CN104806646A - Rolling bearing supporting device capable of automatically controlling vibration and pretightening force - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rolling bearing supporting device capable of automatically controlling vibration and pretightening force. A plurality of groups of vibration control components are uniformly distributed on a bearing seat and tightly pressed by a sleeve; a ball sleeve is mounted outside the sleeve; the ball sleeve is mounted in a base; a plurality of groups of pretightening force control components which are in contact with spring washers are uniformly distributed on the base; a spring seat is connected with the bearing seat; a bearing is mounted in the bearing seat and is pressed on a rotating shaft by gland nuts; the vibration control components can measure the bearing vibration and output radial displacement, so as to actively control vibration; the pretightening force control components can measure the spring force and adjust the spring force, so as to keep an appropriate pretightening force. The rolling bearing supporting device provided by the invention is compact and simple in structure, can simultaneously and actively control vibration and the pretightening force, and can ensure the precision of rotating machinery and prolong the service life of the rotating machinery.

Description

A rolling bearing support device with active control of vibration and preload

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent rotating machinery and bearing support, in particular to a rolling bearing support device that actively controls vibration and pretightening force.

Background technique

Rolling bearings have been widely used because of their small frictional resistance, standardized size, strong interchangeability, compact structure, high precision, suitable for mass production, frictional temperature rise and low power consumption. However, the modern industry has higher and higher requirements for bearing precision, especially in high-speed rotation conditions, it is very sensitive to the vibration of the bearing-rotor component. The accuracy of the bearing-rotor system directly affects the final output accuracy. To achieve higher accuracy, high-precision bearings, high-precision rotor components, materials with excellent performance, and meticulous assembly are required, all of which increase production and manufacturing. and maintenance costs. For traditional support methods, only magnetic suspension bearings have the characteristics of active control, but the cost is extremely high. The active control of the supporting components can well improve the rotation accuracy of the rotor and ensure that higher requirements can be met. In addition, the heating, life and running accuracy of rolling bearings are closely related to the preload of the bearings. For general high-speed rotating machinery, assembly errors and heat generation are inevitable. Assembly errors and heat generation will cause changes in shaft length, resulting in changes in bearing preload, resulting in shortened bearing life, reduced precision, and even failure to hold the shaft.

Smart material (device) is a complex material system integrating material and structure, intelligent processing, execution system, control system and sensing system. Generally, smart materials (devices) are complex systems composed of basic materials such as piezoelectric materials, magnetostrictive materials, and shape memory alloys, as well as corresponding mechanical structures and control units. Smart materials (devices) are research hotspots at home and abroad, but domestically speaking, there are not many applications of smart materials in the state control of rotating machinery, especially in bearings. CN103825396 introduces an active vibration control device for an electric spindle, which uses a piezoelectric ceramic driver to adjust the bearing stiffness of the electric spindle and the position of the spindle axis, thereby reducing the vibration of the electric spindle. However, the device can only adjust the radial position of the bearing assembly, and cannot ensure that the bearing preload is suitable during operation. More importantly, the device requires another set of detection systems to understand the vibration of the shaft, the position of the shaft center and The working state of the bearing, so as to control the vibration.

It can be seen that it is very difficult to improve the precision and prolong the life of rotating machinery. Not only must considerations be made from the aspects of processing, manufacturing and assembly, but also from the design to consider the use of new materials, active control and detection, and to ensure the good working condition of the bearings, etc. .

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a rolling bearing support device that actively controls vibration and preload, aiming at solving the difficulties in improving the rotation accuracy of rotating machinery, the high cost of active control and detection and the It is difficult to ensure a good working environment for rolling bearings and other issues.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A rolling bearing support device that actively controls vibration and preload, including a base, a ball sleeve, a sleeve, a bearing seat, a vibration control component, a spring washer, a spring, a spring seat, a compression nut, and a preload control component , multiple groups of vibration control components are evenly distributed on the bearing seat, and the vibration control components are pressed by the outer sleeve. The sleeve is equipped with a ball sleeve, and the ball sleeve is installed in the base; on the base Multiple groups of pre-tightening force control components are evenly distributed, and the right end of the pre-tightening force control component is supported by a spring washer. hole, the spring seat is connected with the bearing seat, the bearing is installed in the bearing seat, and is compressed on the rotating shaft by a compression nut.

The vibration control assembly is composed of a piezoelectric ceramic driver and a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and is installed in the vibration control assembly installation groove. The vibration control assembly installation groove is opened on the outer surface of the bearing seat. groove.

The preload control component is composed of a giant magnetostrictive driver or a piezoelectric ceramic driver and a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and is installed on the preload control component mounting slot in the base, and the preload control component mounting slot is provided with a connection External electrical holes.

The ball sleeve is an annular sleeve, and there are multiple sets of ball holes on the ball sleeve, and balls are embedded in the ball holes.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following prominent substantive features and significant advantages:

1. The device of the present invention can detect the vibration of the bearing in multiple directions and the magnitude of the pretightening force of the bearing, and provide sufficient information required for control analysis;

2. The vibration active control part of the device of the present invention can perform complex micro-displacement in the radial two-dimensional plane, thereby realizing the active control of the supporting parts, that is, controlling the vibration magnitude of the rotating shaft, the axis trajectory and indirectly controlling the bearing stiffness;

3. The preload control component of the device of the present invention can eliminate the assembly error and the change of the bearing preload caused by the expansion of the rotor, so as to ensure that the bearing preload is suitable, and ensure the high reliability and longer working life of the bearing;

4. The device of the present invention has a compact and simple structure, which is convenient for manufacturing and maintenance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a three-view view of the bearing seat of the device of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of the base of the device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This specific embodiment uses two rolling bearings for support. It should be noted that the two ends of the supported rotating shaft should be supported by two sets of devices of the present invention or by a set of devices of the present invention and a set of traditional support methods.

As shown in Figure 1, the rotating shaft 6 of this embodiment is supported by two rolling bearings, the left rolling bearing 5 and the right rolling bearing 14 are separated by an outer spacer 11 and an inner spacer 12, and the two rolling bearings are pressed by a compression nut 13. Tightly on the rotating shaft 6, two rolling bearings are contained in the bearing seat 4. In this embodiment, three vibration control component installation grooves 401 are opened on the outer surface of the bearing seat 4, and three sets of vibration control components 7 are installed. The vibration control assembly 7 is pressed by the outer sleeve 3, and the outer sleeve 3 is equipped with a ball sleeve 2. Because the ball sleeve 2 is an annular sleeve, there are many groups of ball holes on the sleeve, and the ball holes are embedded with balls, so the inner sleeve 3, bearing seat 4 and bearing can slide when the length of the rotating shaft 6 changes. The outside of the ball bushing 2 is a base 1 , and for different mechanical devices, the housing of the mechanical device can be directly used as the base 1 . In this embodiment, the base 1 is provided with four preload control component installation slots 102 , and four preload control components 16 are correspondingly installed therein. A spring washer 8 is supported on the right end of the preload control assembly 16, and the initial bearing preload can be adjusted by the amount of the spring washer 8. The spring 9 is installed in the spring seat 10 , and its pretightening force is transmitted to the bearing seat 4 through the spring seat 10 , and then to the two rolling bearings. In this embodiment, the bearing seat 4 and the spring seat 10 are connected by four bolts 15 . Two sets of devices of the present invention can be symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft 6 to support the rotating shaft. If one end of the rotating shaft adopts the device of the present invention and the other end adopts a traditional support method, the pretightening force of the device of the present invention can be transmitted to the traditional support through the rotating shaft 6 The bearing of the mode, thereby carry out constant pressure preload to the bearing of rotating shaft 6 two ends.

1 and 2, the above-mentioned vibration control assembly 7 is composed of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet at the lower part of the piezoelectric ceramic driver, and is installed in the vibration control assembly installation groove 401, and the left side of the vibration control assembly installation groove 401 is provided with an electrical slot connected to the outside 402, wires for placing components. The vibration signal is monitored by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the action signal of the piezoelectric ceramic driver is obtained through certain processing. The piezoelectric ceramic driver exerts a certain force on the bearing seat to generate a small radial displacement, thereby reducing the vibration of the main shaft and making it The spindle runs more smoothly.

1 and 3, the above-mentioned preload control assembly 16 is composed of a piezoelectric ceramic driver and a piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the right in this embodiment, and is installed in the preload control assembly slot 102 in the base 1 Inside, the pre-tightening force control component mounting slot 102 is provided with an external electrical hole 101 for placing the component wires. The pre-tightening force applied by the spring is monitored by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the action signal of the piezoelectric ceramic driver is obtained through certain processing. If the pre-tightening force decreases, the piezoelectric ceramic driver pushes the spring washer to the right, and the spring is compressed to increase the pre-tightening force; if the pre-tightening force increases, the piezoelectric ceramic driver pushes the spring washer to the left, and the spring is compressed to thereby Reduce preload. In this way, it can ensure that the bearing preload is suitable, so as to ensure that the bearing is in good working condition, prolong the life of the bearing, and ensure the reliability of the system.

Claims (4)

1. the rolling bearing bearing device of an ACTIVE CONTROL vibration and pretightening force, comprise pedestal (1), ball jacket (2), sleeve (3), bearing support (4), vibration control assembly (7), compression spring (8), spring (9), spring seat (10), gland nut (13), pretightening force control unit (16), it is characterized in that: upper uniform many groups vibration control assembly (7) of described bearing support (4), described vibration control assembly (7) is compressed by the sleeve (3) of its outside, ball jacket (2) is housed outside sleeve (3), ball jacket (2) is loaded in pedestal (1), upper uniform many groups pretightening force control unit (16) of described pedestal (1), described pretightening force control unit (16) right-hand member is supported with compression spring (8), described spring (9) is installed on the interior also holddown spring pad (8) of spring seat (10), spring seat (10) establishes uniform multiple spring mounting holes, spring seat (10) is connected with bearing support (4), bearing is arranged in bearing support (4), and is pressed in rotating shaft by gland nut (13).

2. the rolling bearing bearing device of ACTIVE CONTROL vibration according to claim 1 and pretightening force, it is characterized in that: described vibration control assembly (7) is made up of piezoelectric ceramic actuator and piezoelectric ceramic, be installed in vibration control assembly mounting groove (401), vibration control assembly mounting groove (401) is opened on bearing support (4) outer surface, and vibration control assembly mounting groove (401) is provided with and connects outside electrical equipment groove (402).

3. the rolling bearing bearing device of ACTIVE CONTROL vibration according to claim 1 and pretightening force, it is characterized in that: described pretightening force control unit (16) is formed for super-magnetostrictive drive or piezoelectric ceramic actuator and piezoelectric ceramic, be installed on the pretightening force control unit mounting groove (102) in pedestal (1), pretightening force control unit mounting groove (102) is provided with and connects outside electrical equipment hole (101).

4. the rolling bearing bearing device of ACTIVE CONTROL vibration according to claim 1 and pretightening force, it is characterized in that: described ball jacket (2) is annulus, ball jacket (2) has and organizes ball hole more, ball hole is embedded with ball.