CN104814792A - Separable multi-arm soft mechanical arm device - Google Patents
Separable multi-arm soft mechanical arm device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可分离多臂软体机械臂装置,包括功能分手臂部分、固定总手臂部分以及支撑部分;所述功能分手臂部分以及固定总手臂部分均采用人体硅胶材质;所述固定总手臂部分连接在功能分手臂部分的后端,为功能分手臂部分提供强度支持,并与功能分手臂部分共同形成机械臂本体;所述支撑部分纵向贯穿于机械臂本体,并位于机械臂本体的轴心位置,用于支撑机械臂本体。本发明依靠拉线驱动,线驱操纵方式控制简单可靠,安全柔软对于身体组织不构成伤害,且柔性结构具有弹性可以吸收由身体组织运动带来的震动,减少手术过程中患者生理运动对于手术装置操纵性的影响;代替传统的直接手术操作,以期达到创伤小、恢复快的手术效果。
The invention discloses a detachable multi-arm soft mechanical arm device, which includes a functional sub-arm part, a fixed main arm part and a supporting part; the functional sub-arm part and the fixed main arm part are all made of human silica gel; The arm part is connected to the rear end of the functional arm part to provide strength support for the functional arm part, and together with the functional arm part to form the robot arm body; the support part runs through the robot arm body longitudinally and is located at the The axis position is used to support the robot arm body. The invention is driven by a pull wire, and the control of the wire drive operation method is simple and reliable, safe and soft, and does not cause damage to body tissues, and the flexible structure has elasticity, which can absorb the vibration caused by the movement of body tissues, and reduce the impact of the patient's physiological movement on the operation of the surgical device during the operation. Sexual impact; instead of the traditional direct surgical operation, in order to achieve the surgical effect of less trauma and quicker recovery.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗软体机械臂技术领域,具体是一种用于单切口手术的可分离多臂软体机械臂装置。The invention relates to the technical field of medical soft manipulators, in particular to a detachable multi-arm soft manipulator device for single-incision surgery.
背景技术Background technique
目前应用于临床的医疗手术机器人系统大多基于内窥镜手术原理,分为无创手术系统与微创手术系统。无创手术系统的手术工具通过人体自然腔道进入患者体内,而无需在手术部位附近体表开口,可以最大限度的实现手术的微创。如美国的X2Robotic System作为成熟的无创手术系统,已经在多国进入临床应用。但由于无创手术操作需要通过狭长复杂的人体腔道,操作难度高;且无创手术到达病灶前可能需要对健康身体组织进行穿刺操作,如对左心房进行消融手术,需经下腔静脉进入体内,从右心房刺穿进入左心房,将对患者引起其他附加伤害。Most of the medical and surgical robot systems currently used in clinical practice are based on the principle of endoscopic surgery, and are divided into non-invasive surgery systems and minimally invasive surgery systems. The surgical tools of the non-invasive surgery system enter the patient's body through the natural orifice of the human body without opening the body surface near the surgical site, which can maximize minimally invasive surgery. such as the United States As a mature non-invasive surgical system, X2Robotic System has entered clinical application in many countries. However, since the non-invasive surgery needs to go through the long and narrow human cavity, the operation is difficult; and the non-invasive surgery may need to puncture the healthy body tissue before reaching the lesion. Piercing from the right atrium into the left atrium will cause additional damage to the patient.
单切口的微创手术,目前作为一种治疗方式得到更多患者及医生的认可。如基于The da Vinci SP系统的单孔腹腔镜手术,即是通过1.5cm~4cm的小切口置入多个穿刺器或一个带有多个操作孔道的穿刺器,利用孔道内手术器械的完成手术操作。但该系统较为笨重,灵活性差。应对以上问题,M.Piccigallo等人提出SPRINT系统,该系统通过机械臂内的微型电机实现关节的扭转弯曲运动,模仿人类手臂运动,实现一个6自由度的单孔内窥镜手术系统。机构体积虽然得到改善,但灵活性不足,仅含有一个手术器械,完成单一的手术操作。于是,对医生的双手进行仿生设计,双臂机器人及多臂机器人成为近期医疗手术机器人的发展趋势。如东京大学的单孔内窥镜手术机器人,为双臂机器人的案例之一,依靠反旋向螺钉的旋转完成关节转动控制,可以达到3-5个自由度的控制,但是该系统的可操作的角度小,故工作空间较小,可达范围局限。Single-incision minimally invasive surgery is currently recognized by more patients and doctors as a treatment method. For example, the single-port laparoscopic surgery based on The da Vinci SP system is to insert multiple puncture devices or a puncture device with multiple operating channels through a small incision of 1.5 cm to 4 cm, and use the surgical instruments in the channels to complete the operation. operate. But this system is relatively bulky and has poor flexibility. In response to the above problems, M. Piccigallo et al. proposed the SPRINT system, which uses the micro-motor in the robotic arm to realize the twisting and bending motion of the joint, imitating the movement of the human arm, and realizes a 6-degree-of-freedom single-hole endoscopic surgery system. Although the volume of the mechanism has been improved, the flexibility is insufficient, and only one surgical instrument is included to complete a single operation. Therefore, the bionic design of the hands of doctors, dual-arm robots and multi-arm robots have become the development trend of medical surgical robots in the near future. For example, the single-hole endoscopic surgical robot of the University of Tokyo is one of the cases of a dual-arm robot. It relies on the rotation of the anti-rotation screw to complete the joint rotation control, which can achieve the control of 3-5 degrees of freedom, but the system is operable. The angle is small, so the working space is small and the reachable range is limited.
为解决上述困难,柔性连续体多机械臂机器人应运而生。国内专利申请号为201410206379.1的单孔腹腔镜微创手术机器人系统,通过镍钛合金驱动线驱动机械臂弯曲伸缩等运动,完成空间多自由度的运动操作。但其结构及驱动复杂,单手臂的驱动线达19根,控制难度大。另外该系统的机构复杂,连续体机械臂从鞘体中伸出收缩动作可能由于异物等的进入受阻,从而影响机构的正常运行。且机构虽然为柔性连续体,但是相对于人体组织该机械臂材料仍然较为坚硬,可能会在进入体内阶段对身体组织有碰触损伤。In order to solve the above difficulties, the flexible continuum multi-arm robot came into being. The domestic patent application number is 201410206379.1, a single-hole laparoscopic minimally invasive surgical robot system, which drives the bending and stretching of the mechanical arm through the nickel-titanium alloy driving wire to complete the motion operation with multiple degrees of freedom in space. However, its structure and drive are complex, and there are 19 drive wires for a single arm, making it difficult to control. In addition, the mechanism of the system is complex, and the extension and contraction of the continuum robotic arm from the sheath may be blocked by the entry of foreign objects, thus affecting the normal operation of the mechanism. And although the mechanism is a flexible continuum, the material of the robotic arm is still relatively hard compared to human tissue, which may cause contact damage to body tissue when it enters the body.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有单孔内窥镜系统中存在的上述不足,提供了一种可分离多臂软体机械臂装置,该可分离多臂软体机械臂装置是一种拥有任意自由度的软体多臂机器人。The present invention aims at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing single-hole endoscope system, and provides a detachable multi-arm soft manipulator. The detachable multi-arm soft manipulator is a soft multi-arm with any degree of freedom. robot.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的。The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
一种可分离多臂软体机械臂装置,包括功能分手臂部分、固定总手臂部分以及支撑部分;其中:A detachable multi-arm soft robotic arm device, including a functional sub-arm part, a fixed total arm part and a supporting part; wherein:
所述功能分手臂部分以及固定总手臂部分均采用人体硅胶材质;The functional sub-arm part and the fixed total arm part are all made of human body silica gel;
所述固定总手臂部分连接在功能分手臂部分的后端,为功能分手臂部分提供强度支持,并与功能分手臂部分共同形成机械臂本体;The fixed main arm part is connected to the rear end of the functional sub-arm part, provides strength support for the functional sub-arm part, and forms a mechanical arm body together with the functional sub-arm part;
所述支撑部分纵向贯穿于机械臂本体,并位于机械臂本体的轴心位置,用于支撑机械臂本体。The support part runs through the body of the robot arm longitudinally, and is located at the axis of the body of the robot arm for supporting the body of the robot arm.
优选地,所述可分离多臂软体机械臂装置还包括固定基座,所述固定基座上安装有驱动电机;其中:Preferably, the detachable multi-arm soft manipulator device also includes a fixed base on which a driving motor is mounted; wherein:
所述机械臂本体通过固定总手臂部分与固定基座相连接;The mechanical arm body is connected with the fixed base through the fixed total arm part;
所述功能分手臂部分和支撑部分分别与固定基座相连接,并通过驱动电机的驱动实现动作控制。The functional sub-arm part and the support part are respectively connected with the fixed base, and the action control is realized through the driving of the driving motor.
优选地,所述功能分手臂部分的分手臂包括:第一操作分手臂、第二操作分手臂以及视觉分手臂三个分手臂;其中,所述第一操作分手臂和第二操作分手臂均内嵌手术工具,所述视觉分手臂内嵌CCD摄像机;三个分手臂之间依靠磁块彼此吸合,在经单切口进入阶段,三个分手臂为收拢姿态,呈圆柱体;三个分手臂分别拥有独立的扇形控制板,每一个分手臂的扇形控制板均连接有三根分手臂牵引线,每一个分手臂的分手臂牵引线均能够单独控制。Preferably, the sub-arms of the functional sub-arm part include: a first operation sub-arm, a second operation sub-arm and a visual sub-arm; wherein, the first operation sub-arm and the second operation sub-arm are both Surgical tools are embedded, and the CCD camera is embedded in the visual sub-arm; the three sub-arms are attracted to each other by magnetic blocks. The arms have independent fan-shaped control boards, and the fan-shaped control boards of each sub-arm are connected with three sub-arm traction lines, and the sub-arm traction lines of each sub-arm can be controlled separately.
优选地,所述分手臂牵引线的另一端分别与固定基座上的驱动电机驱动连接;当到达靶器官时,驱动电机拉动分手臂牵引线克服磁块吸合力使三个分手臂彼此分离;通过单独控制每一个分手臂的分手臂牵引线,进而控制分手臂的独立弯曲收缩动作,完成手术操作。Preferably, the other ends of the traction wires of the sub-arms are respectively driven and connected to the driving motors on the fixed base; when reaching the target organ, the driving motor pulls the traction wires of the sub-arms to overcome the magnetic block attraction force to separate the three sub-arms from each other; By individually controlling the traction line of each sub-arm, and then controlling the independent bending and contraction of the sub-arms, the surgical operation is completed.
优选地,所述视觉分手臂在经单切口进入阶段朝向行进方向,内嵌CCD摄像机为功能分手臂部分的定位导航提供影像支持;当到达靶器官时,视觉分手臂与两个操作分手臂分离完成不同视角的靶器官观察诊断,辅助两个操作分手臂的手术操作。Preferably, the visual sub-arm faces the direction of travel during the entry stage through a single incision, and the embedded CCD camera provides image support for the positioning and navigation of the functional sub-arm; when reaching the target organ, the visual sub-arm is separated from the two operational sub-arms Complete the observation and diagnosis of target organs from different perspectives, and assist in the operation of the two arms.
优选地,所述手术工具包括消融头、活检钳、超声探针或能量型手术刀;所述手术工具和CCD摄像机的连接线分别与固定基座相连接。Preferably, the surgical tool includes an ablation head, a biopsy forceps, an ultrasonic probe or an energy-type scalpel; the connecting wires of the surgical tool and the CCD camera are respectively connected to the fixed base.
优选地,所述支撑部分包含三爪形端架、端架牵引线以及柔性支撑轴;其中:Preferably, the support part includes a three-claw end frame, an end frame pulling wire and a flexible support shaft; wherein:
所述三爪形端架设置于机械臂本体上功能分手臂部分一端的端部;The three-claw-shaped end frame is arranged at the end of one end of the functional sub-arm part on the mechanical arm body;
所述柔性支撑轴为具有一定刚性特性的柔性连续体,柔性支撑轴的一端连接于三爪形端架的中心位置,柔性支撑轴的另一端穿过机械臂本体,并与固定基座相连;柔性支撑轴在一定弯曲范围内可以恢复原有形状,为机械臂本体提供支撑;The flexible support shaft is a flexible continuum with a certain rigidity, one end of the flexible support shaft is connected to the center of the three-claw-shaped end frame, and the other end of the flexible support shaft passes through the main body of the mechanical arm and is connected to the fixed base; The flexible support shaft can restore the original shape within a certain bending range, providing support for the main body of the robot arm;
所述端架牵引线的一端固定于三爪形端架的顶端,端架牵引线的另一端穿过功能分手臂部分的分手臂之间的空隙,并与固定基座上的驱动电机相连;当机械臂本体经单切口进入时,通过固定基座上的驱动电机牵拉端架牵引线完成机械臂本体的弯曲转向控制。One end of the end frame traction line is fixed on the top of the three-claw-shaped end frame, and the other end of the end frame traction line passes through the gap between the sub-arms of the functional sub-arm part, and is connected with the driving motor on the fixed base; When the manipulator body enters through the single slit, the drive motor on the fixed base pulls the end frame traction line to complete the bending and steering control of the manipulator body.
优选地,所述支撑部分还包含LED照明单元,所述LED照明单元嵌装在三角形端架的前端端面上,为视觉分手臂提供辅助照明;在手术操作阶段,通过牵拉端架牵引线完成LED照明单元的照明角度调整。Preferably, the support part also includes an LED lighting unit, which is embedded on the front end surface of the triangular end frame to provide auxiliary lighting for the visual sub-arm; in the operation stage, the operation is completed by pulling the pulling wire of the end frame Lighting angle adjustment of the LED lighting unit.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、功能分手臂部分与固定总手臂部分均采用人体硅胶制成,人体硅胶在温度范围-65℃-200℃下可长期使用并保持其柔软弹性性能,环保无毒,通过SGS环保无毒认证,具有优良的电性能和化学稳定性,耐水、耐臭氧、耐气候老化,无腐蚀性,具有生理惰性,无毒无味,线收缩率低,易操作等特点,可安全可靠的应用于医疗领域;1. Both the functional arm part and the fixed arm part are made of human body silica gel. The human body silica gel can be used for a long time and maintain its soft and elastic properties in the temperature range of -65°C-200°C. It is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, and has passed the SGS environmental protection and non-toxic certification , with excellent electrical properties and chemical stability, water resistance, ozone resistance, weather aging resistance, non-corrosive, physiologically inert, non-toxic and tasteless, low linear shrinkage, easy to operate, etc., can be safely and reliably used in the medical field ;
2、依靠拉线驱动,线驱操纵方式控制简单可靠,安全柔软对于身体组织不构成伤害,且柔性结构具有弹性可以吸收由身体组织运动带来的震动,减少手术过程中患者生理运动对于手术装置操纵性的影响;2. Relying on the pull wire drive, the control of the wire drive operation method is simple and reliable, safe and soft, and does not cause damage to body tissues, and the flexible structure is elastic and can absorb the vibration caused by the movement of body tissues, reducing the impact of the patient's physiological movement on the operation of the surgical device during the operation sexual influence;
3、本发明可以应用于医疗手术领域,代替传统的直接手术操作,以期达到创伤小、恢复快的手术效果。3. The present invention can be applied in the field of medical surgery to replace the traditional direct surgical operation, in order to achieve the surgical effect of less trauma and quick recovery.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
图1是本发明整体结构收拢状态概略图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the folded state of the overall structure of the present invention;
图2是支撑部分示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the supporting part;
图3是图1功能分手臂部分透视图;Fig. 3 is a partial perspective view of the functional arm of Fig. 1;
图4是本发明整体结构展开状态概略图;Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the unfolded state of the overall structure of the present invention;
图5是图3视觉分手臂控制示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of visual sub-arm control in Fig. 3;
图6是分手臂扇形控制板分布示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of distribution of arm sector control boards;
图7是图6扇形控制板示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the fan-shaped control board in Fig. 6 .
图中,1为功能分手臂部分,2为固定分手臂部分,3为支撑部分,4为三爪形端架,5为柔性支撑轴,6为第一端架牵引线,7为第二端架牵引线,8为第三端架牵引线,9为LED照明单元,10为操作分手臂,11为视觉分手臂,12为嵌入手术工具,13为CCD摄像机,14为磁块,15为扇形控制板,16为分手臂牵引线。In the figure, 1 is the functional sub-arm part, 2 is the fixed sub-arm part, 3 is the support part, 4 is the three-claw end frame, 5 is the flexible support shaft, 6 is the traction line of the first end frame, and 7 is the second end Frame traction line, 8 is the third end frame traction line, 9 is the LED lighting unit, 10 is the operation sub-arm, 11 is the visual sub-arm, 12 is the embedded surgical tool, 13 is the CCD camera, 14 is the magnetic block, 15 is the sector Control panel, 16 is the branch arm traction line.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明:本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention: this embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and provides detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例Example
本实施例提供了一种可分离多臂软体机械臂装置,包括:This embodiment provides a detachable multi-arm soft robotic arm device, including:
功能分手臂部分,所述功能分手臂部分包括功能分手臂部分以及视觉分手臂部分。所述功能分手臂以及视觉分手臂可通过分手臂牵引线分别控制。理论分手臂拥有无限自由度,可以完成任意角度的弯转动作,以及一定范围内的伸缩动作。A functional sub-arm part, the functional sub-arm part includes a functional sub-arm part and a visual sub-arm part. The functional sub-arm and visual sub-arm can be controlled respectively by sub-arm traction lines. Theoretically, the arm has unlimited degrees of freedom, and can complete bending movements at any angle, as well as telescopic movements within a certain range.
固定总手臂部分,所述固定总手臂部分位于分手臂后部,为整体装置提供一定的强度支持。并将所述可分离多臂软体机械臂装置与固定基座连接。The total arm part is fixed, and the fixed total arm part is located at the rear of the sub-arm to provide certain strength support for the whole device. And the detachable multi-arm soft manipulator is connected with the fixed base.
支撑部分,所述支撑部分位于整体装置的轴心位置,纵向贯穿装置整体,为装置提供支撑。在所述装置通过单切口进入人体内且未到达靶器官前,通过支撑部分的端架牵引线对装置进行弯曲转向控制。The supporting part is located at the axial center of the whole device, runs through the whole device longitudinally, and provides support for the device. Before the device enters the human body through a single incision and does not reach the target organ, the device is controlled to bend and steer through the end frame pulling wire of the supporting part.
进一步地,所述功能分手臂部分含有2个操作分手臂以及1个视觉分手臂。分手臂均含有分手臂功能单元,其中操作分手臂对应内嵌手术工具(消融头、活检钳、超声探针、能量型手术刀等),视觉分手臂对应内嵌CCD摄像机。分手臂之间依靠磁块彼此吸合,在通过胸腔或腹腔的单切口进入病患体内时保持吸合状态。三个分手臂处于吸合状态时,合并为一个圆柱。Further, the functional sub-arm part includes 2 operating sub-arms and 1 visual sub-arm. Each sub-arm contains sub-arm functional units, in which the operation sub-arm corresponds to the embedded surgical tools (ablation head, biopsy forceps, ultrasonic probe, energy-type scalpel, etc.), and the vision sub-arm corresponds to the embedded CCD camera. The sub-arms are attracted to each other by magnetic blocks, and remain in the closed state when entering the patient's body through a single incision in the chest cavity or abdominal cavity. When the three sub-arms are in the suction state, they merge into a cylinder.
进一步地,所述分手臂均含有独立扇形控制板和分手臂牵引线。分手臂牵引线一端固定在扇形牵引板上,另一端纵向穿过相应分手臂、固定总手臂连接于固定基座上的控制电机。每个分手臂对应3根牵引线。通过电机拉动相应牵引线,可完成分手臂的主体分离以及独立控制动作。牵拉牵引线,克服分手臂之间的磁块磁力进行分手臂之间及分手臂与主体的分离。独立控制分手臂可以完成手臂弯曲、在一定范围内的收缩运动,从而使得操作分手臂完成相应手术动作;使得视觉分手臂前端CCD摄像机获得合适视野范围,协助对靶器官的诊断及手术操作。Further, each of the sub-arms includes an independent fan-shaped control board and a sub-arm traction line. One end of the sub-arm traction line is fixed on the fan-shaped traction plate, and the other end longitudinally passes through the corresponding sub-arm, and the fixed total arm is connected to the control motor on the fixed base. Each sub-arm corresponds to 3 traction lines. By pulling the corresponding traction line through the motor, the main body separation and independent control action of the sub-arm can be completed. Pull the traction line, overcome the magnetic force of the magnetic block between the sub-arms and separate the sub-arms and the sub-arm from the main body. Independent control of the sub-arm can complete arm bending and contraction within a certain range, so that the operation sub-arm can complete the corresponding surgical actions; the CCD camera at the front of the vision sub-arm can obtain a suitable field of view, assisting the diagnosis and surgical operation of the target organ.
进一步地,所述视觉分手臂内嵌CCD摄像机,CCD摄像机镜头朝向视觉分手臂纵向方向。在该机械臂装置进入阶段进行实时影像传输,为装置的导航定位控制提供参考。在该机械臂装置手术操作阶段,通过牵拉分手臂牵引线完成CCD摄像机镜头方向以及视觉分手臂位姿的调整,使医生获得直观的影像资料,为诊断以及操作分手臂的手术操作提供参考。Further, the vision sub-arm is embedded with a CCD camera, and the lens of the CCD camera faces the longitudinal direction of the vision sub-arm. Real-time image transmission is performed during the entry stage of the robotic arm device, providing a reference for the navigation and positioning control of the device. In the operation stage of the robotic arm device, the adjustment of the CCD camera lens direction and the visual arm pose is completed by pulling the arm traction line, so that the doctor can obtain intuitive image data, which provides reference for diagnosis and operation of the arm.
进一步地,所述固定总手臂部分接于分手臂后端,与三个分手臂吸合时的圆柱为同一尺寸。Further, the fixed main arm part is connected to the rear end of the sub-arms, and has the same size as the cylinder when the three sub-arms are sucked together.
进一步地,所述支撑部分由三爪形端架、柔性支撑轴、端架牵引线以及LED照明单元组成。其中,三爪形端架是具有有一定弹性及刚度的支架,固定于柔性支撑轴一端,柔性支撑轴纵向贯穿于装置整体,另一端固定于固定基座。所述柔性支撑轴位于装置纵轴,仅用于支撑,无驱动任务,为有一定刚度的弯曲可恢复的柔性柱体。所述三爪形端架三个端部固定有端架牵引线,在该机械臂装置进入阶段起到牵引控制作用,牵拉端架牵引线控制机械臂整体的弯曲转向。在该机械臂装置手术展开阶段(分手臂分离进行独立手术操作),牵拉端架牵引线,调整端架端面LED照明单元角度,改善目标器官的照明环境。Further, the supporting part is composed of a three-claw-shaped end frame, a flexible support shaft, an end frame pulling wire and an LED lighting unit. Among them, the three-claw-shaped end frame is a bracket with certain elasticity and rigidity, fixed on one end of the flexible support shaft, the flexible support shaft runs through the whole device longitudinally, and the other end is fixed on the fixed base. The flexible support shaft is located on the longitudinal axis of the device and is only used for support without driving tasks. It is a flexible column with a certain stiffness and can be restored after bending. The three ends of the three-claw-shaped end frame are fixed with end frame traction wires, which play a role in traction control during the entry stage of the mechanical arm device, and pull the end frame traction wires to control the overall bending and turning of the mechanical arm. During the operation deployment stage of the robotic arm device (the arm is separated for independent surgical operation), the traction line of the end frame is pulled, and the angle of the LED lighting unit on the end face of the end frame is adjusted to improve the lighting environment of the target organ.
进一步地,功能分手臂部分以及固定总手臂部分均为人体硅胶材质的柔性连续体,无任何刚性结构。可完成任意自由度的弯曲及恢复。Furthermore, the functional sub-arm part and the fixed total arm part are all flexible continuums made of human silicone material without any rigid structure. Can complete bending and recovery of any degree of freedom.
下面结合附图对本实施例进一步描述。This embodiment will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
一种可分离多臂软体机械臂装置,包括功能分手臂部分,固定总手臂部分以及支撑部分。其中功能分手臂部分以及固定总手臂部分主体为人体硅胶材质。装置前部分为功能分手臂部分,固定总手臂部分连接在功能分手臂后部,支撑部分纵向贯穿装置整体,位于装置的轴心。A detachable multi-arm soft mechanical arm device includes a functional sub-arm part, a fixed general arm part and a supporting part. Among them, the functional part of the arm and the main body of the fixed arm part are made of human body silicone. The front part of the device is divided into the functional sub-arm part, the fixed total arm part is connected to the rear part of the functional sub-arm, and the supporting part runs through the whole device longitudinally and is located at the axis of the device.
所述功能分手臂部分,含有三个功能分手臂,其中有2个操作分手臂以及1个视觉分手臂。所述操作分手臂内嵌有手术工具,如消融头、活检钳、超声探针、能量型手术刀等。视觉分手臂内嵌CCD摄像机。分手臂之间依靠磁块彼此吸合,在经单切口进入阶段,三个分手臂为收拢姿态,呈圆柱体。每个分手臂拥有独立的扇形控制板,每个控制板分布有三根分手臂牵引线。分手臂牵引线的另一端纵向穿过分手臂与固定基座的电机相连。控制电机转动即可完成对与分手臂牵引线的拉紧与放松动作。当到达靶器官时,拉动分手臂牵引线克服磁块吸引力使分手臂与主体分离。单独控制每个分手臂的分手臂牵引线即可控制分手臂的独立弯曲收缩等动作,从而完成手术操作。The functional sub-arm part contains three functional sub-arms, including 2 operational sub-arms and 1 visual sub-arm. Surgical tools, such as ablation heads, biopsy forceps, ultrasonic probes, energy scalpels, etc., are embedded in the operation sub-arm. The vision sub-arm is embedded with a CCD camera. The sub-arms are attracted to each other by the magnetic block. In the stage of entering through a single incision, the three sub-arms are in a closed posture, forming a cylinder. Each sub-arm has an independent fan-shaped control board, and each control board is distributed with three sub-arm traction lines. The other end of the sub-arm traction line passes through the sub-arm longitudinally and is connected with the motor of the fixed base. Controlling the rotation of the motor can complete the tensioning and loosening actions of the traction line of the pairing and splitting arms. When the target organ is reached, pull the traction line of the arm to overcome the attraction force of the magnetic block to separate the arm from the main body. Separately controlling the sub-arm traction line of each sub-arm can control the independent bending and contraction of the sub-arms, thereby completing the operation.
所述视觉分手臂含有CCD摄像机,在进入阶段朝向行进方向,为定位导航提供影像支持。将视觉分手臂从主体分离即可完成不同视角的对于靶器官的观察诊断,辅助操作分手臂的手术操作。The vision sub-arm contains a CCD camera, which faces the direction of travel during the entry stage, providing image support for positioning and navigation. Separate the visual arm from the main body to complete the observation and diagnosis of target organs from different perspectives, and assist the surgical operation of the arm.
所述固定总手臂部分将功能分手臂与固定基座相连,为该机械臂装置提供支撑。分手臂牵引线、嵌入的手术工具、CCD摄像机连接线、支撑部分的柔性支撑轴穿过固定总手臂部分与固定基座相连。The fixed main arm part connects the functional sub-arms with the fixed base to provide support for the mechanical arm device. The arm traction line, the embedded surgical tool, the CCD camera connection line, and the flexible support shaft of the support part pass through the fixed total arm part and are connected with the fixed base.
所述支撑部分包含三爪形端架、端架牵引线、柔性支撑轴以及LED照明单元。三爪形端架位于柔性支撑轴一端,柔性支撑轴另一端穿过固定总手臂部分与固定基座相连。其中柔性支撑轴为有一定刚性的柔性连续体,在一定弯曲范围内可以恢复原有形状,为装置整体提供支撑。三爪形端架顶端固定有端架牵引线,端架牵引线另一端穿过分手臂之间空隙,穿过固定总手臂与固定基座上的驱动电机相连。装置经单切口进入时功能分手臂部分处于收拢状态,通过固定基座上的驱动电机牵拉端架牵引线完成整体的弯曲转向控制。三爪形端架端面嵌有LED照明单元,为视觉分手臂提供辅助照明。手术操作阶段,可通过牵拉端架牵引线完成照明装置的照明角度调整。The supporting part includes a three-claw-shaped end frame, an end frame pulling wire, a flexible support shaft and an LED lighting unit. The three-claw end frame is located at one end of the flexible support shaft, and the other end of the flexible support shaft passes through the fixed total arm part and is connected with the fixed base. Among them, the flexible support shaft is a flexible continuum with a certain rigidity, which can restore the original shape within a certain bending range and provide support for the whole device. The top of the three-claw-shaped end frame is fixed with an end frame traction line, and the other end of the end frame traction line passes through the gap between the sub-arms, passes through the fixed total arm and is connected with the driving motor on the fixed base. When the device enters through the single incision, the functional arm part is in the folded state, and the drive motor on the fixed base pulls the end frame traction line to complete the overall bending steering control. The end face of the three-claw end frame is embedded with an LED lighting unit to provide auxiliary lighting for the visual arm. During the operation stage, the lighting angle adjustment of the lighting device can be completed by pulling the traction wire of the end frame.
具体为:Specifically:
如图1所示,功能分手臂部分1直接与固定总手臂部分2相连接,支撑部分3纵向贯穿于多臂软体机械臂装置整体。As shown in FIG. 1 , the functional sub-arm part 1 is directly connected to the fixed general arm part 2, and the support part 3 longitudinally runs through the whole multi-arm soft robotic arm device.
支撑部分如图2所示,由三爪形端架4、柔性支撑单元5、端架牵引线6、7、8,LED照明单元9。支撑部分完成对软体机械臂装置整体的支撑以及驱动功能的实现。柔性支撑单元为有一定刚度的柔性连续体,不锈钢编织软管防水抗腐蚀,有一定刚度且弹性良好,在本施例中采用的为直径为2mm的不锈钢编织软管。本施例中选择渔线为端架牵引线,渔线主要是尼龙、DYNEEMA纤维等制成,可承受较大的拉力,强度和耐磨度高。软体机械臂在经过单切口进入患者体内时处于收拢状态,如图1所示。如图3所示,功能分手臂通过之间的磁块吸引彼此吸合,呈圆柱体,在本施例中,此收拢状态下的分手臂整体与固定总手臂部分直径相同,为15mm。As shown in Figure 2, the supporting part consists of a three-claw-shaped end frame 4, a flexible support unit 5, end frame pulling wires 6, 7, 8, and an LED lighting unit 9. The support part completes the overall support of the soft robotic arm device and the realization of the driving function. The flexible support unit is a flexible continuum with a certain rigidity. The stainless steel braided hose is waterproof and corrosion-resistant, has a certain rigidity and good elasticity. In this embodiment, a stainless steel braided hose with a diameter of 2 mm is used. In this embodiment, the fishing line is selected as the end-frame traction line. The fishing line is mainly made of nylon, DYNEEMA fiber, etc., which can withstand a large pulling force and has high strength and wear resistance. The soft robotic arm is in a folded state when entering the patient's body through a single incision, as shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 3, the magnetic blocks between the functional sub-arms attract each other and are cylindrical. In this embodiment, the sub-arms in this folded state have the same diameter as the fixed total arm part, which is 15mm.
机械臂装置在收拢状态时,通过牵拉端架牵引线对于机械臂整体进行方向控制,如图2所示。如第一牵拉端架牵引线6可完成抬头动作,同时牵拉端架牵引线7、8可完成低头动作,第二牵拉端架牵引线7可完成纸面向外的转向动作,同理第三牵拉端架牵引线8可完成纸面向内的转向动作。端架牵引线一端固定于端架顶端,从分手臂之间穿过,纵向贯穿固定分手臂部分,与固定基座上的控制电机相连。端架前端的LED照明单元为视觉单元提供照明辅助。When the mechanical arm device is in the folded state, the overall direction of the mechanical arm is controlled by pulling the traction line of the end frame, as shown in Figure 2. For example, the first pulling end frame pulling line 6 can complete the head-up action, while pulling the end frame pulling lines 7 and 8 can complete the head-down action, and the second pulling end frame pulling line 7 can complete the paper-facing outward turning action, similarly The third pulling end frame pulling line 8 can complete the turning action of the paper surface inward. One end of the traction line of the end frame is fixed on the top of the end frame, passes between the sub-arms, runs through the fixed sub-arm part longitudinally, and is connected with the control motor on the fixed base. The LED lighting unit at the front of the end frame provides lighting assistance for the vision unit.
图3所示为功能分手臂透视示意图,本施例采用2个操作分手臂10以及1个视觉分手臂11,其中操作分手臂内嵌手术工具如消融头、活检钳、超声探针、能量型手术刀等,本施例采用活检钳给出具体方案。视觉分手臂内嵌CCD摄像机,实时与上位机进行影像通信,为医生在机械臂进入阶段以及手术操作阶段提供导航、定位、诊断等的影像参考。每个分手臂均有扇形控制板15,扇形控制板的分布如图6,每个扇形控制板上的分手臂牵引线的固定位置如图7。分手臂牵引线纵向贯穿所控制的相应功能分手臂、固定总手臂与固定基座上的控制电机相连。对于分手臂的牵引控制方法参见对于端架牵引线的控制,对于单个功能分手臂的操纵示意图如图5所示。Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of functional sub-arms. In this embodiment, two operating sub-arms 10 and one visual sub-arm 11 are used, wherein the operating sub-arms are embedded with surgical tools such as ablation heads, biopsy forceps, ultrasonic probes, energy-based Scalpel etc., the present embodiment adopts biopsy forceps to give specific scheme. The vision arm is embedded with a CCD camera, which communicates with the host computer in real time, providing doctors with image references for navigation, positioning, and diagnosis during the entry stage of the robotic arm and the surgical operation stage. Each branch arm all has sector control board 15, and the distribution of sector control board is as Figure 6, and the fixed position of branch arm traction line on each sector control board is as Figure 7. The sub-arm traction line longitudinally runs through the controlled corresponding function sub-arms, and the fixed total arm is connected with the control motor on the fixed base. For the traction control method of the sub-arm, refer to the control of the traction line of the end frame. The schematic diagram of the manipulation of a single functional sub-arm is shown in Figure 5.
机械臂到达靶器官时,通过牵拉三个分手臂对应的分手臂牵引线,克服分手臂之间的磁块磁力,进行装置的展开,如图4所示。通过独立控制手柄控制每个功能分手臂完成手术操作。牵拉分手臂牵引线完成分手臂位姿的控制,可同时操纵手术工具完成远程手术操作,牵拉端架牵引线完成端架端面的LED照明单元的照明角度,辅助手术的进行。手术进行时,根据工作空间的大小,通过牵引线调节分手臂的姿态。当手术操作和诊断工作完成时,放松分手臂牵引线使得功能分手臂再次由于磁块磁力彼此吸合收拢。吸合收拢时可能出现吸合不准的情况,具体实施时应首先进行两个操作分手臂的吸合收拢工作,同时控制视觉分手臂视角,对收拢过程起到视觉辅助监督的作用,当操作分手臂完成吸合收拢归位,再对视觉分手臂进行吸合收拢归位作业,整体吸合收拢动作完成的标志应是视觉分手臂的视野内只有人体组织,而不会呈现任何软体机械臂的影像。When the robotic arm reaches the target organ, it pulls the corresponding arm traction wires of the three arm arms to overcome the magnetic force of the magnetic block between the arm arms and unfold the device, as shown in Figure 4. Each functional arm is controlled by an independent control handle to complete the surgical operation. Pulling the sub-arm traction line completes the control of the sub-arm posture, and can simultaneously manipulate surgical tools to complete remote surgery operations, pull the end frame traction line to complete the lighting angle of the LED lighting unit on the end face of the end frame, and assist in the operation. During the operation, according to the size of the working space, the posture of the sub-arm is adjusted through the traction line. When operation operation and diagnosis work were finished, loosening the arm traction line made the function arm draw together again due to the magnetic force of the magnetic block. Inaccurate suction may occur during suction and folding. In the specific implementation, the suction and folding of the two operating arms should be carried out first. The sub-arm completes the suction, folding and homing, and then performs the suction, folding and homing operation on the visual sub-arm. The sign of the completion of the overall suction and folding action should be that only human tissues are in the field of vision of the visual sub-arm, and no soft robotic arm will appear. of the image.
本实施例提供的可分离的多臂软体机械臂装置,功能分手臂部分位于该机械臂的前部,固定总手臂部分位于机械臂后部,支撑部分位于手臂轴心。其中,功能分手臂部分共含有三个功能分手臂,包括两个内嵌手术工具(消融头、活检钳、超声探针、能量型手术刀等)的操作分手臂,一个前置CCD摄像机的视觉分手臂。固定总手臂部分为一体圆柱。支撑部分为有一定弹性及刚度的支架,对机械臂整体起到支撑作用。本装置为软体机械臂医疗机器人系统的操作部分,通过系统的控制部分进行控制。装置通过腹腔或胸腔单切口进入病患体内,在进入阶段分手臂间的磁块磁力将三个分手臂吸引收紧,依靠拉拽支撑部分顶端牵引线完成弯转、伸缩等行为。到达手术靶器官,通过牵引分手臂的牵引线克服磁力分离各功能分手臂,单独操作分手臂的牵引线完成调整摄像头以及手术操作等行为。本装置主要应用于医疗手术领域,代替传统的直接手术操作,以期达到创伤小、恢复快的手术效果。In the detachable multi-arm soft robot device provided in this embodiment, the functional sub-arm part is located at the front of the robot arm, the fixed general arm part is located at the rear of the robot arm, and the support part is located at the axis of the arm. Among them, the functional sub-arm part contains a total of three functional sub-arms, including two operating sub-arms with embedded surgical tools (ablation head, biopsy forceps, ultrasonic probe, energy-type scalpel, etc.), and a front-facing CCD camera. Divide arms. The fixed total arm part is a cylinder. The support part is a bracket with certain elasticity and rigidity, which supports the whole mechanical arm. This device is the operating part of the medical robot system with soft manipulator, and is controlled by the control part of the system. The device enters the patient's body through a single incision in the abdominal cavity or thoracic cavity. During the entry stage, the magnetic force between the arms attracts and tightens the three arms, and the pulling wire at the top of the support part completes bending, stretching and other actions. After arriving at the surgical target organ, the traction wires of the sub-arms overcome the magnetic force to separate the functional sub-arms, and the traction wires of the sub-arms are operated independently to complete the adjustment of the camera and surgical operations. The device is mainly used in the field of medical surgery to replace the traditional direct surgical operation, in order to achieve the surgical effect of less trauma and quick recovery.
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.
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