CN104823592B - A crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking ginseng and soil - Google Patents

Abstract

nullThe present invention provides a kind of caterpillar band self-propelled combined harvester of Radix Pseudostellariae separated based on vibrating type ginseng soil，Including: harvesting-platform、Cam biasing mechanism、Support arm、Frame，Described harvesting-platform arranges the front end being arranged on frame，Harvesting-platform both sides are arranged on the head tree of frame by support arm，Hydraulic system is installed between support arm and frame，Frame is arranged on crawler type running system，Crawler type running system passes through drive system、Clutch is connected to driving means，On the rack-mounted head tree in first order crawler type shaker separator one end、The other end is arranged on the downside of harvesting-platform，The downside of the rack-mounted head tree in latticed shaker separator one end, the second level、On the other end rack-mounted rear side column，Compact integral structure of the present invention、Reasonable in design、Radius of turn is little，Flexible operation、Farm work quality is good，Production efficiency is high，Bury ginseng rate and results breakage rate is low，The clean rate of results is high，Use reliable、Strong adaptability and the advantage such as durable in use.

Description

A crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking ginseng and soil

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of harvesting equipment for underground rhizome crops, in particular to a crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking ginseng and soil.

Background technique

Pseudostellariae Radix Pseudostellariae is a Chinese medicinal material with high functional value and high economic value. Since Pseudostellaria Pseudostellaria belongs to rhizome crops and grows underground, the problem of harvesting and separating them has always been a difficult problem that ginseng farmers are concerned about. However, the traditional harvesting is mainly by manual harvesting or simple mechanical digging, which is labor-intensive, has a high harvest loss rate, and has low production efficiency, which restricts the development of the Radix Pseudostellariae industry to a certain extent. In recent years, with the adjustment of the domestic agricultural industry structure, the planting area of heterophylla heterophylla in hilly areas has continued to expand. This backward and heavy manual labor method is far from meeting the needs of the market. However, the currently available Pseudostellaria harvesting machines on the market can only better adapt to the harvesting of underground rhizome crops in large fields in the north, and cannot adapt to the mechanized harvesting of small fields in southern hilly areas.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a Pseudostellariae Radix Pseudostellariae caterpillar crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng-soil separation, to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background technology.

The technical problem solved by the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: a Pseudostellaria ginseng crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng-soil separation, comprising: a harvesting platform, a support arm, and a frame, and the harvesting platform is set and installed At the front end of the frame, the two sides of the harvesting table are installed on the main column of the frame through the support arm, and a cab is provided on one side of the frame, and a hydraulic system is installed between the support arm and the frame, and the frame is installed on the crawler In terms of the system, the crawler walking system is connected to the driving device through the transmission system and the clutch. One end of the first stage crawler vibrating separator is installed on the main column on the frame, and the other end is installed on the lower side of the harvesting platform. One end of the lattice vibrating separator is installed on the underside of the main column on the frame, and the other end is installed on the rear column on the frame. The upper side of the first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator is equipped with a crushing drum I and a second roller. A crushing drum II is installed on the upper side of the grid-like vibrating separator.

The harvesting platform includes a cutting knife, a harvesting platform frame, a swing bar, a shaker, a connecting plate, and a soil loosening shovel. The cutting knife is installed at the front end of the harvesting platform frame. The function of grass and cutting; there is a shaker in the frame of the harvesting platform, and the shaking sieve is installed on the frame of the harvesting platform through the swing rod. The cam biasing mechanism is connected to the driving device.

A limit wheel is arranged under the front end of the support arm, and the depth of the limit wheel is adjusted according to different varieties of Radix Pseudostellariae.

The rear end of the frame is provided with a medicine box, and the medicine box completes the self-unloading action through the hydraulic system.

The hydraulic system is symmetrically welded on the frame, and the hydraulic system adopts a double-cylinder hydraulic system.

The soil loosening shovel is welded to the front end of the harvesting platform, the front edge of the soil loosening shovel is provided with a wedge angle, and the shovel head is a grass structure.

The first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator is formed by connecting several fish-scale pieces, and the surface of the first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator is provided with small bumps.

The first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator and the second-stage mesh-shaped vibrating separator are driven by a four-tooth sprocket. During the transmission process of the four-tooth sprocket, the separation sieve can move up and down to fluctuate, which facilitates soil separation.

Compared with the disclosed technology, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention has compact structure, reasonable design, small turning radius, flexible operation, good field operation quality, high production efficiency, low burying rate and harvest damage rate, and clean harvest High efficiency, reliable use, strong adaptability and durability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the harvesting platform of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Harvesting platform; 2. Cam bias mechanism; 3. Support arm; 4. Hydraulic system; 5. Medicine box; 6. Rack; 7. Crawler walking system; Cab; 10. Clutch; 11. Transmission system; 12. Crushing drum II; 13. Second-stage mesh vibrating separator; 14. Crushing drum I; 15. First-stage crawler vibrating separator; 16 111, cutter; 112, harvesting table frame; 113, pendulum; 114, shaking screen; 115, connecting plate; 116, soil loosening shovel.

detailed description

In order to make it easy to understand the technical means, creative features, work flow, and use methods of the present invention to achieve the purpose and effect, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the The described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a Pseudostellaria ginseng crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng-soil separation includes: a harvesting platform 1, a support arm 3, and a frame 6, and the harvesting platform 1 is set and installed on The front end of the frame 6 and the both sides of the harvesting platform 1 are installed on the main column of the frame 6 through the support arm 3, and a cab 9 is provided on one side of the frame 6, and a hydraulic system 4 is installed between the support arm 3 and the frame 6. , the frame 6 is installed on the crawler-type walking system 7, the crawler-type walking system 7 is connected to the driving device through the transmission system 11 and the clutch 10, and one end of the first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15 is installed on the main column on the frame 6 , the other end is installed on the lower side of the harvesting platform 1, and the second stage mesh vibrating separator 13 one end is installed on the lower side of the main column on the frame 6, and the other end is installed on the rear side column on the frame 6, The soil-crushing drum I14 is installed on the upper side of the first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15, and the soil-crushing drum II12 is installed on the upper side of the second-stage grid-shaped vibrating separator 13.

The bottom of the front end of the support arm 3 is provided with a limit wheel 8, and the depth of the limit wheel 8 is adjusted according to different varieties of Radix Pseudostellariae.

The rear end of the frame 6 is provided with a medicine box 5, and the medicine box 5 completes the self-unloading action through the hydraulic system.

As shown in Figure 3, described harvesting platform 1 comprises cutting knife 111, harvesting platform frame 112, swing bar 113, shaker 114, connecting plate 115, soil loosening shovel 116, and cutting knife 111 is installed on the front end of harvesting platform frame 112, cuts The knife 111 can not only reduce the resistance of the harvesting platform into the soil, but also play the role of cutting grass and cutting; the harvesting platform frame 112 is provided with a shaking sieve 114, and the shaking sieve 114 is installed on the harvesting platform frame 112 through the swing rod 113, and the harvesting The lower end of the platform frame 112 is equipped with a connecting plate 115, and the front portion of the lower end of the connecting plate 115 is provided with a soil loosening shovel 116, and the shaking screen 114 is connected to the driving device by the cam bias mechanism 2.

The sieve bottom of described shaking sieve 114 is arranged by some round steel equidistantly, and connecting plate is housed below the sieve bottom, and the sieve bottom can be changed, and the harvest platform 1 is to be welded on the frame 6 uprights by the steel plate symmetry of 16mm, in The effect of hydraulic system 4 is to realize lifting operation.

The hydraulic system 4 is symmetrically welded on the frame 6, and the hydraulic system adopts a double-cylinder hydraulic system.

The soil loosening shovel 116 is welded on the front end of the harvesting platform, the front edge of the soil loosening shovel 116 is provided with a wedge angle, and the head of the soil loosening shovel is a Mao-shaped structure, and the whole soil loosening shovel 116 is upwardly arched along a certain arc.

Described first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15 is to be connected by several fish scale flakes, according to the length and the size of Radix Pseudostellariae, the size of separating screen grid is designed as 35mmx35mm, in order to ensure that the ginseng-soil mixture can be smoothly For conveying, there are small bumps on the surface of the separating screen.

The first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15 and the second-stage grid-like vibrating separating sieve 13 are driven by a four-tooth sprocket, because during the transmission process of the four-tooth sprocket, the separation sieve can be moved up and down, which is convenient for reference. soil separation.

During use, the staff adjusts the depth of the limiting wheel 8 according to different varieties of Radix Pseudostellariae. Its working process is that the ginseng-soil mixture is sent to the shaking sieve 114 by the loosening shovel 116 of the soil-entrying part, and the crank-rocker mechanism 16 drives the shaking sieve 114 so that the ginseng-soil mixture is initially separated and sent to the first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15. The first stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15 further separates the ginseng-soil mixture, and sends it into the second-stage mesh vibrating separator 13. If the ginseng-soil mixture soil block is larger, after the ginseng-soil mixture arrives at the crushing drum 114, This ginseng-soil mixture will not pass through, and the ginseng-soil mixture block is crushed by the broken soil drum simultaneously and stays in the first stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15 to continue to separate. Then send into the second stage mesh vibrating separator 13; under the joint action of the second stage mesh vibrating separator 13 and the crushed soil drum II 12, the ginseng and soil are separated again, and the separated Radix Pseudostellaria is transported to the medicine Box 5, complete the harvesting operation of heterophylla.

In order to make the Pseudophylloides Radix Combined Harvester more adaptable to the operation of different varieties of Pseudophylloides Pseudostellaria, the machine is equipped with a limiting wheel 8 on the harvesting table, and by adjusting the depth of the limiting wheel 8, it can meet the needs of different varieties of Pseudophylloides heterophylla. It is finally determined through experiments that the adjustable limit depth of the machine is 15mm to 45mm; and the machine adopts a crawler-type walking system 7, which can meet the operation requirements of hills and small fields in the south. Because the main working principle of the Radix Pseudostellariae Combine Harvester is to separate the ginseng-soil mixture by vibrating and shaking the separating screen, there are certain requirements for the separating screen. It is connected with high strength, large bearing capacity and good separation effect. According to the length and size of heterophylla, the mesh size of the separation screen is designed to be 35mmx35mm. In order to ensure the smooth transportation of the ginseng-soil mixture, the surface of the separation screen is designed There are small bumps. The first stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15 is driven by a four-tooth sprocket, which can transmit motion and vibrate the vibrating screen at the same time. During the transmission process, the separation sieve produces a jump in the moving range up and down, which is convenient for soil separation; After the preliminary separation by the first-stage crawler-type vibrating separator 15, the ginseng-soil mixture that reaches the second-stage grid-shaped vibrating separator 13 contains relatively few soil lumps, and the second-stage grid-shaped vibrating separator 13 conveys It is relatively gentle, so what the second stage grid-shaped vibrating separator 13 adopts is a mesh screen without protrusions, and the second-stage grid-shaped vibrating separator 13 is also driven by a four-tooth sprocket.

The effect of soil loosening shovel 116 is to loosen the soil and dig out Radix Pseudostellariae. Its principle is to utilize the shearing deformation produced between the soil loosening shovel 116 and the crop growth field. Therefore, the soil loosening shovel 116 should have higher strength and less soil penetration resistance during design, and the front edge of the soil loosening shovel 116 is designed to be It is wedge-shaped with a certain angle, and the shovel head is designed as a Mao shape. Whole soil loosening shovel 116 is arched upwards along certain radian, and design like this can make the ginseng-soil mixture of hardening carry out crushing while conveying. The depth of the loosening shovel into the soil is controlled by adjusting the limit wheel 8, that is, the angle between the loosening shovel and the ground, so as to meet the needs of harvesting different varieties of Radix Pseudostellariae.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and what described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention will also have other functions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of self-propelled combined harvester of Radix Pseudostellariae crawler belt based on shaking type ginseng soil separation, comprising: harvesting platform, support arm, frame, it is characterized in that: described harvesting platform is set and installed on the front end of frame, harvesting platform The two sides are installed on the main column of the frame through the support arm, the cab is provided on one side of the frame, the hydraulic system is installed between the support arm and the frame, the frame is installed on the crawler walking system, and the crawler walking system passes The transmission system and the clutch are connected to the driving device. One end of the first-stage crawler vibrating separator is installed on the main column on the frame, and the other end is installed on the lower side of the harvesting platform. One end of the second-stage grid-like vibrating separator is installed on the The lower side and the other end of the main column on the frame are installed on the rear column on the frame. The upper side of the first-stage crawler vibrating separator is equipped with a crushing drum I, and the second-stage grid-shaped vibrating separator is installed on the upper side of the frame. The soil crushing drum II is installed on the side; the harvesting platform includes a cutting knife, a harvesting platform frame, a swing bar, a shaker, a connecting plate, and a soil loosening shovel. The cutting knife is installed at the front end of the harvesting platform frame. The resistance to entry into the soil, and can play the role of cutting grass and cutting; there is a shaker in the frame of the harvesting table, and the shaking screen is installed on the frame of the harvesting table through a swing rod. A soil loosening shovel is provided, and the shaking screen is connected to the driving device through a cam bias mechanism. 2. A kind of self-propelled combine harvester of Pseudostellariae Radix Pseudostellariae crawler based on shaking type ginseng soil separation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom of the front end of the support arm is provided with a limit wheel, according to different varieties of Pseudostellariae Radix Adjust the depth of the limit wheel. 3. A kind of Pseudostellaria ginseng crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng soil separation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the rear end of the frame is provided with a medicine box, and the medicine box completes self-propelled harvesting by a hydraulic system. unloading action. 4. A kind of Pseudostellaria ginseng crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng soil separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic system is symmetrically welded on the frame, and the hydraulic system adopts double-cylinder hydraulic pressure. system. 5. A kind of Pseudostellaria ginseng crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng soil separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil loosening shovel is welded on the front end of the harvesting platform, and the front edge of the soil loosening shovel is provided with Wedge angle, the shovel head is a Mao structure. 6. A kind of Pseudostellaria ginseng crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng soil separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first stage crawler-type vibrating separator is made of several fish scale-like small pieces The surface of the first stage crawler vibrating separator is provided with small bumps. 7. A kind of Pseudostellaria ginseng crawler self-propelled combine harvester based on shaking type ginseng soil separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first stage crawler vibrating separator and the second stage grid-like vibration The separation screen is driven by a four-tooth sprocket. During the transmission process of the four-tooth sprocket, the separation screen will move up and down to make it jump, which is convenient for the separation of ginseng and soil.