CN104769141B - Aluminium alloy foil - Google Patents
Aluminium alloy foil Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
一种铝合金箔,其化学成分由按质量%来计含有Si:0.1%以上0.6%以下、Fe:0.2%以上1.0%以下,剩余部分为Al以及不可避免的杂质形成;箔厚度为20μm以下;在将邻接的晶体取向测量点之间的取向差为5°±0.2°的边界规定为晶界的情况下,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比为40%以上;抗拉强度为210MPa以上;在液氮中测量的比电阻为0.45μΩ·cm以上0.7μΩ·cm以下。
An aluminum alloy foil, the chemical composition of which contains, by mass %, Si: 0.1% to 0.6%, Fe: 0.2% to 1.0%, the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities; the thickness of the foil is 20 μm or less ; In the case where the boundary between adjacent crystal orientation measurement points is 5°±0.2° defined as the grain boundary, the area ratio of the subgrain with a grain size of 2 μm or less is 40% or more; tensile strength It is above 210MPa; the specific resistance measured in liquid nitrogen is above 0.45μΩ·cm and below 0.7μΩ·cm.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种铝合金箔。The invention relates to an aluminum alloy foil.
背景技术Background technique
以往,铝合金箔被使用在各种领域中。近年来,从薄且具有导电性等观点出发,铝合金箔被作为例如锂离子电池等二次电池或双电层电容器等集电体等来使用。具体来说,在锂离子电池的情况下,如专利文献1、专利文献2所公开的那样,通过在作为集电体的铝合金箔的一个面上涂覆包含正极活性物质以及粘合剂的层,使其干燥后,进行用于提高正极活性物质的密度和与箔的贴合性的轧制,从而制造正极。Conventionally, aluminum alloy foils have been used in various fields. In recent years, aluminum alloy foils have been used as, for example, secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries and current collectors such as electric double-layer capacitors from the viewpoint of being thin and having conductivity. Specifically, in the case of a lithium ion battery, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, one surface of an aluminum alloy foil serving as a current collector is coated with a positive electrode active material and a binder. layer, dried, and rolled to increase the density of the positive electrode active material and the adhesion to the foil, thereby manufacturing the positive electrode.
作为上述铝合金箔,例如在专利文献3中公开了这样一种锂离子电池用的铝合金箔:其由含有Si:0.01~0.60质量%、Fe:0.2~1.0质量%、Cu:0.05~0.50质量%、Mn:0.5~1.5质量%,剩余部分为Al以及不可避免的杂质来形成,其抗拉强度为240MPa以上,n值为0.1以上。As the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil, for example, Patent Document 3 discloses an aluminum alloy foil for lithium ion batteries that contains Si: 0.01-0.60% by mass, Fe: 0.2-1.0% by mass, Cu: 0.05-0.50 % by mass, Mn: 0.5 to 1.5% by mass, the remainder is formed of Al and unavoidable impurities, the tensile strength is 240 MPa or more, and the n value is 0.1 or more.
另外,在专利文献4中,虽然所公开的不是锂离子电池用的铝合金箔,但是公开了这样一种多孔加工用的铝合金箔:其由含有Si:0.05~0.30质量%、Fe:0.15~0.60质量%、Cu:0.01~0.20质量%,剩余部分为Al以及不可避免的杂质来形成,其抗拉强度为186~212N/mm2左右,箔厚度为30μm~100μm左右。In addition, in Patent Document 4, although it does not disclose an aluminum alloy foil for lithium ion batteries, it discloses an aluminum alloy foil for porous processing that contains Si: 0.05 to 0.30% by mass, Fe: 0.15 ~0.60% by mass, Cu: 0.01~0.20% by mass, the remainder is formed of Al and unavoidable impurities, the tensile strength is about 186~212N/mm 2 , and the foil thickness is about 30μm~100μm.
现有技术文献prior art literature
专利文献patent documents
专利文献1:日本特开2007-234277号公报Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-234277
专利文献2:日本特开平11-67220号公报Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-67220
专利文献3:日本特开2011-26656号公报Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-26656
专利文献4:日本特开2006-283114号公报Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-283114
发明内容Contents of the invention
但是,以往的铝合金箔在以下方面存在问题。即,如上所述,在制造电池电极等使用箔的部件时,由于轧制等铝合金箔会受到压缩力。因此,铝合金箔需要具有足够的强度,以便相对于这样的压缩力不会发生不必要的变形或破损。近年来,要求箔进一步薄壁化,为了应对这个问题,期望进一步提高强度。However, conventional aluminum alloy foils have problems in the following points. That is, as described above, when manufacturing parts using foil such as battery electrodes, the aluminum alloy foil receives compressive force due to rolling or the like. Therefore, the aluminum alloy foil needs to have sufficient strength so that unnecessary deformation or breakage does not occur against such a compressive force. In recent years, foil has been required to be thinner, and in order to cope with this problem, further improvement in strength is desired.
作为用于实现箔的高强度化的代表性的方法,存在调整铝合金成分的方法。但是,仅单纯调整合金成分的话,由于添加了Al以外的合金成分,会使箔的比电阻变大,导电性降低。这样,以往的铝合金箔存在这样的问题:难以实现即不会较大地损失导电性,又能够进一步提高强度。As a typical method for achieving high strength of foil, there is a method of adjusting the composition of the aluminum alloy. However, simply adjusting the alloy components will increase the specific resistance of the foil and lower the conductivity due to the addition of alloy components other than Al. As described above, conventional aluminum alloy foils have a problem that it is difficult to achieve further improvement in strength without greatly losing electrical conductivity.
本发明鉴于上述背景,提供一种铝合金箔,该铝合金箔能够实现即不会较大地损失导电性,又能够进一步提高强度。In view of the above background, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy foil capable of further improving strength without greatly losing electrical conductivity.
本发明的一个实施方式的铝合金箔,其特征在于,该铝合金箔的化学成分由按质量%来计含有Si:0.1%以上0.6%以下、Fe:0.2%以上1.0%以下,剩余部分为Al以及不可避免的杂质来形成;箔厚度为20μm以下;在将邻接的晶体取向测量点之间的取向差为5°±0.2°的边界规定为晶界的情况下,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比为40%以上;抗拉强度为210MPa以上;在液氮中测量的比电阻为0.45μΩ·cm以上0.7μΩ·cm以下。An aluminum alloy foil according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy foil contains Si: 0.1% to 0.6%, Fe: 0.2% to 1.0%, and the remainder is Al and unavoidable impurities are formed; the thickness of the foil is 20 μm or less; the grain size is 2 μm or less when the boundary where the orientation difference between adjacent crystal orientation measurement points is 5°±0.2° is defined as a grain boundary The area ratio of the subcrystals is more than 40%; the tensile strength is more than 210MPa; the specific resistance measured in liquid nitrogen is more than 0.45μΩ·cm and less than 0.7μΩ·cm.
由于上述铝合金箔具有上述特定的特征,因此能够实现即不会较大地损失导电性,又能够进一步提高强度。由于上述铝合金箔通过进一步提高强度能够发挥出足够的强度,因此例如即使在制造电池电极等使用箔的部件时通过轧制等来施加压缩力的情况下,也可抑制不必要的塑性变形,还容易实现箔的薄壁化。而且,上述铝合金箔,即使提高其强度也不会较大地损失导电性,能够确保良好的导电性。因此,若将上述铝合金箔例如作为锂离子电池等二次电池中的电极的集电体来使用,可有助于电池的高密度化、高能量化。Since the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil has the above-mentioned specific characteristics, it is possible to further increase the strength without greatly losing electrical conductivity. Since the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil can exert sufficient strength by further increasing the strength, unnecessary plastic deformation can be suppressed even when a compressive force is applied by rolling or the like when manufacturing parts using foil such as battery electrodes, It is also easy to realize thinning of the foil. Furthermore, the aluminum alloy foil described above can secure good electrical conductivity without greatly losing electrical conductivity even if its strength is increased. Therefore, if the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil is used, for example, as a current collector of an electrode in a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, it can contribute to higher density and higher energy of the battery.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是对于实施例1中的试验材料E11,通过SEM/EBSD法测量的晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比的结果的示意图。1 is a graph showing the results of measuring the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less by the SEM/EBSD method for the test material E11 in Example 1. FIG.
图2是对于实施例1中的试验材料C1,通过SEM/EBSD法测量的晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比的结果的示意图。2 is a graph showing the results of measuring the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less by the SEM/EBSD method for the test material C1 in Example 1. FIG.
具体实施方式detailed description
上述铝合金箔中的特定的化学成分(单位为质量%,在以下的对化学成分的说明中仅省略为“%”)的意义以及限定理由如下文所述。The meaning and reason of the limitation of the specific chemical component in the said aluminum alloy foil (the unit is mass %, and only abbreviate|omits as "%" in the following description of a chemical component) are as follows.
Si:0.1%以上0.6%以下Si: 0.1% to 0.6%
Si是用于实现提高箔强度的必要元素。在制造箔时,若铝合金的温度超过350℃,则固溶的Si以及Fe会作为Al-Fe-Si系化合物析出,由此,会降低冷轧制时的加工硬化性,容易降低箔强度。因此,优选地,在制造箔时不进行高温下的均匀化处理,而在350℃以下的条件下进行热轧制,但是为了在该条件下提高箔强度,降低箔的比电阻并确保导电性,有必要使Si含量为0.1%以上0.6%以下。若Si含量不足0.1%,虽然会降低箔的比电阻,但是不会提高箔的强度。若Si含量超过0.6%,则难以进一步提高箔强度,并且会形成粗大的Si单相粒子,在箔厚度为20μm以下时容易发生针孔、箔开裂的问题。Si含量可优选为0.12%以上。Si含量可优选为0.4%以下。Si is an essential element for achieving improved foil strength. When producing foil, if the temperature of the aluminum alloy exceeds 350°C, solid-solution Si and Fe will precipitate as Al-Fe-Si-based compounds, thereby reducing the work hardenability during cold rolling and easily reducing the strength of the foil. . Therefore, it is preferable not to perform homogenization treatment at high temperature when manufacturing foil, but to perform hot rolling under the condition of 350°C or less, but in order to increase the strength of the foil under this condition, reduce the specific resistance of the foil and ensure electrical conductivity , it is necessary to set the Si content to 0.1% to 0.6%. If the Si content is less than 0.1%, the specific resistance of the foil will be lowered, but the strength of the foil will not be improved. If the Si content exceeds 0.6%, it will be difficult to further increase the strength of the foil, and coarse Si single-phase particles will be formed, and pinholes and foil cracks will easily occur when the foil thickness is 20 μm or less. The Si content may preferably be 0.12% or more. The Si content may preferably be 0.4% or less.
Fe:0.2%以上1.0%以下Fe: 0.2% to 1.0%
Fe是次于Si的用于实现提高箔强度的必要元素。在制造箔时,若铝合金的温度超过350℃,则固溶的Si以及Fe会作为Al-Fe-Si系化合物析出,会降低冷轧制时的加工硬化性,容易降低箔强度。因此,优选地,在制造箔时不进行超过350℃的高温下的均匀化处理,而在350℃以下的条件下进行热轧制,但是为了在该条件下提高箔强度,降低箔的比电阻并确保导电性,有必要使Fe含量为0.2%以上1.0%以下。若Fe含量不足0.2%,虽然会降低箔的比电阻,但是不会提高箔的强度。若Fe含量超过1.0%,则难以进一步提高箔强度,并且在铸造时会形成粗大的Al-Fe系结晶物。如上所述,在不对铝合金铸块以超过350℃的高温进行均匀化处理的情况下,铸造时形成的Al-Fe系结晶物会保持粗大的状态残留到最终的箔厚度中。因此,在箔厚度为20μm以下时容易发生针孔、箔开裂的问题。而且,超出必要地添加Fe还会成为制造成本增加的原因。Fe含量可优选为0.30%以上。Fe含量可优选为0.80%以下。Fe is an essential element next to Si for achieving improved foil strength. When the temperature of the aluminum alloy exceeds 350° C. during foil production, solid-solution Si and Fe are precipitated as Al—Fe—Si compounds, which reduces work hardening during cold rolling and tends to lower the strength of the foil. Therefore, it is preferable not to perform homogenization treatment at a high temperature exceeding 350°C when manufacturing the foil, but to perform hot rolling under the condition of 350°C or lower, but in order to increase the strength of the foil under this condition and reduce the specific resistance of the foil And to ensure electrical conductivity, it is necessary to make the Fe content 0.2% or more and 1.0% or less. If the Fe content is less than 0.2%, the specific resistance of the foil will be lowered, but the strength of the foil will not be improved. If the Fe content exceeds 1.0%, it will be difficult to further improve the foil strength, and coarse Al-Fe-based crystals will be formed during casting. As mentioned above, unless the aluminum alloy ingot is homogenized at a high temperature exceeding 350°C, the Al-Fe-based crystals formed during casting remain in a coarse state and remain in the final foil thickness. Therefore, when the foil thickness is 20 μm or less, problems of pinholes and foil cracks tend to occur. Furthermore, adding Fe more than necessary will cause an increase in manufacturing cost. The Fe content may preferably be 0.30% or more. The Fe content may preferably be 0.80% or less.
上述化学成分,按质量%,可以进一步含有Cu:0.01%以上0.25%以下。这种情况下的意义以及限定理由如下文所述。The above-mentioned chemical components may further contain Cu: not less than 0.01% and not more than 0.25% by mass%. The meaning in this case and the reason for the limitation are as follows.
Cu:0.01%以上0.25%以下Cu: 0.01% to 0.25%
Cu是有助于提高箔强度的元素。为了得到该效果,优选地使Cu含量为0.01%以上。另外,也可以含有不足0.01%的Cu作为不可避免的杂质。另一方面,若Cu含量过大,虽然会增大箔的强度,但是也会增大比电阻。因此,优选地使Cu含量为0.25%以下。Cu含量可优选为0.02%以上。Cu含量可优选为0.18%以下。Cu is an element that contributes to improving foil strength. In order to obtain this effect, the Cu content is preferably 0.01% or more. In addition, less than 0.01% of Cu may be contained as an unavoidable impurity. On the other hand, if the Cu content is too large, the strength of the foil will be increased, but the specific resistance will also be increased. Therefore, the Cu content is preferably 0.25% or less. The Cu content may preferably be 0.02% or more. The Cu content may preferably be 0.18% or less.
在上述化学成分中,作为不可避免的杂质,可以含有Mn、Mg、Cr、Zn、Ni、Ga、V、Ti等元素。但是,若过量地含有Mn、Mg,则有可能会增大箔的比电阻,并降低导电率。因此,优选地使Mn含量为0.01%以下,Mg含量为0.01%以下。由于Cr、Zn、Ni、Ga、V、Ti等其他元素是比较不利于增大比电阻的元素,因此优选地使各元素的含量分别为0.05%以下。另外,若全部的不可避免的杂质的总含量为0.15%以下,由于不会实质性地影响箔强度的提高或导电性,因此是可以容许的。Among the above chemical components, elements such as Mn, Mg, Cr, Zn, Ni, Ga, V, Ti, etc. may be contained as unavoidable impurities. However, when Mn and Mg are contained excessively, the specific resistance of the foil may increase and the electrical conductivity may decrease. Therefore, the Mn content is preferably 0.01% or less, and the Mg content is preferably 0.01% or less. Since other elements such as Cr, Zn, Ni, Ga, V, and Ti are relatively unfavorable elements for increasing the specific resistance, the content of each element is preferably 0.05% or less. In addition, if the total content of all unavoidable impurities is 0.15% or less, it is acceptable because it does not substantially affect improvement in foil strength or conductivity.
在上述铝合金箔中,箔厚度为20μm以下。若箔厚度超过20μm,则不能应对近年来经常要求的箔的薄壁化(箔厚度标准尺寸降低(gauge down))。上述铝合金箔由于其箔厚度为20μm以下,因此特别适于例如对箔的薄壁化要求较高的电池电极的集电体用途。从薄壁化、可有利于电池等小型化等观点出发,上述铝合金箔的箔厚度可优选为不足20μm,更优选为19μm以下,进一步优选为18μm以下,更进一步优选为17μm以下。另一方面,例如从在制造电池时等制造使用箔的部件时的易于操作性等观点出发,箔厚度可优选为8μm以上,更优选为9μm以上,进一步优选为10μm以上。In the aluminum alloy foil described above, the foil thickness is 20 μm or less. If the foil thickness exceeds 20 μm, it cannot cope with thinning of the foil (foil thickness gauge down (gauge down)) which has been frequently demanded in recent years. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil is particularly suitable for use as a current collector of a battery electrode, for example, where a high thickness reduction of the foil is required, since the foil thickness thereof is 20 μm or less. From the standpoint of thinning the wall and contributing to the miniaturization of batteries, etc., the foil thickness of the aluminum alloy foil is preferably less than 20 μm, more preferably 19 μm or less, further preferably 18 μm or less, and still more preferably 17 μm or less. On the other hand, the thickness of the foil is preferably 8 μm or more, more preferably 9 μm or more, and even more preferably 10 μm or more, from the viewpoint of ease of handling, for example, in the production of components using foil, such as when manufacturing batteries.
在上述铝合金箔中,在将邻接的晶体取向测量点之间的取向差为5°±0.2°的边界规定为晶界的情况下,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比为40%以上。具体来说,通过使用扫描电子显微镜/电子背散射衍射(Electron Back Scatter Diffraction)法(SEM/EBSD法),以0.1μm的步长(晶体取向测量点之间的距离)对箔表面的900μm2的区域进行分析,将邻接的晶体取向测量点之间的取向差为5°±0.2°的边界看作是晶界,计算出在上述测量区域的面积中晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积所占的比例(%),从而可求出上述亚晶的面积比。In the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil, when the boundary between adjacent crystal orientation measurement points is defined as a grain boundary where the orientation difference is 5° ± 0.2°, the area ratio of the subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less is 40 %above. Specifically, by using a scanning electron microscope/electron backscatter diffraction (Electron Back Scatter Diffraction) method (SEM/EBSD method), a 900 μm 2 The area of the crystal orientation is analyzed, and the boundary between the adjacent crystal orientation measurement points is 5 ° ± 0.2 ° as the grain boundary, and the subgrain with a grain size of 2 μm or less in the area of the above measurement area is calculated. The proportion (%) of the area, so that the area ratio of the above-mentioned sub-grains can be obtained.
若上述亚晶的面积比不足40%,则会降低箔的抗拉强度,并降低箔的强度。从进一步提高强度的观点出发,上述亚晶的面积比可优选为45%以上,更优选为50%以上,进一步优选为55%以上。另外,虽然上述亚晶的面积比的值越高越好,理想地可以是100%,但是从实际制造上的观点出发,其上限可以为80%以下。If the area ratio of the subgrains is less than 40%, the tensile strength of the foil will decrease, and the strength of the foil will decrease. From the viewpoint of further improving the strength, the area ratio of the subgrains may be preferably 45% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and still more preferably 55% or more. In addition, the higher the value of the area ratio of the subgrains, the better, and ideally 100%, but from the viewpoint of actual production, the upper limit may be 80% or less.
在上述铝合金箔中,其抗拉强度为210MPa以上。在抗拉强度不足210MPa时,则不能说是实现了强度的进一步的提高。而且,在抗拉强度不足210MPa时,例如在进行薄壁化时,通过轧制等对箔施加压缩力时容易产生不必要的塑性变形。上述抗拉强度可优选为213MPa以上,更优选为215MPa以上,进一步优选为220MPa以上。另外,虽然没有对抗拉强度的上限进行特别的限定,但是可考虑其与比电阻的平衡等来决定最适合的范围。抗拉强度例如可以为330MPa左右或以下。另外,抗拉强度是依据JIS(日本工业标准)Z2241测量的值。In the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil, the tensile strength thereof is 210 MPa or more. When the tensile strength is less than 210 MPa, it cannot be said that further improvement in strength has been achieved. Furthermore, when the tensile strength is less than 210 MPa, unnecessary plastic deformation tends to occur when a compressive force is applied to the foil by rolling or the like, for example, when thinning the foil. The aforementioned tensile strength may be preferably 213 MPa or higher, more preferably 215 MPa or higher, and still more preferably 220 MPa or higher. In addition, although the upper limit of the tensile strength is not particularly limited, the most suitable range can be determined in consideration of the balance with the specific resistance and the like. The tensile strength may be, for example, about 330 MPa or less. In addition, the tensile strength is a value measured according to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) Z2241.
在上述铝合金箔中,比电阻为0.45μΩ·cm以上0.7μΩ·cm以下。另外,上述比电阻是在液氮中测量的值。在液氮中测量比电阻是为了消除测量环境温度的影响。In the aluminum alloy foil described above, the specific resistance is not less than 0.45 μΩ·cm and not more than 0.7 μΩ·cm. In addition, the above-mentioned specific resistance is a value measured in liquid nitrogen. The purpose of measuring the specific resistance in liquid nitrogen is to eliminate the influence of the measurement environment temperature.
比电阻与合金成分之Si、Fe的固溶量相关。在比电阻在上述范围内的情况下,容易实现即不会较大地损失导电性,又能够进一步提高强度。若比电阻不足0.45μΩ·cm,则难以通过制造箔时的加工硬化来实现强度的提高,难以使抗拉强度为210MPa以上。比电阻可优选为0.50μΩ·cm以上,更优选为0.55μΩ·cm以上。另一方面,若比电阻变高,虽然可通过制造箔时的加工硬化来实现强度的提高,但是可观察到比电阻上升、导电性下降的倾向。因此,可使比电阻为被认为是强度比较高的铝合金箔的3003系铝合金箔的比电阻的60%左右,即0.7μΩ·cm左右。比电阻可优选为0.69μΩ·cm以下,更优选为0.68μΩ·cm以下。另外,可依据JIS H0505,通过双臂电桥法来测量比电阻。The specific resistance is related to the solid solution amount of Si and Fe in the alloy composition. When the specific resistance is within the above-mentioned range, it is easy to realize that the strength can be further improved without greatly losing the electrical conductivity. If the specific resistance is less than 0.45 μΩ·cm, it will be difficult to improve the strength by work hardening during foil production, and it will be difficult to make the tensile strength 210 MPa or more. The specific resistance may be preferably 0.50 μΩ·cm or more, more preferably 0.55 μΩ·cm or more. On the other hand, when the specific resistance becomes higher, the strength can be improved by work hardening at the time of producing the foil, but the specific resistance tends to increase and the conductivity decreases. Therefore, the specific resistance can be set to about 60% of the specific resistance of the 3003-series aluminum alloy foil, which is considered to be a relatively high-strength aluminum alloy foil, that is, about 0.7 μΩ·cm. The specific resistance may preferably be 0.69 μΩ·cm or less, more preferably 0.68 μΩ·cm or less. In addition, specific resistance can be measured by a two-arm bridge method in accordance with JIS H0505.
上述铝合金箔可用于电池电极的集电体。在这种情况下,在作为集电体的铝合金箔的表面上附着有电极活性物质。具体来说,在这种情况下,在铝合金箔的表面上,涂覆含有电极活性物质的层,在干燥后通过轧制等施加压缩力。即使是在这样的情况下,上述铝合金箔也难以因压缩力产生不必要的塑性变形,因此电极活性物质难以剥离,而且,还可以确保良好的导电性。而且,由于上述铝合金箔具有箔强度,因此还易于应对箔的薄壁化要求。因此,在这种情况下,可有利于锂离子电池等二次电池等的高密度化、高能量化。The aluminum alloy foil described above can be used for a current collector of a battery electrode. In this case, the electrode active material adheres to the surface of the aluminum alloy foil as the current collector. Specifically, in this case, on the surface of the aluminum alloy foil, a layer containing an electrode active material is coated, and compressive force is applied by rolling or the like after drying. Even in such a case, since the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil is unlikely to undergo unnecessary plastic deformation due to compressive force, the electrode active material is unlikely to be peeled off, and good electrical conductivity can also be ensured. Furthermore, since the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil has foil strength, it is also easy to respond to requests for thinning of the foil. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to contribute to higher density and higher energy of secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries.
例如可按照下述这样制造上述铝合金箔。即,可通过对由上述特定的化学成分形成的铝合金铸块进行热轧制后,进行包括箔轧制的冷轧制,从而得到上述铝合金箔。For example, the aluminum alloy foil mentioned above can be manufactured as follows. That is, the above-mentioned aluminum alloy foil can be obtained by hot-rolling an aluminum alloy ingot having the above-mentioned specific chemical composition and then performing cold rolling including foil rolling.
此时,不对铝合金铸块进行高温下的均匀化处理而进行热轧制即可。热轧制从加热到350℃以下的温度后开始,可使热轧制开始时、热轧制的途中以及热轧制结束时的温度都为350℃以下。虽然对达到热轧制的开始温度以后的保持时间没有特别的限定,但是从容易抑制Al-Fe-Si系化合物的析出等观点出发,可设为12小时以内。另外,热轧制可进行一次,也可在粗轧制后进行精轧制等,分成数次来进行。At this time, hot rolling may be performed without performing homogenization treatment at high temperature on the aluminum alloy ingot. Hot rolling starts after heating to a temperature of 350° C. or lower, and the temperatures at the start of hot rolling, during hot rolling, and at the end of hot rolling may all be 350° C. or lower. The holding time after reaching the hot rolling start temperature is not particularly limited, but may be within 12 hours from the viewpoint of easily suppressing the precipitation of Al—Fe—Si based compounds. In addition, hot rolling may be performed once, or may be divided into several times and performed, such as finishing rolling after rough rolling.
而且,冷轧制不在中途进行退火,并使箔厚度为20μm以下。这是因为若在中途进行退火,会促进Al-Fe-Si系化合物的析出,会降低冷轧制时的加工硬化性并且导致箔强度的降低。另外,根据与中途退火相同的理由,优选地也不进行冷轧制结束后的最终退火。从提高箔强度等观点出发,冷轧制的最终轧制率可优选为90%以上,更优选为95%以上。最终轧制率是由100×(冷轧制前的热轧制板的板厚度-最终的冷轧制后的铝合金箔的箔厚度)/(冷轧制前的热轧制板的板厚度)计算出的值。而且,在厚度为200μm以下的箔轧制中,可对箔轧制前的箔的温度和轧制率、轧制速度、通过轧制油的冷却等进行调整,使箔轧制时的温度为120℃以下。这是因为容易使上述晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比为40%以上。In addition, annealing is not performed in the middle of cold rolling, and the foil thickness is 20 μm or less. This is because if the annealing is performed in the middle, the precipitation of the Al-Fe-Si type compound will be accelerated, the work hardening property at the time of cold rolling will fall, and it will cause the fall of foil strength. In addition, for the same reason as the intermediate annealing, it is also preferable not to perform the final annealing after completion of the cold rolling. From the standpoint of improving foil strength, etc., the final rolling ratio of cold rolling is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more. The final rolling ratio is calculated by 100×(thickness of the hot-rolled sheet before cold rolling-foil thickness of the aluminum alloy foil after the final cold-rolling)/(thickness of the hot-rolled sheet before cold-rolling ) calculated value. Furthermore, in foil rolling with a thickness of 200 μm or less, the temperature of the foil before foil rolling, rolling rate, rolling speed, cooling by rolling oil, etc. can be adjusted so that the temperature during foil rolling is Below 120°C. This is because it is easy to make the area ratio of the subgrains having a crystal grain size of 2 μm or less be 40% or more.
以下对实施例所涉及的铝合金箔进行说明。The aluminum alloy foil concerning an Example is demonstrated below.
(实施例1)(Example 1)
通过使用半连续铸造法对表1所示的化学成分的铝合金进行铸块并切削,从而准备好铝合金铸块。另外,在表1所示的化学成分的铝合金中,合金A~K为适于实施例的化学成分的铝合金,合金L~Q是作为比较例的化学成分的铝合金。Aluminum alloy ingots of the chemical compositions shown in Table 1 were ingoted and cut using a semi-continuous casting method to prepare aluminum alloy ingots. In addition, among the aluminum alloys having chemical compositions shown in Table 1, alloys A to K are aluminum alloys having chemical compositions suitable for Examples, and alloys L to Q are aluminum alloys having chemical compositions as comparative examples.
【表1】【Table 1】
不对上述准备的铝合金铸块实施均匀化处理而对其进行热轧制,得到厚度为2mm的热轧制板。此时,热轧制连续进行粗轧制和精轧制。另外,在上述热轧制中,通过将被粗轧制之前的铝合金铸块加热到350℃并且保持6小时从而使粗轧制的开始温度(热轧制的开始温度)为350℃。而且,使粗轧制的结束温度(热轧制的中途温度)为320℃,使精轧制的结束温度(热轧制的结束温度)为278℃。在这样的本例中,不仅是上述热轧制的开始温度以及结束温度,而且热轧制的中途温度即粗轧制的结束温度,也就是精轧制的开始温度也为350℃以下。The above-prepared aluminum alloy ingot was hot-rolled without homogenization treatment to obtain a hot-rolled sheet having a thickness of 2 mm. At this time, the hot rolling is continuously performed with rough rolling and finish rolling. In addition, in the hot rolling described above, the rough rolling start temperature (hot rolling start temperature) was set to 350° C. by heating the aluminum alloy ingot before rough rolling to 350° C. and holding it for 6 hours. Furthermore, the finish temperature of rough rolling (intermediate temperature of hot rolling) was set to 320°C, and the finish temperature of finish rolling (finish temperature of hot rolling) was set to 278°C. In this example, not only the start temperature and end temperature of hot rolling but also the middle temperature of hot rolling, that is, the end temperature of rough rolling, that is, the start temperature of finish rolling is 350° C. or less.
接着,不在中途进行退火而反复进行包含箔轧制的冷轧制,得到箔厚度为12μm的铝合金箔。此时,在200μm以下的箔轧制工序中,将箔轧制的结束温度全部调整到120℃以下。另外,上述冷轧制的最终轧制率为100×(冷轧制前的热轧制板的板厚度2000μm-最终的冷轧制后的铝合金箔的箔厚度12μm)/(冷轧制前的热轧制板的板厚度2000μm)=99.4%。Next, cold rolling including foil rolling was repeatedly performed without performing annealing on the way, to obtain an aluminum alloy foil with a foil thickness of 12 μm. At this time, in the foil rolling step of 200 μm or less, the finishing temperature of the foil rolling is adjusted to 120° C. or less. In addition, the final rolling ratio of the above-mentioned cold rolling is 100×(2000 μm plate thickness of the hot-rolled sheet before cold rolling−foil thickness 12 μm of the aluminum alloy foil after the final cold rolling)/(before cold rolling The plate thickness of the hot-rolled plate (2000 μm) = 99.4%.
接着,将所得到的铝合金箔作为试验材料,对其抗拉强度、屈服强度以及延伸率、比电阻(电阻率)、晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比进行测量。具体来说,依据JISZ2241,从试验材料中采集JIS5号试片来测量抗拉强度、屈服强度以及延伸率。依据JISH0505,使用双臂电桥法来测量比电阻。另外,为了消除环境温度的影响,比电阻的测量在液氮中进行。通过对试样表面以电解抛光(在冷却到-5℃的高氯酸乙醇中,进行10V-90秒的电解抛光)进行最终处理之后,使用SEM/EBSD法,以0.1μm的步长对试样表面900μm2的区域进行分析,将邻接的晶体取向测量点之间的取向差为5°±0.2°的边界看作是晶界,计算出在上述测量区域的面积中晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶所占的面积的比例(%),从而求出晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比。而且,为了对箔轧制状况进行调查,从试验材料的背面照射灯光,通过有无漏光来一并调查针孔的产生状况。将结果示于表2。而且,在图1中,示出了对于试验材料E11,使用SEM/EBSD法对晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比进行测量的结果。在图2中,示出了对于试验材料C1,使用SEM/EBSD法对晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比进行测量的结果。在两图中,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶为用灰色表示的部分。另外,试验材料E1~E11为实施例,试验材料C1~C4为比较例。Next, using the obtained aluminum alloy foil as a test material, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, specific resistance (resistivity), and area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less were measured. Specifically, according to JISZ2241, a JIS No. 5 test piece was collected from the test material to measure the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. According to JISH0505, the specific resistance was measured using a two-arm bridge method. In addition, in order to eliminate the influence of ambient temperature, the measurement of specific resistance was carried out in liquid nitrogen. After the final treatment of the surface of the sample by electropolishing (10V-90 seconds of electropolishing in perchloric acid ethanol cooled to -5°C), the SEM/EBSD method was used to test the sample at a step size of 0.1 μm. Analyze the area of 900 μm2 on the surface of the sample, and regard the boundary where the orientation difference between adjacent crystal orientation measurement points is 5°±0.2° as the grain boundary, and calculate that the grain size in the area of the above measurement area is 2 μm or less The ratio (%) of the area occupied by the subgrains was calculated to obtain the area ratio of the subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less. In addition, in order to investigate the foil rolling condition, light was irradiated from the back surface of the test material, and the occurrence of pinholes was also investigated based on the presence or absence of light leakage. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, FIG. 1 shows the results of measuring the area ratio of subgrains having a crystal grain size of 2 μm or less using the SEM/EBSD method for the test material E11. In FIG. 2 , the results of measuring the area ratio of the subgrains having a crystal grain size of 2 μm or less for the test material C1 using the SEM/EBSD method are shown. In both figures, subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less are indicated in gray. In addition, test materials E1 to E11 are examples, and test materials C1 to C4 are comparative examples.
【表2】【Table 2】
如这些结果所示,试验材料C1使用了Si含量不足0.1%、Fe含量不足0.2%的合金L,而且,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比低至25%。因此,试验材料C1不能得到进一步提高强度的效果,其抗拉强度低至不足210MPa。As shown by these results, test material C1 used alloy L having a Si content of less than 0.1% and an Fe content of less than 0.2%, and the area ratio of subgrains having a grain size of 2 μm or less was as low as 25%. Therefore, in the test material C1, the effect of further improving the strength could not be obtained, and its tensile strength was as low as less than 210 MPa.
由于试验材料C2使用了Si含量超过0.6%的合金M,因此形成了粗大的Si单相粒子,由此产生了针孔。Since the test material C2 used the alloy M having a Si content exceeding 0.6%, coarse Si single-phase particles were formed, thereby generating pinholes.
试验材料C3使用了Fe含量不足0.2%的合金N,而且,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比低至不足40%。因此,试验材料C3不能得到进一步提高强度的效果,其抗拉强度低至不足210MPa。In test material C3, alloy N having an Fe content of less than 0.2% was used, and the area ratio of subgrains having a grain size of 2 μm or less was as low as less than 40%. Therefore, in the test material C3, the effect of further improving the strength could not be obtained, and its tensile strength was as low as less than 210 MPa.
由于试验材料C4使用了Fe含量超过1.0%的合金O,因此形成了粗大的Al-Fe系粒子,由此产生了针孔。Since the test material C4 used alloy O with an Fe content exceeding 1.0%, coarse Al—Fe-based particles were formed, thereby generating pinholes.
与此相对地,试验材料E1~E11均由含有上述特定的化学成分的合金A~K形成,箔厚度为20μm以下,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比为40%以上,抗拉强度为210MPa以上。而且,试验材料E1~E11在液氮中测量出的比电阻均为0.45μΩ·cm以上0.7μΩ·cm以下,可知导电性没有较大地降低。In contrast, test materials E1 to E11 were all made of alloys A to K containing the above-mentioned specific chemical components, the foil thickness was 20 μm or less, the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less was 40% or more, and the tensile strength was 40%. The strength is above 210MPa. Furthermore, the specific resistances of the test materials E1 to E11 measured in liquid nitrogen were all 0.45 μΩ·cm to 0.7 μΩ·cm, and it was found that the electrical conductivity did not significantly decrease.
因此,根据本例,可提供一种铝合金箔,该铝合金箔能够实现即不会较大地损失导电性,又能够进一步提高强度。可以认为之所以能够得到这样的铝合金箔,是因为在进行95%以上的冷轧制,使箔厚度为20μm以下时,组织的回复迟缓,呈现出细小的亚晶组织,从而增强了效果。而且,上述铝合金箔即使实施了薄壁化也具有高强度,还能够避免针孔、箔开裂等问题。Therefore, according to this example, there can be provided an aluminum alloy foil capable of further improving strength without greatly losing electrical conductivity. It is believed that the reason why such an aluminum alloy foil can be obtained is that when the foil thickness is 20 μm or less after 95% or more cold rolling, the recovery of the structure is slow, and a fine subgrain structure appears, thereby enhancing the effect. Furthermore, even if the aluminum alloy foil is thinned, it has high strength, and problems such as pinholes and foil cracks can be avoided.
(实施例2)(Example 2)
通过使用半连续铸造法对表1所示的化学成分的铝合金B进行铸块并切削,从而准备好铝合金铸块。而且,通过使用半连续铸造法对表1所示的以往合金之1050合金(合金P)、3003合金(合金Q)进行铸块并切削,来一并准备好作为比较的铝合金铸块。An ingot of an aluminum alloy B having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 was ingoted and cut using a semi-continuous casting method to prepare an aluminum alloy ingot. In addition, aluminum alloy ingots for comparison were prepared together by cutting ingots of 1050 alloy (alloy P) and 3003 alloy (alloy Q) of the conventional alloys shown in Table 1 using a semi-continuous casting method.
使用上述准备好的铝合金铸块,在表3所示的制造条件下制造出箔厚度为12μm的铝合金箔。对所得的铝合金箔,与实施例1同样地,测量其抗拉强度、屈服强度以及延伸率、比电阻(电阻率)、晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比,并且调查箔轧制状况(有无产生针孔)。将其结果示于表4。另外,试验材料E12、E13为实施例,试验材料C5~C12为比较例。An aluminum alloy foil having a foil thickness of 12 μm was produced under the production conditions shown in Table 3 using the aluminum alloy ingot prepared above. For the obtained aluminum alloy foil, in the same manner as in Example 1, its tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, specific resistance (resistivity), and the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less were measured, and foil rolling was investigated. Control status (with or without pinholes). The results are shown in Table 4. In addition, test materials E12 and E13 are examples, and test materials C5 to C12 are comparative examples.
【表3】【table 3】
【表4】【Table 4】
如表4所示,由于试验材料C5~C7在热轧制时的热轧制开始温度超过了350℃,因此晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比不足40%,抗拉强度低至不足210MPa。As shown in Table 4, since the hot rolling start temperature of test materials C5 to C7 exceeded 350°C during hot rolling, the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less was less than 40%, and the tensile strength was as low as Less than 210MPa.
试验材料C8是在热轧制开始前在520℃下进行了均匀化处理而制作出的。因此,在试验材料C8中形成了Al-Fe-Si系化合物,Si、Fe的固溶量减少,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比不足40%,抗拉强度低至不足210MPa。Test material C8 was produced by performing a homogenization treatment at 520° C. before starting hot rolling. Therefore, in test material C8, an Al-Fe-Si compound was formed, the solid solution amount of Si and Fe decreased, the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less was less than 40%, and the tensile strength was as low as less than 210 MPa.
试验材料C9是在冷轧制的途中,在板厚为1mm时在380℃下进行中途退火而制作出的。因此,在试验材料C9中促进了Al-Fe-Si系化合物的析出,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比不足40%,抗拉强度低至不足210MPa。The test material C9 was produced by annealing at 380° C. at a plate thickness of 1 mm in the middle of cold rolling. Therefore, in Test Material C9, precipitation of Al-Fe-Si-based compounds was accelerated, the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less was less than 40%, and the tensile strength was as low as less than 210 MPa.
试验材料C10在制造时的冷轧制结束温度为130℃。因此,在试验材料C10中,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比不足40%,抗拉强度低至不足210MPa。The cold rolling completion temperature of the test material C10 at the time of manufacture was 130 degreeC. Therefore, in the test material C10, the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less was less than 40%, and the tensile strength was as low as less than 210 MPa.
试验材料C11、C12是使用以往合金之1050合金(合金P)、3003合金(合金Q),并进一步在热轧制开始前在超过350℃的500℃的高温下进行均匀化处理而制作出的。因此,由于试验材料C11的化学成分与以往合金之1050合金(合金P)相同,所以其抗拉强度未达到210MPa,而且,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积比也不足40%。由于试验材料C12的化学成分与以往的合金之3003合金(合金Q)相同,因此其比电阻非常高达到1.2μΩ·cm以上,且导电性差。Test materials C11 and C12 were produced by using conventional alloys 1050 alloy (alloy P) and 3003 alloy (alloy Q), and further homogenizing at a high temperature of 500°C exceeding 350°C before starting hot rolling. . Therefore, since the chemical composition of test material C11 is the same as that of the conventional alloy 1050 (alloy P), its tensile strength does not reach 210 MPa, and the area ratio of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less is less than 40%. Since the chemical composition of the test material C12 is the same as that of the conventional alloy 3003 alloy (alloy Q), its specific resistance is very high at 1.2 μΩ·cm or more, and its electrical conductivity is poor.
与此相对地,试验材料E12、E13均由含有上述特定的化学成分的合金B形成,箔厚度为20μm以下,晶粒尺寸为2μm以下的亚晶的面积为40%以上,抗拉强度为210MPa以上。另外,试验材料E12、E13在液氮中测量的比电阻均为0.45μΩ·cm以上0.7μΩ·cm以下,可知导电性没有较大地降低。In contrast, the test materials E12 and E13 are both made of alloy B containing the above-mentioned specific chemical composition, the foil thickness is 20 μm or less, the area of subgrains with a grain size of 2 μm or less is 40% or more, and the tensile strength is 210 MPa above. In addition, the specific resistances of the test materials E12 and E13 measured in liquid nitrogen were both 0.45 μΩ·cm to 0.7 μΩ·cm, and it was found that the electrical conductivity did not significantly decrease.
因此,根据本例,可提供一种铝合金箔,该铝合金箔能够实现即不会较大地损失导电性,又能够进一步提高强度。Therefore, according to this example, there can be provided an aluminum alloy foil capable of further improving strength without greatly losing electrical conductivity.
虽然以上对实施例进行了说明,但是本发明并不限定于上述实施例,在不损害本发明的主旨的范围内可进行各种变形。Although the embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within a range not detracting from the gist of the present invention.
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