CN104818380A - Method for recovering gold and silver from refractory gold ores - Google Patents
Method for recovering gold and silver from refractory gold ores Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering gold and silver from refractory gold ores, and belongs to the field of metallurgy. The method includes two steps: firstly, pre-oxidizing and breaking inclusions of the gold and the silver in a hot-pressing manner, oxidizing organic carbon in the ores, and recovering sulfur in the ores; secondly, recovering the gold and the silver in presoaked residues by cyanidation or other non-cyanide leaching. The gold and the silver are recovered from the refractory gold ores by the method, the recovery rate of the gold and the silver is higher than 90% and increased by 40 percentage points as compared with that of a conventional cyanidation method, and the recovery rate of the sulfur is higher than 50%. By the aid of the scheme, production cost is about 400 Yuan/ton. Compared with biological oxidation, two-stage roasting and conventional hot-pressing oxidation processes, investment and the production cost can be reduced, the recovery rate is increased, multi-element comprehensive recovery is realized, environmental pollution is reduced, and economic and social benefits are obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method reclaiming gold and silver from difficult-treating gold mine.
Background technology
Refractory gold ore mainly refers to that those are then unsuitable for the ore of direct cyaniding without pre-treatment, and such ore mainly contains 3 types:
1) gangue, as silica or carbonate trapping gold, this kind of Gold in Ores grain is too little, it cannot be made to dissociate by ore grinding means, and thus goldc grains is difficult to contact cyanating solution;
2) cure mineral-mainly pyrite and arsenopyrite of gold wrapped up, and this is a maximum class Refractory Au-ores; Meanwhile, fine grinding is also not enough to make wrapped goldc grains contact leach liquor;
3) carbon-bearing gold ore, containing a certain amount of organic carbon in this kind of ore, organic carbon has certain activated carbon property, except trapping gold, also some gold-cyanide complexs in adsorbent solution when gold is leached.
Research shows, in various difficult mining seam, often above-mentioned 3 kinds of difficult leaching factors exist simultaneously.Mainly contain three kinds for the technology of golden ore concentrate hard to treat in the world at present, two-stage roasting dearsenification, bio-oxidation arsenic removal and pressure hot dipping go out dearsenicating technology.First two is domestic application, comparatively ripe; Rear a kind of foreign applications is more, and domestic existing only in zinc abstraction sector application, gold industry there is no application precedent.
The advantage of two-stage roasting is arsenic, sulphur can be recycled, and shortcoming is that the rate of recovery of gold is lower, is generally about 85% ~ 88%, and arsenic-containing ores is severe toxicity through the oxide compound that roasting produces, and environmental pollution is larger.
The advantage of bio-oxidation is that the rate of recovery of gold is higher, generally can reach about 95% ~ 97%, shortcoming is arsenic, sulphur is difficult to recycle, mainly with in and the form of slag store up; Meanwhile, the adaptability of bacterium is poor, requires relatively tighter to throwing ore deposit character, operational condition, joins ore deposit condition, Pre oxidation, potential of hydrogen become the key condition that restriction is produced, careless slightly, easily occurs the Serious Accident of bacterium mortality.The advantage of hot-pressure leaching is the same with bio-oxidation, and the rate of recovery of gold is higher, also about 90% ~ 97%, compared with bio-oxidation, its suitability is comparatively wide, requires relatively wide to ore properties, operational condition, its shortcoming is also that arsenic and sulphur cannot reclaim, in being all present in and in slag; Because sulphur is oxidized to sulfuric acid, also cause neutralization costly, meanwhile, the processing condition of High Temperature High Pressure also cause equipment manufacturing cost and maintenance cost higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method reclaiming gold and silver from difficult-treating gold mine.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, this invention takes following technical scheme:
From difficult-treating gold mine, reclaim a method for gold and silver, first by ore fine grinding, add water and size mixing, then add sulfuric acid and carry out preimpregnation; After preimpregnation terminates, slurries carry out hot-pressure oxidation; Oxidation sludge through solid-liquid separation, in liquid and discharge, solid enters floatation recovery sulphur wherein through sizing mixing; Flotation tailings is after solid-liquid separation, and liquid returns flotation size mixing, and solid reclaims Jin Heyin wherein through sizing mixing by Cyanide Leaching.
Aforesaid method concrete steps are as follows: (1) sour preimpregnation: first ore is finely ground to particle diameter and accounts for 50 ~ 98wt% at below 0.037mm, and adding water and being made into solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:(1 ~ 10) ore pulp, adding sulfuric acid adjust ph is 0.3 ~ 3, stirs 0.5 ~ 10 hour;
(2) after adding flotation agent in the ore pulp of step (1) gained, pump in tubular digester, pass into oxygen, oxygen partial pressure is 0.1 ~ 3MPa, and at 0.1 ~ 3MPa, reaction 0.5 ~ 20h at 100 ~ 300 DEG C, cooling makes sulphur crystallization, filters;
(3) in the filter cake of step (2) filtration gained, adding water makes solid-liquid mass ratio be 1:(1 ~ 10), add pore forming material No. 2 oil simultaneously, react 0.2 ~ 1 hour; Flotation concentrate is sold as sulphur, and flotation tailings filters, and filtrate returns this step and replaces water to size mixing;
(4) mine tailing after filtration gained filter cake add water and size mixing, make solid-liquid mass ratio 1:(1 ~ 5), add NaCN, be filled with air and carry out Cyanide Leaching, extraction time 4 ~ 80 hours, leach and terminate rear employing carbon-in-pulp process or substitution method reclaims gold and silver.
In described step (1), sulfuric acid concentration is 1 ~ 500g/L.
Flotation agent in described step (2) is at least one in xylogen and sulfonated lignin, and xylogen addition is 1 ~ 5000g/t ore, and ligninsulfonate addition is 1 ~ 5000g/t ore, and ore slurry pipeline flow velocity is 0.1 ~ 10m/s.
In described step (3), No. 2 oily additions are 1 ~ 100g/t ore.
In described step (4) ore pulp, NaCN concentration is 0.01 ~ 10g/L.
Employing the present invention reclaims the gold and silver in refractory gold ore, recovery of gold and silver more than 90%, comparatively conventional cyanidation method improves 40 percentage points, and the rate of recovery of sulphur is greater than 50% simultaneously, this programme production cost is adopted to be about 400 yuan/ton, relatively with bio-oxidation, two-stage roasting and conventional heat pressuring oxidation technique, investment can be reduced, reduction production cost, improve the rate of recovery, realize multielement composite to reclaim, reduce environmental pollution, economic and social benefit is obvious simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schema of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Process mine, Gansu gold ore 2t, its chemical composition sees the following form:
This gold ore according to direct cyaniding process gold leaching rate 32%, gold tricyanide leaching yield 82% after roasting; Selling price is lower, and economic benefit is poor.
Above-mentioned gold ore utilizes the inventive method to process, and as shown in Figure 1, concrete treatment step is as follows:
Step 1, sour preimpregnation: first raw material is finely ground to-0.037mm and accounts for 85% (mass ratio), add water and be made into the ore pulp that solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:1.5, add 1g/L sulfuric acid, adjust ph is 0.3, stirs 2 hours;
Step 2, hot-pressure oxidation: the ore pulp by step 1, being diluted with water to solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:3, add xylogen 5g/t ore, pump in pipeline digester through high-pressure pump, ore slurry pipeline flow velocity 0.2m/s, pass into oxygen, oxygen pressure 0.9MPa simultaneously, carry out hot-pressure oxidation at 110 DEG C and leach 5h; After leaching terminates, be cooled to 100 DEG C and make sulphur crystallization, afterwards the ore pulp liquid that obtains of operation after filtration, 50% returns step 1 sizes mixing, and remain qualified discharge after neutralization, the solid obtained after filtration enters step 3;
Step 3, sulphur is received in flotation: through filtering the filter cake of gained after hot-pressure oxidation, adding water and sizing mixing to solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2, adding the oily 40g/t ore of No. 2, pore forming material, flotation time 60min simultaneously; Flotation concentrate sulfur-bearing 91%, dry weight 217kg, sulfur recovery rate 51.42%, flotation concentrate is sold as sulphur, and after filtration, filter cake enters step 4 to flotation tailings, and filtrate returns this step and sizes mixing;
Step 4: the filter cake of the gained after filtration of mine tailing after sulphur is received in flotation, and the backwater (see below, add water first) adding Cyanide Leaching is sized mixing, and adds NaCN simultaneously, makes NaCN concentration be 1g/L, be filled with air and carry out Cyanide Leaching, extraction time 36 hours; Leaching terminates rear employing zinc replacement and reclaims gold and silver.Displacement produces gold mud 323g, containing golden 19.2wt%, and argentiferous 9.5wt%, gold recovery 94.97%, silver raising recovery rate 88.58%; Leach mine tailing after filtration, filter cake is arranged outward, and filtrate (i.e. Cyanide Leaching backwater) returns this step and sizes mixing.
example 2
Process mine, Kirghiz Republic gold ore 50kg, its chemical composition sees the following form:
If this gold ore is cyaniding process gold leaching rate 27% directly, gold tricyanide leaching yield 78% after roasting; Selling price gold valuation coefficient 70%, economic benefit is poor.
Above-mentioned gold ore utilizes the inventive method to process, and concrete treatment step is as follows:
Step 1, sour preimpregnation: first raw material is finely ground to-0.037mm and accounts for 95% (mass ratio), add water and be made into the ore pulp that solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:1.5, add 500g/L sulfuric acid, regulates pH to be 2, stirs after 5 hours, enter step 2;
Step 2, hot-pressure oxidation: the ore pulp by step 1, being diluted with water to solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:3, add sulfonated lignin 6g/t ore, pump in pipeline digester through high-pressure pump, ore slurry pipeline flow velocity 2m/s, pass into oxygen, oxygen pressure 0.2MPa simultaneously, carry out hot-pressure oxidation at 120 DEG C and leach 0.5h.After leaching terminates, adjustment temperature to 100 DEG C makes sulphur crystallization, afterwards the ore pulp liquid that obtains of operation after filtration, and 50% returns step 1 sizes mixing, and remains qualified discharge after neutralization.The solid productive rate 57% obtained after filtration, delivers to baking cyaniding smeltery and carries out testing (if when raw material is gold ore, can direct marketing to smeltery).
Step 3, sulphur is received in flotation: baking cyaniding experiment in smeltery's proves, the gold ore crossed through this art breading adopts baking cyaniding technique, and gold recovery reaches 98.2%, and silver raising recovery rate reaches 81%, and sulfur recovery rate reaches 57%, the gold ore before contrast treatment, successful.
example 3
Process Mine, Sichuan gold ore 100kg, its chemical composition sees the following form:
This gold ore according to direct cyaniding process gold leaching rate 21%, gold tricyanide leaching yield 72% after smeltery's roasting.
Above-mentioned gold ore utilizes the inventive method to process, and as shown in Figure 1, concrete treatment step is as follows:
Step 1, sour preimpregnation: first raw material is finely ground to-0.037mm and accounts for 92% (mass ratio), add water and be made into the ore pulp that solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:1.5, add 300g/L sulfuric acid, adjust ph is 1, stirs after 0.5 hour, enters step 2;
Step 2, hot-pressure oxidation: the ore pulp by step 1, being diluted with water to solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:3, add sulfonated lignin 10g/t ore, pump in pipeline digester through high-pressure pump, ore slurry pipeline flow velocity 5m/s, pass into oxygen, oxygen pressure 2.5MPa simultaneously, carry out heat pressuring oxidation at 140 DEG C and leach 8h.After leaching terminates, adjustment temperature to 110 DEG C makes sulphur crystallization, and filter, the liquid obtained, 50% returns step 1 sizes mixing, and remains qualified discharge after neutralization; The solid productive rate 48% obtained after filtration, sulfur-bearing 21.8%, containing golden 158.42g/t, argentiferous 44.69g/t, enters step 3;
Step 3, sulphur is received in flotation: through filtering the filter cake of gained after heat pressuring oxidation, adding backwater (first treated directly adds water) and sizing mixing, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2, adding the oily 40g/t ore of No. 2, pore forming material, flotation time 20min simultaneously; Flotation concentrate sulfur-bearing 91%, dry weight 10kg, sulphur flotation recovery rate 87%, total yield 38.47%, flotation concentrate is sold as sulphur, and after filtration, filter cake enters step 4 to flotation tailings, and filtrate returns this step and sizes mixing;
Step 4: the filter cake of the gained after filtration of mine tailing after sulphur is received in flotation, and the backwater (first treated directly adds water) adding Cyanide Leaching is sized mixing, and add NaCN, concentration is 4g/L simultaneously, is filled with air and carries out Cyanide Leaching, extraction time 72 hours; Leaching terminates rear employing recovering gold by CIP process silver, and filter, filtrate returns this step and sizes mixing, and leaching slag contains golden 3.81g/t, argentiferous 8.18g/t, gold recovery 97.59%, silver raising recovery rate 81.69%.
Claims (6)
1. from difficult-treating gold mine, reclaim a method for gold and silver, it is characterized in that, first by ore fine grinding, add water and size mixing, then add sulfuric acid and carry out preimpregnation; After preimpregnation terminates, slurries carry out hot-pressure oxidation; Oxidation sludge through solid-liquid separation, in liquid and discharge, solid enters floatation recovery sulphur wherein through sizing mixing; Flotation tailings is after solid-liquid separation, and liquid returns flotation size mixing, and solid reclaims Jin Heyin wherein through sizing mixing by Cyanide Leaching.
2. the method reclaiming gold and silver from difficult-treating gold mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows: (1) sour preimpregnation: first ore is finely ground to particle diameter and accounts for 50 ~ 98wt% at below 0.037mm, adding water and being made into solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:(1 ~ 10) ore pulp, adding sulfuric acid adjust ph is 0.3 ~ 3, stirs 0.5 ~ 10 hour;
(2) after adding flotation agent in the ore pulp of step (1) gained, pump in tubular digester, pass into oxygen, oxygen partial pressure is 0.1 ~ 3MPa, and at 0.1 ~ 3MPa, reaction 0.5 ~ 20h at 100 ~ 300 DEG C, cooling makes sulphur crystallization, filters;
(3) in the filter cake of step (2) filtration gained, adding water makes solid-liquid mass ratio be 1:(1 ~ 10), add pore forming material No. 2 oil simultaneously, react 0.2 ~ 1 hour; Flotation concentrate is sold as sulphur, and flotation tailings filters, and filtrate returns this step and replaces water to size mixing;
(4) mine tailing after filtration gained filter cake add water and size mixing, make solid-liquid mass ratio 1:(1 ~ 5), add NaCN, be filled with air and carry out Cyanide Leaching, extraction time 4 ~ 80 hours, leach and terminate rear employing carbon-in-pulp process or substitution method reclaims gold and silver.
3. the method reclaiming gold and silver from difficult-treating gold mine according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (1), sulfuric acid concentration is 1 ~ 500g/L.
4. the method reclaiming gold and silver from difficult-treating gold mine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, flotation agent in described step (2) is at least one in xylogen and sulfonated lignin, and xylogen addition is 1 ~ 5000g/t ore, ligninsulfonate addition is 1 ~ 5000g/t ore, and ore slurry pipeline flow velocity is 0.1 ~ 10m/s.
5. the method reclaiming gold and silver from difficult-treating gold mine according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (3), No. 2 oily additions are 1 ~ 100g/t ore.
6. the method reclaiming gold and silver from difficult-treating gold mine according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (4) ore pulp, NaCN concentration is 0.01 ~ 10g/L.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105567992A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-05-11 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Method for reducing neutralization cost of refractory gold ore hot-pressing oxidation acid |
| CN105648231A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-08 | 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 | Quick hot pressing oxidation pretreatment technology for microgranular sulfide type gold ore |
| CN105950886A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Hot-pressing oxidation pretreatment method for arsenic-containing gold concentrates |
| CN105950885A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Slag form control treatment method for gold concentrates wrapped by pyrites |
| CN107805711A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-16 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | High-sulfur iron golden ore concentrate hard to treat containing arsenic couples extraction of gold process |
| CN107815552A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-20 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | The method that reclaims gold is washed in mud from gold mine cyaniding system containing gold |
| CN107955882A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | The high-alkali Ultrafine Grinding extraction of gold process of Refractory Au-ores |
| CN108559836A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-21 | 东北大学 | A kind of gold mine carries the pretreating process of gold |
| CN109848179A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-06-07 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | A kind of gold industry hot-pressure oxidation cyaniding tailing processing method |
| CN113088720A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 张伟晓 | Efficient pretreatment method for refractory metallurgical ore |
| CN113106246A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 东北大学 | Organic carbon modification method for carbon-containing refractory gold ore and characterization method thereof |
| CN114774687A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-22 | 厦门紫金矿冶技术有限公司 | Method for recovering gold and copper from oxygen-sulfur mixed copper-containing arsenic-containing refractory gold ore |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105567992A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-05-11 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Method for reducing neutralization cost of refractory gold ore hot-pressing oxidation acid |
| CN105648231A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-08 | 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 | Quick hot pressing oxidation pretreatment technology for microgranular sulfide type gold ore |
| CN105648231B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-12-08 | 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 | The quick hot-press oxidization pretreatment technique of microfine sulfide type of gold deposit |
| CN105950886B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-10-16 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of hot-press oxidization pretreatment method of the gold concentrate containing arsenic |
| CN105950886A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Hot-pressing oxidation pretreatment method for arsenic-containing gold concentrates |
| CN105950885A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Slag form control treatment method for gold concentrates wrapped by pyrites |
| CN105950885B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-10-16 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of slag type control process method of the gold concentrate of pyrite package |
| CN107815552A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-20 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | The method that reclaims gold is washed in mud from gold mine cyaniding system containing gold |
| CN107805711A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-16 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | High-sulfur iron golden ore concentrate hard to treat containing arsenic couples extraction of gold process |
| CN107955882A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | The high-alkali Ultrafine Grinding extraction of gold process of Refractory Au-ores |
| CN108559836A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-21 | 东北大学 | A kind of gold mine carries the pretreating process of gold |
| CN109848179A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-06-07 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | A kind of gold industry hot-pressure oxidation cyaniding tailing processing method |
| CN113088720A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 张伟晓 | Efficient pretreatment method for refractory metallurgical ore |
| CN113106246A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 东北大学 | Organic carbon modification method for carbon-containing refractory gold ore and characterization method thereof |
| CN114774687A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-22 | 厦门紫金矿冶技术有限公司 | Method for recovering gold and copper from oxygen-sulfur mixed copper-containing arsenic-containing refractory gold ore |
| CN114774687B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-01-16 | 厦门紫金矿冶技术有限公司 | Method for recovering gold and copper from oxygen-sulfur mixed copper-containing arsenic-containing refractory gold ore |
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