CN104953541A - Overvoltage protection device - Google Patents
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- CN104953541A CN104953541A CN201510459110.9A CN201510459110A CN104953541A CN 104953541 A CN104953541 A CN 104953541A CN 201510459110 A CN201510459110 A CN 201510459110A CN 104953541 A CN104953541 A CN 104953541A
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Abstract
The application discloses an overvoltage protection device which comprises a first filter circuit, a relay, a rectifier bridge, a first voltage stabilizing circuit, a direct current source, an N-type switch tube and a switch tube control circuit, wherein a first input pin of the first filter circuit is connected with a live line, and a second input pin of the first filter circuit is connected with a null line; the rectifier bridge is connected with the output side of the first filter circuit; the first voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the output side of the rectifier bridge; the normally open contact of the relay is connected between a domestic appliance and the null line; the electric energy input end of the N-type switch tube is connected to the direct current source through a coil of the relay; the electric energy output end of the N-type switch tube is grounded; the switch tube control circuit is connected with the control end of the N-type switch tube and the output side of the first voltage stabilizing circuit to be used for controlling the N-type switch tube to be switched off when detecting that the output voltage of the first voltage stabilizing circuit is higher than a preset value, and controlling the N-type switch tube to be switched on when detecting that the output voltage of the first voltage stabilizing circuit is not higher than a preset value. Therefore, the phenomenon that wrong wires of domestic appliances are connected by an electrician to cause overvoltage burndown is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric and electronic technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of overvoltage protection.
Background technology
Electrician, in the process of maintenance circuit, may cause overvoltage because wiring is made a fault, cause household electrical appliance large area to burn, cause immeasurable loss to the people's lives and property.Therefore, how to realize overvoltage protection, become electric power enterprise problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of overvoltage protection, to avoid household electrical appliance, because of electrician's wrong line, overvoltage is burnt.
A kind of overvoltage protection, comprises the first filter circuit, relay, rectifier bridge, the first voltage stabilizing circuit, DC source, N type switch tube and switch controlled circuit, wherein:
First input pin of described first filter circuit is started to exchange fire line, its second input pin connecting to neutral line;
Described rectifier bridge is connected to the outlet side of described first filter circuit;
Described first voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the outlet side of described rectifier bridge;
The normally opened contact of described relay is connected between household electrical appliance and described zero line;
The electrical energy inputs of described N type switch tube is connected to described DC source through the coil of described relay, the electric energy output end ground connection of described N type switch tube;
Described switch controlled circuit connects the control end of described N type switch tube and the outlet side of described first voltage stabilizing circuit respectively, for when the output voltage of described first voltage stabilizing circuit being detected higher than preset value, control the cut-off of described N type switch tube, otherwise, control described N type switch tube conducting.
Wherein, described switch controlled circuit comprises optocoupler, three ends shunt regulator diode able to programme, the first resistance, the second resistance, the 3rd resistance, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, RC absorbing circuit, the second voltage stabilizing circuit and the 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit, concrete:
Described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme has reference edge, negative electrode and anode three ports; Described reference edge connects the positive output end of described first voltage stabilizing circuit through described first resistance; The plus earth of described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme, connects described reference edge through described second resistance simultaneously; The negative electrode of described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme connects described reference edge through described RC absorbing circuit, connects the output of described DC source successively through described 6th resistance and described 5th resistance simultaneously;
The negative electrode of the light-emitting diode in described optocoupler connects the negative electrode of described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme, and the anode of described light-emitting diode connects the tie point of described 6th resistance and described 5th resistance;
The collector electrode of the photoreceptor in described optocoupler connects the output of described DC source, the grounded emitter of described photoreceptor through described 4th resistance;
The collector electrode of photoreceptor described in the control termination of described N type switch tube, simultaneously through described 3rd grounding through resistance;
Between the negative electrode Cathode that described second voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme and ground;
Described 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel on the 3rd resistance R3 two ends.
Wherein, described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme is TL431 model chip.
Alternatively, described switch controlled circuit also comprises the first diode, the first light-emitting diode and the 8th resistance, wherein:
The anode of described first light-emitting diode connects the output of described DC source through described 8th resistance, the negative electrode of described first light-emitting diode connects the collector electrode of described N type switch tube;
The negative electrode of described first diode connects the output of described DC source, and the anode of described first diode connects the collector electrode of described N type switch tube.
Wherein, described DC source comprises LNK304PN chip, the 9th resistance, the tenth resistance, the second diode, the 3rd diode, the first inductance, shunt capacitance, the 4th voltage stabilizing circuit and the 5th voltage stabilizing circuit, concrete:
The pin FB of described LNK304PN chip meets the pin S of described LNK304PN chip successively through described tenth resistance and described shunt capacitance, connect the negative electrode of described second diode through described 9th resistance simultaneously;
The pin D of described LNK304PN chip connects the positive output end of described first voltage stabilizing circuit;
The anode of described 3rd diode connects the negative output terminal of described first voltage stabilizing circuit, and the negative electrode of described 3rd diode meets described pin S;
Described first inductance is connected between the anode of described pin S and described second diode;
The anode of described second diode is the output of described DC source;
Described 4th voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the cathode side of the second diode D2;
Described 5th voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the anode-side of the second diode D2.
Alternatively, described DC source also comprises: the second light-emitting diode and the 11 resistance, wherein:
The minus earth of described second light-emitting diode, the anode of described second light-emitting diode connects the anode of described second diode through described 11 resistance.
Wherein, described first filter circuit comprises the second inductance, the 3rd inductance and filter capacitor, wherein:
Live wire described in first termination of described second inductance, an input of rectifier bridge described in its second termination;
Zero line described in first termination of described 3rd inductance, another input of rectifier bridge described in its second termination;
Described filter capacitor is connected between the first end of described second inductance and the first end of described 3rd inductance.
Alternatively, described overvoltage protection also comprises: the 12 resistance, and described 12 resistance is connected between described filter capacitor and described zero line.
Wherein, described N type switch tube is NPN type triode, N-type Darlington transistor or N-type MOSFET.
Alternatively, described overvoltage protection also comprises contactor, wherein: the coil of described contactor is connected between the normally opened contact of described relay and described live wire; The normally opened contact of described contactor is connected between described live wire and described household electrical appliance.
As can be seen from above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention, by after carrying out filtering, rectification and voltage stabilizing process to AC supply voltage, obtains corresponding direct voltage; Described direct voltage is not considered as overvoltage does not occur higher than preset value by switch controlled circuit, described direct voltage is considered as overvoltage occurs higher than described preset value, and accordingly difference control is carried out to N type switch tube, be specially: do not occurring in superpotential situation, the conducting of switch controlled control circui N type switch tube, electric to make the coil of relay obtain, normally opened contact closes, and household electrical appliance start normal work; Under over-voltage condition, then control N type switch tube cut-off, to make the coil no power of relay, normally opened contact disconnects, and household electrical appliance quit work, thus overvoltage is burnt because of electrician's wrong line to avoid household electrical appliance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of overvoltage protection structural representation disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention another overvoltage protection structural representation disclosed;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention another overvoltage protection structural representation disclosed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
See Fig. 1; the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of overvoltage protection; to avoid household electrical appliance, because of electrician's wrong line, overvoltage is burnt; comprise the first filter circuit 100, relay K F, rectifier bridge 200, first voltage stabilizing circuit 300, DC source 400, N type switch tube Q1 and switch controlled circuit 500, wherein:
First input pin of the first filter circuit 100 is started to exchange fire line L, its second input pin connecting to neutral line N;
Rectifier bridge 200 is connected to the outlet side of the first filter circuit 100;
First voltage stabilizing circuit 300 is connected to the outlet side of rectifier bridge 200;
The normally opened contact of relay K F is connected between household electrical appliance and zero line N;
The electrical energy inputs of N type switch tube Q1 is connected to DC source 400 through the coil of relay K F, the electric energy output end ground connection of N type switch tube Q1;
Switch controlled circuit 500 connects the control end of N type switch tube Q1 and the outlet side of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300 respectively, for when the output voltage of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300 being detected higher than preset value, control N type switch tube Q1 cut-off, otherwise, control N type switch tube Q1 conducting.
Household electricity is single-phase electricity, if careless electrician's wrong line make should a live wire, a zero line wiring be connected into two live wires and be connected together, AC supply voltage will be caused to become 380VAC from 220VAC, and the household electrical appliance causing major part to connect AC power be can't stand high pressure because hold and damage.In order to address this problem, present embodiment discloses overvoltage protection as above, its operation principle is:
AC supply voltage, successively after the voltage stabilizing of the filtering of the first filter circuit 100, the rectification of rectifier bridge 200 and the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300, obtains corresponding direct voltage; Described direct voltage is not considered as electric power system higher than preset value and overvoltage does not occur by switch controlled circuit 500, described direct voltage is considered as electric power system generation overvoltage higher than described preset value, and accordingly difference control is carried out to N type switch tube Q1, be specially: do not occurring in superpotential situation, switch controlled circuit 500 controls N type switch tube Q1 conducting, electric to make the coil of relay K F obtain, normally opened contact closes, and household electrical appliance start normal work; Under over-voltage condition, then control N type switch tube Q1 cut-off, to make the coil no power of relay K F, normally opened contact disconnects, and household electrical appliance quit work, thus achieve over-voltage protection function.
In theory, described preset value should be set as
but consider that household electrical appliance can both bear the overvoltage of certain amplitude usually, generally can reach 220 (1+10%)=242VAC, therefore can, according to actual conditions, by described default settings be
a certain value in scope (
for the rectified value of 220VAC,
rectified value for 242VAC).
Next, deep explanation is carried out to the structure of indivedual building blocks of described overvoltage protection and function:
1) about N type switch tube Q1
N type switch tube Q1 can adopt NPN type triode (Fig. 1 only with N type switch tube Q1 for NPN type triode exemplarily), N-type Darlington transistor or N-type MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET, mos field effect transistor).When N type switch tube Q1 adopts NPN type triode or N-type Darlington transistor, the control end of N type switch tube Q1 is base stage, and the electrical energy inputs of N type switch tube Q1 is collector electrode, and the electric energy output end of N type switch tube Q1 is emitter; When N type switch tube Q1 adopts N-type MOSFET, the control end of N type switch tube Q1 is grid, and the electrical energy inputs of N type switch tube Q1 is drain electrode, and the electric energy output end of N type switch tube Q1 is source electrode.
2) about switch controlled circuit 500
See Fig. 2, switch controlled circuit 500 comprises optocoupler IC1, three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme, the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, the 3rd resistance R3, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, RC absorbing circuit 501, second voltage stabilizing circuit and the 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein:
Three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme has reference edge Ref, negative electrode Cathode and anode A node tri-ports; Reference edge Ref meets the positive output end P+ of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300 through the first resistance R1; Anode A node ground connection, meets reference edge Ref through the second resistance R2 simultaneously; Negative electrode Cathode meets reference edge Ref through RC absorbing circuit 501, meets the output V+ of DC source 400 successively through the 6th resistance R6 and the 5th resistance R5 simultaneously;
The negative electrode of the light-emitting diode in optocoupler IC1 meets negative electrode Cathode, and the anode of described light-emitting diode connects the tie point of the 6th resistance R6 and the 5th resistance R5;
The collector electrode c of the photoreceptor in optocoupler IC1 meets the output V+ of DC source 400, the emitter e ground connection of described photoreceptor through the 4th resistance R4;
The collector electrode c of photoreceptor described in the control termination of N type switch tube Q1, simultaneously through the 3rd resistance R3 ground connection;
Described second voltage stabilizing circuit is connected between the negative electrode Cathode of three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme and the earth;
Described 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel on the 3rd resistance R3 two ends.
Wherein, the operating characteristic of three ends shunt regulator diode able to programme IC2 is: during the reference voltage of the voltage difference when between reference edge Ref and anode A node more than three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme, the anode A node of three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme and negative electrode Cathode conducting; When voltage difference when between reference edge Ref and anode A node is not higher than described reference voltage, three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme ends.The model of three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme is selected can be LMV431 model (reference voltage of LMV431 is 1.24V), also can be TL431 model (reference voltage of TL431 is 2.5V), but not limit to.
Wherein, optocoupler IC1 can adopt PC817 chip, but does not limit to.
Wherein, RC absorption circuit 501 can adopt the cascaded structure of the 7th resistance R7 and electric capacity C1; the surge current that this cascaded structure discharges when conducting is switched to cut-off state for absorbing three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme, the sensitive electronics in protection switch pipe control circuit 500 is interference-free.
Below, the operation principle of switch controlled circuit 500 is introduced in detail:
First, according to the principle of " when P+ equals preset value, the partial pressure value of the second resistance R2 equals the reference voltage of three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme ", the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2 is rationally set at P
+and the voltage ratio between the earth;
Partial pressure value due to the first resistance R1 just equals the voltage difference between reference edge Ref and anode A node, therefore, when P+ is not higher than described preset value, voltage difference between description references end Ref and anode A node is not higher than reference voltage, three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme ends, light-emitting diode no power now in optocoupler IC1 also would not emit beam, photoreceptor in optocoupler IC1 does not receive emitter e and the collector electrode c conducting that light also just can not make self, now the 3rd resistance R3 obtains dividing potential drop, positive bias can be provided for the control end of N type switch tube Q1, make N type switch tube Q1 conducting,
When P+ is higher than described preset value; conducting between the negative electrode Cathode of three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme and anode A node; light-emitting diode in optocoupler IC1 obtains electric and emits beam; self emitter e and collector electrode c conducting is made after photoreceptor reception light in optocoupler IC1; now the 3rd resistance R3 is shorted; can not provide positive bias for the control end of N type switch tube Q1, therefore N type switch tube Q1 cut-off, achieves over-voltage protection function.
The function of the 4th resistance R4 in switch controlled circuit 500, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, described second voltage stabilizing circuit and described 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit is as follows:
4th resistance R4 is divider resistance, by regulating the voltage ratio of the 4th resistance R4 and the 3rd resistance R3, can ensure that the control end of N type switch tube Q1 during emitter e and the collector electrode c conducting of optocoupler IC1 can obtain sizeable positive bias;
5th resistance R5 is current-limiting resistance, can not damage during in order to ensure the light-emitting diode energising in optocoupler IC1 because of overcurrent;
6th resistance R6 is used for playing dividing potential drop effect when emitter e and collector electrode c conducting, prevents three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme excessive pressure damages;
Described second voltage stabilizing circuit, for stablizing the negative electrode Cathode voltage of three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme, specifically can adopt electric capacity E1 as shown in Figure 2 to realize;
Described 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit is used for stablizing the 3rd resistance R3 both end voltage, thus makes the control end of N type switch tube Q1 obtain stable positive bias.Described 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit specifically can adopt electric capacity E2 as shown in Figure 2 to realize.
Optionally, still see Fig. 2, switch controlled circuit 500 also comprises: the second filter circuit being connected in parallel on the 3rd resistance R3 two ends, carries out filtering for the positive bias obtained the control end of N type switch tube Q1.Described second filter circuit can adopt electric capacity C2 as shown in Figure 2.
Optionally, still see Fig. 2, switch controlled circuit 500 also comprises the first diode D1, the first LED 1 and the 8th resistance R8, wherein: the anode of the first LED 1 meets the output V+ of DC source 400 through the 8th resistance R8, the negative electrode of the first LED 1 meets the collector electrode c of N type switch tube Q1; The negative electrode of the first diode D1 meets the output V+ of DC source 400, and the anode of the first diode D1 meets the collector electrode c of N type switch tube Q1.
When N type switch tube Q1 conducting, the first LED 1 is luminous, and when N type switch tube Q1 ends, the first LED 1 is not luminous, whether conveniently can monitor the overvoltage of electric power system accordingly; 8th resistance R8 is current-limiting resistance, for preventing the first LED 1 overcurrent damage; First diode D1 is fly-wheel diode, for causing the reverse potential produced during the coil losing electricity of relay K F to discharge by because of DC source 400 power-off.
3) about DC source 400
See Fig. 2, DC source 400 comprises LNK304PN chip IC 3, the 9th resistance R9, the tenth resistance R10, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, the first inductance L 1, shunt capacitance C3, the 4th voltage stabilizing circuit and the 5th voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein:
The pin FB of LNK304PN chip IC 3 meets the pin S of LNK304PN chip IC 3 successively through the tenth resistance R10 and shunt capacitance C3, connect the negative electrode of the second diode D2 through the 9th resistance R9 simultaneously;
The pin D of LNK304PN chip IC 3 connects the positive output end of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300;
The anode of the 3rd diode D3 connects the negative output terminal of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300, and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode D3 meets pin S;
First inductance L 1 is connected between the anode of pin S and the second diode D2;
The anode of the second diode D2 is the output V+ of DC source 400;
Described 4th voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the cathode side of the second diode D2;
Described 5th voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the anode-side of the second diode D2.
LNK304PN chip is a kind of model the most frequently used in LinkSwitch-TN series single-chip switching power supply special chip, as shown in Figure 2, LNK304PN model chip has 8 pins, wherein: the 6th pin is not drawn, 5th pin D is that inner MOSFET drains, and provides operating current for inside; 1st, 2,7,8 pin S are inner MOSFET source, are again with reference to ground simultaneously; 3rd pin BP is the link of inner 6.3V power supply and external bypass capacitors C3; 6th pin FB is feedback end, and its voltage value constant is 1.65V.
The operation principle of DC source 400 is: pin S is through the 3rd diode D3 ground connection, ignore the pressure drop of the 3rd diode D3, using pin S as reference ground, then output voltage V+=1.65/R10* (R9+R10)+VD2, the VD2 of DC source 400 are the pressure drop of the second diode D2.By regulating the resistance size of the 9th resistance R9, the tenth resistance R10, can adjust the size of V+.The effect of the first inductance L 1 is anti-ripple, and the 3rd diode D3 is used for discharging afterflow for the first inductance L 1 when grid cut-off.
Shunt capacitance C3 act as high frequency decoupling and energy storage use.
Described 4th voltage stabilizing circuit, for stablizing the cathode voltage of the second diode D2, specifically can adopt electric capacity E3 as shown in Figure 2 to realize.
Described 5th voltage stabilizing circuit is used for the output voltage V+ in stable DC source 200, and electric capacity E4 as shown in Figure 2 specifically can be adopted to realize.
Alternatively, DC source 400 also comprises the second LED the 2 and the 11 resistance R11, and wherein: the minus earth of the second LED 2, the anode of the second LED 2 connects the anode of the second diode D2 through the 11 resistance R11.When grid cut-off, the second LED 2 is not luminous, conveniently whether can monitor grid cut-off accordingly.11 resistance R11 is current-limiting resistance, for preventing the second LED 2 overcurrent damage.
Alternatively, DC source 400 also comprises: the 3rd filter circuit being connected to the output V+ of DC source 200, for carrying out filtering process to the output voltage V+ of DC source 200.Described 3rd filter circuit can adopt electric capacity C4 as shown in Figure 2.
Certainly, in addition, DC source 400 also can be an independently power module, as batteries etc.
4) about the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300
First voltage stabilizing circuit 300 can adopt an electric capacity, also can adopt the form of multiple capacitances in series, and the object of series connection is to reduce capacitance partial pressure.Consider that the voltage stabilizing value of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300 is comparatively large, therefore in the present embodiment, adopt the cascaded structure of electric capacity E5 as indicated with 2 and electric capacity E6 to realize.
Certainly, except the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300, other voltage stabilizing circuits in the present embodiment also can adopt an electric capacity, or can adopt the form of multiple capacitances in series, the object of series connection is to reduce capacitance partial pressure, and Fig. 2 only there is provided a kind of example wherein.
5) about the first filter circuit 100
First filter circuit 100 can adopt LC filter circuit, comprises the second inductance L 2, the 3rd inductance L 3 and filter capacitor C6, wherein:
The first end of the second inductance L 2 is started to exchange fire an input of line L, its second termination rectifier bridge 200;
First terminal connecting zero line N of the 3rd inductance L 3, another input of its second termination rectifier bridge 200;
Filter capacitor C6 is connected between the first end of the second inductance L 2 and the first end of the 3rd inductance L 3.
In the present embodiment, electric capacity C1 ~ C5 selects ceramic disc capacitor, and electric capacity E1 ~ E6 selects electrochemical capacitor, and filter capacitor C6 selects safety electric capacity.
6) other optional building blocks
Alternatively, described overvoltage protection also comprises: the 4th filter circuit being connected to the outlet side of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300, for carrying out filtering process to the output voltage of the first voltage stabilizing circuit 300.Described 4th filter circuit can adopt electric capacity C5.
Alternatively, described overvoltage protection also comprises the 12 resistance R12; 12 resistance R12 is connected between filter capacitor C6 and zero line N.The initial time of electrical network is connected at described overvoltage protection; filter capacitor C6 is equivalent to short circuit; if the energy that electric capacity E5 ~ E6 discharges directly flows to zero line N through rectifier bridge 200, first filter circuit 100, will short circuit be formed, therefore be necessary to arrange the 12 resistance R12 to prevent short circuit.12 resistance R12 can adopt thermistor, but does not limit to.
Alternatively, described overvoltage protection also comprises: be serially connected in the protective tube FUSE1 on live wire L, and when circuit is short-circuited fault, protective tube FUSE1 is point terminal circuit by fusing instantaneously, plays a protective role.
Alternatively, see Fig. 3, described overvoltage protection also comprises contactor KM, wherein: the coil of contactor KM is connected between the normally opened contact of relay K F and live wire L; The normally opened contact of contactor KM is connected between live wire L and described household electrical appliance.Because relay K M nominal load is less, be generally tens Amps, therefore the present embodiment controls to have the contactor KF of more heavy load as signal by relay K F, and to expand the scope of application of this product, its control procedure is as follows:
When the normally opened contact of relay K F closes, the coil of contactor KM obtains electric, and the normally opened contact of contactor KM closes, and household electrical appliance start normal work; After the normally opened contact disconnection of relay K F, the coil losing electricity of contactor KM, the normally opened contact of contactor KM disconnects, and household electrical appliance quit work.
In sum, the present invention, by after carrying out filtering, rectification and voltage stabilizing process to AC supply voltage, obtains corresponding direct voltage; Described direct voltage is not considered as overvoltage does not occur higher than preset value by switch controlled circuit, described direct voltage is considered as overvoltage occurs higher than described preset value, and accordingly difference control is carried out to N type switch tube, be specially: do not occurring in superpotential situation, the conducting of switch controlled control circui N type switch tube, electric to make the coil of relay obtain, normally opened contact closes, and household electrical appliance start normal work; Under over-voltage condition, then control N type switch tube cut-off, to make the coil no power of relay, normally opened contact disconnects, and household electrical appliance quit work, thus overvoltage is burnt because of electrician's wrong line to avoid household electrical appliance.
In this specification, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually see.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein when not departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiment of the present invention, can realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. an overvoltage protection, is characterized in that, comprises the first filter circuit, relay, rectifier bridge, the first voltage stabilizing circuit, DC source, N type switch tube and switch controlled circuit, wherein:
First input pin of described first filter circuit is started to exchange fire line, its second input pin connecting to neutral line;
Described rectifier bridge is connected to the outlet side of described first filter circuit;
Described first voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the outlet side of described rectifier bridge;
The normally opened contact of described relay is connected between household electrical appliance and described zero line;
The electrical energy inputs of described N type switch tube is connected to described DC source through the coil of described relay, the electric energy output end ground connection of described N type switch tube;
Described switch controlled circuit connects the control end of described N type switch tube and the outlet side of described first voltage stabilizing circuit respectively, for when the output voltage of described first voltage stabilizing circuit being detected higher than preset value, control the cut-off of described N type switch tube, otherwise, control described N type switch tube conducting.
2. overvoltage protection according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described switch controlled circuit comprises optocoupler, three ends shunt regulator diode able to programme, the first resistance, the second resistance, the 3rd resistance, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, RC absorbing circuit, the second voltage stabilizing circuit and the 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein:
Described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme has reference edge, negative electrode and anode three ports; Described reference edge connects the positive output end of described first voltage stabilizing circuit through described first resistance; The plus earth of described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme, connects described reference edge through described second resistance simultaneously; The negative electrode of described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme connects described reference edge through described RC absorbing circuit, connects the output of described DC source successively through described 6th resistance and described 5th resistance simultaneously;
The negative electrode of the light-emitting diode in described optocoupler connects the negative electrode of described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme, and the anode of described light-emitting diode connects the tie point of described 6th resistance and described 5th resistance;
The collector electrode of the photoreceptor in described optocoupler connects the output of described DC source, the grounded emitter of described photoreceptor through described 4th resistance;
The collector electrode of photoreceptor described in the control termination of described N type switch tube, simultaneously through described 3rd grounding through resistance;
Between the negative electrode Cathode that described second voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to three ends shunt regulator diode IC2 able to programme and ground;
Described 3rd voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel on the 3rd resistance R3 two ends.
3. overvoltage protection according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described three end shunt regulator diode able to programme is TL431 model chip.
4. the overvoltage protection according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, described switch controlled circuit also comprises the first diode, the first light-emitting diode and the 8th resistance, wherein:
The anode of described first light-emitting diode connects the output of described DC source through described 8th resistance, the negative electrode of described first light-emitting diode connects the collector electrode of described N type switch tube;
The negative electrode of described first diode connects the output of described DC source, and the anode of described first diode connects the collector electrode of described N type switch tube.
5. overvoltage protection according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described DC source comprises LNK304PN chip, the 9th resistance, the tenth resistance, the second diode, the 3rd diode, the first inductance, shunt capacitance, the 4th voltage stabilizing circuit and the 5th voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein:
The pin FB of described LNK304PN chip meets the pin S of described LNK304PN chip successively through described tenth resistance and described shunt capacitance, connect the negative electrode of described second diode through described 9th resistance simultaneously;
The pin D of described LNK304PN chip connects the positive output end of described first voltage stabilizing circuit;
The anode of described 3rd diode connects the negative output terminal of described first voltage stabilizing circuit, and the negative electrode of described 3rd diode meets described pin S;
Described first inductance is connected between the anode of described pin S and described second diode;
The anode of described second diode is the output of described DC source;
Described 4th voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the cathode side of the second diode D2;
Described 5th voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the anode-side of the second diode D2.
6. overvoltage protection according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described DC source also comprises: the second light-emitting diode and the 11 resistance, wherein:
The minus earth of described second light-emitting diode, the anode of described second light-emitting diode connects the anode of described second diode through described 11 resistance.
7. overvoltage protection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first filter circuit comprises the second inductance, the 3rd inductance and filter capacitor, wherein:
Live wire described in first termination of described second inductance, an input of rectifier bridge described in its second termination;
Zero line described in first termination of described 3rd inductance, another input of rectifier bridge described in its second termination;
Described filter capacitor is connected between the first end of described second inductance and the first end of described 3rd inductance.
8. overvoltage protection according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described overvoltage protection also comprises: the 12 resistance, and described 12 resistance is connected between described filter capacitor and described zero line.
9. overvoltage protection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described N type switch tube is NPN type triode, N-type Darlington transistor or N-type MOSFET.
10. overvoltage protection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described overvoltage protection also comprises contactor, wherein: the coil of described contactor is connected between the normally opened contact of described relay and described live wire; The normally opened contact of described contactor is connected between described live wire and described household electrical appliance.
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| CN201510459110.9A CN104953541B (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2015-07-29 | A kind of overvoltage protection |
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| CN104953541B (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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Address after: 510000 No.1 by helongsha villager group, Shengli village, Lishui Town, Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Guangdong Kaili HVAC Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 No.1 by helongsha villager group, Shengli village, Lishui Town, Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: GUANGDONG CHIGO HEATING AND VENTILATION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. |