CN104764428B - Ship longitudinal drift detection means - Google Patents

Abstract

A ship's longitudinal drift detection device is characterized in that it includes a measuring wheel, an encoder, a linear guide rail, a PLC detection box and a mounting bracket, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the measuring wheel is in contact with the ship's side and can roll with the ship's front and rear drift, and the encoding The encoder is installed on the measuring wheel and can rotate with the rolling of the measuring wheel. The output end of the encoder is connected to the PLC detection box, and the output of the PLC detection box is connected to the display terminal. The linear guide rail is installed on the side of the mooring pier through the mounting bracket. There is a buffer device connected to the measuring wheel on the linear guide rail. When the ship moves forward or backward, the measuring wheel rolls along with it and drives the encoder to rotate, and converts the drift distance into a pulse signal, which is obtained after processing by the PLC detection box. The forward or backward drift distance data of the ship is displayed on the display terminal through the industrial control software. The detection device of the invention has simple and reasonable structure, firm and stable installation and low cost, can accurately detect the forward or backward drift distance of the ship, and ensures the stability and safety of large docks.

Description

Ship longitudinal drift detection device

technical field

The invention relates to a detection device, in particular to a detection device for longitudinal drift of a ship.

Background technique

During the mooring of large ships at the dock, the ship will drift forward or backward due to the change of tidal flow direction and the uneven force on the cables, and the excessive drift of large ships at the berth may cause serious safety accidents. Therefore, to prevent large ships from drifting, it is very necessary to detect the distance of ship drifting in real time.

For a long time, the on-site detection of longitudinal drift of large ships has been blank, leaving hidden dangers to the stability and safety of large docks. In order to solve this potential safety hazard and ensure the safety of large docks, it is necessary to develop a device for detecting longitudinal drift of large ships.

After investigation, the existing patent number is CN201120437637.9 Chinese utility model patent "An automatic monitoring system for berthing positions of ships", which is characterized in that it includes two laser displacement sensors for detecting the distance between the docked ship and the dock platform, Two laser displacement sensors are installed on the wharf platform, and are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction parallel to the shore; the two laser displacement sensors transmit the detected ship position signals to a controller for processing, and then transmit them to the monitoring terminal. It detects the lateral distance between the ship and the wharf by setting two laser displacement sensors. In order to detect the longitudinal drift of the ship, it sets an inclination sensor. Although it can detect the lateral and longitudinal drift of the ship at the same time, the measurement accuracy is not It is very high, and the structure of the whole system is relatively complicated, and there are many components that need to be configured, and the cost is also high.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ship longitudinal drift detection device with simple and reasonable structure, accurate measurement and high precision.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a ship longitudinal drift detection device, characterized in that it includes a measuring wheel, an encoder, a linear guide rail, a PLC detection box and a mounting bracket, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the measuring wheel is connected to the side of the ship The encoder is installed on the measuring wheel and can rotate with the rolling of the measuring wheel. The output end of the encoder is connected to the PLC detection box, and the output of the PLC detection box is connected to the display terminal. The linear guide rail is installed on the side of the mooring pier through the mounting bracket. There is a buffer device on the linear guide rail to connect with the measuring wheel. When the ship’s side moves forward or backward, the measuring wheel will roll and drive the encoder to rotate, and the drift will be reduced. The distance is converted into a pulse signal, and the forward or backward drift distance data of the ship is obtained after processing by the PLC detection box, and displayed on the display terminal through the industrial control software.

As an improvement, the measuring wheel includes a circular hub, the outer peripheral surface of the hub is provided with a plurality of small rollers in contact with the side of the ship, and a plurality of grooves for the small rollers are radially provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hub, A roller support shaft is arranged in the groove, and the small roller is rotatably arranged in the groove through the roller support shaft.

As an improvement, the measuring wheel is made of polyethylene material, and the rollers are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the hub.

As an improvement, the encoder is an intrinsically safe explosion-proof encoder, and the encoder is installed on the central axis of the hub of the measuring wheel.

Further improvement, the buffer device is an air pressure rod, the air pressure rod is arranged on the slide rail platform of the linear guide rail through the fixed plate, the other end of the air pressure rod is fixedly connected with the base of the measuring wheel, and the rear end of the linear guide rail is provided with a The rail platform slides the crank handle, and the base of the measuring wheel is provided with two guide rods, the measuring wheel is connected with the through hole of the fixed plate through the guide rods, and the air pressure rod is between the guide rods.

Further improvement, the length of the air pressure rod is 18-22 centimeters, and the pressure is 4.5-5.5 kilograms.

As a further improvement, the installation bracket includes an oblique support rod and a support rod, and an anti-shock plate and a rubber fender are provided between the ship's side and the mooring pier, and there are two support rods, wherein the first support rod is fixed on the anti-shock On the side of the punching plate, the second support rod is arranged parallel to the side of the ship, one end of the second support rod is supported on the linear guide rail, and the other end is fixed with the first support rod.

As a further improvement, there are two inclined support rods, one of which is supported obliquely between the first support rod and the second support rod, and the other is supported obliquely between the first support rod and the impact plate.

As a further improvement, the PLC detection box is set on the mooring pier, the signal input end of the PLC detection box is connected to the encoder through the signal line, and the output end of the PLC detection box is connected to the display terminal in the control room through the data line.

As a further improvement, the display terminal is designed with a drift clearing function and an alarm value setting function through the industrial control software, which can be modified according to the authority.

Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that the longitudinal drift distance of the ship is measured by the measuring wheel, and after being processed by the encoder and the PLC detection box, it is finally displayed on the terminal by the industrial control software. The rollers can prevent the ship’s sides and measuring wheels from being worn by friction in the vertical direction when the ship rises or falls with draft changes and rising and falling tides, and the air pressure rod is set so that the detection device has a stretch of 0-20 cm. When moving outside the berth, the detection device can still normally detect the longitudinal drift of the ship within the range of 0-20 cm. The detection device of the invention has simple and reasonable structure, firm and stable installation and low cost, can accurately detect the forward or backward drift distance of the ship, and ensures the stability and safety of large docks.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of detection device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the measuring wheel and the buffer device in the detection device of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the ship longitudinal drift detection device of this embodiment includes a measuring wheel 1, an encoder 2, a linear guide rail 3, a buffer device 4, a PLC detection box 5, a display terminal 16 and a mounting bracket, wherein the measuring wheel The outer peripheral surface of 1 is in contact with the side of the ship 6 and can roll with the forward and backward drift of the ship. The encoder 2 is installed on the measuring wheel 1 and can rotate with the rolling of the measuring wheel 1. The output end of the encoder 2 is connected with the PLC detection box 5 connected, the linear guide rail 3 is installed on the side of the mooring pier 7 perpendicular to the ship's side 6 through the mounting bracket, and the buffer device is arranged on the linear guide rail 3 and connected with the measuring wheel 1. When the ship's side 6 moves forward or backward, the measuring wheel 1 rolls along with it and drives the encoder 2 to rotate, converts the drift distance into a pulse signal, connects it to the PLC detection box 5, and obtains the forward or backward drift distance data of the ship after being processed by the PLC detection box 5, and then transmits and connects to the display Terminal 16, and displayed on the display terminal 16 through industrial control software; the measuring wheel 1 is a specially designed and manufactured measuring device, which can accurately measure the movement of the ship, and the accuracy level reaches the millimeter level. In order to ensure that the measuring wheel 1 is in contact with the ship's side 6 For safety afterwards, materials such as polyethylene are all used when making the measuring wheel 1. The measuring wheel 1 includes a circular hub 1.1, and the outer peripheral surface of the hub 1.1 is evenly spaced with a plurality of small rollers 1.2 that are in contact with the ship's side 6. On the outer peripheral surface of the hub 1.1, a plurality of grooves 1.5 are provided radially for the small roller 1.2 to be inserted, and a roller support shaft 1.3 is arranged in the groove, and the small roller 1.2 is rotatably arranged in the groove 1.5 through the roller support shaft 1.3 , the purpose of setting the small roller 1.2 is to prevent the wear of the ship's side 6 and the measuring wheel 1 caused by friction in the vertical direction when the ship floats or descends; the encoder 2 adopts an intrinsically safe explosion-proof encoder with a resolution of 1024PPR, which can meet the accuracy requirements. The level reaches the millimeter level, and the encoder 2 is installed on the central axis of the hub 1.1 of the measuring wheel 1; the buffer device is an air pressure rod 4, and the air pressure rod 4 is arranged on the slide rail platform 10 of the linear guide rail 3 through the fixed plate 41, and the air pressure rod The other end of 4 is fixedly connected to the base of the measuring wheel 1, and the rear end of the linear guide 3 is provided with a guide handle 3.1 for controlling the sliding of the slide rail platform 10. The guide handle 3.1 is fixed on one end of the linear guide, and by shaking the guide handle The synchronous belt in the drive guide rail drives the slide rail platform. There are many similar driving mechanisms. You can refer to various linear guide rail structures. The through holes of 41 are connected, and the air pressure rod 4 is between the guide rods 1.4, so as long as the guide rail handle 3.1 is shaken, the measuring wheel 1 and the buffer device can be pushed to the side of the ship's side 6 through the linear guide rail 3 and contact with the ship's side 6, and the air pressure rod 4. The air pressure rod 4 with a length of 20 centimeters and a pressure of 5 kilograms is used, so the detection device has an expansion and contraction of 0-20 cm. When a large ship moves outside the berth, the detection device can still be normal within the range of 0-20 cm. Detect the longitudinal drift of the ship; the installation bracket includes inclined support rods and support rods. 6 and the mooring pier 7 are provided with an anti-shock plate 9 and a rubber fender 8, and there are two support rods, wherein the first support rod 12 is fixed on the side of the anti-shock plate 9 substantially perpendicular to the ship’s side 6, and the second support Rod 11 is arranged substantially parallel to ship's side 6, and one end of second support rod 11 is supported on the linear guide rail 3, and the other end is fixed with first support rod 12, and there are two oblique support rods 13 and 14, one of which is obliquely supported on Between the first support rod 12 and the second support rod 11, another oblique support is between the first support rod 12 and the anti-shock plate 9; the PLC detection box 5 is arranged on the mooring pier, and the signal input of the PLC detection box 5 end is connected with encoder 2 through signal line 15, and the output end of PLC detection box 5 is connected with control room display terminal 16 through data line, and the PLC detection box 5 of the present embodiment adopts Siemens SIMATIC S7-200SMART programmable controller , the controller has the function of network communication, so as to realize the remote transmission of signals. In order to realize the detection function, a pulse detection program is designed based on Siemens SIMATIC S7-200, and a drift data display terminal program is designed based on industrial control software. The display terminal of the detection device is 16 The drift clearing function and the alarm value setting function are designed through the industrial control software, which can be modified according to the authority.

The detection process is as follows: After the large-scale ship is berthed at the dock, the buffer device of the measuring wheel 1 is pushed to the side of the ship's side 6 through the linear guide rail to contact with the side of the ship. When the ship moves forward or backward, the part that is in close contact with the side of the ship The measuring wheel 1 will roll along with it, and at the same time drive the encoder 2 to rotate to realize the conversion of the drift distance into a pulse signal. The pulse signal is measured by the PLC detection box 5, so as to obtain the forward or backward distance data of the ship, and through the industrial control The software is displayed on the terminal.

Claims (10)

1. A ship longitudinal drift detection device is characterized in that: comprising measuring wheel, encoder, linear guide rail, PLC detection box and mounting bracket, wherein the peripheral surface of measuring wheel is in contact with the ship's side and can roll with the forward and backward drift of the ship , the encoder is installed on the measuring wheel and can rotate with the rolling of the measuring wheel, the output end of the encoder is connected to the PLC detection box, the output of the PLC detection box is connected to the display terminal, and the linear guide rail is installed on the mooring pier through the mounting bracket On the side, there is a buffer device connected to the measuring wheel on the linear guide rail. When the ship moves forward or backward, the measuring wheel rolls and drives the encoder to rotate, and the drift distance is converted into a pulse signal, which is processed by the PLC detection box. Finally, the forward or backward drift distance data of the ship is obtained, and displayed on the display terminal through the industrial control software. 2. The ship's longitudinal drift detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the measuring wheel comprises a circular hub, and the outer peripheral surface of the hub is provided with a plurality of small rollers in contact with the side of the ship. A plurality of grooves are arranged radially on the surface for the small rollers to be inserted into. The grooves are provided with roller support shafts, and the small rollers are rotatably arranged in the grooves through the roller support shafts. 3. The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the measuring wheel is made of polyethylene material, and the small rollers are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the hub. 4. The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the encoder is an intrinsically safe explosion-proof encoder, and the encoder is installed on the central axis of the hub of the measuring wheel. 5. The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer device is an air pressure rod, and the air pressure rod is arranged on the slide rail platform of the linear guide rail through the fixed plate, and the other end of the air pressure rod and the measurement The base of the wheel is fixedly connected, and the rear end of the linear guide rail is provided with a guide handle for controlling the sliding of the slide rail platform. There are two guide rods on the base of the measuring wheel, and the measuring wheel is connected with the through hole of the fixed plate through the guide rod. The air pressure rod is between the guide rods. 6 . The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to claim 5 , characterized in that: the air pressure rod has a length of 18-22 centimeters and a pressure of 4.5-5.5 kilograms. 7. The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the installation bracket includes an oblique support rod and a support rod, and an anti-shock plate is provided between the ship's side and the mooring pier And rubber fenders, there are two support rods, the first support rod is fixed on the side of the impact plate perpendicular to the ship's side, the second support rod is set parallel to the ship's side, one end of the second support rod is supported on the linear guide rail, and the other One end is fixed with the first support rod. 8. The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: there are two inclined support rods, one of which is supported obliquely between the first support rod and the second support rod, and the other is supported obliquely Between the first support rod and the impact plate. 9. The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the PLC detection box is arranged on the mooring pier, and the signal input end of the PLC detection box passes through the signal line and the encoder The output terminal of the PLC detection box is connected with the display terminal in the control room through the data line. 10. The ship longitudinal drift detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: the display terminal is designed with a drift clearing function and an alarm value setting function through industrial control software, which can be modified according to authority.