CN104807431A - Underground roadway convergence and deformation continuous monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous monitoring device for convergence deformation of an underground roadway. A plurality of self-defined cross-sections are set in the underground roadway as monitoring surfaces, and each monitoring surface is provided with a convergence deformation monitoring device. The signal is transmitted to the general control circuit board, which is connected to the industrial computer; the structure of the convergence deformation monitoring device is that a displacement sensing device is installed on the upper part of the arch feet on both sides of the monitoring surface, and three sensors are installed on the same monitoring surface. There are three fixed points, and the fixed points and the displacement sensing devices are distributed alternately, and each fixed point is respectively equipped with a cable sleeve to connect with the adjacent displacement sensing device. The monitoring device can realize real-time, automatic and continuous measurement with high precision, and the monitoring process does not interfere with the normal operation of the tunnel or roadway.

Description

A continuous monitoring device for underground roadway convergence deformation

technical field

The invention relates to a continuous monitoring device for convergence deformation of an underground tunnel, belonging to the technical field of tunnel and tunnel engineering.

Background technique

Using a convergent meter to monitor the convergence deformation of the cross-section of the roadway is an important means to test the stability of the top of the underground roadway project. , especially under the condition of frequent disturbance of underground excavation activities, it has become an important means to test the effect of engineering design and ensure the safe construction and operation of the project.

At present, the commonly used tunnel or roadway deformation monitoring technologies mainly include automatic tracking total station, automatic close-range photography technology and convergence meter. The automatic tracking total station has high measurement accuracy and can be observed under the unique weak light conditions of the tunnel, but the measurement environment is required to be dust-free, otherwise the measurement accuracy is difficult to guarantee, but tunnels and roadways cannot meet this condition for a long time. Automated close-range photography technology can use hand-held cameras or high-precision cameras for shooting. The disadvantage is that the measurement distance is short (only tens of meters), and it cannot be used when there is insufficient light in the tunnel and there is no artificial auxiliary light source when shooting. Observation in the tunnel When it is necessary to add an external light source, and the quality of lighting has a great impact on the measurement accuracy and stability, at the same time, a large number of auxiliary points must be arranged in the tunnel to help the image recognition and positioning after shooting. At present, roadway extensometers can be divided into mechanical type and electronic digital display type according to different precise measurement methods. Generally, force-measuring springs are used to ensure constant tension of the steel ruler and reduce errors. The traditional convergence meter needs to fix the steel ruler on the embedded parts of the two monitoring points. By adjusting the nut, the steel ruler can reach the selected constant tension, and the convergence value can be read by the steel ruler or the digital display. The measurement error is relatively large, so it is necessary to measure the ambient temperature value at the same time, and correct the convergence monitoring results. At the same time, traditional convergent gauges need to interrupt the traffic or production of tunnels and roadways during the measurement process. Therefore, the measurement frequency is limited; the measurement data needs to be processed and analyzed before the roadway deformation data can be obtained. If the post-processing of the data is not timely, there may be delays The best time to strengthen and maintain the support body.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a continuous monitoring device for convergence deformation of underground roadway, which can realize real-time, automatic and continuous measurement with high precision, and the monitoring process will not interfere with the normal operation of the tunnel or roadway.

In order to solve the above problems, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a continuous monitoring device for the convergence deformation of an underground roadway, in which several self-defined cross-sections are set as monitoring surfaces in the underground roadway, and each monitoring surface is provided with a convergence deformation monitoring device. device, the convergence deformation monitoring device transmits the signal to the general control circuit board through the data line, and the total control circuit board is connected to the industrial computer; the structure of the convergence deformation monitoring device is that a displacement sensor is installed on the upper part of the arch feet on both sides of the monitoring surface. There are three fixed points on the same monitoring surface, and the fixed points and the displacement sensing devices are distributed alternately, and each fixed point is respectively equipped with a cable sleeve to connect with the adjacent displacement sensing device.

The internal structure of the displacement sensing device is that a sub-control circuit board is provided in the measurement box, the sub-control circuit board is connected with two pull-wire displacement sensors in the measurement box, and the stay rope and the stay wire sleeve of the stay-wire displacement sensor Tube connection; there is a transformer in the measurement box, and the transformer converts the external power supply to provide power for the sub-control circuit board.

The structure of the guy wire sleeve is that it is composed of an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve coaxially connected, and a positioning seat is provided at the outer end of the outer circumference of the inner sleeve, and the positioning seat is seated on a fixed point. The inner end is connected with the pull rope; the outer end of the outer casing is flexibly connected with the measuring box, an angle sensor is arranged on the outer circumference of the outer casing, and the displacement sensor is connected with the industrial computer through the sub-control circuit board and the main control circuit board in turn.

A method for continuously monitoring the convergence deformation of an underground roadway, comprising the following steps:

1) Displacement sensing devices are arranged on the upper part of the arch feet on both sides of the section to be measured in the underground roadway, and the positions are points B and D;

2) Set fixed points at the vault position in the middle of the two displacement sensing devices and in the middle of the roadway side wall, the positions are A, C and E;

3) Connect one end of the inner sleeve to the fixed point, and connect the other end to the pull rope;

4) Put the pull rope of the pull wire sensor through the outer sleeve and put it on one end of the inner sleeve, and the other end of the outer sleeve is flexibly connected to the measurement box;

5) Fix the angle sensor on the outer sleeve and connect it with the sub-control circuit board;

6) Connect the data line of the convergence deformation monitoring device to the industrial computer through the main control circuit board;

7) The pull wire displacement sensor transmits the detected displacement change of the pull rope to the industrial computer; the angle sensor transmits the data of the angle change of the pull wire casing to the industrial computer, and the industrial computer passes the displacement and angle change of the pull rope, that is The continuous monitoring data of the convergence deformation of the roadway can be calculated.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1) The test process is simple, the industrial computer automatically measures and calculates the displacement of each point, and can be continuously monitored online without manual on-duty, saving labor;

2) The present invention can set the measurement cycle arbitrarily, and automatically measure at regular intervals, which improves the number and frequency of measurements, realizes continuous observation, and reduces the impact of measurement work on mine production;

3) Compared with the traditional convergent meter, the present invention improves the measurement accuracy. The traditional convergent meter has a precision of 0.1mm. The new electronic digital display convergent meter has a maximum precision of 0.06mm, and the present invention has a measurement precision of 0.01mm;

4) Compared with the existing astringent meter, the present invention can automatically calculate the data, and can be connected to the internet network to realize remote operation. If the deformation value exceeds the set warning value, an alarm will be triggered and the measurement result will be fed back to the construction department in time.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous monitoring device for convergence deformation of an underground roadway.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the displacement sensing device.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cable sleeve.

Figure 4 is a graph of the test results of each monitoring point.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a continuous monitoring device for convergence deformation of an underground roadway is provided with several self-defined cross-sections as monitoring surfaces in the underground roadway, and each monitoring surface is provided with a convergence deformation monitoring device 10, a convergence deformation monitoring device 10 Transmit the signal to the general control circuit board 11 through the data line, the general control circuit board 11 is connected with the industrial computer 12, and the industrial computer directly calculates the relative displacement of each point according to the received information, and the warning value can be set. Trigger an alarm, and can be connected to the internet network for remote operation; wherein the convergence deformation monitoring device 10 is structured as follows: two displacement sensing devices 1 are symmetrically arranged on the monitoring surface, and three fixed points 2 are arranged on the same monitoring surface, The fixed points and the displacement sensing devices are distributed alternately, and each fixed point is respectively provided with a cable sleeve 3 to connect with the adjacent displacement sensing device 1 .

As shown in Figure 2, the internal structure of the displacement sensing device 1 is that a sub-control circuit board 22 is arranged in the measurement box 21, and two pull-wire displacement sensors 23 in the sub-control circuit board 22 and the measurement box 21 Connect, supply power to it and read its pulse number to calculate the relative displacement between two points, the stay rope 24 of the stay wire type displacement sensor 23 is connected with the stay wire bushing 3; A transformer 25 is arranged in the measurement box 21, and the transformer 25 converts the external power supply Afterwards, electric energy is provided for the sub-control circuit board 22 .

As shown in Figure 3, the structure of the pull wire sleeve 3 is that it is composed of an outer sleeve 31 and an inner sleeve 32 coaxially connected, relative sliding can occur between the two, and the outer end of the outer circumference of the inner sleeve 32 There is a positioning seat 33 at the top, and the inner casing 32 and the positioning seat 33 can rotate relatively. The positioning seat 33 is seated on the fixed point 2, and the inner end of the inner casing 32 is connected with the stay rope 24; the outer casing 31 The end is movably connected with the measuring box 21, which can realize the rotation of the pull wire sleeve 3. An angle sensor 34 is arranged on the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 31 to measure the angle change of the pull wire sleeve 3. The angle sensor 34 passes through the sub-control circuit board in turn. 22. The main control circuit board 11 is connected to the industrial computer 12, and transmits the angle change data to the industrial computer.

A method for continuously monitoring the convergence deformation of an underground roadway, comprising the following steps:

1) Displacement sensing device 1 is arranged at the upper part of the arch feet on both sides of the section to be measured in the underground roadway, and the positions are points B and D;

2) Set fixed points 2 at the vault position in the middle of the two displacement sensing devices 1 and in the middle of the two sides. The positions are points A, C and E. When measuring, try to make the distances AB, BC, CD, and DE equal , which is convenient for equipment installation. After the installation is completed, measure the angle and distance between two adjacent points, and use it as the initial value for the system to calculate the displacement change of each point;

3) One end of the inner casing 32 is connected to the fixed point 2, and the other end is connected to the pull rope 24;

4) Pass the pull rope 24 of the pull wire sensor 23 through the outer sleeve 31 and set one end of the inner sleeve 32, and the other end of the outer sleeve is flexibly connected to the measurement box 21. Both sleeves are polished to reduce the gap between the two sleeves. The relative friction force;

5) Fix the angle sensor 34 on the outer casing 31, connect it with the sub-control circuit board 22, and transmit the measured angle change to the sub-control circuit board 22 in time;

6) Connect the data line of the convergence deformation monitoring device 10 to the industrial computer 12 through the main control circuit board 11, and transmit the distance change and angle change of each adjacent two points to the industrial computer 12;

7) When the monitoring point is displaced, the inner and outer protective sleeves slide a and b relative to each other, which drives the pull rope 24 to move, and the internal components of the pull-wire displacement sensor 23 operate. At the same time, the angle sensor 34 measures the displacement of two adjacent points As a result of the rotation of the outer sleeve 31, the sub-control circuit board sends the measured data of the detected pull-wire displacement sensor 23 and angle sensor 34 to the industrial computer 12 through the master control circuit board 11, and the industrial computer 12 is displaced by the pull-wire displacement sensor. The continuous monitoring data of the convergent deformation of the roadway can be calculated by combining the initial measurement value with the angle change of the angle sensor and the angle sensor, as shown in Figure 4.

Claims (4)

1. A continuous monitoring device for convergence deformation of an underground roadway, characterized in that: several self-defined cross-sections are set in the underground roadway as monitoring surfaces, each monitoring surface is provided with a convergence deformation monitoring device (10), and the convergence deformation The monitoring device (10) transmits the signal to the general control circuit board (11) through the data line, and the general control circuit board (11) is connected to the industrial computer (12); the structure of the convergence deformation monitoring device (10) is, on the monitoring surface There is a displacement sensing device (1) on the upper part of the arch feet on both sides, and there are three fixed points (2) on the same monitoring surface. The fixed points and the displacement sensing devices are arranged alternately, and each fixed point is equipped with a cable sleeve (3) Connect with the adjacent displacement sensing device (1). 2. The continuous monitoring device for underground roadway convergence deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the internal structure of the displacement sensing device (1) is that a sub-control circuit board ( 22), the sub-control circuit board (22) is connected with the two pull-wire displacement sensors (23) in the measurement box (21), and the pull-wire (24) of the pull-wire displacement sensor (23) is connected with the pull-wire casing (3) ; There is a transformer (25) inside the measurement box (21), and the transformer (25) provides electric energy for the sub-control circuit board (22) after converting the external power supply. 3. The continuous monitoring device for convergence deformation of underground roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that: the structure of the guy wire casing (3) is coaxially connected by the outer casing (31) and the inner casing (32) Composition, the outer end of the outer circumference of the inner casing (32) is provided with a positioning seat (33), the positioning seat (33) is seated on the fixed point (2), and the inner end of the inner casing (32) is connected with the pull Rope (24) is connected; the outer end of the outer casing (31) is flexibly connected with the measuring box (21), and an angle sensor (34) is arranged on the outer circumference of the outer casing (31), and the angle sensor (34) passes through the The control circuit board (22), the total control circuit board (11) are connected with the industrial computer (12). 4. A continuous monitoring method for convergence deformation of underground roadway, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) Displacement sensing devices (1) are arranged on the upper part of the arch feet on both sides of the section to be measured in the underground roadway, and the positions are points B and D; 2) Set fixed points (2) at the vault position in the middle of the two displacement sensing devices (1) and in the middle of the side wall of the roadway, and the positions are points A, C and E; 3) Connect one end of the inner sleeve (32) to the fixed point (2), and connect the other end to the pull rope (24); 4) Put the pull rope (24) of the pull wire sensor (23) through the outer casing (31) and set one end of the inner casing (32), and the other end of the outer casing is flexibly connected to the measuring box (21); 5) Fix the angle sensor (34) on the outer sleeve (31) and connect it with the sub-control circuit board (22); 6) Connect the data line of the convergence deformation monitoring device (10) to the industrial computer (12) through the main control circuit board (11); 7) The pull wire displacement sensor (23) transmits the detected displacement change signal of the pull rope (24) to the industrial computer (12); the angle sensor (34) transmits the angle change data of the pull wire sleeve (3) to the industrial control computer machine (12), the industrial computer can calculate the continuous monitoring data of the convergence deformation of the roadway through the displacement and angle change of the stay rope.