CN104901365A - Lead-acid battery pulse charging control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a lead-acid battery pulse charging control system, which includes a charging controller, a man-machine interface controller, and the charging controller and the man-machine interface controller are connected to each other through a serial port communication module, and the charging controller is connected to the voltage at both ends of the battery, Power supply voltage detection module, battery temperature detection module, discharge pulse module, charging pulse module, battery charging current module, battery discharge current module, temperature control module; the human-machine interface controller is connected to the keyboard module, display module, and real-time clock module. The user can set the charging parameters, including the selection of the charging mode and the setting of the charging time. The system program will judge the charging mode selected by the user according to the collected information, and complete the charging process through internal program control. During the charging process, real-time The state monitoring and control of battery charging and discharging can achieve the effect of fast and safe charging of lead-acid batteries.

Description

A lead-acid battery pulse charging control system

technical field

The invention relates to a lead-acid battery pulse charging control system, which belongs to the field of lead-acid batteries and is suitable for fast charging of lead-acid batteries.

Background technique

Fully sealed maintenance-free lead-acid batteries have the advantages of good sealing, no leakage, no pollution, and no maintenance, and are widely used. The matching lead-acid battery charger needs to solve the problem of fast charging on the one hand, and on the other hand The problem of charging quality and charging efficiency. During the charging process of the battery, especially in the later stage of charging, the polarization phenomenon of the battery is very serious. On the one hand, it will lead to a decrease in the current charging acceptance rate and a decrease in charging efficiency. The battery produces gassing phenomenon, which accelerates battery aging and reduces battery life and cycle utilization rate. Therefore, the battery must be depolarized in a timely manner during the charging process. On the other hand, because the internal resistance of the battery itself is very small Therefore, it is particularly necessary to provide a safe, fast charging method and control system capable of monitoring the whole process.

Traditional lead-acid battery charging methods include constant voltage charging method, constant current charging method, constant current-constant voltage charging method, etc.

The constant voltage charging method keeps the charging voltage at a constant value. Because the internal resistance of the battery is very small, the battery’s own voltage is very low at the initial stage of charging. Constant voltage charging will cause the initial charging current to be too high and cause the battery to produce gassing. In the later stage of charging, the charging voltage is small, and the battery will be undercharged. Therefore, the charging time of the constant voltage charging method is long, and the battery overcharge and undercharge processes reduce the service life of the battery.

The constant current charging method keeps the charging current at a constant value. The current selection of the constant current charging method must be moderate. If the current is too large, the battery will be overcharged in the later stage of charging. The charging current of the battery in the early stage of charging is too small, which prolongs the charging time of the battery.

Constant current-constant voltage charging method, that is, to use constant current charging method at the initial stage of charging to avoid excessive initial charging current, resulting in outgassing and temperature rise of the battery. When the battery voltage rises to a certain value, constant voltage charging is used to effectively suppress The outgassing and temperature rise of the battery in the late charging period. Although the constant voltage and constant current two-stage charging method solves the overcharge phenomenon of the battery, it cannot increase the charging rate of the battery, and the charging time is still long.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention adopts the pulse charging method, and provides a pulse charging control system for lead-acid batteries, which has two modes of timing charging and charging to full, and the user can complete the charging parameters through the data input by the keyboard. The user can set the charging time by himself, the charging system can judge whether the battery type and the charger match the battery, and complete the precise control of multiple parameters in the charging process on the basis of correct matching, so as to complete the pulse charging process more quickly and safely .

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A lead-acid battery pulse charge control system, comprising a charge controller (1), a man-machine interface controller (2); the charge controller (1) and the man-machine interface controller (2) communicate with each other through a serial port communication module (14) connected to realize data exchange between the two control systems during the entire charging and discharging process; the charging controller (1) is connected to two types of voltage detection modules (3), battery temperature detection module (4), and discharge pulse module (8) , charging pulse module (9), battery charging current module (5), battery discharging current module (6), temperature control module (12); described man-machine interface controller (2) connects keyboard module (10), display Module (11), real-time clock module (13).

The charging controller (1) and the human-machine interface controller (2) of the present invention are the core of the entire charging control system, the two controllers are connected to each other through functional pins, and the data of the two controllers is realized through the serial port communication module. exchange.

In the technical solution of the present invention, after starting the charging system, the system is initialized, and firstly detects whether the power cord of the charging system is connected properly, and if not, reminds the user through the display module; if the power cord connection detection is passed, then detects whether the battery is connected properly , if there is a problem with the battery connection, the man-machine interface controller will remind the user through the display module; if the battery connection passes the test, the man-machine interface controller will judge the type and quantity of the battery according to the stored data. After that, the user can set the charging parameters, including the selection of the charging mode and the setting of the charging time. The system program will judge the charging mode selected by the user according to the collected information, and complete the charging process through internal program control.

This technical solution can set or change the charging mode and charging parameters before charging through the keyboard module (10); the display module (11) assists in setting the charging mode and charging parameters before charging, and displays the charging voltage and charging parameters during charging Current, battery temperature, battery power parameters. The charging controller (1) controls the temperature of the battery during the charging and discharging process of the battery through the temperature control module (12). The man-machine interface controller (2) and the real-time clock module (13) are used for timing and fault time recording of the battery during the charging process, and can monitor and control the charging and discharging status of the battery in real time, so as to achieve the effect of fast and safe charging of the lead-acid battery

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this technical solution are:

(1) The battery pulse charging control system has two modes of timing charging and charging to full, which are convenient for users to choose and use. Users can set the charging time by themselves through the keyboard to complete the setting of charging parameters;

(2) The charging system can judge whether the battery type and the charger match the battery, and is suitable for charging lead-acid batteries of different types and capacities;

(3) The charging system adopts the pulse charging mode to perform timing pulse charging and timing pulse discharging, which can reduce the polarization effect and shorten the charging time, which belongs to fast charging.

(4) Adopt the dual controller form of man-machine interface controller and charging controller, which greatly improves the operating efficiency of the charging system, which can not only realize the real-time monitoring of various parameters during the charging process, but also provide effective man-machine interface information .

(5) The charging system monitors the power supply voltage, charge and discharge current, battery terminal voltage, and temperature in real time during the charging process, which ensures the effective control of the charging power and avoids the lack of monitoring of the power supply voltage, charging current, and battery temperature. Security incidents caused by surveillance.

As a further improvement to the technical solution, the battery charging current module (5) and the battery discharging current module (6) are connected to the charging controller (1) through an analog switching module (7); the battery charging current module (5) and The battery discharge current module (6) collects current signals during the charging and discharging process of the battery, and realizes charge and discharge control of the battery according to the collected charge and discharge current.

As a further improvement to the technical solution, the discharge pulse module (8) and the charging pulse module (9) are connected to the charging controller (1) through functional pins, and the power drive circuit is used to realize intermittent pulse charging and pulse charging of the battery. discharge function.

As a further improvement to the technical solution, the two types of voltage detection modules (3) and the charging controller (1) are connected to each other through functional pins, and the two types of voltage detection modules (3) are used to determine the open circuit voltage of the battery and the charging supply voltage. Data collection.

As a further improvement to the technical solution, the battery temperature detection module (4) and the charging controller (1) are connected to each other through the function pins, and the battery temperature detection module (4) monitors the temperature of the single lead-acid battery during the charging and discharging process. Data collection.

As a further improvement to the technical solution, the human-machine interface controller (2) is connected to the keyboard module (10) and the display module (11) through function pins; Setting or changing of charging parameters; the display module (11) assists in setting the charging mode and charging parameters before charging, and displays charging voltage, charging current, battery temperature, and battery power parameters during charging.

As a further improvement to the technical solution, the charge controller (1) is connected to the temperature control module (12) through the function pin, and the charge controller (1) is charged and discharged through the temperature control module (12) during the charging and discharging process of the battery. Control the battery temperature.

As a further improvement to the technical solution, the man-machine interface controller (2) is interconnected with the real-time clock module (13) through the function pin, and the real-time clock module (13) provides a time reference for the battery during the charging process. It is used to record the timing and failure time of the charging process.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the logic sequence of the control object of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main parts of the charge controller;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the man-machine interface controller;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of pulse charging drive.

Explanation of reference signs: 1 - charging controller; 2 - man-machine interface controller; 3 - two types of voltage detection modules; 4 - battery temperature detection module; 5 - battery charging current detection module; 6 - battery discharge current detection module; 7-analog switching module; 8-discharging pulse module; 9-charging pulse module; 10-keyboard module; 11-display module; 12-temperature control module; 13-real-time clock module; 14-serial port communication module.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. The present invention covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods and schemes made on the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the claims. In order to make the public have a better understanding of the present invention, in the detailed description of the present invention in the specific embodiments, some specific details are described in detail, and the undescribed parts are conventional techniques in the art.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a lead-acid battery pulse charging control system and its working process, the structure can refer to Figure 1, 3-5, and the control logic can refer to Figure 2.

Charge controller 1, based on Freescale microcontroller MS9S08DZ60, can complete the estimation of battery power according to the detected battery parameters and generate corresponding charging pulses and discharging pulses, which is the core of the control system for charging lead-acid batteries;

Man-machine interface controller 2, based on Freescale MCU MS9S08DZ60, is connected to charging controller 1 through the serial port communication pin, and can receive the user’s setting of charger parameters and send them to charging controller 1 through the serial port. The important parameters related to the charging process sent by the charging controller 1 are displayed to the user through the LCD module LCDX12864;

The two types of voltage detection modules 3 detect the voltage at both ends of the battery and the supply voltage.

The battery temperature detection module 4 is connected to the charging controller 1 through the PTA2 pin after the signal is collected by the sensor and then passed through the amplification and conditioning circuit centered on the LM324, so as to complete the collection of the temperature of the single lead-acid battery during the charging and discharging process;

The battery charging current detection module 5 and the battery discharge current detection module 6 are connected to each other through the function pins and the analog switching module 7CD4067, and connected to the charging controller 1PTA3, PTA4, PTD0 and PTD1 pins, during the charging process and the discharging process The function selection switching is performed by the charging controller 1, and the data acquisition of the charging current and the discharging current is completed;

Discharge pulse module 8, AD557 and PTC0-PTC7 digital pins of charge controller 1 are connected to each other, after the pulse is generated, it is conditioned by LM324 and then through the power amplifier circuit to complete the intermittent pulse discharge function of the battery during the pulse charging process;

The charging pulse module 9 is connected to the PTB0-PTB7 pins of the charging controller 1, and is controlled by the charging controller 1. After being conditioned by the LM324, the pulse charging of the lead-acid battery is controlled through the power drive circuit composed of Q1-Q4. ;

The keyboard module 10 is connected to the digital pins PTB, PTC, and PTD of the man-machine interface controller 2, and sends the setting or modification of the charging mode and charging parameters by the user to the man-machine interface controller 2 before charging;

Display module 11, LCD12864 and man-machine interface controller 2 are connected to each other through function pins to assist the operator to set charging mode and charging parameters before charging, and display charging voltage, charging current, battery temperature, battery power, etc. during charging Various parameters;

The real-time clock module 13, the function pins of DS1306EN are connected with the SPSCK, MOSI, PTB5 pins of the man-machine interface controller 2 to provide a real-time clock for the charging system for charging timing and recording fault time.

The temperature control module 12 is connected to the PTD2 pin of the charging controller 1. When the temperature exceeds the limit value, the cooling control of the battery temperature can be performed through the output signal of the PTD2 pin to ensure the charging safety of the battery.

The serial port communication module 14 is connected to the charge controller 1 and the man-machine interface controller 2 respectively through the function pins to complete the data and information exchange function between the charge controller 1 and the man-machine interface controller 2 during the battery charging process .

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the logic sequence of the control objects of the present invention. According to the embodiment of the present invention, a working process of a lead-acid battery pulse charging control system is provided.

After starting the charging system, the system is initialized. First, it detects whether the power line of the charging system is connected well. If it is not connected, the user is reminded through the LCD display module 11; Problem, the man-machine interface controller 2 will remind the user through the LCD display module 11; if the battery connection passes the test, the man-machine interface controller 2 will judge the type and quantity of the battery according to the stored data. After that, the user can set the charging parameters, including the selection of the charging mode and the setting of the charging time. The system program will judge the charging mode selected by the user according to the collected information, and complete the charging process through internal program control.

If the user selects the charging to full mode, the man-machine interface controller 2 will send the set value to the charging controller 1 through the serial communication module 14, and start the clock module at the same time, and the charging controller 1 will start after receiving the signal and confirming that it is correct. Charging process: First, collect the power supply voltage and send it to the human-machine interface controller 2, and the human-machine interface controller 2 will display it on the LCD display module 11 after receiving it; then, the charging controller 1 starts the pulse charging program and performs single-pulse charging Timing, during the charging process, the system regularly collects the terminal voltage, charging voltage, charging current and battery temperature of the battery through two types of voltage detection modules 3 and estimates the battery power, and the charging controller 1 sends the above four parameters to the human interface control The charging controller 2 displays in real time. The charging controller 1 controls the single pulse charging time through the internal timer. If the timing is up, the pulse charging will stop and enter the intermittent stage. Similarly, the charging controller 1 also controls the duration of the intermittent stage through the timer. After the stage, start the pulse discharge program and control the pulse discharge time. During the discharge process, the system regularly collects the terminal voltage, discharge voltage, discharge current and battery temperature of the battery through two types of voltage detection modules 3 and estimates the battery power. The above four parameters are sent to the man-machine interface controller 2 for display, and if the discharge time ends, the single-pulse discharge is stopped and enters the intermittent stage. During the charging and discharging process, the program will judge whether the battery is full through the regularly detected battery voltage, current, and temperature. Remind the user that if the battery is not fully charged, repeat the above-mentioned single-pulse charging, intermittent, discharging, and intermittent charging processes until the battery is fully charged.

If the user selects the timing charging mode, the man-machine interface controller 2 will send the setting parameters to the charging controller 1 through the serial communication module 14, and start the clock module at the same time, and the charging controller 1 will start after receiving the human signal and confirming that it is correct. The pulse charging process is the same as charging to full. During the charging process, it will regularly detect whether it is full. If it is full, the charging process will end as soon as possible. The difference is that if it is not full, the charging process will end according to the charging time set by the user.

Regardless of whether the user selects the regular charging mode or the charging-to-full mode, the charging system will record the fault time and fault code during the charging and discharging process, and remind the user on the display module 11 .

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system, comprise charge controller (1), human-machine interface controller (2), it is characterized in that: described charge controller (1) and human-machine interface controller (2) are interconnected by serial communication modular (14), realize the exchanges data of two control system in whole charge and discharge process; Described charge controller (1) connects two class voltage detection module (3), battery temperature detection module (4), discharge pulse module (8), charging pulse module (9), battery charge module (5), battery discharge current module (6), temperature control module (12); Described human-machine interface controller (2) connecting key disk module (10), display module (11), real-time clock module (13).

2. a kind of lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described battery charge module (5) is connected charge controller (1) with battery discharge current module (6) by analog quantity handover module (7); Battery charge module (5) and battery discharge current module (6) carry out the collection of current signal in battery charging, discharge process, and realize the charge and discharge control to battery according to the charging and discharging currents gathered.

3. a kind of lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described discharge pulse module (8), charging pulse module (9) are all interconnected by functional pin with charge controller (1), utilize power driving circuit to realize battery intermittently impulse charging and pulsed discharge function.

4. a kind of lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: two described class voltage detection module (3) and charge controller (1) are interconnected by functional pin, and the data of two class voltage detection module (3) to battery open circuit voltage, charging pressure gather.

5. a kind of lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described battery temperature detection module (4) and charge controller (1) are interconnected by functional pin, and battery temperature detection module (4) is let slip monomer lead-acid battery temperature data in journey to charging and gathered.

6. a kind of lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described human-machine interface controller (2) is interconnected by functional pin and Keysheet module (10), display module (11); Keysheet module (10) is before charging to setting or the change of charge mode, charge parameter; Display module (11) is auxiliary before charging arranges charge mode, charge parameter, and in charging process, show charging voltage, charging current, battery temperature, battery electric quantity parameter.

7. a kind of lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charge controller (1) is interconnected by functional pin and temperature control module (12), and charge controller (1) is controlled battery temperature in battery charge and discharge process by temperature control module (12).

8. a kind of lead-acid battery pulse current charge control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described human-machine interface controller (2) is interconnected by functional pin and real-time clock module (13), real-time clock module (13) provides time reference, for charging process timing and the record of fault time for battery in charging process.