CN104929478B - Prefabricated passive house exterior wall - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of assembled passive room exterior wall being mounted with door and window and erection of doors and windows method, is characterized in that it includes the rectangular patch body of wall with erection of doors and windows hole, and body of wall includes interior page wall and outer page wall, is provided with heat preservation plate material as heat-insulation layer in the middle of interior page wall with outer page wall.A kind of door and window connector, is characterized in that it includes the body with zigzag tabs shape, body lateral symmetry is provided with the rumble strip that cross section is n font, the rumble strip top of body one end is provided with positioning convex.

Description

Prefabricated passive house exterior wall

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building door and window construction, and relates to a connection structure between an exterior wall of a prefabricated passive house and a door and window. In particular, it involves door and window connectors, factory-produced exterior walls of prefabricated passive house buildings installed with passive house windows, and installation methods for doors and windows on exterior walls of prefabricated passive house buildings. Coefficient K≤1.0W/(㎡k)) installation.

Background technique

At present, for the installation of doors and windows of domestic buildings, at first the site leaves door and window openings by pouring concrete or masonry, then measures the size of the door and window openings, and makes doors and windows according to the measured size. When installing, first install the door and window frame, then install the door and window sashes, and finally install the glass. The gap between the frame and the opening is sealed and filled with cement mortar or glass glue. The main disadvantages are as follows:

First of all, the four sides of the door and window openings are not vertical, forming a quadrilateral. The size error of the opening can usually reach 3-5 cm, and the flatness of the opening is poor. For the same building, one window has one size, production and installation are difficult, and the quality of production and installation of windows is difficult to guarantee. , the construction efficiency is low; the window frame is installed on the wall during the installation process, and it is difficult to ensure that the window and the wall are on the same plane, resulting in water leakage from the window in rainy days, mildew and hair growth around the window in summer, and condensation in winter, which greatly reduces the room quality. Air quality, reducing building life.

Secondly, the traditional installation method directly connects the window frame to the wall of the opening, and mortar pointing, and then the wall insulation layer does not overlap with the door and window frame, resulting in joints and cold bridges on the four sides of the window frame and the opening, resulting in poor air tightness, Poor waterproof performance and poor heat preservation effect. Thereby, it has a greater impact on the entire wall and thermal insulation effect, and reduces the effective service life of the wall, doors and windows.

Third, because the doors and windows are assembled on site, the assembly error is very large, especially the combination of the insulating insulating glass and the frame is difficult to be compacted, and the ventilation leaks, which is why the insulation performance of the doors and windows is partially lost.

Fourth, the heat transfer coefficient K of doors and windows used in passive houses is less than or equal to 1.0W/(㎡k), which requires the use of three-layer glass + two-layer hollow structure, the increase in the number of glass layers and the thickening of window frame profiles, so that the doors and windows The overall weight is increased, reaching more than three times the weight of the usual windows at present. It is very difficult to install the doors and windows on site, and the installation quality is difficult to guarantee.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a connection structure and installation method between an exterior wall of an assembled passive house and a door and window, and also provides a door and window connector. The doors and windows referred to are suitable for the installation of more than 70 series of high-efficiency thermal insulation doors and windows (the heat transfer coefficient of doors and windows K≤1.0W/(㎡k)). The exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house refers to the sandwich insulation exterior wall panel.

A prefabricated passive house exterior wall with doors and windows is characterized in that it includes a rectangular sheet wall with openings for installing doors and windows, the wall includes an inner wall and an outer wall, and the middle of the inner wall and the outer wall An insulation board is provided as an insulation layer;

The thermal insulation layer adopts the high-efficiency thermal insulation material GPES rigid foam composite plastic insulation board or polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate rigid foam composite plastic insulation board with thermal conductivity ≤0.022w/(m K); the insulation layer of the door and window installation opening It is an L-shaped cross-section structure. The outer surface of the top of the door and window frame and the outer surfaces of the left and right sides of the door and window frame are closely matched with the L-shaped section of the insulation layer. The height of the vertical part of the section structure is 2/3 of the side of the door and window frame, so as to leave a gap for the opening of the door and window. There are three straight cold bridges on the top and on both sides.

The bottom of the door and window openings of the inner page wall and the additional profile of the door and window frame are installed with 3-5 cm wide and height equal to the additional profile of the window frame, and the filling insulation material is installed; cement mortar is laid on the bottom of the door and window opening of the inner page wall, and squeezed and fixed Caulking insulation; installation of inner sill panels over cement mortar;

Door and window connectors are arranged on the inner wall, and the doors and windows are fixed on the insulation layer of the outer wall of the prefabricated passive house through the door and window connectors;

The gap between the door and window frame and the wall insulation layer is filled and sealed with elastic foam strips, and the gap between the window frame and the inner page wall is filled and sealed with mortar; the gap between the door and window frame and the inner page wall is sealed with waterproof and air-proof tape, and the door and window frame The outer page walls are sealed with waterproof and breathable tape.

The specific feature of this scheme is that two pre-pressed sealing tapes parallel to the plane of the outer page wall are pasted on the bottom edge of the door and window opening of the outer page wall; the length of the pre-pressed sealing tape is equal to the width of the door and window. Then use 4 φ8 screws to install the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill plate on the external facade of the additional profile of the window frame, so as to realize the sealing between the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill plate and the outer page wall. The airtightness of the building is raised from the current national standard of 6 to 10. Under the premise of ensuring the indoor and outdoor pressure difference of 50Pa, the number of air changes in the house per hour does not exceed 0.6 times.

Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on the exposed root of the outdoor window frame to prevent the outdoor window from cracking. Then use polymer mortar to plaster the surface, complete the construction of the side walls around the outdoor door and window openings, and make olecranon waterproof on the top of the door and window openings.

Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on the exposed root of the indoor window frame, and use polymer mortar to plaster the surface to complete the construction of the side walls around the openings of the indoor doors and windows.

The edges of indoor door and window frames and door and window openings are sealed with glass glue.

The inner wall is not less than 100mm, the insulation layer is not less than 150mm, and the outer wall is not less than 50mm. The thickness of the wall (sandwich insulation external wall panels) is not more than 350mm, which is more than 150mm less than the current passive house wall thickness.

The exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) is suitable for the ultra-low energy consumption exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house in factory production. The sheet wall (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) has excellent thermal insulation performance, the heat transfer coefficient K≤0.15W/(㎡k), and the heat transfer coefficient of the installed passive house doors and windows is K≤1.0W/(㎡k); Meet the requirements of ultra-low energy passive house.

Due to the heavy weight of passive house doors and windows, the general weight is 2-3 times that of the current double-glazed windows, and it is difficult to carry and install manually. With the help of factory hoisting equipment, the production and installation process of walls, doors and windows is all completed on the production line in the factory, with high production precision, realizing accurate production and installation with ±1mm error, effectively ensuring the standardization of production and installation. The size error of the door and window openings is ±1mm, so that the installation of doors and windows is more standard and accurate, and the assembly of the building is realized.

Passive house doors and windows are installed in the door and window openings of the exterior walls of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels). The doors and windows are connected and fixed on the insulation layer of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) through connectors. It is characterized in that the installation position of the door and window frame is moved from the center position of the traditional wall section to the wall insulation layer, and the upper part of the door and window and the outer sides of the window frames on both sides are tightly covered and combined by the raised insulation board, eliminating the need for this window. Box cold bridge. The inner side of the bottom door and window frame (under the indoor window sill) is closely attached to the attached frame to install a filler insulation material with a thickness of more than 30 mm for heat insulation treatment. The cold bridge of the bottom door and window frame basically disappears, thereby improving the insulation performance of the door and window.

The present invention is applicable to the factory production of the exterior walls of fabricated passive houses (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels) and the connection between exterior walls of fabricated passive buildings (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels) and doors and windows, as well as the installation and construction of doors and windows. Doors and windows are suitable for the installation of doors and windows above the 70 series (window frame edge width greater than 70mm).

The present invention also provides a door and window connector, which is characterized in that it includes a Z-shaped flap-shaped body, raised strips with an N-shaped cross-section are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the body, and positioning protrusions are arranged on the top of the raised strip at one end of the body. rise.

The specific feature of this solution is that the main body is provided with through holes.

The through hole is an oval hole.

An outwardly extending ear plate is arranged on the raised belt, and the positioning protrusion and the ear plate are located at the same end of the body.

Through holes are arranged on the lug plates.

The height of the main body is 12±1mm, the width is 60mm, and it is made of steel plate with a thickness of 2-3mm. The width of the raised belt is 10mm, and the height is 6mm.

This scheme also relates to a method for installing doors and windows on the exterior wall of a prefabricated passive house, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

(1) Make door and window openings and door and window frames according to the relationship between the size of the door and window openings and the size of the door and window frames:

Door and window opening width = (door and window width + 2 × a) ± 1mm

Door and window opening height = (door and window width + c + b) ± 1mm

a: The distance from the left outer side of the door and window frame to the left side of the door and window opening or the distance from the right outer side of the door and window frame to the right side of the door and window opening is 15±1mm;

b: The distance from the lower outer surface of the door and window frame to the bottom surface of the door and window opening is 35±1mm, of which 21-the height of the additional profile of the window frame is 30±1mm;

c: The distance from the upper outer surface of the door and window frame to the top surface of the door and window opening is 15±1mm;

Therefore, ensure the mounting accuracy of ±1mm.

(2) Wrap the waterproof and air-proof tape from the outside of the door and window frame to the indoor side. The side of the 150mm-250mm wide waterproof and air-proof tape with self-adhesive glue is tightly bonded to the outer sides of the door and window frames, and the other side extends to the indoor direction along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the door and window. The outer surfaces around the door and window frame include the left outer surface, the right outer surface, the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface, all of which are perpendicular to the plane of the door and window.

(3) Installation of connectors;

According to the size of the door and window frame and the door and window opening, determine the installation position of the connector on the left and right outer sides of the door and window frame and the inner page wall side of the door and window opening; install two connectors on the left and right outer sides of the door and window frame A door and window connector (the connection between the door and window connector and the window frame as shown in Figure 4).

Use 4 pieces of waterproof and air-proof films with a width of 200 mm and a length of 250 mm, and paste them on the outside of the four door and window connectors that have just been installed. One side of the waterproof and air-proof films (the side with self-adhesive glue) completely covers the door and window connections. The end of the piece that attaches to the window frame. (The connection between the door and window connector and the window frame as shown in Figure 4), the other three sides of the waterproof and air-insulating film extend to the indoor direction of the door and window along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the door and window, and overlap and overlap with the waterproof and air-insulating tape in parallel.

(4) Turn the waterproof and breathable tape pasted on the edge of the door and window frame to the outside, that is, the side of the 250mm wide waterproof and breathable tape with self-adhesive glue is closely bonded to the edge of the door and window frame, and the other side is It extends to the outdoor direction in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the door and window. As shown in Figure 5, the connection form of the d-d section of the door and window openings.

(5) Drill holes at the connection points; then drill expansion bolt installation holes at the determined installation positions of the door and window connectors on the side of the inner page wall of the door and window openings, and paint on the side of the inner page wall with a diameter of 60 mm around each expansion bolt installation hole. Adhesive sealant to realize the sealing of the joints between the door and window joints and the inner wall.

(6) Install expansion bolts to fix the doors and windows; the expansion bolts pass through the waterproof and air-proof film 30 with a width of 200mm and a length of 250mm, and fix the expansion bolts (pay attention to protecting the waterproof and air-proof film). Inner wall paste. Then fill the gap between the door and window frame and the insulation layer with elastic foam strips, and finally seal the gap between the door and window frame and the inner page wall with caulking mortar.

(7) After the expansion bolts are completed to fix the door and window connectors, apply adhesive sealant around the door and window connectors and the overlapping overlapping parts of the waterproof and air-proof film and the waterproof and air-proof tape to make the waterproof and air-proof film and the waterproof and gas-proof tape Bonding together, through the adhesive sealant on the sides around the opening of the door and window and pasting on the inner page wall together to realize the sealing around the connecting parts of the door and window and the frame of the door and window.

(8) During the implementation of step (7), apply the adhesive sealant 18 on the side of the inner page wall 4, and apply the adhesive sealant 18 around the door and window connectors 2 (to ensure that the waterproof and air-proof film 30 is closely pasted on the waterproof and air-proof film 30). 12) on the air tape, and then the waterproof air-insulating tape 12 and the inner page wall 6 are pasted tightly.

(9) Apply adhesive glue 18 on the outer wall, and then stick the waterproof and breathable adhesive tape 13 to the outer wall 6 tightly.

(10) Install 3-5 cm wide and flush with the additional profile of the window frame on the bottom of the door and window opening of the inner page wall and the additional profile of the window frame; lay cement mortar at the bottom of the door and window opening of the inner page wall, Squeeze and fix the fill insulation material; install the inner window sill above the cement mortar;

(11) Paste two pre-pressed sealing tapes parallel to the plane of the outer wall on the bottom edge of the door and window opening of the outer page wall; the length of the pre-pressed sealing tape is equal to the width of the door and window. Then use 4 φ8 screws to install the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill plate on the external facade of the additional profile of the window frame, so as to realize the sealing between the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill plate and the outer page wall.

(12) Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on the exposed root of the outdoor window frame to prevent the outdoor window from cracking. Then use polymer mortar to plaster the surface, complete the construction of the side walls around the outdoor door and window openings, and make olecranon waterproof on the top of the door and window openings.

(13) Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on the exposed root of the indoor window frame, and use polymer mortar to plaster the surface to complete the construction of the side walls around the opening of the indoor door and window.

(14) The edges of indoor door and window frames and door and window openings shall be sealed with glass glue.

The specific features of this program are that the waterproof and air-proof tape and the waterproof and breathable tape can be made of EPDM synthetic polymer material (EPDM), or modified chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Products made of synthetic polymer materials such as polyethylene polypropylene, EVA, and high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

The waterproof and air-proof tape and the waterproof and breathable tape can be 250mm wide. The choice of width is mainly based on the thickness of the wall, and one side of the waterproof and air-proof tape has a self-adhesive glue with a width of 30-50 mm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The doors and windows are connected and fixed on the insulation layer position of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) through the door and window connectors. The outer sides of the window frames on both sides are closely pasted by L-shaped section-raised insulation boards. The height of the L-shaped section-raised insulation boards generally covers 2/3 of the height of the window frame, and leaves a gap for the door and window to open. Simultaneously, the side stiles of the window frame are all connected to the position of the insulation layer through the connecting piece, which eliminates the cold bridge of the three side stiles. The inner side of the bottom door and window frame (under the indoor window sill) is closely attached to the attached frame to install a filler insulation material with a thickness of more than 30 mm for heat insulation treatment. The cold bridge of the bottom door and window frame basically disappears, thereby improving the insulation performance of the door and window.

2. The prefabricated passive house wall involved in the present invention is a wall with passive house doors and windows (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel), a rectangular sheet wall with doors and windows installed holes (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) Wall panels), sheet walls (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels) are provided with inner and outer walls, and insulation panels are arranged between the inner and outer walls as insulation layers (commonly known as Sanzhi sandwich walls ). The inner wall is not less than 100mm, the insulation layer is not less than 150mm, and the outer wall is not less than 50mm. The thickness of the sheet wall (sandwich insulation external wall panel) is not more than 350mm, which is more than 150mm less than the current passive house wall thickness, which improves the structure and mechanical properties of the sheet wall, and also improves the prefabricated passive house wall. Transportation and installation construction efficiency. At the same time, the durability and fire resistance of the wall are outstanding, which fundamentally guarantees the same lifespan as the insulation and the building. See attached drawing 1 for the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house and the openings of doors and windows and their connection forms; attached drawing 2 for the c-c section structure of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house.

3. Passive house doors and windows are installed in the door and window openings of the prefabricated passive house walls (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels). The doors and windows are connected and fixed on the insulation layer of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) through connectors. Its feature is that the installation position of the door and window frame is moved from the center of the traditional wall section to the wall insulation layer, and the insulation layer is provided with a L-shaped section structure on the door and window to adapt to the installation of doors and windows: the upper part of the door and window and the window frames on both sides The outer side is closely pasted by the L-shaped section of the raised insulation board. The height of the L-shaped section of the raised insulation board should generally cover 2/3 of the height of the window frame, and leave a gap for the opening of the door and window. At the same time, the window frame edge The connections are all located at the position of the insulation layer through the connecting piece, eliminating the cold bridge of the three edged window frames. See attached drawing 5: the connection form of the d-d section of the door and window opening (the upper part of the door and window opening and the insulation layers on both sides are raised according to the structural requirements, and are tightly combined on the outer surface of the window frame). On the inner side of the bottom door and window frame (under the indoor window sill) close to the attached frame, set the filler insulation material with a thickness of more than 30 mm for heat insulation treatment (see attached drawing 8: connection form of the enlarged e-e section of the door and window opening e-e), and the cold bridge of the bottom door and window frame It basically disappears, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of doors and windows, realizing the design without cold bridges, prolonging the service life of doors and windows, and ensuring that passive house insulation does not require maintenance for 40 years.

4. The bottom of the door and window frame is equipped with additional profiles for the window frame, and a stainless steel waterproof outer window sill is installed outside the additional profile of the window frame. The top connection part of the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill is connected with the additional profile of the window frame through φ8 screws to form a whole. Two pre-pressed sealing strips are set under the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill to ensure the thermal insulation and waterproof performance of the window sill.

5. The door and window connector of the present invention is locked by the positioning protrusion and the edge of the door and window frame to extend the connection rib, which limits the relative position of the window frame and the wall of the opening, ensures the consistency of the connection position, and improves the installation efficiency at the same time; There are four positioning protrusions at the joint between the door and window connector and the window frame, and the positioning protrusions and the extended connecting ribs of the window frame mutually fix the standard connection position of the door and window connector and the door and window frame. A uniform connection screw position is set on the door and window connectors, the bolt holes at the connecting parts of the door and window connectors and the door and window openings are flat holes, and a 10 mm moving distance of the expansion bolts is set, which not only realizes the connection between the door and window connectors and the doors and windows, and the door and window connectors. The fixed structure of the relative position of the wall is convenient for installation at the same time. The connectors are fixed on the inner wall panels to ensure the installation of doors and windows and the firmness and reliability of the main building structure. The positioning protrusions of the connectors make the installation faster and more accurate.

6. The structural form of the door and window connectors (see attached drawing 9-attached drawing 14). Door and window connectors are divided into type I and type II. Type I can be used for windows with a width less than 1.5 meters, and type II can be used for windows with a width or height greater than 1.5 meters.

7. The vertical distance between the two connection planes of the door and window connectors (connecting with the door and window frame and the wall) is 13±1mm, (the height of the Z-shaped flap connector is 12±1mm) waterproof and air-proof tape and bonding The thickness of the sealant is 2±1mm; the gap on both sides of the door and window frame is 15±1mm, that is, the width of the door and window opening is: (door and window width+2×15mm)±1mm, so the installation accuracy of the door and window opening is guaranteed to be ±1mm .

Due to the heavy weight of passive house doors and windows, the general weight is 2-3 times that of the current double-glazed windows, and it is difficult to carry and install manually. With the help of factory hoisting equipment, the production and installation process of walls, doors and windows is all completed on the production line in the factory, with high production precision, realizing accurate production and installation with ±1mm error, effectively ensuring the standardization of production and installation. The size error of the door and window openings is within ±1mm, compared with the traditional method, the error is reduced by more than 30 times. In this way, the installation of doors and windows is more standard and precise, and the assembly of buildings is realized.

8. A pre-pressed sealing tape is provided under the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill; elastic foam strips are used to fill and seal the door and window frames and the insulation layer of the door and window openings of the exterior wall sandwich insulation board of the fabricated passive house, so that the doors and windows can be sealed within a limited range. A small amount of movement is realized, which avoids the stress fatigue and damage of doors and windows, and effectively guarantees the service life.

9. Passive windows and prefabricated passive house exterior wall sandwich insulation board walls are all produced on the factory production line as a whole, which overcomes the defect that the construction site construction is difficult and the quality is difficult to guarantee due to the weight of the windows, and improves the degree of industrialization and industrialization. High-standard and high-precision production makes the construction from extensive to refined, which meets the new requirements of the modernization of the national construction industry.

10. The exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) is suitable for the exterior wall of the ultra-low energy consumption prefabricated passive house produced in a factory. The exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) has excellent thermal insulation performance, the heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house is K≤0.15W/(㎡k), and the heat transfer coefficient of the whole window of the installed passive house is K≤ 1.0W/(㎡k); meet the requirements of ultra-low energy passive houses.

11. The insulation board set between the inner wall and the outer wall is used as the insulation layer, and the insulation layer adopts GPES rigid foam composite plastic insulation board with thermal conductivity ≤0.022w/(m·K) or polyurethane modified polyisocyanuric acid The resin rigid foam composite plastic insulation board ensures that the thickness of the exterior wall (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) of the prefabricated passive house building is reduced by 30% compared with the thickness of the usual passive house wall.

12. The gap between the door and window frame and the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) sandwich insulation layer is filled and sealed with elastic foam strips, and the gap between the window frame and the inner page wall is filled and sealed with mortar; The inner wall of the wall is sealed with waterproof and air-proof tape, and the door and window frame and the outer wall of the sheet wall are sealed with waterproof and breathable tape. The airtightness of the building is raised from the current national standard of 6 to 10. Under the premise of ensuring the indoor and outdoor pressure difference of 50Pa, the number of air changes in the house per hour does not exceed 0.6 times.

13. The present invention is applicable to the factory production of the exterior walls of prefabricated passive houses (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels) and the connection between exterior walls of prefabricated passive buildings (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels) and doors and windows, as well as the installation and construction of doors and windows. The doors and windows referred to are suitable for the installation of doors and windows above the 70 series (thickness (width) of the door and window frame is greater than 70mm). The installation and construction method is a new door and window connection installation technology. The feature of this technical process is that all the walls, doors and windows are produced by the factory production line. The size deviation of the produced walls, doors and windows, and the openings of doors and windows is ±1mm, and then the doors and windows are installed on the wall in the factory, fully realizing the error of ±1mm. Precise installation, maximum realization of industrialized standard production and production, and full assembly of buildings at the construction site.

14. The passive building adopting the connection structure of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house and the connection structure of doors and windows and the installation and construction method can realize: excellent thermal insulation performance, the heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) K≤0.15W/ (㎡k), the heat transfer coefficient of the whole window K≤1.0W/(㎡k); the best airtightness of the building reaches the national standard of 10th grade, under the premise of ensuring air quality and indoor and outdoor pressure difference of 50Pa, The number of air changes in the house per hour does not exceed 0.6; the indoor temperature can be maintained at 20-26°C, the indoor relative humidity is 40%-60%, and the over-temperature frequency is ≤10%; the total annual primary energy consumption of the house is ≤120KWh/㎡ , meeting the technical requirements of passive houses.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels) and the openings of doors and windows and their connection forms; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the c-c section structure of the exterior wall of the prefabricated passive house in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is the connection between the door and window connectors Schematic diagram of the connection of the inner wall; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the door and window connector and the window frame; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection form of the d-d section of the door and window opening in Figure 1; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part A in Figure 5; Figure 8 is an enlarged view of part B in Figure 7; Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the door and window connector; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the f-f section in Figure 9; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the g-g section in Figure 9; Fig. 12 is a structural schematic view of the door and window connector; Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of h-h in Fig. 12; Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of i-i in Fig. 12 .

In the figure: 1-fabricated passive house exterior wall (sandwich insulation exterior wall panels); 2-door and window connectors; 3-passive windows; 4-inner wall; 5-insulation layer; 6-outer wall; 7- Alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh + facing layer; 8-positioning protrusions; 9-expansion bolts; 10-extended connecting ribs; 11-φ8 screws; 12-waterproof and air-proof tape; 13-waterproof and breathable tape; 14 -elastic foam strip; 15-filling mortar; 16-polymer mortar; 17-glass glue; 18-adhesive sealant; 19-T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; Additional profiles; 22-inner window sill; 23-cement mortar; 24-pre-pressed sealing tape; 25-stainless steel waterproof outer window sill; 26-filling insulation material; 27-body; - Waterproof and air barrier film.

detailed description

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1-8, an exterior wall of a prefabricated passive house with doors and windows installed includes a rectangular sheet wall with openings for installing doors and windows. The wall includes an inner wall 4 and an outer wall 6. There is an insulation board between the page wall 4 and the outer page wall 6 as the insulation layer 5; the insulation layer 5 adopts the high-efficiency insulation material GPES rigid foam composite plastic insulation board or polyurethane modified with thermal conductivity ≤0.022w/(m·K) Polyisocyanurate rigid foam composite plastic insulation board; the insulation layer of the door and window installation hole is an L-shaped section structure, and the outer surface of the top of the door and window frame and the outer surfaces of the left and right sides of the door and window frame are closely matched with the L-shaped section of the insulation layer. The outer side of the frame is attached to the horizontal part of the L-shaped section structure of the insulation layer, and the height of the vertical part of the L-shaped section structure of the insulation layer is 2/3 of the side of the door and window frame, so as to leave a gap for the opening of the door and window, (the side of the door and window frame is very thick (width) greater than 70mm) are all located on the insulation layer, eliminating the cold bridges on the top and two sides of the window frame.

The bottom of the door and window openings of the inner page wall 4 and the window frame additional profile of the door and window frame are installed with a 3-5 cm wide and height equal to the window frame additional profile 21. Filling insulation material 26; cement mortar is laid on the bottom of the inner page wall 4 door and window openings 23. Squeeze and fix the filling insulation material 26; install the inner window sill plate 22 above the cement mortar 23;

Door and window connectors 2 are arranged on the inner page wall 4, and the doors and windows are fixed on the insulation layer 5 of the exterior wall 1 of the prefabricated passive house through the door and window connectors 2; Filling and sealing, the gap between the window frame and the inner page wall 4 is sealed with a filling mortar 15; the door and window frame and the inner page wall 4 are sealed with waterproof and air-proof tape 12, and the door and window frame and the outer page wall 6 are sealed with waterproof and breathable Tape 13 seals.

Paste two pre-pressed sealing strips 24 parallel to the plane of the outer page wall 6 on the bottom edge of the door and window opening of the outer page wall 6 (accompanying drawing 8: Enlarged view of the e-e section of the door and window opening B connection form); the length of the pre-pressed sealing tape 24 is equal to the width of the door and window . Adopt 4 φ 8 screws 11 to install the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill 25 on the additional profile 21 facade of the outdoor window frame again, to realize the sealing of the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill 25 and the outer page wall 6. The airtightness of the building is raised from the current national standard of 6 to 10. Under the premise of ensuring the indoor and outdoor pressure difference of 50Pa, the number of air changes in the house per hour does not exceed 0.6 times.

Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 19 on the exposed root of the outdoor window frame to prevent the outdoor window from cracking. Then use polymer mortar 16 to plaster the surface, complete the construction of the side walls around the outdoor door and window openings, and make the olecranon 20 waterproof on the top of the door and window openings.

Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 19 on the exposed root of the indoor window frame, and use polymer mortar 16 to plaster the surface to complete the construction of the side walls around the openings of the indoor doors and windows.

The edges of indoor door and window frames and door and window openings are sealed with glass glue.

The inner wall 4 is not less than 100mm, the insulation layer 5 is not less than 150mm, and the outer wall 6 is not less than 50mm. The thickness of the wall (sandwich insulation exterior wall panel) is not more than 350mm.

As shown in Figures 9-11, a door and window connector includes a body 27 with a zigzag flap shape, and raised bands 28 with n-shaped cross-sections are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the body 27, and the raised bands at one end of the body 27 The top of 28 is provided with a positioning protrusion 8. The main body 27 is provided with a through hole, the main body. The through hole is an oval hole. As shown in FIGS. 12-14 , an outwardly extending ear plate 29 is provided on the raised belt 28 , and the positioning protrusion 8 and the ear plate 29 are located at the same end of the body 27 . Through holes are provided on the lug plate 29 .

Example 2:

As shown in Figures 9-11, a door and window connector includes a body 27 with a zigzag flap shape, and raised bands 28 with n-shaped cross-sections are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the body 27, and the raised bands at one end of the body 27 The top of 28 is provided with a positioning protrusion 8. The body 27 is provided with a through hole. The through hole is an oval hole. As shown in FIGS. 12-14 , an outwardly extending ear plate 29 is provided on the raised belt 28 , and the positioning protrusion 8 and the ear plate 29 are located at the same end of the body 27 . Through holes are provided on the lug plate 29 . The body 27 of the zigzag folded sheet of the connecting piece has a height of 12mm, a width of 60mm, and a length of 200mm, and is made of a 3mm steel plate.

Embodiment 3: A method for installing doors and windows on the exterior wall of a prefabricated passive house, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

(1) Make door and window openings and door and window frames according to the relationship between the size of the door and window openings and the size of the door and window frames:

Door and window opening width = (door and window width + 2 × a) ± 1mm

Door and window opening height = (door and window width + c + b) ± 1mm

a: The distance from the left outer side of the door and window frame to the left side of the door and window opening or the distance from the right outer side of the door and window frame to the right side of the door and window opening is 15±1mm; b: The distance from the lower outer side of the door and window frame to the bottom of the door and window opening is 35±1mm, in which the height of the window frame additional profile 21 is 30±1mm; c: the distance from the upper outer surface of the door and window frame to the top surface of the door and window opening is 15±1mm;

Therefore, ensure the mounting accuracy of ±1mm.

(2) Wrap the waterproof and air-proof tape 12 from the outside of the door and window frame to the indoor side. 150mm-250mm wide waterproof and air-proof tape 12 is closely bonded with one side of the self-adhesive and the outer sides around the door and window frame, and the other side extends to the indoor direction along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the door and window. The outer surfaces around the door and window frame include the left outer surface, the right outer surface, the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface, all of which are perpendicular to the plane of the door and window.

The waterproof and air-proof adhesive tape 12 and the waterproof and air-permeable adhesive tape 13 can be EPDM (EPDM), or modified chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene polypropylene fiber, EVA, Products made of synthetic polymer materials such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

Waterproof air-proof tape 12 and waterproof air-permeable tape 13 can adopt wide 250mm, and the selection of width is mainly based on the thickness of body of wall, one side of waterproof air-proof tape 12 and waterproof air-proof tape 13 has 30-50 millimeter wide self-adhesive glue.

(3) Installation of connectors; according to the size of the door and window frame and the opening of the door and window, determine the installation position of the connector on the left and right outer sides of the door and window frame and the 4 sides of the inner page wall of the door and window opening; on the left outer side of the door and window frame 1. Two door and window connectors 2 are respectively installed on the right outer surface (the connection between the door and window connector 2 and the window frame as shown in Figure 4).

Adopt 200 mm wide, 250 mm long waterproof and air-proof film 30, a total of 4 pieces, respectively paste on the outside of the four door and window connectors 2 just installed, one side of the waterproof and air-proof film 30 (the side with self-adhesive glue) completely Wrap the end of the door and window connector 2 connected with the window frame. (the connection between the door and window connector and the window frame as shown in Figure 4), the other three sides of the waterproof and air-insulating film 30 extend to the indoor direction of the door and window along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the door and window, and overlap with the waterproof and air-insulating tape 12 in parallel. catch.

(4) Turn the waterproof and breathable tape 13 pasted on the edge of the door and window frame to the outside, that is, the side of the 250mm wide waterproof and breathable tape 13 with self-adhesive glue is closely bonded to the edge of the door and window frame, and the other side is All extend to the outdoor direction along the direction perpendicular to the plane of doors and windows. As shown in Figure 5, the connection form of the d-d section of the door and window openings.

(5) Drill holes at the connection points; then drill expansion bolt installation holes at the installation position of the door and window connector 2 determined on the side of the inner page wall of the door and window opening, and drill expansion bolt installation holes on the side of the inner page wall 4 with a diameter of 60 mm around each expansion bolt installation hole Coating the adhesive sealant to realize the sealing of the joint between the door and window connector 2 and the inner page wall 4 .

(6) Install the expansion bolt 9 to fix the doors and windows; the expansion bolt 9 passes through the waterproof and air-proof film 30 with a width of 200mm and a length of 250mm, and fixes the expansion bolt 9 (pay attention to protecting the waterproof and air-proof film 30). At this time, the waterproof and air-proof film 30 one side has been pasted with inner page wall 4. Then the elastic foam strip 14 is stuffed in the gap between the door and window frame and the insulation layer 5 , and finally sealed with a filling mortar 15 in the gap between the door and window frame and the inner page wall 4 .

(7) After the expansion bolt 9 is completed to fix the door and window connecting piece 2, apply adhesive sealant around the door and window connecting piece 2 and the overlapping overlapping parts of the waterproof and air-proof film 30 and the waterproof and air-proof tape 12, so that the waterproof and air-proof film 30 is bonded together with waterproof air-proof adhesive tape 12, is pasted together on the inner page wall 4 by the bonding sealant 18 on the sides around the door and window hole, realizes the sealing around the door and window connector 2 and the door and window frame.

(8) During the implementation of step (7), apply the adhesive sealant 18 to the inner page wall 4, and apply the adhesive sealant 18 around the door and window connectors 2 (to ensure that the waterproof and air-proof film 30 is closely pasted on the waterproof insulation air tape 12), and then the waterproof air barrier tape 12 and the inner page wall 4 are pasted tightly.

(9) Apply adhesive glue on the outer wall 6, and then stick the waterproof and breathable adhesive tape 13 to the outer wall 6 tightly.

(10) Install a 3-5 cm wide and height equal to the additional profile 21 of the window frame with the filler insulation material 26 attached to the bottom of the door and window opening of the inner page wall 4 and the window frame additional profile 21; the inner page wall 4 door and window opening Cement mortar 23 is laid on the bottom, and the thermal insulation material 26 is extruded and fixed; the inner window sill 22 is installed above the cement mortar 23;

(11) Paste two pre-pressed sealing strips 24 parallel to the plane of the outer page wall 6 on the bottom edge of the door and window openings of the outer page wall 6 (attachment 8: Enlarged view B of the e-e section of the door and window opening); the length of the pre-pressed sealing tape 24 Equal to the width of the door and window. Adopt 4 φ 8 screws 11 to install the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill 25 on the additional profile 21 facade of the outdoor window frame again, to realize the sealing of the stainless steel waterproof outer window sill 25 and the outer page wall 6.

(12) Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 19 on the exposed root of the outdoor window frame to prevent the outdoor window from cracking. Then use polymer mortar 16 to wipe the surface, complete the construction of the side walls around the outdoor door and window openings, and make the olecranon waterproof 20 at the top of the door and window openings.

(13) Paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 19 on the exposed root of the indoor window frame, and use polymer mortar 16 to plaster the surface to complete the construction of the side walls around the openings of indoor doors and windows.

(14) The edges of indoor door and window frames and door and window openings shall be sealed with glass glue. See accompanying drawing 6: Enlarged drawing A of the d-d section of the door and window opening.

Claims (3)

1. A prefabricated passive house exterior wall with doors and windows installed, characterized in that it includes a rectangular sheet wall with door and window installation openings, the wall includes an inner wall and an outer wall, and the inner wall and the outer wall There is an insulation board in the middle of the wall as the insulation layer; the insulation layer is made of GPES rigid foam composite plastic insulation board or polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate rigid foam composite plastic insulation board; the insulation layer of the door and window installation opening is an L-shaped cross-sectional structure The outer side of the top of the door and window frame and the outer side of the left and right sides of the door and window frame are closely matched with the L-shaped section of the insulation layer. The height is 2/3 of the edge of the door and window frame; the additional profile of the window frame that is close to the bottom of the door and window opening of the inner page wall and the door and window frame is installed with 3-5 cm wide and flush with the height of the additional profile of the window frame. Cement mortar is laid on the bottom of the opening of the wall, door and window, and the insulation material is squeezed and fixed; the inner window sill is installed above the cement mortar; door and window connectors are installed on the inner page wall, and the doors and windows are fixed on the outer wall of the prefabricated passive house through the door and window connectors. Insulation layer parts; the gap between the door and window frame and the wall insulation layer is filled and sealed with elastic foam strips, and the gap between the window frame and the inner page wall is filled and sealed with mortar; the door and window frame and the inner page wall are sealed with waterproof and air-proof tape , The door and window frame and the outer page wall are sealed with waterproof and breathable tape. 2. The exterior wall of a prefabricated passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that two pre-pressed sealing strips parallel to the plane of the exterior wall are pasted on the bottom edge of the door and window opening of the exterior wall; the length of the pre-compressed sealing strip is equal to the width of the door and window . 3. The exterior wall of a prefabricated passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that a T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is pasted on the exposed root of the outdoor window frame; For the construction of the side wall, make the olecranon waterproof on the top of the door and window opening; paste T-shaped alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on the exposed root of the indoor window frame, and use polymer mortar to plaster the surface to complete the side wall construction around the indoor door and window opening; The edges of door and window frames and door and window openings are sealed with glass glue.