CN104941812A - Micro-fine particle material friction electric separation method and device adopting lateral negative pressure adsorption - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for triboelectric separation of fine-grained materials adsorbed by lateral negative pressure. When the fine-grained materials pass through a friction charger under the action of airflow, friction and collision will occur between particles of different components, thereby carrying polarity. Charges with different electric quantities are sprayed into the high-voltage electrostatic field; heterosexually charged materials enter the high-voltage electrostatic field and are affected by different electric field forces. At the same time, the pipeline connected to both sides of the high-voltage electrostatic field is sucked, so that a negative pressure chamber is formed between the perforated baffle in the high-voltage electrostatic field and the electrode plates on both sides. The deflection enters the negative pressure chamber to realize the rapid separation of materials.

Description

Method and device for triboelectric separation of fine-grained materials by lateral negative pressure adsorption

technical field

The invention relates to a triboelectric separation method and device for fine-grained materials adsorbed by lateral negative pressure. In order to realize the rapid and efficient separation of heterosexually charged particles in a high-voltage electrostatic field, it belongs to the fields of mineral processing engineering and agricultural engineering, and is mainly used for complex mineral components. It can also be used in the separation process of agricultural products and impurities.

Background technique

Triboelectric separation technology can be used for the physical separation of multi-component particles of fine-grained materials. After the fine-grained material particles are charged by friction and collision, different components carry charges with different polarities and different electric quantities. In the high-voltage electrostatic field, the charged materials are deflected and separated from each other under the action of the electric field force. The charged particles enter the high-voltage electric field under the airflow, and are strongly affected by the gas force. However, the distance between the electrode plates in the high-voltage electrostatic field is relatively large, so that the charged particles cannot be deflected and separated in time, and the separation efficiency is reduced. This is especially noticeable for particles with relatively small charges. Moreover, in the high-voltage electrostatic field, the oppositely charged particles cannot achieve motion deflection and separation according to the ideal situation, mainly because there is mutual friction, collision and contact between the charged particles, particles and the wall surface, resulting in the transfer or neutralization of the surface charges of the particles. It affects the direction of movement and separation process of charged particles.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a triboelectric separation method and device for fine-grained materials with lateral negative pressure adsorption, which can make the charged particles receive negative pressure adsorption in the same direction as the electric field force during the movement process of the high-voltage electric field Force, so as to realize the rapid and efficient separation of oppositely charged materials.

The present invention is obtained through the following technical scheme: a method for triboelectric separation of fine-grained materials by lateral negative pressure adsorption, comprising the following steps: when the fine-grained materials pass through the friction charger under the action of air flow, the particles of different components Friction and collision effects are generated, thereby carrying charges with different polarities and unequal electric quantities, and are sprayed into the high-voltage electrostatic field; heterosexually charged materials enter the high-voltage electrostatic field and are affected by different electric field forces, and the charged materials move toward the electric field of opposite polarity. The direction is offset, and because the Roots blower sucks the pipes connected to the two sides of the high-voltage electrostatic field when supplying air, a negative pressure chamber is formed between the perforated baffle in the high-voltage electrostatic field and the electrode plates on both sides. Under the action of adsorption, the moving direction of opposite charged particles is quickly deflected into the negative pressure chamber to realize the rapid separation of materials; in the negative pressure chamber, the charged materials with larger particle size fall into the receiver, and the smaller particle size passes through the negative pressure chamber. The pipe enters the cyclone separator and is separated and collected, and the material that does not enter the negative pressure chamber is discharged from the bottom of the high-voltage electrostatic field.

A triboelectric separation device for fine-grained materials with lateral negative pressure adsorption, including a Roots blower, a feeding device sequentially connected to the Roots blower, a friction charger and a high-voltage electrostatic field, and a voltage regulator connected to the high-voltage electrostatic field and high-voltage power supply; the high-voltage electrostatic field includes an insulating shell, and the top and bottom centers of the shell are respectively equipped with a feed inlet and a discharge port, and the two sides of the shell are connected with electrode plates, and the bottom of the two electrode plates is respectively equipped with a material receiver. ; There are two perforated baffles parallel to the electrode plate inside the shell, a negative pressure chamber is formed between the baffles and the electrode plate, and a material falling channel connecting the discharge port and the feed port is formed between the two baffles; Dust filters are connected to both sides of the field, the outer end of the dust filter is connected to a negative pressure pipe, the other end of the negative pressure pipe is connected to a cyclone dust collector, and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the suction port of the Roots blower.

The baffle is processed with multiple rectangular through holes at equal intervals along its height direction, and the two ends of the through holes are semicircular.

The baffle is made of plexiglass material.

The inner end of the dust filter protrudes from the electrode plate.

The baffle is connected with the top port of the receiver through an inclined support plate.

The discharge port of the high-voltage electrostatic field is connected with the conveying pipeline.

A valve is installed on the negative pressure pipe for adjusting the pressure of the negative pressure chamber.

The feeding device includes a vibrating feeder and a hopper. The outlet of the vibrating feeder is located above the hopper, and the material is continuously fed to the friction charger through the hopper.

The air outlet of the Roots blower is provided with a rotameter.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the microfine material enters the high-voltage electrostatic field after being frictionally charged, and due to the negative pressure adsorption effect on the side of the baffle plate, the charged particles are also subjected to the negative pressure adsorption in the same direction as the electric field force while being acted on by the electric field force The action of force helps the motion deflection of oppositely charged particles, reduces the probability of frictional collision between charged particles, and reduces the time of mutual contact, thus realizing the efficient separation of fine-grained materials by triboelectric separation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a triboelectric separation device for fine-grained materials adsorbed by lateral negative pressure in the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the baffle structure.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of electrode plates and dust filters.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3 .

The marks of the components in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. Roots blower, 2. Rotameter, 3. Feeder hopper, 4. Vibrating feeder, 5. Friction charger, 6. Receiver, 7. Inclined support plate , 8. Baffle plate, 9. Dust filter, 10. Control valve, 11. Electrode plate, 12. Screw, 13. Control valve, 14. Cyclone separator, 15. Voltage regulator, 16. High voltage power supply.

Detailed ways

The triboelectric separation method of fine-grained materials adsorbed by lateral negative pressure: under the condition of power on, the fine-grained particles enter the hopper 3 evenly through the vibrating feeder 4, and fall into the conveying pipeline under the action of their own weight; the Roots blower 1 works to generate airflow, and the fine When the granular material passes through the friction charger 5, friction and collision will occur between the particles of different components, thus carrying charges with different polarities and electric power, and sprayed into the high-voltage electrostatic field; heterosexually charged materials enter the high-voltage electrostatic field Affected by different electric field forces, the charged materials are shifted to the direction of the electric field with opposite polarity, while the materials with a small amount of charge or no charge fall down; because the electrode plate 11 of the high-voltage electrostatic field is installed with a suction port connected to the Roots blower 1 When the Roots blower 1 supplies air, it sucks the negative pressure pipe, so that the perforated baffle plate 8 in the high-voltage electrostatic field and the two electrode plates 11 form a negative pressure chamber respectively. Under the action of adsorption, the direction of movement of the charged particles of the opposite sex is quickly deflected into the negative pressure chamber to realize the rapid separation of materials; the charged materials in the negative pressure chamber fall into the receiver 6 with larger particle sizes, and the smaller particles pass through The negative pressure pipeline enters the cyclone separator 14 to be separated and collected, and the material that does not enter the negative pressure chamber falls to the bottom of the high-voltage electrostatic field, enters the material conveying pipeline through the pipeline, and enters the electric separation process again.

The triboelectric separation device for fine-grained materials adsorbed by lateral negative pressure is shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. The device includes a Roots blower 1. The blower port of the Roots blower 1 is connected to a material delivery pipeline, and the delivery pipeline is close to Rotor flowmeter 2 is installed on the part of Roots blower 1. When Roots blower 1 is running, it provides compressed air with a certain pressure and flow rate, and the flow rate can be measured by rotameter 2; the material conveying pipeline passes through the flange and the friction charger. 5 and the high-voltage electrostatic field are connected in sequence; a vibrating feeder 4 is provided between the Roots blower 1 and the friction charger 5, and a hopper 3 connected to the material conveying pipeline is provided below the discharge port of the vibrating feeder 4 , the fine particles enter the hopper 3 evenly through the vibrating feeder 4, and fall into the conveying pipeline under the action of its own weight; the material is brought into the friction charger 5 by the airflow generated by the Roots blower 1 and then enters the high-voltage electrostatic field; There are electrode plates 11 on both sides of the field, and the electrode plates 11 are connected with the insulating shell of the high-voltage electrostatic field by bolts, one of the electrode plates 11 is grounded, and the other electrode plate 11 is connected to the high-voltage power supply 16, and the high-voltage power supply 16 is connected to the voltage regulator 15; Both sides of the bottom of the electrostatic field are provided with a material receiver 6; the middle part of the two electrode plates 11 and the side wall of the housing are respectively symmetrically provided with through holes, and the dust filter 9 is inserted and connected in the through holes, and one end of the dust filter 9 protrudes Out of the wall of the electrode plate 11, it is helpful for the particles of the adsorbed material to slide freely. The other end protrudes from the side wall of the housing and is connected with a negative pressure tube. The two negative pressure tubes are respectively provided with control valves 10 and 13. After the two-way negative pressure pipes intersect at one place, they are connected to the inlet of a cyclone separator 14, and the outlet of the cyclone separator 14 is connected to the suction port of the Roots blower 1; A glass perforated baffle 8, the baffle 8 is processed with multiple rectangular through holes at equal intervals along its height direction, and the two ends of the through holes are semicircular; the baffle 8 is formed between the two electrode plates 11 respectively Negative pressure chamber, between the two baffles 8 forms a material drop channel that communicates with the discharge port and the feed port, the discharge port is connected to a discharge pipe through a flange, the other end of the discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the feed hopper 3 The material conveying pipe is connected; the baffle plate 8 and the top port of the receiver 6 are connected by an inclined support plate 7, which is convenient for the charged material to slide freely and be collected by the receiver 6.

Claims (10)

1. the fine granule material friction electrical selection method of a side direction negative-pressure adsorption, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: fine granule material under air-flow rolling action through friction belt electrical equipment, friction, collision effect is produced between the particle of different component, thus carry polarity difference, electricity electric charge not etc., and be injected into high-voltage electrostatic field; The charged material of the opposite sex enters in high-voltage electrostatic field the effect being subject to different electric field force, charged material offsets to opposite polarity direction of an electric field, and owing to aspirating the pipeline being communicated with both sides, high-voltage electrostatic field during roots blower air feed, make the baffle of porous baffle in high-voltage electrostatic field and form negative pressure chamber between the battery lead plate of both sides, under the suction-operated of negative pressure chamber, the opposite sex charged particle direction of motion deflects fast and enters in negative pressure chamber, realizes the quick separating of material; Charged material in negative pressure chamber, what particle diameter was larger falls into collector, and what particle diameter was less enters the separated collection of cyclone separator by negative-pressure pipeline, and the material not entering negative pressure chamber is discharged bottom high-voltage electrostatic field.

2. the fine granule material friction electrical selection method of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material not entering negative pressure chamber is discharged to material conveying pipe bottom high-voltage electrostatic field, reenters electric separation operation.

3. a fine granule material friction electrical selection device for side direction negative-pressure adsorption, is characterized in that, comprise roots blower, the charging gear be connected in turn with roots blower, friction belt electrical equipment and high-voltage electrostatic field, the pressure regulator be connected with high-voltage electrostatic field and high voltage source; High-voltage electrostatic field comprises insulation crust, and top and bottom centre's correspondence of housing are provided with charging aperture and discharging opening, and the both sides of housing are connected with battery lead plate, and the below of two battery lead plates is respectively equipped with collector; Be provided with two pieces of baffle of porous baffles parallel with battery lead plate in housing, between baffle plate and battery lead plate, form negative pressure chamber, between two baffle plates, form the material dropping channel being communicated with discharging opening and charging aperture; The both sides of high-voltage electrostatic field are connected to dust filter unit, and the outer end of dust filter unit is connected with negative tube, and the other end of negative tube connects cyclone dust collectors, and the outlet of cyclone dust collectors is connected with the air entry of roots blower.

4. the fine granule material friction electrical selection device of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described baffle plate is processed with multiple tracks rectangular through holes along its short transverse is equally spaced, and the two ends of through hole are semicircle; Described baffle plate adopts pmma material to make.

5. the fine granule material friction electrical selection device of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the inner end of described dust filter unit protrudes from battery lead plate and arranges.

6. the fine granule material friction electrical selection device of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described baffle plate is connected by inclined support panel with the top mouth of collector.

7. the fine granule material friction electrical selection device of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the discharging opening of described high-voltage electrostatic field is communicated with conveyance conduit.

8. the fine granule material friction electrical selection device of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 3, is characterized in that, mounted valve on described negative tube, for regulating negative pressure chamber's pressure.

9. the fine granule material friction electrical selection device of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described charging gear involving vibrations batcher and material bin, the discharging opening of oscillating feeder is positioned at above material bin, is continued to the feeding of friction belt electrical equipment by material bin.

10. the fine granule material friction electrical selection device of a kind of side direction negative-pressure adsorption according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the air outlet of described roots blower arranges spinner flowmeter.