CN104868714B - A kind of high-voltage capacitor charging device based on ultracapacitor cascade - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-voltage capacitor charging device based on cascaded supercapacitors, wherein the high-voltage end of a cascaded supercapacitor bank system (2) is connected in series with a current-limiting inductance (3) and connected to No. 1 input end of an automatic switching circuit (4). The two outlets of each unit in the supercapacitor bank cascade system (2) are connected with the input end of the switch controller (1). The No. 2 input end of the automatic switching circuit (4) is connected to the positive pole of the switching circuit current source (6). The output end of the automatic switching circuit (4) is connected with the high voltage end of the high voltage capacitor (5); the low voltage end of the high voltage capacitor (5) is grounded through the current measuring coil (8). The voltage input positive terminal of the measurement and sampling circuit (7) is connected with the output terminal of the automatic switching circuit (4), the current input terminal of the measurement and sampling circuit (7) is connected with the current measurement coil (8), and the measurement and sampling circuit ( 7) The output end is connected with the switch controller (1).

Description

A high-voltage capacitor charging device based on supercapacitor cascading

technical field

The invention relates to a high-voltage capacitor charging device.

Background technique

The electric spark source is a device for exploring geological conditions through the discharge of a high-voltage capacitor. The voltage range of the high-voltage capacitor is 1KV and above, and a high-voltage power supply is required to charge it. The initial method was to boost and rectify the 220V or 380V power grid voltage through a power frequency transformer to form a high-voltage power supply to charge the high-voltage capacitor. Later, it developed into a high-frequency switching technology to reduce the size of the power frequency transformer. The primary energy sources of the charging power supply are generally grid electric energy and diesel generators, but in mountainous areas, the above two primary energy sources are limited. With the development of supercapacitor technology, it is possible to provide initial energy by supercapacitors, and supercapacitors can be divided into modules with small volume and weight, which can be carried by manpower to areas that are difficult for vehicles to make the application of electric spark source in mountainous areas become possible.

There are two ways to use the supercapacitor bank as the initial energy charging system. One is the supercapacitor bank and the high-frequency charging power supply. ; One is connected in series by supercapacitor banks using cascade topology, and directly outputs high voltage to charge the capacitors. In the charging system in which supercapacitor banks are connected in cascaded topology, when the capacity of the high-voltage capacitor is large, a current-limiting inductor with a large inductance needs to be added to limit the charging current to the allowable charging current of the high-voltage capacitor. Larger current-limiting inductors not only cause increased losses, but are also difficult to implement in engineering and have a large volume. In order to avoid this situation, the simple method is to divide the large-capacity high-voltage capacitors into multiple groups and charge them separately, but this method must connect high-voltage and high-current switches in series at the output end of each group of high-voltage capacitors, which also increases the size and cost of the system. rate increased.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and proposes a high-voltage capacitor charging device based on cascaded supercapacitors. The present invention is suitable for charging high-capacity high-voltage capacitors with a target charging voltage of 1KV and above.

The device includes 8 components: switch controller, supercapacitor bank cascade system, current limiting inductor, automatic switching circuit, high voltage capacitor, switch circuit current source, measurement and sampling circuit, current measurement coil. The high-voltage side of the supercapacitor cascade system is connected in series with the current-limiting inductor and connected to the No. 1 input terminal of the automatic switching circuit, and the low-voltage side of the supercapacitor cascade system is grounded; each unit in the supercapacitor cascade system leads to two ends: The negative terminal of the supercapacitor is connected to the trigger terminal of the IGBT, and the negative terminal of the supercapacitor is connected to the trigger terminal of the IGBT with the switch controller; the No. 2 input terminal of the automatic switching circuit is connected to the positive pole of the current source of the switching circuit, and the negative pole of the current source of the switching circuit is grounded , the output end of the automatic switching circuit is connected to the high voltage end of the high voltage capacitor; the low voltage end of the high voltage capacitor is grounded through the current measurement coil; the positive end of the voltage input of the measurement and sampling circuit is connected to the output end of the automatic switching circuit, and the measurement and sampling circuit The negative terminal of the voltage input is grounded, the current input terminal of the measuring and sampling circuit is connected with the current measuring coil, and the output terminal of the measuring and sampling circuit is connected with the switch controller.

The supercapacitor bank cascade system is composed of N supercapacitor banks, and each supercapacitor bank is composed of a supercapacitor and a high-voltage power switch IGBT connected in series and then connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode. integer.

In the process of charging the high-voltage capacitor, the high-voltage power switch IBGT of the supercapacitor bank cascaded system works in the soft switching state. When the current signal of the high-voltage capacitor branch is 0, the measurement and sampling circuit gives In the supercapacitor bank cascade system, the high-voltage power switch IGBT adjacent to the supercapacitor bank that has been put into use sends out a trigger signal to start the supercapacitor bank connected in series, and continues to charge the high-voltage capacitor to increase its voltage again. During the triggering and opening process of each high-voltage power switch IGBT, this soft switching characteristic not only limits the power loss of the IGBT tube itself, but also limits the overvoltage generated by the IGBT tube at the moment of turning on and the uneven heating of the internal unit cell, ensuring The uniform diffusion of the unit cell inside the IGBT avoids the reduction of service life caused by frequent operation of the device.

The time required for the high-voltage capacitor to be fully charged to the rated voltage is divided into N+1 sections, that is, N sections of supercapacitor bank cascade system charging time and 1 section of switching circuit current source charging fine-tuning time, N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The value of N in the charging time of the cascaded system of N supercapacitor banks is the same as the value of N in the N supercapacitor banks. The value of N can be determined according to the user's needs for the maximum target voltage. Generally, the sum of the voltages of N groups of supercapacitors is at least equal to half of the highest target charging voltage of the capacitors, and the maximum is equal to the highest target voltage of the capacitors. Assuming that the user's requirement for the highest charging voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is 12kV, the high-voltage power supply voltage required for charging in the full resonance state of the system is 6kV. If the voltage of each supercapacitor bank is 1000V except for the lowest one-level voltage, the minimum Level 7 is required, ie N equals 7. If the system deviates from the resonance state, a 12kV high-voltage power supply is required according to the principle of maximum safety. If the voltage of each level of supercapacitor bank is 1000V except for the lowest level of 500V, a minimum of 12 levels is required, that is, N is equal to 12. The larger the value of N, the greater the protection advantage of the cascade circuit to the supercapacitor bank, and vice versa. Therefore, under this requirement, the reliability of the system is satisfied, and finally N is 12. During the charging time of the N-segment supercapacitor bank cascaded system, the supercapacitor bank cascaded system adjusts the output charging voltage in a large range, that is, within a voltage range of 1000V and beyond.

The above-mentioned process is analyzed as follows: in the charging time period of the voltage adjustment, corresponding to the N segment, the switch controller controls the charging of the high-voltage capacitor, and the N-channel drive signal terminals output by the switch controller are respectively connected to the control terminals of N high-voltage power switch IGBTs. The measurement and sampling circuit measures the voltage at both ends of the high-voltage capacitor. The current measurement coil is set on the charging circuit to measure the charging current, and the current signal is sent to the measurement and sampling circuit. The charging current value measured by the circuit is used for protection and control. If the voltage of the first group of supercapacitors is U, and the voltage of the rest of the supercapacitors is 2U, the selected supercapacitors will be grouped and numbered, and the switch controller will put each supercapacitor into operation one by one according to the numbering sequence of the supercapacitors. , when the charging voltage reaches the integer of the lower limit of the preset charging voltage, enter the micro boost time period. During the charging micro-boost time of the current source, the supercapacitor cascaded system stops working, the switching circuit current source is put into operation, and the switching circuit current source adjusts the output charging voltage in a small range, that is, within the voltage range of 1000V, so that the voltage can be continuously Adjustment to achieve no extreme difference, to ensure that the high voltage capacitor is charged to the preset voltage value.

Since the supercapacitors have the same nominal capacity and the same current-limiting inductance value, in the circuit structure of this device, when each stage of supercapacitor bank is put into operation, within the charging time of the N-segment supercapacitor bank cascaded system, each sequence The charging current is the same, and when each stage of supercapacitor bank is put into operation, the difference between the output voltage of the supercapacitor cascaded system and the load voltage is equal.

During the charging time of each N-segment supercapacitor bank cascaded system, the circuit structure can be simplified as supercapacitor bank, current-limiting inductor L, and high-voltage capacitor C connected in series, so the charging circuit works in a resonant state.

During the N-segment supercapacitor cascade charging time, the switch controller receives the measurement signal of the measurement and sampling circuit in real time, and when the current of the high-voltage capacitor branch is collected near a resonance cycle and becomes 0, it is put into the next stage The supercapacitor bank, that is, the supercapacitor bank at all levels of the supercapacitor bank cascade system adopts the method of time-sharing operation.

The above control process is as follows: When the switch controller receives the user’s charging start command, it first sends a trigger pulse to the high-voltage power switch IGBT of the first supercapacitor bank, and puts the first supercapacitor bank into operation, which is equivalent to an output voltage of The power supply of U charges the high voltage capacitor at resonance. In half a resonant cycle, the voltage across the current-limiting inductor gradually decreases from +U to 0, and then gradually increases from 0 to -U in the opposite direction; the charging current gradually increases from 0 to the maximum, and then gradually decreases from the maximum to 0; The voltage at both ends of the high-voltage capacitor starts to rise gradually from 0 to U in 1/4 of the resonance cycle, and then continues to rise to 2U in the next 1/4 of the resonance cycle. At this time, the measurement and sampling circuit detects that the voltage across the high-voltage capacitor has reached U, and has not reached the integer of the lower limit of the target charging voltage value; the current measurement coil measures the current signal in real time and sends it to the measurement and sampling circuit, and the measurement and sampling circuit receives the high-voltage capacitor When the current of the branch circuit becomes 0, the switch controller obtains the information and sends a trigger pulse to the high-voltage power switch IGBT of the second supercapacitor bank to put the second supercapacitor bank into operation. Since the voltage of the second group of supercapacitor banks is 2U, the total output voltage of the supercapacitor bank cascaded system is 3U at this time, and the voltage difference with the high-voltage capacitor is still U, which is still equivalent to the power supply with output voltage U in the resonant state. When the high-voltage capacitor is charged, the maximum value of the charging current remains unchanged. After half a resonant period, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor is 4U. At this time, the third set of supercapacitor banks is put into operation. The total output voltage of the supercapacitor bank cascade system is 5U, and the voltage difference with the high-voltage capacitor is still U. Repeat in sequence. The system stops working, and the charging time of the cascaded system of the first N sections of supercapacitor banks ends. The automatic switching circuit then puts the switching circuit current source into operation and enters the micro-boost stage to charge the capacitor to finally reach the target voltage value.

The positive effect of the present invention is:

1. The control process of the device is clear, the required system components are few, and the failure rate is low.

2. When the device is running, the system works in the soft switching state, which effectively reduces the voltage peak and electromagnetic interference at both ends of the switch, and has good electromagnetic compatibility.

3. When the device is running, the supercapacitor bank cascaded system is put into operation sequentially in a time-sharing manner, which effectively reduces the voltage difference between the supercapacitor bank cascaded high-voltage power supply and the high-voltage capacitor load, thereby reducing the charging current and reducing The pressure on the output current of the supercapacitor bank is reduced, and the development level of the current supercapacitor bank technology is better connected.

4. When the device is running, there is no need to charge the load of large-capacity high-voltage capacitors in groups, which saves the volume and cost of the isolation control switch in the capacitor group, making the charging device more cost-effective.

5. This device overcomes the disadvantage that the cascade charging of non-complementary capacitor banks can only be adjusted in stages. By adding circuits such as switching circuits and current sources, it supplements the function of micro-boosting and achieves the effect of stepless fast charging, ensuring that It ensures the accuracy of the charging voltage and is suitable for variable load voltages to meet the needs of different customers.

6. The device adopts supercapacitor bank cascading to form a DC source, which realizes the characteristics of super large capacity, super long service life, super fast DC source energy storage, and suitable for low temperature conditions.

The device is especially suitable for the fast charging field of high-power high-voltage capacitors, such as the charging of electric spark shock sources.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. In the figure: 1 switch controller, 2 supercapacitor bank cascade system, 3 current limiting inductor, 4 automatic switching circuit, 5 high voltage capacitor load, 6 switching circuit current source, 7 measuring and sampling circuit, 8 current measuring coil;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the concrete implementation of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of timing control in the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the high voltage capacitor charging device of the present invention is composed of 8 parts: control system 1, supercapacitor bank cascade system 2, current limiting inductor 3, automatic switching circuit 4, high voltage capacitor 5, switching circuit current source 6 , Measurement and sampling circuit 7, current measurement coil 8.

The high-voltage side of the supercapacitor bank cascading system 2 is connected in series with the current-limiting inductor 3 and then connected to the No. 1 input terminal of the automatic switching circuit 4, and the low-voltage side of the supercapacitor cascading system 2 is grounded; each unit in the supercapacitor bank cascading system 2 Lead out two ends respectively: the negative end of the supercapacitor and the trigger end of the IGBT, which are respectively connected to the corresponding input end of the switch controller 1; the No. 2 input end of the automatic switching circuit 4 is connected to the positive electrode of the current source 6 of the switching circuit, and the switching circuit The negative pole of the current source 6 is grounded, the output terminal of the automatic switching circuit 4 is connected with the high voltage terminal of the high voltage capacitor 5; the low voltage terminal of the high voltage capacitor 5 is grounded through the current measuring coil 8; the voltage input positive terminal of the measurement and sampling circuit 7 is connected with the automatic switching The output terminal of the cutting circuit 4 is connected, the voltage input negative terminal of the measurement and sampling circuit 7 is grounded, the current input terminal of the measurement and sampling circuit 7 is connected with the current measurement coil 8, and the output terminal of the measurement and sampling circuit 7 is connected with the switch controller 1 .

When the device of the present invention is in operation, first the switch controller 1 receives the user control signal, and sequentially generates the trigger signals required by the high-voltage power switch IGBTs inside the supercapacitor banks of the supercapacitor bank cascade system 2, and puts them into the supercapacitor banks one by one. The charging current flows through the input supercapacitor banks, flows through the current-limiting inductance 3 and the automatic switching circuit 4, and charges the high-voltage capacitor 5. The measurement and sampling circuit 7 detects the voltage value at both ends of the high-voltage capacitor 5 in real time. When the detected voltage value reaches the preset voltage and rounds down to an integer value, the automatic switching circuit 4 will stop the supercapacitor bank cascaded system 2 from running, and simultaneously The switch circuit current source 6 is put into operation, that is, the current switch is the branch circuit of the switch circuit current source 6 . The current passes through this branch and the automatic switching circuit 4 to charge the high-voltage capacitor 5 with a micro-boost until the measurement and sampling circuit 7 detects that the voltage at both ends of the high-voltage capacitor 5 reaches the user's preset voltage value, and the charging is completed. In addition, when the current exceeds the limit and the load is abnormal during the charging stage of the voltage adjustment, the measurement and sampling circuit 7 transmits the fault signal to the switch controller 1, and the switch controller 1 turns off the high-voltage power switch IGBT of the current supercapacitor bank, and Stop sending trigger signals after the next moment. When the current exceeds the limit, the load is abnormal, etc. in the micro-boost stage, the automatic switching circuit 4 works and the switching circuit current source 6 quits working.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of the present invention. In the figure, a charging demand with a load capacitance of 1 mF and a maximum charging voltage of 10.3 kV is taken as an example. Under this control mode, the circuit of the charging device is as shown in Figure 2: the supercapacitor bank cascaded system is selected as 10 levels, that is, N=10, and N here has the same concept as the aforementioned N, wherein the first level The voltage of the supercapacitor bank is 500V, and the voltage of the other 19 levels is 1KV. The maximum output current of the supercapacitor bank is 200A. The control switch in the supercapacitor cascaded system adopts a 1200V, 400A IGBT switch, and the diode uses a 1200V, 400A ordinary diode. The current limiting inductance is selected according to the following formula:

In the above two formulas, C is the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor, △U is the charging voltage difference between two adjacent stages, L is the inductance value of the current-limiting inductor, I is the design value of the maximum charging current, and I _max is the maximum value of the supercapacitor bank. Output current.

Considering factors such as magnetic saturation and limiting di/dt, a 6.5mH, 200A, 15kV inter-turn withstand voltage silicon steel core inductor can be selected.

Under the above parameters, the resonant period T of the charging circuit of the charging device of the present invention is calculated as follows:

Then the charging time of each level of supercapacitor bank should be half cycle 8ms.

The maximum charging current design value is as follows:

In the above two formulas, T is the resonant cycle of the charging circuit of the charging device of the present invention, L is the inductance value of the current-limiting inductor, C is the capacitance value of the high-voltage capacitor, I is the maximum charging current design value, and ΔU is adjacent to two stages The charging voltage difference.

That is, the maximum charging current under this requirement is 196.1A.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of timing control of the device. The switch controller outputs 10 delay trigger signals for controlling the opening and closing of the high-voltage power switch IGBT K1-K10 in the supercapacitor cascaded system. In the figure, 0 level means that the switch is off, and high level means that the switch is on. When charging, first control the first high-voltage power switch IGBTK1 in Figure 2 to close, and the output voltage of supercapacitor bank 1, under the resonance parameters determined by the current-limiting inductance and high-voltage capacitor, the charging current is a sine wave with a period of 16ms. At zero time, that is, at 8ms, the voltage on the high-voltage capacitor reaches 1KV. At this time, the switch controller triggers the first high-voltage power switch IGBT K2 to turn on, and so on. When the voltage on the high-voltage capacitor reaches 10kV at 80ms, the automatic switching circuit will The supercapacitor bank cascaded system is out of operation, and the switching circuit current source is put into operation at the same time. When the output voltage reaches 10.3KV, the charging is completed. According to the foregoing description, the time required for the high-voltage capacitor to be fully charged to the rated voltage is divided into N+1 segments. In this example, N=10, corresponding to 10+1 stages, that is, 10 stages of supercapacitor bank cascade system charging time and 1 stage of current source charging fine adjustment time. When the switch controller receives the user's charging start command (recorded as 0 time), it first sends a trigger pulse to the high-voltage power switch IGBT of the first group of supercapacitors, and the first group of supercapacitors is put into operation, which is equivalent to output A power supply with a voltage of 500V charges the high voltage capacitor load at resonance. In half a resonance cycle, the voltage across the current-limiting inductor gradually decreases from +500V to 0, and then gradually increases from 0 to -500V in the opposite direction; the charging current gradually increases from 0 to the maximum, and then gradually decreases from the maximum to 0; The voltage at both ends of the high-voltage capacitor gradually increases from 0 to +500V in 1/4 of the resonance cycle, and then continues to rise to 1kV in the next 1/4 of the resonance cycle. At this time (recorded as 8ms), the measurement and sampling circuit detects that the voltage across the high-voltage capacitor reaches 1kV, which does not reach the integer of the lower limit of the target charging voltage value. The current coil detects that the current of the high-voltage capacitor branch becomes 0, and the switch controller After obtaining this information, send a trigger pulse to the high-voltage power switch IGBT of the second set of supercapacitor banks, and put the second set of supercapacitor banks into operation. Since the voltage of the second set of supercapacitor banks is 1kV, the supercapacitor banks are cascaded at this time. The total output voltage of the system is 1.5kV, and the voltage difference with the high-voltage capacitor load is still 500V, which is still equivalent to the power supply with an output voltage of 500V charging the high-voltage capacitor load in a resonant state, and the maximum charging current remains unchanged. After half a resonance cycle (recorded as 16ms moment), the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is 2kV. At this time, the measurement and sampling circuit detects that the voltage across the high-voltage capacitor reaches 2kV, which does not reach the integer of the lower limit of the target charging voltage value. The current coil detects that the current of the branch of the high-voltage capacitor becomes 0. The high-voltage power switch IGBT of the 3 sets of supercapacitor banks sends a trigger pulse, and the third set of supercapacitor banks is about to be put into operation. Since the voltage of the third set of supercapacitor banks is 1kV, the total output voltage of the cascaded system of supercapacitor banks is 2.5kV. , the voltage difference with the high-voltage capacitor load is still 500V, which is still equivalent to the power supply with an output voltage of 500V charging the high-voltage capacitor load in a resonance state, and the maximum value of the charging current remains unchanged. After half a resonant cycle (recorded as 24ms moment), the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is 3kV. At this time, the measurement and sampling circuit detects that the voltage across the high-voltage capacitor reaches 3kV, which does not reach the integer of the lower limit of the target charging voltage value. The current signal is measured in real time by the current measurement coil and sent to the measurement and sampling circuit. When the measurement and sampling circuit receives the current of the high-voltage capacitor branch and becomes 0, the switch controller obtains this information and sends it to the fourth group of supercapacitors. The IGBT sends a trigger pulse, and the fourth set of supercapacitor bank is about to be put into operation. Since the voltage of the fourth set of supercapacitor bank is 1kV, the total output voltage of the supercapacitor bank cascaded system at this time is 3.5kV, and the difference between the voltage of the supercapacitor bank and the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is still It is 500V, which is still equivalent to that the power supply with an output voltage of 500V charges the high-voltage capacitor in the resonant state, and the maximum value of the charging current remains unchanged. After half a resonance cycle (recorded as 32ms moment), the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor is 4kV. Repeat in sequence, at the moment of 40ms, the voltage on the high voltage capacitor load is 5kV. At the moment of 48ms, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor is 6kV. At the moment of 56ms, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor is 7kV. At the moment of 64ms, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor is 8kV. At the moment of 72ms, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor is 9kV. At the moment of 80ms, the voltage of the high voltage capacitor is 10kV. At this time, the measurement and sampling circuit detects that the voltage across the high voltage capacitor reaches 10kV, which is an integer that reaches the lower limit of the target charging voltage value. The current measurement coil measures the current signal in real time and sends it to the measurement and sampling circuit. When the measurement and sampling circuit receives the current of the high-voltage capacitor branch and becomes 0, the switch controller will stop the supercapacitor bank cascaded system from running after obtaining this information. The charging time of the 10-segment supercapacitor bank cascade system ends. The automatic switching circuit then puts the current source of the switching circuit into operation, and the fine adjustment time period for charging the current source begins. Charging is finally complete when the measurement and sampling circuit detects that the high voltage capacitor reaches 10.3KV.

In the above specific implementation, the device adopts the cascaded supercapacitor bank timing control method to realize the charging of large-capacity high-voltage capacitors, solves the problem of limiting the output current of the supercapacitor bank, reduces the value of the current-limiting inductance, thereby reducing the volume of the current-limiting inductance At the same time, it avoids the problem of load grouping caused by the large capacity of high-voltage capacitors. It is feasible and practical to charge large-capacity high-voltage capacitors that require a large charging current and require a high output current capability of the super capacitor bank. . The current source micro-boost method is used to ensure the accuracy of the charging voltage and meet the customer's demand for continuous voltage.

This device is mainly used in the field of high-precision fast charging and discharging of power high-voltage power supplies. Based on the performance of current supercapacitor banks, IGBTs, controllable current sources and diode devices, it can fully meet the above requirements. The charging device of the invention can effectively solve many problems in high-precision charging of large-capacity, high-power, and high-voltage capacitors.

Claims (4)

1. it is a kind of based on ultracapacitor cascade high-voltage capacitor charging device, it is characterised in that described charging device bag Include switch controller (1), ultracapacitor group cascade system (2), current-limiting inductance (3), automatic switching circuit (4), high-voltage capacitance Device (5), on-off circuit current source (6), measurement and sample circuit (7), current measurement coil (8)；The level contact of ultracapacitor group High-pressure side series connection current-limiting inductance (3) of system (2) is connected with No. 1 input of automatic switching circuit (4) afterwards, ultracapacitor cascade The low-pressure end ground connection of system (2)；Ultracapacitor group cascade system (2) interior each unit draws two ends respectively：Ultracapacitor is born The triggering end of extreme and IGBT, they respectively input corresponding with switch controller (1) it is connected；The 2 of automatic switching circuit (4) Number input is connected with the positive pole of on-off circuit current source (6), the negative pole ground connection of on-off circuit current source (6), automatic switching electricity The output end on road (4) is connected with the high-pressure side of high-voltage capacitor (5)；The low-pressure end of high-voltage capacitor (5) is through current measurement coil (8) it is grounded；Measurement and the control source positive terminal of sample circuit (7) are connected with the output end of automatic switching circuit (4), measure with The current input terminal and current measurement coil of the control source negative pole end ground connection of sample circuit (7), measurement and sample circuit (7) (8) it is connected, measurement is connected with the output end of sample circuit (7) with switch controller (1)；

Described ultracapacitor group cascade system (2) is made up of N number of ultracapacitor group, is divided again in each ultracapacitor group A fly-wheel diode in parallel is constituted again after not connected by ultracapacitor and high-voltage electric switch IGBT, and N is just whole more than 1 Number；

The high-voltage electric switch IGBT of described ultracapacitor group cascade system (2) is operated in Sofe Switch state, humorous at one Shake near cycle time, current measurement coil (8) measures current signal, feeding measurement and sample circuit (6) in real time, measures and takes When the electric current that sample circuit (6) receives high-voltage capacitor branch road is changed into 0, to the next of ultracapacitor group cascade system (2) High-voltage electric switch IGBT sends trigger signal, starts connected ultracapacitor group, continues to be charged to high-voltage capacitor, makes Its voltage is lifted again.

2. according to the high-voltage capacitor charging device cascaded based on ultracapacitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute In the N sections of ultracapacitor group cascade system charging interval stated, each sequential charging current is identical, and every grade of ultracapacitor group is thrown Fashionable, the difference between the voltage and load voltage of the output of ultracapacitor cascade system is equal.

3. according to the high-voltage capacitor charging device cascaded based on ultracapacitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that In the N sections of ultracapacitor group cascade system charging interval described in each, charge circuit works under resonance condition.

4. according to the high-voltage capacitor charging device cascaded based on ultracapacitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that when When N is the positive integer more than 1, within the N described ultracapacitor cascaded charge time, ultracapacitor group cascade system (2) ultracapacitor groups at different levels are by the way of timesharing input.