CN104847015A - Assembled joint applicable to monolayer triangular space grid structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a new type of assembled node suitable for a single-layer triangular space grid structure, mainly composed of five parts, one is a central node, which is connected by a central ring and six connecting arms; the other is a connecting sleeve , processed from steel pipes; the third is high-strength bolts; the fourth is the upper and lower cover plates; the fifth is the central bolt. The central node, the sleeve and the rod are all provided with bolt holes at corresponding positions. When assembling, one end of the sleeve is put on the connecting arm, and the other end is put on the rectangular steel pipe, and they are connected by high-strength bolts. All the connections together form a triangular spatial mesh structure node. The prefabricated node has a wide range of applications, is convenient for mass production in the factory, and has good assembly performance, convenient construction, high construction and installation quality, and can meet the requirements of the single-layer space grid structure for the bearing capacity and stiffness of the node, and has broad application prospects. .

Description

A prefabricated node of a single-layer triangular space grid structure

technical field

The invention relates to a large-span space structure, in particular to a prefabricated node of a single-layer triangular space network structure.

Background technique

The single-layer spatial grid structure is favored by architects and structural engineers for its advantages of reasonable force, beautiful appearance, and transparent structure, and is widely used. Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a commonly used single-layer spatial grid structure—a spherical shell, in which 6 rods gather at one point to form a node, and 3 rods form a triangular grid. The two important components of a single-layer space grid structure are rods and nodes. Whether the structure can bear normal force, the form of nodes and their strength and stiffness are the key factors, and the damage of nodes often leads to the failure of several rods connected to it. failure. In "Research Progress and Practice of Spatial Structure Joint Design", Fan Zhong evaluated the currently commonly used joints. At present, the joints used for reticulated shell structures mainly include welded hollow ball joints, bolted ball joints and intersecting joints.

Welded hollow ball joints and intersecting joints have good integrity, but due to the large amount of welding work required, and most of them are high-altitude operations, the welding quality cannot be guaranteed, and the construction speed is slow. Recently, with the rise of labor costs, the cost of such joints is increasing The bolt ball joints are assembled joints. The joints and rods are generally produced in batches in the factory, and the on-site assembly does not require welding, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly. However, it is generally treated as hinge nodes in applications, and cannot be applied to single-layer spatial grid structures.

The invention proposes a new type of triangular grid assembled node which can be applied to a single-layer spatial grid structure and does not require on-site welding. The node has good rigidity and bearing capacity, and good assembly performance. There are good application prospects in the structure.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing prefabricated nodes, the present invention proposes a prefabricated node with a single-layer triangular grid structure, which has better bending stiffness and bearing capacity, can be better applied to a single-layer spatial grid structure and has Better assembly.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An assembled node of a single-layer triangular space grid structure, including a central node 1, a sleeve 4, a rod 5 and a high-strength bolt 6; the central node 1 includes a central ring 2 and several The connecting arm 3 is provided with several bolt holes on the connecting arm 3; the sleeve 4 is sleeved on the connecting arm 3, and the length of the sleeve 4 is greater than the length of the connecting arm 3; The rod 5 is sleeved on the sleeve 4, and a bolt hole corresponding to the bolt hole on the connecting arm 3 is provided at the corresponding position of the sleeve 4 and the rod 5; High-strength bolts 6 pass through the bolt holes of the rod 5, the sleeve 4 and the connecting arm 3 and connect them.

The connecting arm 3 is connected to the central ring 2 at a certain angle.

The connection angle between the connecting arm 3 and the central ring 2 is determined according to the curvature of each node on the curved surface of the space structure at its position.

The rod 5 is a square steel pipe or a rectangular steel pipe.

It includes a cover plate 8, and the cover plate 8 is two pieces, which are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the central ring (2) by a central bolt 9.

The center ring 2 and the connecting arm 3 are hollow structures; the high-strength bolt 6 is two upper and lower bolts, and the upper bolt connects the rod 5 and the upper flange of the sleeve 4 to the connecting arm 3 The upper part is fixed, and the lower bolt fixes the rod 5, the lower flange of the sleeve 4 and the lower part of the connecting arm 3.

The shell thickness of the connecting arm 3 is determined according to rigidity requirements.

Two upper and lower mounting holes 7 for mounting the high-strength bolts are formed at the intersection of each connecting arm 3 and the central ring 2 .

The present invention provides two embodiments, the first embodiment is suitable for single-layer grid structures with small and medium spans, and the second embodiment is suitable for single-layer grid structures with larger spans. The central node of the second embodiment is different from the central node of the first embodiment, which is mainly reflected in: the high-strength bolts of the second embodiment are not long, and there are two upper and lower bolts, which are respectively tightened; the connecting arm of the central node of the second embodiment is hollow The central ring of the second embodiment has a mounting hole.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1) The present invention belongs to the assembled node, and the rods in the structure are all processed and manufactured in the factory, with a high degree of prefabrication; the on-site installation is simple, and only needs to be assembled according to simple rules, and the node assembly can be completed through simple tools. Therefore, The construction site has the characteristics of fast construction speed and easy control of construction quality.

2) In the present invention, high-strength bolts are used to connect rods, sleeves and central nodes. The strength grade, diameter, and number of high-strength bolts can be designed according to the stress of the structure, which can ensure that the nodes have sufficient axial force. carrying capacity.

3) For the node after the connection is completed in the present invention, the end of the rod is 5mm away from the center ring. When the bolt is damaged under axial pressure, the rod will directly contact the center ring, and the node still has bearing capacity, and the structure will not In the event of damage, the node has a certain degree of security redundancy.

4) In the present invention, a sleeve is added as a force transmission member between the rod and the central node, which can reduce the weight of the central node itself and facilitate assembly; at the same time, after the node is assembled, the sleeve extends into the rod The length of the connecting arm of the central node is greater than the length of the connecting arm extending into the bar, which increases the contact between the central node and the bar, and also increases the effect of transmitting the bending moment, that is, increases the out-of-plane stiffness of the node. Even after the bolt fails, the sleeve is in contact with the center ring together with the rod, which can still ensure that the joint has sufficient out-of-plane stiffness and bearing capacity.

5) In the present invention, the out-of-plane stiffness of the node is guaranteed by the extrusion between the rod, the sleeve and the central node. Since the central node is solid, it can fully satisfy the node design principle of "strong node, weak member" .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the node structure of Embodiment 1 of the node of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the central node of the node embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the central node of Embodiment 1 of the node of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the horizontal, vertical and cross-sectional views of the sleeve of the joint embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation of node embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram after assembly of node embodiment 1 of the present invention is completed;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view after assembly of node embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a spherical shell;

Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of node installation in node embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the central node of the node embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view after assembly of the node embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Central node, 2. Center ring, 3. Connecting arm, 4. Sleeve, 5. Rod, 6. High-strength bolt, 7. Mounting hole, 8. Cover plate, 9. Center bolt.

Detailed ways

The structure and working process principle of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

Embodiment one

Figures 1 to 6 are schematic diagrams of nodes in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The nodes of the present invention include:

Central node 1, connecting arm 3, sleeve 4, rod 5, high-strength bolt 6. The central node 1 is connected by the central ring 2 and several connecting arms 3 at a certain angle, and there are four bolt holes on the connecting arms 3; the number of connecting arms 3 is determined by the specific spatial structure; the sleeve 4 is processed by steel pipe cutting, The sleeve 4 also has four bolt holes for connection; the sleeve 4 is sleeved on the connecting arm 3, and the length of the sleeve 4 is greater than the length of the connecting arm 3; the rod 5 is a square steel pipe or a rectangular steel pipe, and the sleeve 4 On the sleeve 4; after the node assembly of the present invention is completed, the length of the sleeve 4 extending into the rod 5 will be greater than the length of the connecting arm of the central node extending into the rod, which increases the contact between the central node and the rod, and also The effect of transmitting bending moment is increased, that is, the out-of-plane stiffness of the node is increased; the high-strength bolt 6 is a full-length bolt, which connects the three through the connecting arm 3, the sleeve 4 and the rod 5; it also includes the cover plate 8 and the center The bolt 9 and the cover plate 8 are two pieces, which are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the center ring 2 through the center bolt 9 .

The basic principle of this node design is to mesh a surface to be formed, and all nodes formed by mesh division are on this surface, and this node is an assembled node; that is, a polyline is taken out on an arc with a large curvature micro yuan. This node forms the curved surface of the space structure through the angle change between the connecting arm 3 and the central ring 2, and the connection angle between the connecting arm 3 and the central ring 2 is determined according to the curvature of each node on the curved surface of the space structure.

Figure 1 shows the triangular mesh node after assembly, the sleeve 4 is used as the intermediate force transmission member, and the rod 5 is connected to the central node 1 through four high-strength bolts, and the plane clamping between the connecting arm 3 and the central ring 2 Angle, resulting in the angle between the rod 5 and the central node 1, combined to form a space surface structure.

Figure 2 is the structure of the central node. The thickness of the connecting arm 2 is determined by the size of the rod 5 and the sleeve 4. For the convenience of construction, a certain processing error is allowed. The connecting arm 3 and the sleeve 4, the sleeve 4 and the rod There is a gap of 2mm between the pieces 5. There are four bolt holes on each connecting arm 3 , corresponding to the sleeve 4 and the rod 5 , and are connected by high-strength bolts 6 .

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the central node. There is a certain angle between the connecting arm 3 and the central ring 2, which is determined by the actual shape of the actual triangular space grid structure.

Figure 4 is the flat, vertical and cross-sectional view of the sleeve 4, the sleeve 4 corresponds to the connecting arm 3, and there are four bolt holes on it, and the sleeve 4 is longer than the design length of the connecting arm 3, so as to increase the joint stiffness and load bearing force.

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of node installation. The sleeve 4 is placed on the connecting arm 3, the rod 5 is placed on the sleeve 4, the bolt holes are aligned, and high-strength bolts 6 are used for connection.

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembled nodes.

Embodiment two

9 to 11 are schematic diagrams of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. When the structural span is large and the section of the rod 5 is increased, the length of the high-strength bolt 6 will be lengthened, and the size of the central node 1 will also be increased a lot, which will inevitably cause unnecessary waste. In order to adapt to the connection of large-section rods, the second embodiment is improved as follows: in the first embodiment, the high-strength bolt 6 is long, and in the second embodiment, the high-strength bolt 6 is divided into two upper and lower bolts, as shown in Figure 9. The upper bolt fixes the upper flange of the rod 5 and the sleeve 4 and the upper part of the connecting arm 3, and the lower bolt fixes the lower flange of the rod 5 and the sleeve 4 and the lower part of the connecting arm 3; in the first embodiment, The connecting arm 3 is solid. In the second embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, the connecting arm 3 is hollow, and the wall thickness can be adjusted according to the rigidity requirements. This not only meets the needs of installing bolts but also greatly reduces the weight of nodes; In the first embodiment, the central ring 2 of the node is solid. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. Two mounting holes 7 reduce the node weight and install bolts.

The processing and installation process of the present invention are described below:

1) According to the specific situation, design the single-layer spatial grid structure, determine the specifications of each member and the required high-strength bolts and the number; determine the in-plane and out-of-plane angles of the six members connected to a node; Determine the spatial orientation of each central node, pay attention to the number;

2) According to the information in the first step, calculate the size of the central ring, connecting arm and sleeve of the central node, especially the in-plane and out-of-plane angles between the six connecting arms of the central node, and the positions of the bolt holes;

3) Calculate the size of the mold according to the information in the second step. The central node, sleeve and rod can all be processed in the factory, and the axis of the bolt hole is perpendicular to the connecting arm; each central node corresponds to six sleeves;

4) Central nodes, sleeves, and rods are shipped to the construction site after processing in the factory. Embodiment 1 is assembled as shown in Figure 5 according to the corresponding numbers. When assembling, put the sleeve and the rod on the connecting arm of the central node, align the bolt holes, penetrate and tighten the high-strength bolts, and then complete the installation of one rod. , install the upper and lower cover plates through the central bolt; the second embodiment is assembled according to the corresponding numbers as shown in Figure 9, and similarly, the sleeve and the rod are placed on the connecting arm of the central node, and the bolt holes are aligned, respectively. The lower bolt is inserted into the bolt hole through the mounting hole of the central ring, tightened, and finally the upper and lower cover plates are installed. Figure 11 is a sectional view after installation;

5) The single-layer spatial grid structure formed by this node can be assembled in pieces on the ground, then hoisted, or assembled in situ in space; in a triangular spatial grid structure with certain rules, a large number of identical nodes can be formed, There are only a few basic types of rods. In addition to being convenient for factory processing, it is also convenient for on-site installation, which is beneficial to material management and installation quality control on the construction site.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A prefabricated node of a single-layer triangular space grid structure, characterized in that it comprises a central node (1), a sleeve (4), a rod (5) and a high-strength bolt (6); the central node (1 ) includes a central ring (2) and several connecting arms (3) connected to the central ring (2), and several bolt holes are provided on the connecting arms (3); the sleeve (4) sets Set on the connecting arm (3), the length of the sleeve (4) is greater than the length of the connecting arm (3); the rod (5) is sleeved on the sleeve (4), Bolt holes corresponding to the bolt holes on the connecting arm (3) are provided at the corresponding positions of the sleeve (4) and the rod (5); the high-strength bolts (6) pass through the Insert the bolt holes of the rod (5), sleeve (4) and connecting arm (3) and connect them. 2. The prefabricated node with single-layer triangular grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting arm (3) is connected to the central ring (2) at an angle. 3. The prefabricated node of single-layer triangular grid structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, the connection angle between the connecting arm (3) and the central ring (2) is according to each The curvature of the node at its location is determined. 4. The prefabricated node of single-layer triangular grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the rod (5) is a square steel pipe or a rectangular steel pipe. 5. The prefabricated node with a single-layer triangular grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a cover plate (8), and the cover plate (8) is two pieces, which are respectively fixed to the The center ring (2) has upper and lower sides. 6. The prefabricated node of single-layer triangular grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the central ring (2) and the connecting arm (3) are hollow structures; the high-strength bolts (6) are Two upper and lower bolts, the upper bolt fixes the rod (5) and the upper flange of the sleeve (4) with the upper part of the connecting arm (3), and the lower bolt fixes the rod (5) with the upper flange of the sleeve (4) The lower flange of the sleeve (4) is fixed to the lower part of the connecting arm (3). 7. The prefabricated node with a single-layer triangular grid structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the shell thickness of the connecting arm (3) is determined according to the stiffness requirement. 8. The prefabricated node with a single-layer triangular grid structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, at the intersection of each connecting arm (3) and the central ring (2), there are two upper and lower for Install the mounting holes (7) for the high-strength bolts.