CN104929759B - Exhaust gas turbocharging system, power adding and reducing method and boosting auxiliary device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust gas turbocharging system, a method for adding power and reducing power, and a supercharging auxiliary device. The exhaust gas turbocharging system includes a turbocharger, and the turbocharger has an intake cavity and an exhaust cavity. The turbocharger is equipped with an intake turbine and an exhaust turbine. The intake turbine is located in the intake cavity, and the exhaust turbine is located in the exhaust cavity. The intake turbine and the exhaust turbine are installed coaxially. It also includes booster assist device, and the supercharging auxiliary device has: an air storage tank; an intake normally closed valve; a first air outlet pipe, the inlet of the first air outlet pipe communicates with the air storage tank; a second air outlet pipe, the second air outlet pipe The inlet is connected to the outlet of the first air outlet pipe through the air intake normally closed valve, and the outlet of the second air outlet pipe is connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine and then passes into the exhaust chamber together. The present invention can not only make the power of the engine increase linearly with the stepping action of the accelerator pedal, slow down the phenomenon of delay in its power boosting response, but also make the power of the engine weaken immediately with the relaxation of the accelerator pedal, slowing down the slow response of the deceleration The phenomenon.

Description

Exhaust gas turbocharging system, boosting force, power reducing method and boosting auxiliary device

technical field

The invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharging system, a method for boosting and reducing power, and a supercharging auxiliary device.

Background technique

At present, as people's awareness of environmental protection increases, fuel-efficient and powerful engines are becoming more and more popular, and small-displacement exhaust gas turbocharged engines have become the main equipment on today's cars. However, the exhaust gas turbocharger has a time-lag effect, because the supercharging effect of the turbocharger is mainly generated by the intake turbine located in the intake passage, and the intake turbine is driven by the exhaust turbine located in the exhaust passage, the exhaust gas The rotational speed of the turbine is determined by the exhaust pressure of the engine. When the driver suddenly steps on the accelerator to accelerate, since the exhaust pressure of the engine will not increase immediately at this time, the rotational speed of the turbine in the turbocharger cannot keep up with the pace and the supercharged The pressure cannot increase immediately, and the power of the engine cannot increase linearly with the action of the accelerator pedal. The actual process is that when the driver suddenly steps on the accelerator pedal, more air and fuel enter the cylinder and burn to produce stronger The exhaust pressure drives the exhaust turbine to accelerate. Since the intake and exhaust turbines are fixedly connected, the intake turbine accelerates synchronously, so that the boost pressure of the intake air increases. This process produces a long time delay. Generally, it is 5-8 seconds; on the other hand, when the driver suddenly loosens (including completely releases) the accelerator, the speed of the intake and exhaust turbines will not change with the relaxation of the accelerator pedal due to the delayed response of the above-mentioned turbine speed. Decelerate quickly so that the power of the engine does not immediately decrease with the release of the accelerator pedal.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an exhaust gas turbocharging system, which can not only make the power of the engine increase linearly with the depressing action of the accelerator pedal, but also slow down the delay of its power boosting response. At the same time, the power of the engine is immediately weakened with the relaxation of the accelerator pedal, and the phenomenon of slow response to deceleration is slowed down.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an exhaust gas turbocharging system, comprising a turbocharger, the turbocharger has an intake cavity and an exhaust cavity, and the turbocharger is provided with an inlet Gas turbine and exhaust turbine, the intake turbine is located in the intake cavity, the exhaust turbine is located in the exhaust cavity, the intake turbine and the exhaust turbine are coaxially installed, it also includes a supercharging auxiliary device, and the supercharging auxiliary device have:

gas tank;

Intake normally closed valve;

A first air outlet pipe, the inlet of the first air outlet pipe communicates with the air storage tank;

The second air outlet pipe, the inlet of the second air outlet pipe is connected to the outlet phase of the first air outlet pipe through the intake normally closed valve, and the outlet of the second air outlet pipe is connected with the exhaust manifold of the engine and then passes into Exhaust cavity;

The first clutch driving device, the first clutch driving device has a first transmission mechanism, an intake normally closed valve switch mechanism and a first one-way clutch, and the accelerator pedal is connected to the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism through the first transmission mechanism. , the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism is set in cooperation with the intake normally closed valve, so that the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism switches the intake normally closed valve, and the first one-way clutch is arranged in the first transmission mechanism; when stepping on When the accelerator pedal is on, the first one-way clutch drives the first transmission mechanism to work. When the counterclockwise rotation speed of the accelerator pedal reaches the set value, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism makes the intake normally closed valve open under the action of the accelerator pedal. The passage between the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe; when the accelerator pedal does not reach the set counterclockwise speed, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism makes the intake normally closed valve disconnect the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet The passage between the air pipes; when the accelerator pedal is released, the first one-way clutch disconnects the transmission of the first transmission mechanism, and the intake normally closed valve disconnects the passage between the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe.

The supercharging auxiliary device also has an air storage normally closed valve, a first air storage pipe, a second air storage pipe and a second clutch driving device, the inlet of the first air storage pipe communicates with the exhaust manifold of the engine, and the second air storage pipe The inlet is connected to the outlet of the first gas storage pipe through a gas storage normally closed valve, and the outlet of the second gas storage pipe is connected to the gas storage tank. The second clutch driving device has a second transmission mechanism, a gas storage normally closed The valve switch mechanism and the second one-way clutch, and the first one-way clutch and the second one-way clutch work in the opposite direction, the accelerator pedal is connected to the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism through the second transmission mechanism, and the gas storage normally closed valve The switch mechanism is set in cooperation with the gas storage normally closed valve, so that the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism switches the gas storage normally closed valve, and the second one-way clutch is arranged in the second transmission mechanism; when the accelerator pedal is released, the second one-way clutch The clutch drives the second transmission mechanism to work. When the clockwise speed of the accelerator pedal reaches the set value, the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism makes the gas storage normally closed valve connect the first gas storage pipe and the second gas storage pipe under the action of the accelerator pedal. The passage between the air storage pipes; when the accelerator pedal is stepped on, the second one-way clutch disconnects the transmission of the second transmission mechanism, and the air storage normally closed valve disconnects the passage between the first air storage pipe and the second air storage pipe; When the accelerator pedal does not reach the set clockwise speed, the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism makes the gas storage normally closed valve disconnect the passage between the first gas storage pipe and the second gas storage pipe.

A specific structure of the first transmission mechanism and/or the second transmission mechanism is further provided, the first transmission mechanism and/or the second transmission mechanism include a driving pulley, a belt, a small runner and a large runner, and the driving The pulley is fixedly connected to the hinge of the accelerator pedal, and the driving pulley is connected to the small runner through a belt; in the first transmission mechanism, the small runner and the big runner are selectively connected through the first one-way clutch; In the second transmission mechanism, the small rotating wheel and the large rotating wheel are selectively connected through a second one-way clutch.

Further provided is a specific structure of an intake normally closed valve switch mechanism and/or an air storage normally closed valve switch mechanism, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism and/or the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism has a plurality of switch elements mechanism, the switch sub-mechanism includes a sector block, a sliding sleeve, a connecting spring and a sliding column, the sliding column is fixedly connected to the large wheel, the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the sector block, the sliding column is slidably fitted in the sliding sleeve, and the The two ends of the connecting spring are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding column and the sector block.

Further provided is a specific structure of an intake normally closed valve, the intake normally closed valve has an intake housing, an intake valve core, an intake sealing ring and a return spring, and the intake valve core is slidingly fitted on the intake housing inside, and the air intake sealing ring is installed on the air intake valve core, the air intake sealing ring is respectively matched with the inlet of the second air outlet pipe and the outlet of the first air outlet pipe, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected with the ports of the air intake valve core. The top end and the intake shell, the intake valve core and the fan-shaped block in the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism can abut and fit, and when the fan-shaped block in the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism is stationary, the bottom end of the intake valve core There is a gap between it and the fan-shaped block.

A specific structure of a gas storage normally closed valve is further provided, the gas storage normally closed valve has a gas storage casing, a gas storage valve core and a gas storage sealing ring, the gas storage valve core is slidingly fitted in the gas storage casing, and the gas storage The gas sealing ring is installed on the gas storage valve core, and the gas storage sealing ring is respectively matched with the inlet of the second gas storage pipe and the outlet of the first gas storage pipe. Butt fit.

Further, in order to prevent the exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold from flowing reversely into the air storage tank under extreme conditions, an outlet check valve is provided at the outlet of the gas storage tank.

Further, in order to prevent the compressed gas in the gas storage tank from flowing backward into the intake manifold under extreme circumstances, an inlet check valve is provided at the part where the outlet of the second gas storage pipe is connected to the gas storage tank.

The present invention also provides a supercharging auxiliary device, which is a supercharging auxiliary device adopted by the exhaust gas turbocharging system.

The present invention also provides a method for adding power to an exhaust gas turbocharging system. The steps of the method are as follows: step on the accelerator pedal, and the first one-way clutch engages the transmission of the first transmission mechanism. When the counterclockwise speed of the accelerator pedal reaches When the value is set, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism makes the intake normally closed valve connect the passage between the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe under the action of the accelerator pedal, and the air with a certain pressure stored in the air storage tank Exhaust gas enters the exhaust manifold and directly drives the exhaust turbine to accelerate, and the exhaust turbine then drives the intake turbine to accelerate, thereby achieving supercharged acceleration.

The present invention also provides a power reduction method for an exhaust gas turbocharging system. The steps of the method are as follows: the accelerator pedal is released, and the second one-way clutch engages the transmission of the second transmission mechanism. When the clockwise speed of the accelerator pedal reaches the set When the value is fixed, the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism under the action of the accelerator pedal makes the gas storage normally closed valve connect the passage between the first gas storage pipe and the second gas storage pipe, and the exhaust gas with a certain pressure in the exhaust manifold enters Stored in the air storage tank, thereby reducing the air pressure in the exhaust manifold, causing the exhaust turbine to decelerate immediately, thereby synchronously decelerating the intake turbine, reducing the intake air volume and intake pressure, and reducing the power of the engine.

After adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention can not only make the power of the engine increase linearly with the depressing action of the accelerator pedal, but also slow down the phenomenon of delay in the response of the power boost. At the same time, the power of the engine is immediately weakened with the relaxation of the accelerator pedal, and the phenomenon of slow response to deceleration is alleviated.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of exhaust gas turbocharging system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a connection schematic diagram of the intake normally closed valve and the intake normally closed valve switching mechanism of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below based on specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an exhaust gas turbocharging system includes a turbocharger 3, the turbocharger 3 has an intake cavity and an exhaust cavity, and the turbocharger 3 is provided with an intake turbine 4 and Exhaust turbine 6, the intake turbine 4 is located in the intake cavity, the exhaust turbine 6 is located in the exhaust cavity, the intake turbine 4 and the exhaust turbine 6 are coaxially installed, it also includes a supercharging auxiliary device, and the supercharging Auxiliary devices have:

Air storage tank 14;

Intake normally closed valve 17;

The first air outlet pipe 19, the inlet of the first air outlet pipe 19 communicates with the air storage tank 14;

The second air outlet pipe 20, the inlet of the second air outlet pipe 20 is gas-path connected with the outlet of the first air outlet pipe 19 through the intake normally closed valve 17, and the outlet of the second air outlet pipe 20 is connected with the exhaust manifold of the engine 9 8, one end adjacent to the exhaust chamber is connected and then passed into the exhaust chamber together;

The first clutch driving device, the first clutch driving device has a first transmission mechanism, an intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 and a first one-way clutch 22, and the accelerator pedal 26 passes through the first transmission mechanism and the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 Transmission connection, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 and the intake normally closed valve 17 are arranged in cooperation, and the first one-way clutch 22 is arranged in the first transmission mechanism; when the accelerator pedal 26 is stepped on, the first one-way clutch 22 drives The first transmission mechanism works, and when the counterclockwise speed of the accelerator pedal reaches the set value, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 connects the intake normally closed valve 17 to the first outlet pipe 19 and the second outlet pipe 19 under the action of the accelerator pedal 26. The passage between the two air outlet pipes 20; when the accelerator pedal 26 did not reach the set counterclockwise speed, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 made the intake normally closed valve 17 disconnect the first air outlet pipe 19 and the second air outlet pipe 20; when the accelerator pedal 26 is relaxed, the first one-way clutch 22 disconnects the transmission of the first transmission mechanism, and the intake normally closed valve 17 disconnects the first air outlet pipe 19 and the second air outlet pipe 20. path.

As shown in Fig. 1, this supercharging auxiliary device also has an air storage normally closed valve 15, a first air storage pipe 12, a second air storage pipe 13 and a second clutch drive device, the inlet of the first air storage pipe 12 is connected to the exhaust port of the engine 9 The end of the gas manifold 8 away from the exhaust chamber is connected, the inlet of the second gas storage pipe 13 is connected to the outlet of the first gas storage pipe 12 through the gas storage normally closed valve 15, and the outlet of the second gas storage pipe 13 is connected to the outlet of the first gas storage pipe 13. The air cylinder 14 is connected, and the second clutch driving device has a second transmission mechanism, an air storage normally closed valve switch mechanism 16 and a second one-way clutch 21, and the first one-way clutch 22 and the second one-way clutch 21 work in opposite directions. , the accelerator pedal 26 is connected to the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism 16 through the second transmission mechanism, the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism 16 is arranged in cooperation with the gas storage normally closed valve 15, and the second one-way clutch 21 is arranged at the second In the second transmission mechanism; when the accelerator pedal 26 is loosened, the second one-way clutch 21 drives the second transmission mechanism to work, and when the clockwise speed of the accelerator pedal 26 reaches the set value, the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism 16 is on the accelerator pedal. Under the action of 26, the gas storage normally closed valve 15 is connected to the passage between the first gas storage pipe 12 and the second gas storage pipe 13; when the accelerator pedal 26 is depressed, the second one-way clutch 21 disconnects the transmission, the gas storage normally closed valve 15 disconnects the passage between the first gas storage pipe 12 and the second gas storage pipe 13; The gas normally closed valve 15 disconnects the passage between the first gas storage pipe 12 and the second gas storage pipe 13 .

As shown in Figure 1, the first transmission mechanism and/or the second transmission mechanism comprise a driving pulley 23, a belt 24, a small runner 48 and a large runner 47, and the driving pulley 23 is fixedly connected to the hinge of the accelerator pedal 26 and Together with the accelerator pedal 26, the driving pulley 23 is connected to the small runner 48 through the belt 24; in the first transmission mechanism, the small runner 48 and the big runner 47 are selectively connected by the first one-way clutch 22. Transmission connection: In the second transmission mechanism, the small runner 48 and the large runner 47 are selectively connected by transmission through the second one-way clutch 21 .

As shown in Figure 2, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 and/or the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism 16 has a plurality of switch sub-mechanisms, and the switch sub-mechanisms include sector blocks 41, sliding sleeves 44, connecting springs 45 and Sliding column 46, sliding column 46 is fixedly connected on the big runner 47, sliding sleeve 44 is fixedly connected on the sector block 41, sliding column 46 is fitted in sliding sleeve 44, and the two ends of described connecting spring 45 are respectively connected with sliding Column 46 and sector block 41 are fixedly connected.

As shown in Figure 2, the intake normally closed valve 17 has an intake housing 31, an intake valve core 32, an intake seal ring 33 and a return spring 34, and the intake valve core 32 is slidingly fitted in the intake housing 31, and The intake sealing ring 33 is installed on the intake valve core 32, and the intake sealing ring 33 cooperates with the inlet of the second air outlet pipe 20 and the outlet of the first air outlet pipe 19 respectively, and the two ends of the return spring 34 in the compressed state respectively Connect the top of the intake valve core 32 and the intake shell 31, the sector block 41 in the intake valve core 32 and the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 can abut and fit, and when the intake valve core 32 in the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 When the sector block 41 is at rest, there is a gap between the bottom end of the intake valve core 32 and the sector block 41 .

The gas storage normally closed valve 15 has a gas storage shell, a gas storage valve core and a gas storage sealing ring, the gas storage valve core is slip-fitted in the gas storage housing, and the gas storage sealing ring is installed on the gas storage valve core, and the gas storage sealing ring Cooperating with the inlet of the second gas storage pipe 13 and the outlet of the first gas storage pipe 12 respectively, the gas storage valve core and the fan-shaped block 41 in the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism 16 are always abutted and fitted. The gas storage spool utilizes its own gravity to return.

Compared with the intake valve core 32 relying on the return spring 34 to return, the gas storage valve core returns to its own position by its own gravity, so that the gas storage valve core is easier to open than the intake valve core 32, so that the gas storage process of the gas storage tank 14 is faster than the discharge process. Gas process is more frequent, to ensure that the gas storage tank 14 has a sufficient amount of compressed gas.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an outlet check valve 30 is provided at the outlet of the air storage tank 14 to prevent the exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold 8 from flowing reversely into the air storage tank 14 in extreme cases.

As shown in Figure 1, an inlet check valve 29 is provided at the part where the outlet of the second gas storage pipe 13 is connected to the gas storage tank 14 to prevent the compressed waste gas in the gas storage tank 14 from flowing backward into the exhaust gas in extreme cases. In the gas manifold 8.

The outer wall of the intake valve core 32 is provided with an intake positioning block 35, the inner wall of the intake housing 31 is provided with an intake limiting block 36, the intake positioning block 35 and the intake limiting block 36 Cooperating to limit the downward sliding stroke of the intake valve core 32, the intake positioning block 35 is in sliding and sealing cooperation with the inner wall of the intake shell 31, the main purpose is to prevent air leakage when the valve is opened.

The outer wall of the gas storage valve core is also provided with a gas storage positioning block, and the inner wall of the gas storage shell is provided with a gas storage limit block, and the gas storage positioning block and the gas storage limit block cooperate to limit The lower sliding stroke of the gas storage spool, the gas storage positioning block and the inner wall of the gas storage housing slide and seal.

Ventilation holes 50 for balancing internal and external air pressures are respectively provided on the top walls of the air intake shell and the air storage shell.

Working method of the present invention is as follows:

(1) The driver suddenly steps on the accelerator pedal 26, the accelerator pedal 26 rotates around the rotating shaft 27, and the driving pulley 23 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 27 rotates counterclockwise. The runner 48 rotates counterclockwise, because the inner end of the first one-way clutch 22 is connected with the small runner 48, and its outer end is connected with the big runner 47, the little runner 48 drives the big runner 47 by the first one-way clutch 22 Rotate, the big runner 47 drives each fan-shaped block 41 in the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism 18 to rotate, and each fan-shaped block 41 makes centrifugal movement relative to the big runner 47, and when the accelerator pedal 26 steps on the speed and reaches the set value, each fan-shaped block Block 41 eliminates the gap and pushes the intake spool 32 in the intake normally closed valve 17 to move upward/outward, so that the intake sealing ring 33 in it leaves from the position of closing the pipelines on both sides, and the first air outlet pipe 19 is connected to the second outlet pipe. The air pipes 20 are connected, and the exhaust gas with a certain pressure originally stored in the air storage tank 14 enters the exhaust manifold 8 and directly drives the exhaust turbine 6 to accelerate, and the exhaust turbine 6 drives the intake turbine 4 to accelerate, which not only increases the intake air volume , increase the speed of the intake turbine, improve its supercharging effect, increase the air pressure in the intake manifold 11, so that the power of the engine 9 can be rapidly improved, reducing the time delay of the above-mentioned power boost; When the speed of the accelerator pedal 26 is lower than the set value or the accelerator pedal 26 is held, the above-mentioned process ends, and the intake valve core 32 in the intake normally closed valve 17 returns under the action of the return spring 34, and the intake air is sealed. Ring 33 closes the ducts on both sides.

(2) The driver relaxes the accelerator pedal 26, and the accelerator pedal 26 rotates counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 27. In the second transmission mechanism, the driving pulley 23 rotates clockwise, and the driving pulley 23 drives the small runner 48 to rotate clockwise through the belt 24 , because the inner end of the second one-way clutch 21 is connected with the small runner 48, and its outer end is connected with the big runner 47, the small runner 48 drives the big runner 47 to rotate by the second one-way clutch 21, and the big runner 47 Drive the rotation of each sector block 41 in the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism 16, and each sector block 41 performs centrifugal movement relative to the large runner 47. When the stepping speed of the accelerator pedal 26 reaches the set value, each sector block 41 overcomes the The gravity of the gas storage valve pushes the gas storage spool in the gas storage normally closed valve 16 to move upward, so that the gas storage sealing ring therein leaves from the position of closing the pipelines on both sides, and the first gas storage pipe 12 communicates with the second gas storage pipe 13 The exhaust gas with a certain pressure in the exhaust manifold 8 enters the air storage tank 14 through the check valve 29 for storage, thereby rapidly reducing the air pressure in the exhaust manifold, causing the exhaust turbine to decelerate immediately, so that the intake turbine decelerates synchronously, reducing Small intake air volume and reduced intake pressure quickly reduce the power of engine 9, reducing the delay time of engine power decline due to turbine rotational inertia. When the speed of accelerator pedal 26 was lower than the set value, the above process ended. The gas storage valve core returns under the action of gravity, and the gas storage sealing ring seals the pipelines on both sides.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. an exhaust gas turbocharging system, characterized in that: comprising a turbocharger (3), the turbocharger (3) has an air intake cavity and an exhaust cavity, and the turbocharger (3) ) is provided with an intake turbine (4) and an exhaust turbine (6), the intake turbine (4) is located in the intake cavity, the exhaust turbine (6) is located in the exhaust cavity, the intake turbine (4) and the exhaust The gas turbine (6) is coaxially installed, and it is characterized in that it also includes a supercharging auxiliary device, and the supercharging auxiliary device has: Air reservoir (14); Air intake normally closed valve (17); The first air outlet pipe (19), the inlet of the first air outlet pipe (19) communicates with the air storage tank (14); The second air outlet pipe (20), the inlet of the second air outlet pipe (20) is connected with the outlet phase of the first air outlet pipe (19) through the intake normally closed valve (17), and the second air outlet pipe (20) The outlet of the outlet is connected with the exhaust manifold (8) of the engine (9) and passes into the exhaust chamber together; The first clutch driving device, the first clutch driving device has a first transmission mechanism, an intake normally closed valve switch mechanism (18) and a first one-way clutch (22), and the accelerator pedal (26) is connected to the first transmission mechanism through the first transmission mechanism. The intake normally closed valve switchgear (18) is transmission connected, and the intake normally closed valve switchgear (18) and the intake normally closed valve (17) are arranged in cooperation so that the intake normally closed valve switchgear (18) switches the intake normally closed. Closing the valve (17), the first one-way clutch (22) is arranged in the first transmission mechanism; This supercharging auxiliary device also has gas storage normally closed valve (15), the first gas storage pipe (12), the second gas storage pipe (13) and the second clutch driving device, the inlet of the first gas storage pipe (12) is connected with the engine ( 9) the exhaust manifold (8) is connected, the inlet of the second gas storage pipe (13) is connected with the outlet phase of the first gas storage pipe (12) through the gas storage normally closed valve (15), and the second gas storage pipe The outlet of (13) is communicated with described air reservoir (14), and described second clutch driving device has second transmission mechanism, gas storage normally closed valve switching mechanism (16) and the second one-way clutch (21), and The working direction of the first one-way clutch (22) and the second one-way clutch (21) is opposite, and the accelerator pedal (26) is connected with the transmission connection of the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism (16) through the second transmission mechanism, and the gas storage is normally closed. The valve switch mechanism (16) is set in cooperation with the gas storage normally closed valve (15), so that the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism (16) switches the gas storage normally closed valve (15), and the second one-way clutch (21) is set in the second transmission. 2. The exhaust gas turbocharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first transmission mechanism and/or the second transmission mechanism comprise a driving pulley (23), a belt (24), a small runner ( 48) and the big runner (47), the driving pulley (23) is fixedly connected to the hinged part of the gas pedal (26), and the driving pulley (23) is connected with the small runner (48) transmission by the belt (24); In the first transmission mechanism, the small runner (48) and the large runner (47) are selectively connected through the first one-way clutch (22); in the second transmission mechanism, the small runner (48) It is selectively transmission-connected with the big runner (47) through the second one-way clutch (21). 3. The exhaust gas turbocharging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism (18) and/or the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism (16) has a plurality of switch sub-mechanisms , the switch sub-mechanism includes a sector block (41), a sliding sleeve (44), a connecting spring (45) and a sliding post (46), the sliding post (46) is fixedly connected to the large wheel (47), and the sliding sleeve ( 44) It is fixedly connected to the sector block (41), and the sliding post (46) is slidably fitted in the sliding sleeve (44), and the two ends of the connecting spring (45) are connected with the sliding post (46) and the sector block (41) respectively. ) fixed connection. 4. The exhaust gas turbocharging system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the intake normally closed valve (17) has an intake casing (31), an intake valve core (32), an intake sealing ring ( 33) and return spring (34), the intake spool (32) is slidingly fitted in the intake shell (31), and the intake sealing ring (33) is installed on the intake spool (32), the intake seal The ring (33) is matched with the inlet of the second air outlet pipe (20) and the outlet of the first air outlet pipe (19) respectively, and the two ends of the return spring (34) are respectively connected with the top and the inlet valve core (32). The air casing (31), the fan-shaped block (41) in the intake valve core (32) and the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism (18) can abut and fit, and when the air intake normally closed valve switch mechanism (18) When the sector block (41) is at rest, there is a gap between the bottom end of the intake valve core (32) and the sector block (41). 5. The exhaust gas turbocharging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the gas storage normally closed valve (15) has a gas storage shell, a gas storage valve core and a gas storage sealing ring, and the gas storage valve core is slip-fitted In the gas storage shell, and the gas storage sealing ring is installed on the gas storage valve core, the gas storage sealing ring is respectively matched with the inlet of the second gas storage pipe (13) and the outlet of the first gas storage pipe (12), and the gas storage valve The sector block (41) in the core and the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism (16) abuts and fits all the time. 6. The exhaust gas turbocharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: an outlet check valve (30) is arranged at the outlet of the air storage tank (14). 7. The exhaust gas turbocharging system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: the outlet of the second gas storage pipe (13) is connected to the gas storage tank (14) There is an inlet check valve (29). 8. A supercharging auxiliary device, characterized in that it is a supercharging auxiliary device used in the exhaust gas turbocharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 9. A method for adding power to the exhaust gas turbocharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the steps of the method are as follows: step on the gas pedal (26), and the first one-way clutch (22) Engage the transmission of the first transmission mechanism. When the counterclockwise speed of the accelerator pedal (26) reaches the set value, the intake normally closed valve switch mechanism (18) makes the intake air normally closed under the action of the accelerator pedal (26). Close the valve (17) to connect the passage between the first outlet pipe (19) and the second outlet pipe (20), and the exhaust gas with a certain pressure stored in the air storage tank (14) enters the exhaust manifold (8) And directly drive the exhaust turbine (6) to accelerate, and the exhaust turbine (6) then promotes the intake turbine (4) to accelerate, thereby realizing supercharging acceleration. 10. A method for reducing power of the exhaust gas turbocharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the steps of the method are as follows: loosen the gas pedal (26), and the second one-way clutch ( 21) Engage the transmission of the second transmission mechanism. When the clockwise speed of the accelerator pedal (26) reaches the set value, the gas storage normally closed valve switch mechanism (16) makes the gas storage normally closed under the action of the accelerator pedal (26). The valve (15) connects the passage between the first gas storage pipe (12) and the second gas storage pipe (13), and the exhaust gas with a certain pressure in the exhaust manifold (8) enters the gas storage tank (14) for storage, thereby reducing the The air pressure in the exhaust manifold (8) causes the exhaust turbine (6) to decelerate immediately, thereby synchronously decelerating the intake turbine (4), reducing the intake air volume and intake pressure, and reducing the power of the engine (9) .