CN104950012A - Integrated adjustable automatic soil longitudinal water recording instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated adjustable automatic soil longitudinal water recording instrument which comprises a sealing shell, wherein an electronic element and a measuring assembly are arranged in the shell; the electronic element comprises a communication interface, a power supply and a mainboard; the mainboard comprises a controller and a storing device; the measuring assembly comprises an installation framework; a plurality of pairs of electrodes are arranged on the installation framework; the electrodes can slide along the installation framework; a limiting device is also arranged on the installation framework; each pair of electrodes is in data connection with the mainboard by a flexible cable; data output by the electrodes are transferred into the controller; the controller transfers the data into the storing device for storing; the power supply is used for powering the electronic element; the communication interface is connected with the controller. According to the instrument, an integrated design is adopted, the power supply, the mainboard and the communication part are packaged in the shell; the data can be recorded and stored for a long time; meanwhile, the measuring depths of different soil layers can be adjusted according to needs, so that the monitoring requirements of users on water at the different soil layers can be met.

Description

Integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil moisture measuring devices, and in particular relates to an automatic longitudinal soil moisture recorder.

Background technique

Soil moisture is the water that exists in the soil voids or adsorbed on the soil particles. It is distributed in the soil layer from below the ground surface to above the water table. It is an important material component of the soil and an important factor affecting soil fertility. Important material basis and ecological environment factors for growth and development. Soil moisture is a key link in the natural conveyor belt chain of water cycle in the earth's environment, an important carrier of material cycle and energy transfer in the earth's environment, and an important part of natural water resources. The composition and quantity of soil moisture are closely related to the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil and their physical, chemical and biological processes. As an important part of the water cycle and one of the important carriers and media of the geochemical cycle, soil moisture is also an important content in the research of geochemistry, geology and mineral resources, plant nutrition and moisture. Soil moisture research is an important aspect in soil science, environmental science, ecology, hydrology, geology, geography, agronomy and other disciplines, and the collection of soil moisture is the basis of soil moisture research.

Soil moisture is in the soil gap below the ground, which is not as convenient as the natural water bodies of rivers and lakes. There are many ways to measure soil moisture content: traditional methods include drying weighing method, neutron meter method, and heat dispersion sensing method. Water content; the most commonly used new methods at present are time domain reflectometer (TDR) method, tensiometer method, simplified resistance block method, dry hygrometer method, far infrared remote sensing method, high frequency capacitive sensing method, gamma ray attenuation method, Hygrometer method, electromagnetic technology, etc.

In the Chinese invention patent with the application number 201110036902.7, a soil moisture measuring device is disclosed, which is composed of a cathode, an anode, a wire, and a resistor. The cathode, the anode group located in the soil, and the resistor are connected in series through the wire to form a loop to measure the anode. The voltage value between the group and the cathode is used to calculate the moisture content. This is also the typical structure of the more common soil moisture measuring devices at present. We know that the moisture content of soil varies greatly at different depths, and the soil moisture measuring device in the above-mentioned patent is to bury the measuring device in a certain depth for measurement, so it can only measure the moisture content value at a fixed depth at a time. When it is necessary to measure the soil moisture content at different depths, multiple multi-point buried measurements are required, which is inefficient and cumbersome. In addition, due to the need for data collection, most of the current soil moisture measurement devices have a communication main board and are powered by solar cells. The communication main board is connected to an external antenna and other communication equipment for real-time data transmission. All are susceptible to environmental impact or man-made damage, which leads to a substantial increase in maintenance costs; and because the existing soil moisture measurement device does not store data, when the power transmission function is destroyed, it is easy to cause serious consequences of data loss .

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses an automatic recorder for simultaneously measuring underground multi-layer soil moisture, which adopts an integrated design, and encapsulates the power supply, main board, and communication components in the casing, and records and stores the data; at the same time, The measurement depth of different soil layers can also be adjusted according to needs, which greatly increases the scope of application of the recorder.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder, comprising a casing, the casing is provided with electronic components and measurement components, the electronic components include a communication interface, a power supply, a main board, and the main board includes a controller, a memory , the measuring assembly includes a mounting frame, the mounting frame is provided with several pairs of electrodes, the electrodes can slide along the mounting frame, the mounting frame is also provided with a limiting device, and each pair of electrodes can be connected to the main board through a flexible cable. A data connection is formed, the data output by the electrodes is transmitted to the controller, the controller transmits the data to the memory for storage, the power supply is used to supply power for electronic components, and the communication interface is connected to the controller.

Further, it also includes a sensor printed board, a cable and a cable socket, the electrodes are connected to the sensor printed board through a flexible cable, the sensor printed board is connected to the cable pin, the cable is connected to the cable socket, the The cable pins are used to plug into the cable sockets.

Further, the limiting device includes elastic protrusions.

Further, the power source includes a dry battery pack.

Further, the electrodes are circular.

Further, a cylinder cap is provided on the top of the housing. Further, a waterproof plug is provided at the bottom of the housing.

Further, the shell is made of non-metallic material.

Further, a communication module is also included, and the communication interface is connected with the controller through the communication module.

Further, the communication interface includes at least one of an antenna, an aviation socket, a USB interface, a 454 interface, a radio frequency module, and a Bluetooth module.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The automatic longitudinal soil moisture recorder provided by the present invention can realize continuous observation of multi-layer soil moisture, accurately record the change law of moisture in different soil layers, perform precise irrigation on the water demanded by crops, and realize agricultural water-saving irrigation; the number of monitoring layers can be adjusted according to user needs Customized, flexible and convenient to adjust, meet the user's monitoring needs for different soil layer moisture, improve the monitoring accuracy of soil longitudinal moisture distribution, and adapt to a wide range; Long-term work under the condition of external power supply, realize long-term automatic recording of soil moisture, especially suitable for long-term moisture monitoring in the field.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment state of the electrodes on the mounting frame;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another adjustment state of the electrodes on the mounting frame;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of connection of electronic components in the casing.

List of reference signs:

1-shell, 2-tube cap, 3-waterproof plug, 4-communication interface, 5-power supply, 6-communication module, 7-main board, 8-flat cable, 9-sensor printed board, 10-skeleton, 11 - electrode, 12 - elastic protrusion, 13 - flexible cable, 14 - flat cable socket.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer ” refer to directions towards or away from the geometric center of a particular part, respectively.

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the housing 1 of the integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder as shown in the figure is made of non-metallic composite material, and the housing 1 is preferably integrally formed, with no gaps on the side and a The cylinder cap 2 made of non-metallic composite material is provided with a rubber waterproof plug 3 at the bottom, and all components are encapsulated in the shell 1, which is sealed and waterproof. The interior of the moisture automatic recorder mainly includes electronic components and measurement components. Most of the electronic components are located in the upper half of the casing 1, specifically including the communication interface 4, power supply 5, communication module 6, and main board 7. The electronic components are connected The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 4, the main board 7 is connected to the communication module and the power supply 5 respectively, the communication module 6 is connected to the communication interface 4, and the main board 7 is also connected to the sensor printed board 9 through the communication line (communication line adopts flat cable 8 in the present invention) connection, the sensor printed board 9 is used to transfer the data collected by the measurement components, and the main board 7 is used to process the received electrode signal, convert it into moisture value and save it, and the value before conversion should also be used as the original value save. Mainboard 7 includes core controller, memory, and conventional signal processing components such as A/D conversion chips, amplifiers, and filters as required. Mainboard 7 adopts large-capacity memory, which can store data for a long time. Core controller is used for Data is processed and calculated, and the rest of the electronic components are connected to the core controller. The communication interface 4 referred to in the present invention includes various direct external communication components under conventional long-distance, short-distance, wired or wireless modes, such as antenna, aviation socket, USB interface, 454 interface, etc., radio frequency module, bluetooth module, etc. , the communication interface 4 of the present invention can have multiple communication components at the same time. Sometimes these communication interfaces 4 are integrated with a communication module 6 , or a communication module 6 is integrated with the main board 7 , and the communication interface 4 is directly connected with the main board 7 in the above two cases. In the present invention, the GPRS DTU module is adopted as the communication module 6, and the communication interface 4 adopts the GPRS antenna, and the GPRS antenna and the GPRS DTU module cooperate to be used for long-distance transmission of data output by the recorder or receiving signals from the control center. The GPRS antenna is located on the top of the shell 1 and under the cap 2 to ensure good communication conditions. In the present invention, the aerial socket is used for short-distance wired transmission, and the aerial socket is adjacent to the bottom of the tube cap 2, and the socket can be connected for data transmission by opening the tube cap 2. In the present invention, the power supply 5 of the recorder is powered by a dry battery pack. In FIG. 1, the dry battery pack is located below the communication interface 4 at the top of the housing 1 to avoid damage caused by exposure to the outside and is easy to replace.

The measuring assembly is located in the lower part of the housing 1. The measuring assembly includes a mounting frame 10 made of non-metallic material and electrodes 11 arranged on the mounting frame 10. The electrodes 11 are arranged in pairs, and several pairs of electrodes 11 are arranged vertically on the frame 10. These electrodes 11 can slide up and down on the skeleton 10. Among the present invention, the electrodes 11 are ring-shaped, and the middle part is provided with a through hole. The skeleton 10 runs through each electrode 11 through hole. The protrusion 12 can be sunken by applying force. When no external force is applied, the elastic protrusion 12 remains in a protruding state, which can limit the position of the adjacent electrode 11. The elastic protrusion 12 is only an example. Personnel can also use other components capable of limiting the position—such as a slot buckle, etc., to replace the elastic protrusion 12 . When the measuring components of the moisture recorder are partially buried in the soil, each pair of electrodes 11 is located in different depths of the soil, and a pair of electrodes 11 is used to measure the soil moisture value at a certain depth (the principle of using the electrodes 11 to measure the moisture value is that the electrodes 11 A voltage difference can be generated between them, and the moisture value can be obtained after calculation by a fixed formula, which belongs to the prior art, and the relevant principles of moisture measurement will not be described in detail in the present invention). A sensor printed board 9 is longitudinally fixed on the skeleton 10, and each pair of electrodes 11 is connected to the sensor printed board 9 through a flexible cable 13. The advantage of connecting the electrodes 11 is that the transmission and collection of signals will not be affected when the position of the electrodes 11 is slid. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, taking the uppermost pair of electrodes 11 in the figure as an example, the first electrode 111A and the second electrode 111A' are respectively connected to the sensor printed board 9 through a flexible cable 13, and the remaining electrodes 11 For the connection method, refer to the connection method of the aforementioned first pair of electrodes 11 . A flat cable 8 and several flat cable sockets 14 connected to the flat cable 8 are longitudinally arranged on the mounting frame 10. The sensor printed board 9 has flat cable pins, and the flat cable pins are inserted into the corresponding flat cable sockets 14. In this way, the connection between the sensor printed board 9 and the flat cable 8 can be realized. The sensor printed board 9 is used as a signal transfer component, capable of transmitting the electrical signals collected by each pair of electrodes 11 to the flat cable. The flat cable is connected to the main board 7, and the signals output by each electrode 11 are transmitted to the main board 7. The cable socket insertion method adopted in the present invention can quickly connect the sensor printed board 9 to the main board 7, which is convenient for position adjustment and easy installation. The cable transmission method is relatively stable, and we can also use other wired or wireless data connection methods to transmit the signal output by the electrode 11 to the main board 7 .

The housing 1 is cylindrical as a whole, and its size can be adapted to the shape of the internal components. For example, the diameter of the upper half of the electronic components needs to be accommodated can be larger, while the diameter of the lower half of the measuring components is smaller (the lower half is Slightly smaller cylinder), adapt to the size of the skeleton 10 and its upper electrode 11.

Using this automatic moisture recorder can continuously monitor the moisture of soil layers at different depths vertically downward from the soil surface. The number of monitoring layers can be customized according to user needs to realize continuous observation of multi-layer soil moisture. It can adapt to the actual needs of soil layers with different distances, and the number of electrodes 11 can also be increased or decreased as required. As shown in Figure 2, when it is necessary to monitor the soil moisture in the 5 cm soil layer, the position of the slidable electrodes 11 can be adjusted to a distance of 5 cm between each pair of electrodes 11. When descending and sliding to the required position, the elastic projection 12 beside it can help limit the position and fix the position of the electrode 11. When it is necessary to adjust the monitoring of soil moisture to the 10 cm soil layer, the position of the slidable electrodes 11 can be adjusted to 10 cm between each pair of electrodes 11. Before sliding, it is necessary to resist the elastic protrusion 12 to make it fall, and slide to When the position is needed, the elastic protrusion 12 next to it can help limit the position and fix the position of the electrode 11. In Figure 3, the position of the upper electrode 11 in each pair of electrodes 11 remains unchanged, and the lower electrode 11 can be slid down. Realize position adjustment. Even in a measurement process, the monitoring intervals of the upper and lower soil layers can be set to be different, and these can be realized by adjusting the position of each pair of electrodes 11 and the distance between them. The data acquired by each pair of electrodes 11 is transmitted to the core controller of the main board 7 through the sensor printed board 9 and the flat cable 8, and finally stored in a large-capacity memory. When it is necessary to obtain data regularly, open the cylinder cap 2 on the top of the housing 1 and connect to the memory through the communication interface 4 to obtain data.

The technical means disclosed in the solutions of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder, characterized in that: it comprises a casing, and electronic components and measuring components are arranged in the casing, and the electronic components include a communication interface, a power supply, a main board, and the The main board includes a controller and a memory, and the measurement component includes a mounting frame, on which several pairs of electrodes are arranged, and the electrodes can slide along the mounting frame, and a limiting device is also provided on the mounting frame, and each pair of electrodes is A data connection can be formed with the main board through a flexible cable, the data output by the electrodes is transmitted to the controller, the controller transmits the data to the memory for storage, the power supply is used to supply power for electronic components, and the communication interface and The controller is connected. 2. The integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a sensor printed board, a cable and a cable socket, the electrodes are connected to the sensor printed board by a flexible cable, and the The sensor printed board is connected with the cable socket, the cable is connected with the cable socket, and the cable socket is used for inserting into the cable socket. 3. The integrated and adjustable automatic longitudinal soil moisture recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the limiting device includes elastic protrusions. 4. The integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the power supply includes a dry battery pack. 5. The integrated and adjustable automatic longitudinal soil moisture recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the electrodes are circular. 6. The integrated and adjustable automatic soil moisture recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the top of the housing is provided with a cylinder cap. 7. The integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the bottom of the casing is provided with a waterproof plug. 8. The integrated and adjustable automatic longitudinal soil moisture recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the casing is made of non-metallic materials. 9. The integrated and adjustable automatic longitudinal soil moisture recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises a communication module, and the communication interface is connected to the controller through the communication module. 10. The integrated adjustable soil longitudinal moisture automatic recorder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the communication interface includes at least one of an antenna, an aviation socket, a USB interface, a 454 interface, a radio frequency module, and a bluetooth module A sort of.