套常用的橡胶材料其弯曲和冲击强度等方面并不理想，影响电缆的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种性能优良的基于PVC材质的电缆材料及其制备方法。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，用重量百分含量表示，包括如下分量的原料：聚氯乙烯树脂60-80份，稳定剂1-2份，抗氧剂2-4份，增塑剂4-8份，阻燃剂5-10份，润滑剂3-5份，填充剂8-12份。
为了更好的实现本发明，进一步地，所述聚氯乙烯树脂是高聚合度的聚氯乙烯树脂，其聚合度大于2200。
为了更好的实现本发明，进一步地，所述填充剂为矿物填充剂。
为了更好的实现本发明，进一步地，所述矿物填充剂为轻钙粉或苦土粉。
为了更好的实现本发明，进一步地，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，所述阻燃剂为二季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐。
为了更好的实现本发明，进一步地，所述稳定剂为蓖麻油酸钡，所述润滑剂为山嵛酸甘油酯。
为了更好的实现本发明，进一步地，抗氧剂选自2,4二叔丁基苯基-亚磷酸三酯、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯中的任意一种。
一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）分别依次在高速混合机中加入聚氯乙烯树脂、稳定剂、抗氧剂、增塑剂、阻燃剂、润滑剂、填充剂，在高速混合机作用下混合均匀；
（2）将混合均匀的物料转移至双螺杆塑炼机上塑炼，直至其塑炼均匀；
（3）将塑炼均匀的物料在经过水冷拉条后，进行切粒；
（4）将切得的颗粒导入干燥机中进行干燥，之后获得该电缆材料。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点及有益效果：
本发明所述的电缆材料具有耐高温和抗老化性能好，能适应电力电缆使用过程因过载短路而产生的高温，材料具有高绝缘强度和体积电阻率；柔性好且抗压强度大、抗不均匀沉降，在施工现场无须包封浇混凝土；内壁表面磨擦系数小，利于使用，产品寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步阐述本发明，应理解，实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例：
本发明所述的复合电缆材料，用重量百分含量表示，原料的分量如下：聚氯乙烯树脂80份，稳定剂2份，抗氧剂4份，增塑剂8份，阻燃剂10份，润滑剂5份，填充剂12份。
其中，所述聚氯乙烯树脂是高聚合度的聚氯乙烯树脂，其聚合度大于2200；所述填充剂为矿物填充剂；所述矿物填充剂为轻钙粉或苦土粉；所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，所述阻燃剂为二季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐；所述稳定剂为蓖麻油酸钡，所述润滑剂为山嵛酸甘油酯；所述抗氧剂选自2,4二叔丁基苯基-亚磷酸三酯、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯中的任意一种。
一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）分别依次在高速混合机中加入聚氯乙烯树脂、稳定剂、抗氧剂、增塑剂、阻燃剂、润滑剂、填充剂，在高速混合机作用下混合均匀；
（2）将混合均匀的物料转移至双螺杆塑炼机上塑炼，直至其塑炼均匀；
（3）将塑炼均匀的物料在经过水冷拉条后，进行切粒；
（4）将切得的颗粒导入干燥机中进行干燥，之后获得该电缆材料。
本发明所述的电缆材料具有耐高温和抗老化性能好，能适应电力电缆使用过程因过载短路而产生的高温，材料具有高绝缘强度和体积电阻率；柔性好且抗压强度大、抗不均匀沉降，在施工现场无须包封浇混凝土；内壁表面磨擦系数小，利于使用，产品寿命长。
经过实施例所测得的电缆材料进行测试性能如下：
ShoreA为93，拉伸强度（Mpa）为12.9，断裂伸长率（%）为470，经过老化（在136℃的环境中放置168小时)后，抗张强度保留率≥75%，断裂伸长率≥75%。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (8)
1.一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，其特征在于：用重量百分含量表示，包括如下分量的原料：聚氯乙烯树脂60-80份，稳定剂1-2份，抗氧剂2-4份，增塑剂4-8份，阻燃剂5-10份，润滑剂3-5份，填充剂8-12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，其特征在于：所述聚氯乙烯树脂是高聚合度的聚氯乙烯树脂，其聚合度大于2200。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，其特征在于：所述填充剂为矿物填充剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，其特征在于：所述矿物填充剂为轻钙粉或苦土粉。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，其特征在于：所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，所述阻燃剂为二季戊四醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，其特征在于：所述稳定剂为蓖麻油酸钡，所述润滑剂为山嵛酸甘油酯。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂选自2,4二叔丁基苯基-亚磷酸三酯、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯中的任意一种。
8.一种基于PVC材质的电缆材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
（1）分别依次在高速混合机中加入聚氯乙烯树脂、稳定剂、抗氧剂、增塑剂、阻燃剂、润滑剂、填充剂，在高速混合机作用下混合均匀；
（2）将混合均匀的物料转移至双螺杆塑炼机上塑炼，直至其塑炼均匀；
（3）将塑炼均匀的物料在经过水冷拉条后，进行切粒；
（4）将切得的颗粒导入干燥机中进行干燥，之后获得该电缆材料。
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