CN1047974C - 圆形的嵌镶式刀头 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
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- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/12—Side or flank surfaces
- B23B2200/123—Side or flank surfaces curved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
一块固定在铣刀上的嵌镶式刀头,其边界全长的约3/4是圆形的。其余的1/4侧面,包含有两个大体上相互垂直的侧面,在它们之间夹着一个拐角,在两侧面中的一个侧面上、邻近拐角的地方,有一部分形成了平行刀背,这部分是倾斜的,从而与上述该两侧面均成钝角。藉助于这样一种圆形结构,就能对平行刀背角作准确的调整,而不必改变嵌镶式刀头预先设定好的压紧力。
Description
本发明涉及到一种拟装在可旋转的铣刀刀架上的、一个夹具中的嵌镶式刀头,刀头周界面的大部分是圆柱形的。
铣床上装嵌镶式刀头的夹具通常是沿周界的包络面置放的。由铣刀刀架拥有的嵌镶式刀头数目的多少,铣床可分为铣刀间距特密型、紧密型或稀疏型三种。对于,例如在发动机制造业中,常遇的面-方形轴肩的铣削加工,要求对多个切削刃作极精确的定位,既是绝对位置,也是相对于其它切削刃的相对位置意义上的精确定位。因而两切削刃之间的轴向高度差不应超过几个微米,才能实现要求的表面光洁度。
在编号为9301399-3的瑞典专利申请书中,介绍了一种结构,它能使一把铣刀中的诸切削刃之间的轴向与径向位置定位得很准确,因而本说明书中也包含着该申请。按照该申请,一把主要用于加工铝的铣刀是这样构成的,在其外壳的表面上铣削着若干条沟槽,槽中安装着嵌镶式刀头的夹具及定位板。在这些夹具及定位板上,有锯齿形的表面,以供相互独立地作径向及轴向精密调整之用。
除了能作轴向及径向调整之用外,还有所谓的平行刀棱面角也必须能作精细的调整,因为该角对加工后的表面光洁度至关重要。平行刀棱面角定义为此平行刀棱面的切削刃与它加工出来的表面之间的夹角。为了能对此角作调整,在先有技术中,此嵌镶式刀具须装在一个所谓的摇架中,而摇架也能转动,直到把平行刀棱面角调到需要的值时为止(例如可参DE-C-3140905)。但这种结构因含有不少分立的零件,既结构复杂,使用也不方便。尤其是,在对嵌镶式刀头作轴向精细调整时还会遇到困难,这是因为还出现了进一步的边界线,即摇架与夹具之间的线。还有,这种结构也招来了不稳定性,这是因为为了有可能精细地调整嵌镶式刀头,那些分立的零件是一个固定到另一个上去的,因而测量公差是累加起来的。
因而本发明的一个目的是希冀对每个嵌镶式刀头的平行刀棱面角能作快速而又准确的精密调整。
本发明的另一目的是使为调整平行刀棱面角所需的分立零件的个数尽可能降至最少。
本发明的再一个目的是使嵌镶式刀具能够在其嵌镶的凹坑内稍微活动而不致于改变预先已调好的夹紧力,这对于刀具在坑内可靠而稳定的定位是至关重要的。
本发明提供了一种铣刀嵌镶式刀头,包括一上切削面,一与所述上切削面相对设置的底面,和在所述上切削面和底面之间延伸的侧表面,所述侧表面包括:一圆弧形的第一部分,其相对垂直于所述上表面延伸的刀头中轴有相等半径,所述第一部分延伸到所述刀头圆周的大约3/4,从所述第一部分的相应端部延伸的第二和第三部分,它们以大约90°角相对地汇聚,一设置于所述第二和第三部分之间的第四部分,其相对于所述第二和第三部分的每一个为钝角,所述第二和第四部分与上切削面相交,分别与之形成主和副切削刃。
本发明还提供了一种包括夹具和装在夹具上的嵌镶式刀头的装置,所述夹具上形成一凹部,有一底支承面,和一从所述底支承面延伸的侧支承面,和一转动调节元件,其有一与所述凹部相关联的驱动部分,嵌镶式刀头包括一上切削面,一与所述上切削面相对设置的底面,和在所述上切削面和底面之间延伸的侧表面,所述底面由所述底部支承面所支承,所述侧表面包括:一圆弧形的第一部分,其相对垂直于所述上表面延伸的刀头中轴有相等的半径,所述第一部分延伸到所述刀头圆周的大约3/4,并与所述侧支承面接合,所述第一部分包括一与所述驱动部分相啮合的从动部分,从而所述调节元件的转动使所述刀头绕所述中轴转动,所述刀头的侧表面还包括从所述第一部分的相应端部延伸的第二和第三部分,它们以大约90°角相对地汇聚,和一设置于所述第二和第三部分之间的第四部分,其相对于所述第二和第三部分的每一个为钝角,所述第二和第四部分与上切削面相交,分别与之形成主和副切削刃。
为了能示意地说明,但并非限制的目的,现结合表示一优先实施例的诸附图,对本发明作进一步的阐述。
图1表示的是按本发明而设计的一把嵌镶式刀头的、从斜上方看过去的透视图。
图2表示了按本发明而设计的一个优先实施例的从斜上方看过去的透视图。
图3表示的是如何将图2中的嵌镶式刀头固定到夹具中去。
图4表示了按本发明而设计的另一个优先实施例,从斜上方看过去的透视图。
图5表示的是如何将图4中的嵌镶式刀头固定到夹具中去。
图1概括地表示了按本发明的设计的一个嵌镶式刀头。它可由碳化物或任何其它高硬度的材料(例如各种陶瓷)粘接而成。它还可以在其专司切削的那个角落上,嵌上一块镶嵌物或一块所谓的薄片,此镶嵌物(或片)是由特别硬的材料,诸如多晶型的人造金刚石或立方镗孔氮化物(cubic bore nitride),所制成。倘若切削片是由碳化物粘接而成,它可以是无涂膜的,也可以是有涂膜的,例如有一层或几层碳化钛与/或氮化钛,或一层多晶型人造金刚石。还有,一块由碳化物(硬质合金)粘接而成的切削片可以是经研磨加工而成的,也可以是直接压制成最后所需的形状。其截断尺寸(IC-measure)通常为10-15mm,而其厚度约为3.5-6mm之间。
此嵌镶式刀头有一上切削面1、和一个与上切削面1大体上平行的底面,此底面(在嵌入夹具后)就倚靠在嵌镶用凹坑的下方支承面上(参见图3及图5),此外,此刀头还拥有若干个位于切削表面与底面之间的侧表面。约有
的侧表面系由基本上是圆柱形表面3所组成,它大体上与上切削面1及底面都是垂直的。剩下的
的侧表面、基本上由相互大体上垂直的表面4与表面5组成。表面4是主切削刃10下面的清屑面,因而切削面1与清屑面4之间的夹角宜在70°与90°之间,最好在75°-85°之间。面5与切削面1的夹角也宜于落在该范围内。
嵌镶式刀头在面4与面5之间的侧表面上,有一平面形刀棱面6,刀棱面上有一相应的副切削刃11。该副切削刃11的切削刃角,也在上述的角度范围内。此副切削刃与工件上加工成的面之间所夹的角度就构成了平行刀棱面角,准确地调整这个角度,正是本发明的一个主要目的。在平面形刀棱面6与清屑面4之间,有一个加强斜面7,用以加强受到较大应力作用的切削拐角,从而也就附带产生了一个较小的副切削刃2。后者的切削刃角宜界于65°到90°之间,最好在70°到80°之间。表面5与6之间的夹角宜在176°到179.5°之间。构成平行刀棱面6的侧表面部分占该侧面5原始长度20%到40%之间。
在嵌镶式刀头的中心,开有一个通孔,供插入一个适当的锁紧螺丝之用。此孔的上部8,大体上钻成圆柱形,而孔的其余部份由一圆拱面9向下呈锥形。
图2所示的嵌镶式刀头与图1的一样,唯一的不同处是在它的曲线形侧表面3上有一个凹陷处13。此凹陷处13不必贯通于刀头的整个厚度上,只要在刀头的一部分(例如
到
)厚度上加工出一个凹陷就可以了。如图3所示,将一个其上带有一调节凸缘15的调节销钉14装入夹具内,并使凸缘15硬挤入该凹陷处13,在将锁紧螺丝16略为拧松些之后,如用螺丝刀转动调节销钉,就会使嵌镶式刀头也随之发生转动,从而也就调节了平行刀棱面角。在准确定位后、铣刀转动之前,可以把调节用销钉取出。另一个替代办法是将铣工用工具的突出部分做成调节销钉14的形状。
在图4与图5中表示了另一个实施例,用以微调平行刀棱面角。图4所示的嵌镶式刀头与图1的一样,不同处仅在于在其曲线形侧表面3上、加工着一道分开的槽17。约在此槽延长部分的中点处,有一驱动部分18,它设计得力图硬挤入一个调节用螺丝20的圆形细腰的部位19,因而,在略为拧松锁紧螺丝16之后,转动调节螺丝20、就能使嵌镶式刀头绕其中心轴微微转动,从而能对平行刀棱面角作细微的调整。这种调整可以用光学的方法或用所谓的千分尺来监测。
嵌镶刀头用的凹坑最好拥有两个侧面支承区21A,21B,在这两个区的下部、与底部支承面相接壤的地方、倒着内圆角。这两个侧面支承区的曲率与嵌镶式刀头侧表面3的曲率基本相同,它们对刀头而言,起了一个支撑岸墩的作用。当嵌镶式刀头紧靠在支承区21A,21B上时,刀头上孔的中心轴离该两支承区的距离应制作得略大于夹具上孔22的中心轴离该两支承区的距离。按本发明来设计,此距离(或日这一偏心距)可由下述事实来保持其为常数,即本嵌镶式刀头是将其圆柱形侧表面3紧靠在两个侧面支承区(21A与21B)上。当把嵌镶式刀头的这些支承面压入嵌镶用凹坑、并确保刀头定位准确而稳定时,上述偏心度对于优良性能的获得是至关重要的。藉助于上述偏心度,当把锁紧螺丝16拧紧时,就能在该嵌镶式刀头与该侧面支承区之间产生一个稳定不变的压紧压力。
藉助于上面介绍的那种结构,就能优化平行刀棱面角以在材料(例如铝)铣出极光滑的表面。
Claims (7)
1.一种铣刀嵌镶式刀头,包括一上切削面,一与所述上切削面相对设置的底面,和在所述上切削面和底面之间延伸的侧表面,其特征在于:所述侧表面包括:
一圆弧形的第一部分,其相对垂直于所述上表面延伸的刀头中轴有相等的半径,所述第一部分延伸到所述刀头圆周的大约3/4,
从所述第一部分的相应端部延伸的第二和第三部分,它们以大约90°角相对地汇聚,
一设置于所述第二和第三部分之间的第四部分,其相对于所述第二和第三部分的每一个为钝角,
所述第二和第四部分与上切削面相交,分别与之形成主和副切削刃。
2.如权利要求1所述的嵌镶式刀头,其特征在于:所述侧表面包括一第五部分,其设置在所述第四部分和第二和第三部分中另一个之间,并与所述第四部分和第二和第三部分中另一个形成钝角。
3.如权利要求1所述的嵌镶式刀头,其特征在于:所述第四部分从所述第二部分的一端延伸,所述第四部分与所述上切削面相交而形成一边缘,该边缘的长度为所述第二部分与上切削面相交形成的边缘长度的20-40%。
4.如权利要求1所述的嵌镶式刀头,其特征在于:所述第二、第三和第四部分是平面的。
5.如权利要求1所述的嵌镶式刀头,其特征在于:所述第一部分包括一在其上形成的凹部。
6.一种包括夹具和装在夹具上的嵌镶式刀头的装置,其特征在于:所述夹具上形成一凹部,有一底支承面,和一从所述底支承面延伸的侧支承面,和一转动调节元件,其有一与所述凹部相关联的驱动部分,嵌镶式刀头包括一上切削面,一与所述上切削面相对设置的底面,和在所述上切削面和底面之间延伸的侧表面,所述底面由所述底部支承面所支承,所述侧表面包括:一圆弧形的第一部分,其相对垂直于所述上表面延伸的刀头中轴有相等的半径,所述第一部分延伸到所述刀头圆周的大约3/4,并与所述侧支承面接合,所述第一部分包括一与所述驱动部分相啮合的从动部分,从而所述调节元件的转动使所述刀头绕所述中轴转动,所述刀头的侧表面还包括从所述第一部分的相应端部延伸的第二和第三部分,它们以大约90°角相对地汇聚,和一设置于所述第二和第三部分之间的第四部分,其相对于所述第二和第三部分的每一个为钝角,所述第二和第四部分与上切削面相交,分别与之形成主和副切削刃。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于:所述侧表面包括一第五部分,其设置在所述第四部分和第二和第三部分中另一个之间,并与所述第四部分和第二和第三部分中另一个形成钝角。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9301790-3 | 1993-05-26 | ||
SE9301790A SE508387C2 (sv) | 1993-05-26 | 1993-05-26 | Rundskär |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1110052A CN1110052A (zh) | 1995-10-11 |
CN1047974C true CN1047974C (zh) | 2000-01-05 |
Family
ID=20390054
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN94190317A Expired - Fee Related CN1047974C (zh) | 1993-05-26 | 1994-05-25 | 圆形的嵌镶式刀头 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5536119A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0734301B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH07509412A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100292969B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1047974C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2139860A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69412133T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2120048T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL173431B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2114721C1 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE508387C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1994027774A1 (zh) |
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US7722297B2 (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2010-05-25 | Tdy Industries, Inc. | Antirotation tool holder and cutting insert |
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US7220083B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2007-05-22 | Tdy Industries, Inc. | Cutting insert for high feed face milling |
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DE102006025293C5 (de) * | 2006-05-31 | 2010-12-23 | Kennametal Inc. | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Rades |
US7410331B2 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-08-12 | Seco Tools Ab | Tool |
US7431541B2 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-10-07 | Hsin-Tien Chang | Disposable cutting insert for boring cutter |
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US9446450B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2016-09-20 | Kyocera Corporation | Cutting insert, cutting tool, and method for manufacturing cut workpiece using same |
EP2596887B1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2019-01-23 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Cutting tool comprising an exchangeable insert seat member |
US20130330136A1 (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-12 | Iscar, Ltd. | Cutting Insert and Tool Having an Anti-Slip Arrangement |
EP2881202B1 (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2024-10-30 | Tungaloy Corporation | Cutting edge adjustment device |
US9283626B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2016-03-15 | Kennametal Inc. | Double-sided cutting inserts with anti-rotation features |
US9011049B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2015-04-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Double-sided cutting inserts with anti-rotation features |
DE102013114124A1 (de) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-18 | Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schneideinsatz zum Profildrehen sowie Kassette zur Aufnahme eines Schneideinsatzes |
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US9700947B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2017-07-11 | Kennametal Inc. | Ballnose cutting tool and ballnose cutting insert |
CN107538020B (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-07-10 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | 一种具有准确定位结构的圆形切削刀片及切削刀具 |
CN109434173A (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-08 | 安徽华菱汽车有限公司 | 一种铣刀及铣刀调节组件 |
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1993
- 1993-05-26 SE SE9301790A patent/SE508387C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-05-25 US US08/248,712 patent/US5536119A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-25 DE DE69412133T patent/DE69412133T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-25 CA CA002139860A patent/CA2139860A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-05-25 CN CN94190317A patent/CN1047974C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-25 JP JP7500540A patent/JPH07509412A/ja active Pending
- 1994-05-25 RU RU95106498A patent/RU2114721C1/ru active
- 1994-05-25 KR KR1019950700296A patent/KR100292969B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-25 ES ES94917238T patent/ES2120048T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-25 WO PCT/SE1994/000487 patent/WO1994027774A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-05-25 EP EP94917238A patent/EP0734301B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-25 PL PL94307235A patent/PL173431B1/pl unknown
Patent Citations (1)
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US5123787A (en) * | 1991-02-25 | 1992-06-23 | Gte Valenite Corporation | Machining tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69412133T2 (de) | 1998-12-03 |
ES2120048T3 (es) | 1998-10-16 |
JPH07509412A (ja) | 1995-10-19 |
DE69412133D1 (de) | 1998-09-03 |
KR950702462A (ko) | 1995-07-29 |
US5536119A (en) | 1996-07-16 |
SE9301790L (sv) | 1994-11-27 |
CA2139860A1 (en) | 1994-12-08 |
PL173431B1 (pl) | 1998-03-31 |
RU2114721C1 (ru) | 1998-07-10 |
CN1110052A (zh) | 1995-10-11 |
KR100292969B1 (ko) | 2001-09-17 |
SE508387C2 (sv) | 1998-10-05 |
EP0734301A1 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
PL307235A1 (en) | 1995-05-15 |
EP0734301B1 (en) | 1998-07-29 |
SE9301790D0 (sv) | 1993-05-26 |
RU95106498A (ru) | 1996-12-10 |
WO1994027774A1 (en) | 1994-12-08 |
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