CN104963746A - A device for collecting and processing smog particles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a haze particle treatment device, which not only can effectively collect and treat fine particles in exhaust gas, but also can directly receive and treat PM2.5 (fine particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 2.5 microns) which is already existed in large quantity in the atmosphere. The air containing haze particles is pumped into the haze particle collecting and processing device by the power device through the air inlet of the device for purification, and the air flowing out of the air outlet of the device is the air meeting the national standard. The device has strong universality, and can be applied to exhaust gas discharge outlets of equipment such as diesel engines and the like in the industrial field. When the method is applied to industrial production, the contents of particulate matters and soot in waste gas can be greatly reduced, and secondary dust pollution cannot be caused. The particle collecting and processing method is applied to the diesel vehicle, the particle collecting and processing efficiency is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional method, and the diesel vehicle exhaust has the advantages of small exhaust back pressure, pressure reduction, high particle collecting efficiency, complete particle post-processing and the like.

Description

A device for collecting and processing smog particles

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, in particular to a device for collecting and treating haze particles.

Background technique

In recent years, "smog" has become a hot topic in our discussion, and has been valued by the country and people. PM2.5 (fine particulate matter with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns) is considered to be the main cause of haze weather. Nowadays, the country has added the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to the air quality index index. The concentration of fine particulate matter in the air has become one of the indicators for evaluating air quality, and the national emission regulations have become increasingly stringent. Although the content of PM2.5 in the atmosphere is not much, compared with coarser particles, PM2.5 has a small particle size and is rich in a large amount of harmful substances, and it stays in the air for a long time and transports The distance is far, so the impact on human health and the environment is greater. Industrial boilers and the smoke and dust emitted during industrial production are important sources of air pollution in urban industrial areas. Nowadays, the commonly used dust removal methods in industry are cyclone dust removal and electrostatic dust removal. The cyclone dust collector has a high dust removal efficiency when the gas flow rate is high, but when the gas flow rate is low, the particle collection efficiency is very low due to insufficient centrifugal force on the particles, and its removal effect on fine particles is minimal. Nowadays, the electrostatic precipitator widely used in industry can achieve 99.9% dust removal effect for particles above 10 microns, but the dust removal efficiency for PM2.5 is not high. The time on the particles becomes shorter, and the dust removal efficiency will drop significantly.

With the development of industry and the increase of car ownership year after year, automobile exhaust and industrial waste gas have become the main sources of PM2.5 in the atmosphere, such as diesel vehicles, whose emissions of particles and soot are dozens of times or more than those of gasoline engines, diesel engine particles Emissions have become an important source of air pollutants and the main cause of smog. However, the particle traps used in automobiles today, although the particle capture efficiency can reach very high, some can even reach 90%, but they have large air intake resistance and large pressure drop. After a period of use, due to the particle The accumulation of exhaust gas will cause the exhaust back pressure to increase, which will lead to poor engine power, poor fuel economy, and poor particle capture efficiency. However, conventional dust removal technology has low efficiency and poor feasibility when dealing with small particles such as PM2.5 in the exhaust gas and smoke generated by existing industrial equipment, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of increasingly stringent emission regulations.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a new type of haze particle collection and treatment device which has high particle collection efficiency and integrates particle agglomeration, particle collection and particle treatment.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a haze particle collection and treatment device, including the device air inlet, charge area assembly, agglomerator, electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly, electromagnetic particle catcher assembly and device air outlet , the air inlet of the device is connected to the charge area assembly, and an agglomerator is arranged between the charge area assembly and the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly, and the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly is connected to the electromagnetic The particle catcher assembly is connected, and one end of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is provided with an air outlet of the device.

It also includes an electronic control unit, an air flow meter and a first air valve, the air flow meter is arranged at the air inlet of the device, and the signal output end of the air flow meter is connected to the signal input end of the electronic control unit.

The charge area assembly includes a positive metal mesh, a negative metal mesh, an insulating plate and a casing, the insulating plate is arranged in the middle of the casing, and separates the charge area into two parts, and each part is evenly provided with a metal mesh, which is divided into two parts. The separated metal mesh is connected with the positive electrode as the positive electrode metal mesh and the one connected with the negative electrode is the negative electrode metal mesh.

The casing of the agglomerator is provided with an impeller composed of impeller blades and an impeller shaft, and a first air valve is arranged between the agglomerator and the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly. The signal output port of the first air valve is connected with the signal input port of the electronic control unit.

The electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly includes an electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly air inlet, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a particle collector, an electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly air outlet, a prickly electrode and a central column. The air inlet of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly is connected to the air outlet of the coalescer, the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder and one end is connected to the air outlet of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly, and the outer cylinder is set There is a central column, the surface of the central column is uniformly provided with thorn electrodes, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is provided with a particle collector.

The overall composition of the electromagnetic particle catcher includes a positive charge area, a magnetic field area, a negative charge area and a heating area, including an air inlet of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly, a second air valve, a shell of the positive charge area, an electrode of the positive charge area, The shell of the heating zone, the electrode in the negative charge zone, the valve, the air outlet of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly, the heating wire, the upper and lower collecting plates, the bypass valve, the uniform magnetic field and the bypass channel, and the air inlet of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly It is connected with the air outlet of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly, the air inlet of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is provided with a bypass channel and a secondary air inlet, and a second air valve is arranged in the secondary air inlet, The other end of the bypass channel is connected to the air outlet of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly, the air inlet of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is connected to the shell of the positive charge area, and the electrodes of the positive charge area are evenly distributed in the positive charge area. In the shell of the charge zone, a uniform magnetic field and a negative charge zone electrode are arranged between the upper and lower collecting plates, the outside of the upper and lower collecting plates is a heating zone, and a heating wire is arranged inside, and the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly A valve is arranged at the air outlet, and a bypass valve is arranged in the bypass channel.

The signal input ends of the impeller, the bypass valve, the valve, the first air valve and the second air valve are connected with the signal output end of the electronic control unit.

The shell of the charge zone assembly, the shell of the condenser, the impeller blades and the shell of the positive charge zone are made of insulating materials.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects of greatly improving the collection efficiency of particles, making up for the defects of traditional dust collectors, not only being able to effectively remove particles and soot in industrial waste, but also effectively reducing diesel engine dust. The emission of PM2.5 reduces the concentration of particulate matter to the emission requirements of environmental protection. It can also collect and process the smog particles existing in the atmosphere, purify our air, and improve our air quality and living environment. It has high practical value and application prospect, and has the advantages of integrating particle coagulation, particle collection and particle treatment. Applied to the diesel engine, the diesel engine can have the advantages of small exhaust back pressure, low pressure drop, high particle collection efficiency and complete particle post-treatment during the exhaust process, so that it can meet the requirements of increasingly stringent emission regulations. Applied at the exhaust outlet of industrial equipment that produces exhaust gas, the haze particle collection and treatment device can greatly reduce PM2.5 emissions, thereby improving our air quality and living environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a general structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the charge area assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the charge region assembly AA of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the impeller;

Figure 7 is a side view of the impeller.

In the picture:

1-Device air inlet 2-Air flow meter 3Charge area assembly 4-Aggregator 5-First air valve

6-Electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 7-Electromagnetic particle catcher assembly 8-Device outlet

9-Positive metal mesh 10-Negative metal mesh 11-Insulation plate 12-Shell 13-Inlet of electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 14-Outer cylinder 15-Inner cylinder 16-Particle collector 17-Electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly Air outlet 18-Prickly electrode 19-Central column 20-Inlet of electromagnetic particle catcher assembly

21-Second air valve 22-Positive charge area shell 23-Positive charge area electrode 24-Positive charge area 25-Heating area shell 26-Heating area 27-Negative charge area electrode 28-Valve 29-Electromagnetic particle catcher assembly out Gas port 30-heating wire 31-negative charge area 32-magnetic field area 33-upper and lower collecting plate 34-bypass valve 35-uniform magnetic field 36-bypass channel 37-impeller blade 38-impeller shaft 39-electronic control unit.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of smog particle collection treatment device, comprises device air inlet 1, charge area assembly 3, agglomerator 4, electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6, electromagnetic particle catcher assembly 7 and device The air outlet 8 and the draft device connected with the air inlet 1 of the device, the air inlet is connected with the charge area assembly 3, between the charge area assembly 3 and the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6 An agglomerator 4 is provided, the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6 is connected with an electromagnetic particle catcher assembly 7 , and an air outlet 8 is provided at one end of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly 7 .

It also includes an electronic control unit 39 and an air flow meter 2, and the electronic control unit 39 is an FPGA control unit of the Virtex series of Xilinx Company. The air flow meter 2 is arranged at the air inlet 1 of the device, and the signal output end of the air flow meter 2 is connected with the signal input end of the electronic control unit 39 . The air flow meter 2 is used to accurately monitor the gas flowing into the particle processing device, and transmit the gas intake volume, intake density, and intake temperature signals to the electronic control unit 39 .

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3: the charge area assembly 3 includes a positive electrode metal mesh 9, a negative electrode metal mesh 10, an insulating plate 11 and a casing 12, and the insulating plate 11 is arranged in the middle of the casing to separate the charge area It is divided into two parts, and each part is evenly equipped with a metal mesh. The separated metal mesh is connected to the positive electrode as the positive electrode metal mesh 9, so that it is charged with high voltage positive electricity; the one connected to the negative electrode is the negative electrode metal mesh 10. , making it negatively charged at high voltage. The purpose of doing this is to make the gas containing particles pass through the charge zone, so that the particles in it are respectively positively and negatively charged.

As shown in Figures 6 and 7: the housing of the agglomerator 4 is provided with an impeller consisting of impeller blades 37 and an impeller shaft 38, and the agglomerator 4 and the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6 are arranged There is a first air valve 5 . Particles with different charges in the agglomerator 4 can be fully mixed and agglomerated, so that the particle size of the particles becomes larger. In order to facilitate the subsequent collection and processing of particles.

As shown in Figure 4: the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6 includes an electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly air inlet 13, an outer cylinder 14, an inner cylinder 15, a particle collector 16, and an electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly Air outlet 17, prickly electrode 18 and central column 19, the air inlet of the electric cyclone particle catcher assembly is connected with the air outlet of the coagulator 4, and the inner cylinder 15 is arranged at one end of the outer cylinder 14 to connect with the electrostatic cyclone The air outlet 17 of the particle catcher assembly is connected, and the outer cylinder 14 is provided with a central column 19, and the surface of the central column 19 is uniformly provided with prickly electrodes 18, and the bottom of the outer cylinder 14 is provided with particles Collector 16. The air flow flows in tangentially from the air inlet 13 of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly on the top, the central column 19 is connected to a high-voltage power supply, and the outer cylinder 14 is grounded. The gas is discharged from the gas outlet 17 of the lower electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly.

As shown in Figure 5: described electromagnetic particle catcher assembly 7 is divided into positive charge area 24, magnetic field area 32, negative charge area 31 and heating area 26, comprises electromagnetic particle catcher assembly air inlet 20, the second Air valve 21, positive charge area shell 22, positive charge area electrode 23, heating area shell 25, negative charge area electrode 27, valve, electromagnetic particle catcher assembly air outlet 29, heating wire 30, upper and lower collecting plates 33, bypass Valve 34, uniform magnetic field 35 and bypass channel 36, the air inlet 20 of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is connected with the air outlet 17 of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly, the air intake of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly The port 20 is provided with a bypass channel 36 and a secondary air inlet, the secondary air inlet is provided with a second air valve 21, and the other end of the bypass channel 36 is connected to the air outlet 29 of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly, The air inlet 20 of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is connected to the shell 22 of the positive charge area, and the electrodes 23 of the positive charge area are evenly distributed in the shell 22 of the positive charge area, and the electrodes 23 of the positive charge area are connected with 10-105kv The high-voltage positive electricity, the upper and lower collecting plates 33 are provided with a uniform magnetic field 35 and a negative charge region electrode 27, the magnetic field region 32 is specifically composed of a uniform magnetic field 35 generated by a number of coils, and the direction of the upper half of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the paper. Outside, the lower half of the vertical paper faces inward. The negative charge area is equipped with several negative charge area electrodes 27 connected with high-voltage negative electricity of 10-105kv; Signal, heating the negative charge area and the magnetic field area 32, heat the adsorbed particles, burn the particles adsorbed in the negative charge area and the magnetic field area 32, and prevent the back pressure from becoming too large; The air outlet 29 of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is provided with a valve, and the bypass channel 36 is provided with a bypass valve 34, which is normally closed for the purpose of closing the adsorbed particles during the particle combustion process. Valve, open the bypass valve 34, so that the gas after the primary particle treatment flows away from the bypass channel 36 through the bypass valve 34, so as to burn the particles adsorbed by the negative charge area 31 and the magnetic field area 32; The second air valve 21 purpose is housed in the air inlet is that when the heating wire 30 starts to heat, the second air valve is closed at ordinary times, and the second air valve is opened to supply a certain amount of secondary air.

The signal input ends of the impeller, the bypass valve 34 , the valves, the first air valve 5 and the second air valve 21 are connected with the signal output end of the electronic control unit 39 . The electronic control unit 39 controls the opening degree of the first air valve 5 by judging the information input by the air flow meter 2 , so as to control the flow rate of the gas.

The shell of the charge zone assembly, the shell of the condenser, the impeller blades 37 and the shell of the positive charge zone are made of insulating materials. Those skilled in the art can select according to the prior art.

Working process: gas enters the smog particle collection and treatment device from the device air inlet 1, and in the charge area assembly 3, the gas containing particles flows through the positive metal mesh 9 with high voltage positive charge and the negative electrode with high voltage negative charge respectively The metal mesh 10, so that the particles in the gas are respectively positively and negatively charged. The positive metal mesh 9 and the negative metal mesh 10 are separated by an insulating plate. The gas with positive charge and negative charge respectively flows into the agglomerator 4, and the gas impacts on the blades of the impeller to make the impeller rotate, so that the particles with different charges are fully mixed and condensed, so that the particle size of the particles in the gas becomes larger. Realize the growth of particles, so as to facilitate the collection and processing of subsequent particles. The gas containing particles with larger particle size flows tangentially into the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6, and the schematic diagram of the movement of the gas in the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher is shown in Figure 4. The particles in the gas are under the influence of centrifugal force and electrostatic field force. Under the action, it is thrown onto the inner wall of the outer cylinder 14, and falls into the particle collector 16 under the action of gravity. In addition, the electrostatic cyclone particle capture assembly still has the advantages of the traditional cyclone dust collector, has the function of automatic dust removal, and does not generate secondary dust. Finally, the gas that has undergone the primary particle capture flows out of the gas outlet of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly and flows into the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly 7 . Particles that have not been effectively removed in the gas are positively charged through the electrode 23 in the positive charge area, and then the particles with positive charges enter the uniform magnetic field 35, and are deflected under the joint action of Lorentz magnetic force and Coulomb force, and are respectively deflected upward and downward for collection. plate. Then the remaining positively charged particles enter the negatively charged area 31, are adsorbed in the negatively charged area 31, and finally the gas that meets the emission requirements is discharged from the smog particle collection and treatment device by the air outlet 29 of the electromagnetic particle catcher assembly. . The selection and setting of the pair of electrodes and the electromagnetic coil are prior art in this field, and those skilled in the art can select and set according to the prior art.

In the present invention, the electrostatic precipitator and the cyclone dust collector are combined to overcome the defects when they act alone, and optimize their structure. One of the outstanding features of the present invention is that the small particles are first aggregated, The size of the particles becomes larger, which is beneficial to the cyclone electrostatic particle catcher assembly to capture and collect the particles, and greatly improves the collection efficiency of the particles. In addition, when the air flow rate is very low, the electronic control unit 39 analyzes the information of the air flow meter 2, and then controls the opening of the first air valve 5, thereby increasing the flow rate of the gas and increasing the centrifugal force on the particles. It is beneficial to the separation of particles, thereby improving the capture efficiency of the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher, and when the gas flow rate is fast, the electronic control unit 39 controls the opening of the first air valve 5, changes the flow rate of the gas and changes the overall flow rate of the electromagnetic particle catcher. The magnetic field strength of the uniform magnetic field 35 in the magnetic field area 32 in the formation of 7 makes the Lorent magnetic force suffered by the particles in the magnetic field area 32 larger, and enhances the particle capture ability of the magnetic field area 32, thereby making up for the increase in the gas flow rate. Therefore, the particle capture capacity of the entire smog particle collection and treatment device can be improved. In the electromagnetic particle capture assembly, the adsorbed particles mainly exist in the magnetic field region 32 and the negative charge region, which will inevitably cause an increase in back pressure after a long time. Therefore, after testing, a reasonable time is set, and then the set time is stored in the electronic control unit 39. When the set time is reached, the electronic control unit 39 issues an instruction to close the valve 28 and open the bypass The valve 34 makes the gas from the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6 flow away through the bypass valve 34 . In addition, the electronic control unit 39 controls the second air valve 21 to open to supply a certain amount of secondary air. The electronic control unit 39 controls the heating wire 30 to heat the negative charge area 31 and the magnetic field area 32, so that the particles adsorbed on it can be To achieve sufficient combustion, a certain combustion time is set and stored in the electronic control unit 39. When the combustion is complete, the electronic control unit 39 controls the valve 28 to open to discharge the burned gas, and close the bypass valve 34 and the second Two air valves 21. Since the combustion time of this period is very short, and the gas has been treated by the electrostatic cyclone particle catcher assembly 6, the content of particles in the gas discharged during this period of particle combustion is actually very small, and it is significantly reduced. Reduced exhaust back pressure.

Example 2:

The air inlet of the device can also be connected with the exhaust outlet of other equipment that produces exhaust gas such as diesel engines, which can greatly reduce the particulate matter, soot content and PM2.5 emissions in the exhaust gas, and will not cause secondary dust. pollute.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and that described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention also has various aspects without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. a haze powder collection treatment device, it is characterized in that: comprise device suction port, charged region assembly, flokcculator, electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly, electromagnetic particle catcher assembly and device air outlet, described device suction port is connected with charged region assembly, flokcculator is provided with between described charged region assembly and electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly, described electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly is connected with electromagnetic particle catcher assembly, and one end of described electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is provided with device air outlet.

2. haze powder collection treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise electronic control unit, Air flow meter and the first air valve, described Air flow meter is arranged on device suction port, and the signal of described Air flow meter goes out end and is connected with the signal input part of electronic control unit.

3. haze powder collection treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charged region assembly comprises cathode metal net, negative metal net, insulation board and shell, described insulation board is arranged in the middle of shell, charged region is separated into two-part, evenly be provided with wire netting in every part, what what the wire netting be separated was connected with positive electrode be connected with negative electrode for cathode metal net is negative metal net.

4. haze powder collection treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the housing of described flokcculator, be provided with the impeller be made up of impeller blade and impeller shaft, be provided with the first air valve between described flokcculator and electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly, the signal of the first described air valve goes out end and enters end with the signal of electronic control unit and be connected.

5. haze powder collection treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly comprises electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly suction port, urceolus, inner core, particle collector, electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly air outlet, arista electrode and newel, described electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly suction port is connected with flokcculator air outlet, described inner core is arranged on one end in urceolus and is connected with electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly air outlet, newel is provided with in described urceolus, the surface uniform of described newel is provided with arista electrode, particle collector is provided with bottom described urceolus.

6. haze powder collection treatment device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electromagnetic particle catcher assembly is divided into Pregionp, field regions, negative charge region and heating-up zone, comprise electromagnetic particle catcher assembly suction port, second air valve, Pregionp shell, Pregionp electrode, heating-up zone shell, negative charge region electrode, valve, electromagnetic particle catcher assembly air outlet, electric heating wire, upper and lower collecting board, bypass valve, uniform magnetic field and by-pass, described electromagnetic particle catcher assembly suction port is connected with electrostatic whirlwind particle trap assembly air outlet, described electromagnetic particle catcher assembly suction port is provided with by-pass and secondary air entrance, the second air valve is provided with in described secondary air entrance, the described by-pass the other end is connected with electromagnetic particle catcher assembly air outlet, described electromagnetic particle catcher assembly suction port is connected with Pregionp shell, described Pregionp electrode is evenly distributed in the shell of Pregionp, described is provided with uniform magnetic field and negative charge region electrode up and down between collecting board, described collecting board is up and down outward heating-up zone, inside be provided with electric heating wire, described electromagnetic particle catcher assembly air outlet place is provided with valve, is provided with bypass valve in described by-pass.

7. haze powder collection treatment device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described impeller, bypass valve, valve, the first air valve are connected with the signal output part of electronic control unit with the signal input part of the second air valve.

8. haze powder collection treatment device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described charged region assembly shell, flokcculator shell, impeller blade and Pregionp shell adopt insulating material to make.