CN104920158A - Erythrophloeum ferdii cuttage shoot field cultivating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating cuttings and cuttings of lattice wood in a field. By selecting 1-year-old seedlings or cuttage seedlings with good health and no pests and diseases as mother plants for cultivating ear picking, an ear picking nursery is established on a field with good drainage, deep soil and fertile soil for planting. For the ear-picking mother plant, within 40-50 days of planting, high-intensity cutting and cutting of the ear-picking mother plant at a height of 10cm-15cm from the ground is carried out, and 1-2 pairs of pinnae are retained, controlled and managed, and excellent quality is cultivated. Robust lattice wood cuttings. The present invention uses high-quality lattice tree seedlings or cutting seedlings as ear-picking mother plants to establish ear-picking nurseries in the field, adapting to the natural environment. The plants are kept young, the mother plant has a long service life, and the reproductive coefficient of the trellis is improved; the construction period of the picking nursery is shorter than that of the greenhouse, the investment is less, the yield is high, the operation is simple and the cost is low, and the advantages of large-scale cutting propagation of the trellis are provided. It has good economic, social and ecological benefits.

Description

Field Cultivation Method of Trellis Cuttings and Cuttings

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and relates to a field cultivation method of trellis cuttage cuttings.

Background technique

Erythrophleum fordii Oliv is an evergreen tall tree, one of the three famous hardwood tree species in Guangxi. Naturally distributed in my country's Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan and other provinces, Vietnam and Laos are also distributed, and distributed in low mountains and hills below 800 m. It is an important component of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests. Gemu is a precious timber tree species with high economic value. Its wood is odorless, straight in texture, fine and solid in structure. After thousands of years of immortality, it is as hard as iron with a specific gravity of 0.67. It has no shrinkage after drying, so it is called iron wood. , it is corrosion-resistant, insect-resistant and moisture-resistant, and is mainly used in the production of high-end furniture and handicrafts. Gemu is an evergreen tree species with a beautiful tree body, developed root system and root nodules, so it is also one of the important tree species for building urban landscape forests and ecological public welfare forests. Gemu has important medicinal value. The natural forest resources of Gemu have been deforested for a long time, and the lack of effective protection has led to a sharp decrease in the number of wild Gemu populations, and the endangered situation has become increasingly serious. One, therefore, it is urgent to protect and expand the propagation and cultivation of this precious tree species.

Due to the lack of people's awareness of the protection of precious tree species, coupled with the drive of economic interests, long-term deforestation has led to the lack of resources of the mother tree of Gemu, and it is very difficult to collect seeds, which limits the scale of sexual reproduction and is not conducive to the protection of Gemu. Therefore, the asexual cutting propagation of gemu is an important means to solve the shortage of gemu. It is of great significance to speed up the afforestation and development of gemu, the protection of endangered tree species in Guangxi and the demand for precious solid wood furniture in people's life. Invention patent "A method for propagating trellis cuttings" (patent number: ZL201310402218.5), has invented a method for propagating trellis cuttings. This method has been studied in the cultivation of ear-picking mother plants in container cups, but in field cultivation No in-depth research has been carried out on ear picking mother plants.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the present invention: in order to overcome the high cost of container cup ear breeding and the blankness in field cultivation of the existing lattice wood cutting cuttings, it is intended to provide a kind of ear picking mother plant that is easy to manage, low in cost, good in adapting to natural conditions and capable of breeding. A field cultivation method for cuttings and earings of trellis trees with high coefficient.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A method for cultivating ear-picking cuttings in the field, comprising selection of ear-picking mother plants, establishment of ear-picking nurseries, and management of ear-picking mother plants. Establish an ear-picking nursery on the ground, cut off the mother plant with high strength, keep 1 to 2 pairs of pinnae leaves for cutting piles, and regulate and manage to obtain excellent and robust lattice wood cuttings. The operation steps are as follows:

(1) selection of ear-picking mother plant: select good and strong grid tree seedlings or cutting seedlings without disease and insect pests as the ear-picking mother plant;

(2) Establish ear-picking gardens: select well-drained, deep, fertile field plots, carry out deep plowing and crushing, mix fertilizers and raise borders, plant ear-picking mother plants, and pour enough water for rooting after planting;

(3) High-intensity cut-off of ear-picking mother plants: within 40 to 50 days of planting, high-intensity cut-off of planted ear-picking mother plants, fertilization immediately after cut-off, and 80% mancozeb sprayed with fungicide as usual Ultrafine wettable powder 800 times solution for disease prevention;

(4) Management of ear-picking mother plants: After planting, sprinkle water according to the dryness and wetness of the border surface to keep the border surface moist; when the sprouting strips grow to 8 cm to 12 cm, they can be cut as cuttings for cuttings; cut cuttings every time After that, immediately fertilize and spray 80% mancozeb ultrafine wettable powder 800 times solution or 50% thiram wettable powder 800 times solution according to the routine to prevent diseases; when there are insect pests, spray insecticides in time according to the routine .

The above-mentioned selection of ear-picking mother plants is to select 1-year-old seedlings or cutting seedlings with a seedling height of 30-45 cm and a ground diameter of 5-8 mm.

The above-mentioned mixed fertilizer is to spread 300 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 200 Kg of garbage treatment fertilizer per mu, and stir the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and garbage treatment fertilizer with the seedling surface soil evenly. 15 cm high from the furrow.

The above-mentioned planting and picking mother plants are planted according to the specifications of the row spacing of 15-20 cm × 25 cm.

The above-mentioned high-intensity cut-off is to cut off the mother plant at a height of 10-15 cm from the ground, and keep 1-2 pairs of pinnate leaves after the mother plant is cut-off.

The above-mentioned fertilization immediately after cutting is a mixed water fertilizer with a mass concentration of 1.5-1.8% Russian compound fertilizer + 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% compound sodium nitrophenolate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. This method selects 1-year-old strong high-quality lattice tree seedlings or cutting seedlings as the mother plant for picking ears to establish a picking garden in the field plot to adapt to the natural environment. The quality of the mother plant is excellent, the germination is fast and many, and the spikes are high-quality and strong. The ear-picking mother plant keeps young, the mother plant has a long service life, and the reproduction coefficient of the tree is improved.

2. This method cuts off the mother plant with high strength and suitable height, and retains 1 to 2 pairs of pinnate leaves so that it can carry out photosynthesis to produce nutrients, ensure the nutrients needed for bud differentiation, and increase the number of buds.

3. This method can significantly improve the yield of cuttings and the quality of cuttings, and the cuttings are uniform and moderate in thickness; the construction of ear gardens has the advantages of shorter period than greenhouses, less investment, high yield, simple operation and low cost; Cutting propagation provides guarantee, which is of great significance to the protection and accelerated development of endangered tree species, and has good economic, social and ecological benefits.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with the embodiment, the method for cultivating lattice wood cuttings and cuttings will be further described, but the protection scope of the method is not limited to the following specific examples, and all simple deduction and replacement based on the following ideas related to it belong to the implementation of the present invention.

Example 1:

Select excellent, robust, 1-year-old seedlings or cutting seedlings with a height of 30 cm and a ground diameter of 5 mm without pests and diseases as the mother plant for picking ears; Sprinkle 300 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 200 kg of waste treatment fertilizer and stir evenly with the seedling surface soil, start the border with a width of 1.2 m and a height of 15 cm, and plant ear-picking mother plants according to the specifications of the row spacing of 15 cm×25 cm; After planting for 50 days, cut off the stem at a height of 10 cm, and keep 1 to 2 pairs of pinnate leaves on the cutting pile; after planting, pour enough water for root setting, and then spray water depending on the dryness and wetness of the border surface to keep the border surface moist; ear picking Immediately after the mother plant is cut dry, spray a mixed water fertilizer with a mass concentration of 1.5% Russian compound fertilizer + 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% sodium nitrophenolate, and spray 80% mancozeb supermicro fungicide as usual Wet powder 800 times solution for disease prevention; when the sprouted strips grow to 8 cm to 15 cm, they are cut in time as cuttings for cuttings, and immediately after cutting the cuttings, immediately spray Russian compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 1.5% + 0.5% phosphoric acid Potassium dihydrogen + 0.2% compound sodium nitrophenolate mixed water and fertilizer, and spray 80% solution of mancozeb ultrafine wettable powder 800 times solution of fungicide or 800 times solution of 50% thiram wettable powder as usual to prevent diseases; insect pests When the time comes, spray insecticides in time according to the routine to kill insects. In this case, an average of 16 high-quality spikes can be obtained for each ear-picking mother plant throughout the year.

Example 2:

Select excellent, robust, 1-year-old, seedlings with a height of 38 cm and a ground diameter of 6.5 mm or cutting seedlings without pests and diseases as the mother plant for ear picking; Sprinkle 300 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 200 kg of waste treatment fertilizer and stir evenly with the seedling surface soil, start the border with a width of 1.2 m and a height of 15 cm, and plant ear-picking mother plants according to the specifications of the row spacing of 18 cm×25 cm; After planting for 45 days, cut off the stem at a height of 13 cm, and keep 1 to 2 pairs of pinnate leaves on the cutting pile; after planting, pour enough water for rooting, and then spray water depending on the dryness and wetness of the border surface to keep the border surface moist; ear picking Immediately after the mother plant is cut dry, spray the mixed water fertilizer with a mass concentration of 1.6% Russian compound fertilizer + 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% sodium nitrophenolate, and spray 80% mancozeb supermicro fungicide as usual Wet powder 800 times solution for disease prevention; when the sprouted strips grow to 8 cm to 15 cm, they are cut in time as cuttings for cuttings, and immediately after each cutting, the Russian compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 1.6% + 0.4% phosphoric acid is applied Potassium dihydrogen + 0.2% compound sodium nitrophenolate mixed water and fertilizer, and spray 80% solution of mancozeb ultrafine wettable powder 800 times solution of fungicide or 800 times solution of 50% thiram wettable powder as usual to prevent diseases; insect pests When the time comes, spray insecticides in time according to the routine to kill insects. In this case, an average of 18 high-quality spikes can be obtained for each ear-picking mother plant throughout the year.

Example 3:

Select excellent and robust seedlings or cuttings seedlings with a seedling height of 45 cm and a ground diameter of 8 mm, which are 1 year old, without pests and diseases, as the mother plant for ear picking; Sprinkle 300 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 200 kg of waste treatment fertilizer and stir evenly with the seedling surface soil, set up the border with a width of 1.2 m and a height of 15 cm, and plant the ear-picking mother plant according to the specifications of the row spacing of 20 cm×25 cm; After planting for 40 days, cut off the stem at a height of 15 cm, and keep 1 to 2 pairs of pinnate leaves on the cutting pile; after planting, pour enough water for rooting, and then spray water depending on the dryness and wetness of the border surface to keep the border surface moist; ear picking Immediately after the mother plant is cut dry, spray a mixed water fertilizer with a mass concentration of 1.8% Russian compound fertilizer + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% sodium nitrophenolate, and spray 80% mancozeb supermicro fungicide as usual Wettable powder 800 times solution for disease prevention; when the sprouted strips grow to 8 cm to 15 cm, they are cut in time as cuttings and used as cuttings. Immediately after each cutting, spray Russian compound fertilizer with a mass concentration of 1.8% + 0.3% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% compound sodium nitrophenolate mixed water and fertilizer, and spray 800 times solution of 80% mancozeb ultrafine wettable powder or 800 times solution of 50% thiram wettable powder as a fungicide to prevent diseases; In case of insect infestation, spray insecticide in time according to the routine to kill insects. In this case, an average of 20 high-quality spikes can be obtained throughout the year for each ear-picking mother plant.

Claims (6)

1. an erythrophloeum ferdii cuttage cuttings land for growing field crops breeding method, comprise mother plant for cutting to select, set up cutting orchard, mother plant for cutting management operation, it is characterized in that: by selecting the excellent healthy and strong nursery stock without damage by disease and insect as cultivation mother plant for cutting, cutting orchard is set up in land for growing field crops, 1 ~ 2 pair of leatherleaf, regulation and administration are retained to mother plant for cutting high strength cutting strunk, stump, obtain the erythrophloeum ferdii cuttings of excellent stalwartness, its operating procedure is as follows:

(1) mother plant for cutting is selected: select the excellent healthy and strong erythrophloeum ferdii seedling without damage by disease and insect or cuttage seeding carpentery workshop to be mother plant for cutting;

(2) set up cutting orchard: select the plot, land for growing field crops that draining is good, soil layer is deep, fertile, carry out deep ploughing and smash, mix a fertile furrow, plantation mother plant for cutting, drenches sufficient normal root water after field planting;

(3) mother plant for cutting high strength cutting strunk: in plantation 40 ~ 50 days, carries out high strength cutting strunk to the mother plant for cutting of plantation, applies fertilizer immediately, and spray the 800 times of solution diseases preventions of microbial inoculum 80 % mancozeb ultra micro wetting powder routinely after cutting strunk;

(4) mother plant for cutting management: the dry wet situation trickle in field planting backsight furrow face, keeps furrow face moistening; When rudiment bar grows to 8 cm ~ 12 cm, can cut and carry out cuttage as cuttings; After often cutting a cuttings, fertilising immediately also sprays microbial inoculum 80% mancozeb ultra micro wetting powder 800 times of solution or the 800 times of solution diseases preventions of 50 % thiram wettable powders routinely; Insecticide desinsection is sprayed routinely in time during damaged by vermin.

2. the erythrophloeum ferdii cuttage cuttings land for growing field crops breeding method according to claim l, is characterized in that: it is height of seedling 30 ~ 45 cm of selection life in 1 year, the seedling of leading thread 5 ~ 8 mm or cuttage seeding that described mother plant for cutting is selected.

3. the erythrophloeum ferdii cuttage cuttings land for growing field crops breeding method according to claim l, it is characterized in that: a described fertile furrow of mixing are sprinkled into fused calcium magnesium phosphate 300 kg, fertile 200 Kg of garbage disposal by every mu, and fused calcium magnesium phosphate and garbage disposal fertilizer are stirred evenly with nursery ground surface soil, play furrow by furrow face width 1.2 m, high 15 cm.

4. the erythrophloeum ferdii cuttage cuttings land for growing field crops breeding method according to claim l, is characterized in that: described plantation mother plant for cutting is planted by the specification of seeding row spacing 15 ~ 20 cm × 25 cm.

5. the erythrophloeum ferdii cuttage cuttings land for growing field crops breeding method according to claim l, is characterized in that: described high strength cutting strunk is to the eminence cutting strunk of mother plant for cutting at trunk distance ground 10 ~ 15 cm, retains 1 ~ 2 pair of leatherleaf after mother plant for cutting cutting strunk.

6. the erythrophloeum ferdii cuttage cuttings land for growing field crops breeding method according to claim l, is characterized in that: after described cutting strunk, fertilising immediately drenches to execute the mixing liquid manure that mass concentration is potassium dihydrogen phosphate+0.2 % compound sodium nitrophenolate of Russian composite fertilizer+0.3 ~ 0.5 % of 1.5 ~ 1.8 %.