CN104811091B - A kind of multi-direction vibration energy collector based on annular Halbach array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-directional vibration energy harvester based on an annular Halbach array, which comprises a support base mechanism, a vibration beam mechanism, a transducer and a magnetic circuit mechanism, and the vibration beam mechanism and the magnetic circuit mechanism are connected to the support base mechanism , the transducer is arranged at one end of the vibrating beam mechanism, characterized in that: the magnetic circuit mechanism is an annular Halbach array mechanism, and the transducer is arranged in the magnetic field space of the magnetic circuit mechanism; when the energy harvester is in When the vibration in the external environment is sensed, the transducer reciprocates in the magnetic field space, thereby generating an electrical output. In the present invention, the external magnetic field strength of the annular Halbach array is basically zero, and the array will not generate electromagnetic interference to the electronic components in the surrounding environment of the vibration energy harvester, which reduces the volume of the energy harvester as a whole.

Description

A Multidirectional Vibration Energy Harvester Based on Ring Halbach Array

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of new environment-friendly energy collection, and in particular relates to a multi-directional broadband vibration energy collector based on a ring-shaped Halbach array.

Background technique

With the advent of the Internet of Things era, wireless sensing technology has been widely used in our daily life, especially in the fields of environmental monitoring and data transmission. At the same time, traditional batteries with short service life, difficult to replace, and environmental hazards have been difficult to meet the power supply requirements of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks, which also hinders the development of wireless sensor networks to a certain extent. . Therefore, self-powered technology emerges at the historic moment. Vibration energy exists widely in the environment. Compared with renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, and thermal energy, vibration energy has a high energy density and is less affected by external factors. Therefore, vibration energy harvesters offer an important and viable option for powering wireless sensor networks.

At present, most vibration energy harvesters use cantilever beams or springs as vibration components, but the disadvantage of this type of vibration is that it can only respond to vibration in one direction. When the vibration direction of the vibration source in the environment changes, other The vibration energy in the direction cannot be collected by the vibration energy collector, which reduces the collection efficiency of the collector to a certain extent. At the same time, the magnet in the vibration energy harvester may cause electromagnetic interference to external electronic components, so it is necessary to keep a certain safe distance between the electronic components and the vibration energy harvester, which also increases the overall volume of the vibration energy harvester.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-directional vibration energy harvester based on a ring-shaped Halbach array.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved by such a technical solution, a multi-directional vibration energy harvester based on a ring-shaped Halbach array, comprising a support base mechanism, a vibrating beam mechanism, a transducer and a magnetic circuit mechanism, the vibrating beam mechanism Connected with the magnetic circuit mechanism and the support base mechanism, the transducer is arranged at the end of the vibrating beam mechanism, the magnetic circuit mechanism is a ring-shaped Halbach array mechanism, and the transducer is arranged in the magnetic field space of the magnetic circuit mechanism; When the energy harvester senses the vibration in the external environment, the transducer reciprocates in the magnetic field space, thereby generating electrical output.

Preferably, the vibrating beam can vibrate along any direction in the same plane.

Preferably, the supporting base mechanism includes a base, on which a slide rail is arranged, and the movable fixed end is slidably connected to the base.

Owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following advantage:

1. In the present invention, the external magnetic field strength of the annular Halbach array is basically zero, and the array will not generate electromagnetic interference to the electronic components in the surrounding environment of the vibration energy harvester, which generally reduces the volume of the energy harvester.

2. The vibration beam of the vibration energy harvester in the present invention vibrates in multiple directions. Compared with the vibration in a single direction, the energy collection effect is high and the adaptability to the environment is strong.

3. The resonant frequency of the energy harvester in the present invention is adjustable, and the length of the vibrating beam can be adjusted to make the vibrating frequency close to that of the external vibration, so that the resonance can achieve the best output effect.

Description of drawings

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional model diagram of the annular Halbach array multidirectional low-frequency vibration energy harvester involved in the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular Halbach array;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the annular Halbach array;

Fig. 4 is a model diagram of the vibrating beam mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transducer.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, a multi-directional vibration energy harvester based on a ring-shaped Halbach array includes a supporting base mechanism, a vibrating beam mechanism, a transducer and a magnetic circuit mechanism, and the vibrating beam mechanism and the magnetic circuit mechanism are connected to the supporting base Mechanism connection, the transducer is arranged at the end of the vibrating beam mechanism, the magnetic circuit mechanism is an annular Halbach array mechanism, and the transducer 3 is arranged in the magnetic field space of the magnetic circuit mechanism; when the energy harvester receives an external Vibration in the environment produces forced vibration, the vibrating beam mechanism produces elastic vibration, and the relative displacement of the transducer within the ring-shaped Halbach array causes changes in the external magnetic field of the transducer. The transducer is reciprocated inside to generate an electrical output; the transducer is located in the center of the magnetic field space when no vibration is felt in the external environment.

The ring-shaped Halbach array is a special magnet structure. Through the special arrangement of several permanent magnets in a ring, the magnetic fields generated by each permanent magnet superimpose or cancel each other, so that the magnetic field inside the ring array is enhanced, while the outside of the array The magnetic field is essentially zero. Because the external magnetic field of the Halbach annular array is basically zero, the array will not interfere with external electronic components, thereby reducing the overall volume of the vibration energy harvester.

As a structure of this embodiment, the supporting base mechanism includes a base 1-1 and a movable fixed end 1-2, the base is provided with a slide rail 1-3, and the movable fixed end is slidably connected to the base. By adjusting the distance between the mobile fixed end and the ring-shaped sea line Erbeck array, the vibration frequency of the vibration beam mechanism is close to the frequency of external vibration, so that its resonance can achieve the best output effect. In this embodiment, in order to reduce the influence of the magnetic field generated by the annular Halbach array, the base, the fixed moving end and the sliding rail are made of non-magnetic conductive material (aluminum in this example).

As a structure of this embodiment, the vibrating beam mechanism includes a vibrating beam 2-1, which can vibrate along any direction in the same plane. The vibrating beam of the vibrating energy harvester in the present invention vibrates in multiple directions. Compared with vibrating in a single direction, the vibrating beam has high energy collection effect and strong adaptability to the environment.

As a structure of this embodiment, the vibrating beam includes a first vibrating beam 2-11 and a second vibrating beam 2-12 fixedly connected with the first vibrating beam, the cross-sectional area of the second vibrating beam is smaller than that of the first vibrating beam A cross-section of a vibrating beam. The transducer is arranged at the end of the first vibrating beam. At the same time, a first blind hole is arranged on the moving fixed end, and the second vibrating beam part extends into the first blind hole and is connected with the blind hole.

As another structure of this embodiment, the vibrating beam mechanism further includes a vibrating beam fixed end 2-2, the support base mechanism includes a movable fixed end, and the vibrating beam fixed end is fixed on the movable fixed end, the A second blind hole is provided on the fixed end of the vibrating beam, the vibrating beam includes a first vibrating beam and a second vibrating beam connected to the first vibrating beam, the cross-sectional area of the second vibrating beam is smaller than that of the first vibrating beam Cross-sectional area, the second vibrating beam partially extends into the second blind hole.

The first and/or second vibrating beams are in the shape of a cuboid, and may also be in the shape of a cylinder, and its specific shape is not further limited.

As a structure of this embodiment, the annular Halbach array mechanism includes an annular Halbach array 4-1 and an array fixture 4-2. The array fixture is fixed by screws and the base 1-1, and the annular Halbach array 4-1 is embedded inside the array fixture 4-2.

As a structure of this embodiment, the transducer 3 adopts a coil, and the magnetic flux inside the transducer 3 changes. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, an induced voltage is generated in the transducer 3, thereby realizing a mechanical Conversion of vibrational energy into electrical energy.

As another structure of this embodiment, the transducer 3 adopts a magnetoelectric transducer, as shown in FIG. And 3-3, forming a "sandwich structure". Changes in the magnetic field where the transducer is located will cause the corresponding deformation of the magnetostrictive material layer in the magnetoelectric transducer, and the deformation will be transmitted to the piezoelectric material layer in the magnetoelectric transducer. The piezoelectric effect produces an electrical output, ultimately realizing the electromechanical-magnetic-electrical conversion.

In summary, the vibration energy harvester involved in the present invention has many advantages such as high energy harvesting efficiency, small volume, and low operating frequency.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of multi-direction vibration energy collector based on annular Halbach array, including support base mechanism, walking beam Mechanism, transducer and magnetic path, the walking beam mechanism and magnetic path are connected with support base mechanism respectively, the transducing Device is arranged at the end of walking beam mechanism, it is characterised in that：The magnetic path is annular Halbach array mechanism, described to change Energy device is arranged in the magnetic field space of magnetic path；When energy collecting device is in the vibration in experiencing external environment condition, transducer It is reciprocating in magnetic field space, so as to produce electricity output；

The walking beam mechanism includes walking beam, and one end of the walking beam is fixedly connected with support base mechanism, the other end and Transducer is connected；

The walking beam can vibrate along any direction in the same plane；

The walking beam includes the first walking beam and the second walking beam being connected with the first walking beam, the horizontal stroke of second walking beam Sectional area is less than the cross-sectional area of the first walking beam；The support base mechanism includes mobile fixing end, the mobile fixing end On be provided with the first blind hole, the second walking beam part is stretched into the first blind hole.

2. the multi-direction vibration energy collector according to claim 1 based on annular Halbach array, its feature exists In：In the vibration in not experiencing external environment condition, the transducer is located at the center of magnetic field space.

3. the multi-direction vibration energy collector according to claim 1 or 2 based on annular Halbach array, its feature It is：The support base mechanism includes being provided with slide rail on base, the base, and the mobile fixing end is slided with base to be connected Connect.

4. the multi-direction vibration energy collector according to claim 1 based on annular Halbach array, its feature exists In：The transducer includes coil tube.

5. the multi-direction vibration energy collector according to claim 1 based on annular Halbach array, its feature exists In：The transducer includes piezoelectric material layer and is compound in the magneto strictive material of piezoelectric material layer both sides.

6. a kind of multi-direction vibration energy collector based on annular Halbach array, including support base mechanism, walking beam Mechanism, transducer and magnetic path, the walking beam mechanism and magnetic path are connected with support base mechanism respectively, the transducing Device is arranged at the end of walking beam mechanism, it is characterised in that：The magnetic path is annular Halbach array mechanism, described to change Energy device is arranged in the magnetic field space of magnetic path；When energy collecting device is in the vibration in experiencing external environment condition, transducer It is reciprocating in magnetic field space, so as to produce electricity output；

The walking beam mechanism includes walking beam, and one end of the walking beam is fixedly connected with support base mechanism, the other end and Transducer is connected；

The walking beam can vibrate along any direction in the same plane；

The walking beam mechanism also includes walking beam fixing end, and the support base mechanism includes mobile fixing end, the vibration Beam fixing end is fixed in mobile fixing end, is provided with the second blind hole in the walking beam fixing end, and the walking beam includes the One walking beam and the second walking beam being connected with the first walking beam, the cross-sectional area of second walking beam are less than the first walking beam Cross-sectional area, the second walking beam part is stretched into the second blind hole.