CN104751233A - Contract capacity optimization system and optimization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及最佳化系统及最佳化方法,尤其涉及计算最佳的契约容量的最佳化系统及最佳化方法。The present invention relates to an optimization system and an optimization method, in particular to an optimization system and an optimization method for calculating the optimal contract capacity.
背景技术Background technique
现今的公司、工厂、百货公司等具有高用电需求的建筑业者,通常都会跟电力公司签定契约,要求瞬间瓦数(即,最大即时需量)或总用电量不得超过某一个定值,否则业者需要付出额外的惩罚性电费(或称为超约电费),此即为所谓的契约容量。因此在本发明所属技术领域中,已有部分相关技术可以协助业者计算出较佳、较合理的契约容量,以利业者与电力公司签订明年度的契约。Today's companies, factories, department stores and other construction companies with high electricity demand usually sign a contract with the power company, requiring that the instantaneous wattage (that is, the maximum immediate demand) or the total power consumption should not exceed a certain value , otherwise the operator needs to pay an additional punitive electricity fee (or called over-contract electricity fee), which is the so-called contracted capacity. Therefore, in the technical field of the present invention, there are some related technologies that can assist the industry to calculate a better and more reasonable contract capacity, so as to facilitate the industry to sign the contract with the power company for the next year.
该些相关技术多仅通过演算法计算,依据一建筑物过去一年的用电历史数据来分析其用电量信息,进而计算出建议明年度使用的一契约容量。然而,响影一建筑物用电量的原因有很多,例如室内人数多寡、户外温度高低等,若不知道去年度用电量高/低的原因为何,而仅以最后的用电量信息来做为分析依据,实难以准确地预测明年度可能的用电量与最大即时需量。如此一来,当然也就无法计算出精准的契约容量。若业者依据这种不精准的契约容量来与电力公司签订契约,将可能因为明年度实际用电量未达到该契约容量而造成浪费,或是因为用电量超过该契约容量太多而需支付可观的超约电费。Most of these related technologies are only calculated by algorithms, analyzing the power consumption information of a building based on the historical data of power consumption in the past year, and then calculating a contracted capacity recommended for use in the next year. However, there are many factors that affect the electricity consumption of a building, such as the number of people indoors, the outdoor temperature, etc. As an analysis basis, it is really difficult to accurately predict the possible electricity consumption and the maximum immediate demand in the next year. In this way, of course, it is impossible to calculate the precise contract capacity. If the operator signs a contract with the power company based on this imprecise contract capacity, it may cause waste because the actual electricity consumption in the next year does not reach the contract capacity, or because the electricity consumption exceeds the contract capacity too much and needs to pay Substantial over-approximate electricity bills.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的主要目的,在于提供一种契约容量最佳化系统及最佳化方法,为可依据建筑物的历史用电数据以及未来策略,预测出建筑物明年度可能的最大需量预测值,借以令系统能更为准确地计算明年度的最佳化契约容量,以利使用者与电力公司签订契约。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a contract capacity optimization system and optimization method, in order to predict the possible maximum demand forecast value of the building in the next year based on the historical electricity consumption data of the building and the future strategy, In order to enable the system to more accurately calculate the optimal contract capacity for the next year, it is convenient for users to sign contracts with power companies.
本发明的另一主要目的,在于提供一种契约容量最佳化系统及最佳化方法,为可接收使用者的需求,借以令系统可以在不违反使用者需求的前提下,计算得到能令建筑物明年度的电费最低的契约容量。Another main purpose of the present invention is to provide a contract capacity optimization system and optimization method, which can accept the user's demand, so that the system can calculate the capacity without violating the user's demand. The contract capacity that the electricity rate of the building next year is the lowest.
为达上述目的,本发明公开了包括处理单元、输入单元及数据库在内的一契约容量最佳化系统,以及该最佳化系统使用的最佳化方法。其中,处理单元由数据库读取与建筑物过去的用电量相关的历史数据,并且由输入单元接收与建筑物未来的策略相关的未来规划数据。处理单元依据历史数据及未来规划数据,预测建筑物明年度各个月份中的各种时段的最大需量预测值。接着,处理单元再由输入单元接收使用者需求,并且依据预测得出的最大需量预测值,计算出符合使用者需求的一最佳化契约容量。To achieve the above purpose, the present invention discloses a contract capacity optimization system including a processing unit, an input unit and a database, and an optimization method used in the optimization system. Wherein, the processing unit reads historical data related to the past electricity consumption of the building from the database, and receives future planning data related to the future strategy of the building from the input unit. The processing unit predicts the maximum demand forecast value of the building at various time periods in each month of the next year based on historical data and future planning data. Next, the processing unit receives the user demand from the input unit, and calculates an optimal contract capacity that meets the user demand according to the predicted maximum demand forecast value.
本发明是同时使用建筑物的历史数据以及未来策略,先预测出明年度可能的最大需量预测值,并且再依据最大需量预测值来计算明年度的契约容量。本发明可改善现有技术仅使用历史数据来预估并计算明年度的契约容量的做法,得出的结果不够精准的问题。The present invention uses historical data and future strategies of the building at the same time, first predicts the possible maximum demand forecast value of next year, and then calculates the contract capacity of next year according to the maximum demand forecast value. The invention can improve the problem that the prior art only uses historical data to estimate and calculate the contract capacity of the next year, and the result obtained is not accurate enough.
再者,最佳化契约容量的目的是希望能经过规划,令明年度需支付的总电费最少。然而,总电费一般包括了基本电费与超约电费,故在基本电费经过规划被大幅降低的模式下,即使需要支付超约电费,其总电费仍可能比不需支付超约电费,但基本电费很高的模式来得更低。如此一来,虽然可以节省需支付的总电费,但可能因超约费用太多而造成管理者的观感不佳,甚至可能因为计算上的误差,造成超约的月数大幅增加,最后导致实际上的总电费不减反增的现象。是以本发明在计算明年度的契约容量时,还同时采纳使用者需求,藉此可在符合使用者需求的前提下,为明年度的契约容量进行最佳化。Furthermore, the purpose of optimizing the contracted capacity is to minimize the total electricity bill to be paid in the next year through planning. However, the total electricity fee generally includes the basic electricity fee and the over-contract electricity fee. Therefore, in the mode where the basic electricity fee is greatly reduced after planning, even if the overage electricity fee needs to be paid, the total electricity fee may still be higher than that without the overage electricity fee, but the basic electricity fee Very high patterns come lower. In this way, although the total electricity bill that needs to be paid can be saved, it may cause a bad perception of the manager due to too much over-contraction fees, and may even cause a large increase in the number of over-contracted months due to calculation errors, and finally lead to actual The total electricity bill on the network does not decrease but increases. Therefore, when the present invention calculates the contract capacity for the next year, it also adopts the user's demand at the same time, so that the contract capacity for the next year can be optimized on the premise of meeting the user's demand.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的第一具体实施例的系统方框图。FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明的第一具体实施例的最佳化架构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optimized architecture of the first embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明的第一具体实施例的历史数据示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of historical data of the first specific embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明的第一具体实施例的未来规划数据示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of future planning data according to the first specific embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本发明的第一具体实施例的最佳化流程图。FIG. 5 is an optimization flowchart of the first embodiment of the present invention.
图6为本发明的第二具体实施例的最佳化架构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optimized architecture of a second specific embodiment of the present invention.
其中,附图标记说明如下:Wherein, the reference signs are explained as follows:
1…最佳化系统1…optimize the system
2…处理单元2…processing unit
21…数据预测模块21...Data Prediction Module
22…契约最佳化模块22…Contract Optimization Module
3…数据库3…database
31…历史数据31…historical data
31A…第一时段历史数据31A...Historical data of the first period
31B…第二时段历史数据31B...Historical data of the second period
31C…第三时段历史数据31C...Historical data of the third period
311…日期311…Date
312…时间312…time
313…最大需量值313…Maximum demand value
314…人数数据314…Number of people data
315…户外温度数据315…Outdoor temperature data
316…设备启用状况数据316...Equipment enabling status data
317…其他信息317...Other information
4…输入单元4…Input unit
5…输出单元5…Output unit
6…未来规划数据6…future planning data
61…产量增减规划61...Production increase and decrease planning
62…设备汰换规划62...Equipment replacement plan
63…人数增减规划63...Planning for the increase or decrease of the number of people
64…其他因素64…other factors
7…最大需量预测值7…Maximum demand forecast
71…第一时段最大需量预测值71...The maximum demand forecast value in the first period
72…第二时段最大需量预测值72...Maximum demand forecast value in the second period
73…第三时段最大需量预测值73...Maximum demand forecast value in the third period
8…使用者需求8…User needs
9…最佳化契约容量9… Optimizing Contract Capacity
S10~S24…最佳化步骤S10~S24...optimization steps
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现就本发明的一较佳实施例,配合附图,详细说明如后。A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
首请参阅图1与图2,分别为本发明的第一具体实施例的系统方框图与最佳化架构示意图。本发明公开了一种契约容量最佳化系统(于说明书内文中简称为该系统1),该系统1主要包括一处理单元2、一数据库3、一输入单元4及一输出单元5,其中该处理单元2电性连接该数据库3、该输入单元4及该输出单元5。First please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , which are respectively a system block diagram and an optimized architecture diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention. The present invention discloses a contract capacity optimization system (abbreviated as the system 1 in the specification), the system 1 mainly includes a processing unit 2, a database 3, an input unit 4 and an output unit 5, wherein the The processing unit 2 is electrically connected to the database 3 , the input unit 4 and the output unit 5 .
本实施例中,该系统1主要设置于一建筑物(图未标示)中,并且可为该建筑物的一建筑物能源管理系统(Building Energy Management System,BEMS),或是与该建筑物既有的BEMS整合为一体,不加以限定。In this embodiment, the system 1 is mainly installed in a building (not shown in the figure), and can be a building energy management system (Building Energy Management System, BEMS) of the building, or it can be connected with the building Some BEMS are integrated into one without limitation.
该数据库3中记录该建筑物过去与用电量相关的历史数据31,于一较佳实施例中,该数据库3主要记录该建筑物去年度与用电量相关的历史数据31;然而于其他实施例中,该数据库3亦可完整记录该建筑物过往多个年度与用电量相关的历史数据31,但不加以限定。该处理单元2主要可从该数据库3中取得该历史数据31,并且从该输入单元4接收外部(使用者)输入的、与该建筑物未来的营运策略有关的数据。藉此,该处理单元2可以预测出该建筑物未来可能的用电最大需量,进而计算一最佳化契约容量,并通过该输出单元5来对外显示或输出。于一较佳实施例中,该处理单元主要通过该输入单元4接收与该建筑物明年度的营运策略有关的数据,并且据以预测出该建筑物明年度可能的用电最大需量,但并不加以限定。本发明通过该处理单元2来预测该用电量大需量,并计算该最佳化契约容量,有助于该建筑物的使用者与电力公司签定契约(主要为明年度的契约)。Record the historical data 31 related to electricity consumption of the building in the past in the database 3. In a preferred embodiment, the database 3 mainly records the historical data 31 related to the electricity consumption of the building in the past year; however, in other In the embodiment, the database 3 can also completely record the historical data 31 related to electricity consumption of the building in the past several years, but it is not limited thereto. The processing unit 2 can mainly obtain the historical data 31 from the database 3 , and receive external (user) input data related to the future operation strategy of the building from the input unit 4 . In this way, the processing unit 2 can predict the possible maximum electricity demand of the building in the future, and then calculate an optimal contract capacity, and display or output it externally through the output unit 5 . In a preferred embodiment, the processing unit mainly receives the data related to the operation strategy of the building in the next year through the input unit 4, and predicts the possible maximum electricity demand of the building in the next year based on the input unit 4, but Not limited. The present invention uses the processing unit 2 to predict the large demand of electricity consumption and calculate the optimal contract capacity, which is helpful for the user of the building to sign a contract with the power company (mainly for next year's contract).
如图2所示,本实施例中该处理单元2主要包括一数据预测模块21以及一契约最佳化模块22,其中该契约最佳化模块22连接该数据预测模块21。该数据预测模块21可由该数据库3中取得与用电量相关的该历史数据31,并且该数据预测模块21可由该输入单元接收外部输入的该建筑物的一未来规划数据6。该数据预测模块21可依据该历史数据31及该未来规划数据6,预测该建筑物未来的一最大需量预测值7。As shown in FIG. 2 , the processing unit 2 in this embodiment mainly includes a data prediction module 21 and a contract optimization module 22 , wherein the contract optimization module 22 is connected to the data prediction module 21 . The data prediction module 21 can obtain the historical data 31 related to electricity consumption from the database 3 , and the data prediction module 21 can receive a future planning data 6 of the building from the input unit. The data prediction module 21 can predict a future maximum demand forecast value 7 of the building according to the historical data 31 and the future planning data 6 .
值得一提的是,本实施例中该最大需量预测值7的数量与对应的时段,对应至该历史数据31的数量与对应的时段。例如,若该历史数据31包括过去一或多年的所有数据,则该数据预测模块21可预测明年度一整年中各个月份中不同时段最大需量预测值7It is worth mentioning that, in this embodiment, the quantity and corresponding period of the maximum demand forecast value 7 correspond to the quantity and corresponding period of the historical data 31 . For example, if the historical data 31 includes all the data of one or more years in the past, then the data prediction module 21 can predict the maximum demand forecast value 7 in different periods in each month in the whole year of next year
该契约最佳化模块22可从该数据预测模块21得到其预测得出的该最大需量预测值7,并且经由演算法计算,得出一最佳化契约容量9。该最佳化契约容量9经由该输出单元5来对外输出、显示,以利使用者依据该最佳化契约容量9的内容来与电力公司签订契约。The contract optimization module 22 can obtain the predicted maximum demand value 7 from the data prediction module 21 , and calculate an optimal contract capacity 9 through algorithm calculation. The optimized contract capacity 9 is output and displayed through the output unit 5 , so that the user can sign a contract with the power company according to the content of the optimized contract capacity 9 .
于另一实施例中,该契约最佳化模块22可通过该输入单元4,接收外部输入的一使用者需求8,借以在计算该最佳化契约容量9时,排除不符合该使用者需求8的一或多个契约容量,并且在符合该使用者需求8的一或多个契约容量中,选取电费最低的一或多个契约容量,作为该最佳化契约容量9。In another embodiment, the contract optimization module 22 can receive an externally input user demand 8 through the input unit 4, so as to exclude those that do not meet the user demand when calculating the optimal contract capacity 9 8, and among the one or more contracted capacities that meet the user’s demand 8, select one or more contracted capacities with the lowest electricity cost as the optimized contracted capacity 9.
具体而言,该契约最佳化模块22在计算该最佳化契约容量9时,将是否符合该使用者需求8视为第一要件,而将电费的高低视为第二要件。举例来说,即使计算出来的契约容量A可以省下比契约容量B更多的电费,但是若契约容量A不符合该使用者需求8而契约容量B符合该使用者需求8,则该契约最佳化模块22会将契约容量B视为该最佳化契约容量9。本实施例中,该使用者需求8为使用者可接受的最大超约月数(容下详述),但不加以限定。Specifically, when the contract optimization module 22 calculates the optimal contract capacity 9 , whether it meets the user's demand 8 is regarded as the first requirement, and the level of electricity charges is regarded as the second requirement. For example, even if the calculated contract capacity A can save more electricity charges than contract capacity B, if the contract capacity A does not meet the user's demand8 and the contract capacity B meets the user's demand8, the contract is the most The optimization module 22 regards the contract capacity B as the optimized contract capacity 9 . In this embodiment, the user requirement 8 is the maximum number of months acceptable to the user (details will be described below), but it is not limited.
一般来说,总电费中包含了基本电费与超约电费,并且只有在最大需量超过契约容量时,才需支付超约电费。换句话说,即使因为超约而需支付超约电费,但只要令基本电费降低,则总电费还是有可能达到最低。因此,一般经过最佳化后的契约容量虽然可以达到最低的总电费,但其总电费的降低可能是经由压缩基本电费而达成的,而为了降低某几个月份的基本电费,可能故意让其他一或多个月份超约。于此情况下,虽然总电费降低,但是因为超约的月数过多,将可能造成使用者的观感不佳,或令第三人认为使用者对于用电量的管控不佳。是以,本发明提供使用者设定该使用者需求8(即,可接受的最大超约月数),藉此,该系统1可以该使用者需求8为前提,计算该最佳化契约容量9。Generally speaking, the total electricity fee includes the basic electricity fee and the over-contract electricity fee, and only when the maximum demand exceeds the contracted capacity, the over-contract electricity fee needs to be paid. In other words, even if you have to pay an over-contracted electricity bill due to over-contraction, as long as the basic electricity bill is reduced, the total electricity bill may still reach the minimum. Therefore, although the optimized contract capacity can generally achieve the lowest total electricity charge, the reduction of the total electricity charge may be achieved by compressing the basic electricity charge. In order to reduce the basic electricity charge for certain months, other One or more months are overdue. In this case, although the total electricity bill is reduced, the excessive number of months may cause the user to feel bad, or make a third party think that the user has poor control over the electricity consumption. Therefore, the present invention provides the user to set the user demand 8 (that is, the maximum acceptable number of over-contract months), whereby the system 1 can calculate the optimal contract capacity on the premise of the user demand 8 9.
参阅图3,为本发明的第一具体实施例的历史数据示意图。如图3所示,本实施例中该历史数据31主要可包含日期311、时间312、最大需量值313、人数数据314、户外温度数据315、设备启用状况数据316及其他信息(例如湿度)317等。本发明中,该数据预测模块21主要是依据该历史数据31中的该最大需量值313,结合使用者输入的该未来规划数据6,预测出该建筑物明年度的该最大需量预测值7。其中,该最大需量值313的大小取决于该建筑物的用电量,而用电量又取决于该建筑物当下的各项数据(如上述的人数数据314、户外温度数据315、设备启用状况数据316及其他信息317等)。因此于本发明中,该系统1是通过该数据库3同时记录该些数据,并且该数据预测模块21在预测该最大需量预测值7时,同时考虑这些数据。Referring to FIG. 3 , it is a schematic diagram of historical data of the first specific embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the historical data 31 can mainly include date 311, time 312, maximum demand value 313, number of people data 314, outdoor temperature data 315, equipment activation status data 316 and other information (such as humidity) 317 et al. In the present invention, the data prediction module 21 is mainly based on the maximum demand value 313 in the historical data 31, combined with the future planning data 6 input by the user, to predict the maximum demand forecast value of the building next year 7. Wherein, the size of the maximum demand value 313 depends on the power consumption of the building, and the power consumption depends on the current data of the building (such as the above-mentioned number of people data 314, outdoor temperature data 315, equipment activation status data 316 and other information 317, etc.). Therefore, in the present invention, the system 1 simultaneously records these data through the database 3 , and the data forecasting module 21 takes these data into consideration when predicting the maximum demand forecast value 7 .
举例来说,若要维持相同的室内温度,则当该建筑物中的人数增加时,空调设备需要平衡与维持室内温度以应付人数增加,故电费就会提高,并且该最大需量值313上升。再例如,当该建筑物的户外温度下降时,因可通过外气温度降低室内温度,故可降低空调设备的运作温度,或是关闭部分空调设备,甚至可将空调设备全部关闭,因此电费就会降低,并且该最大需量值313下降。依照下述表1,可更明确看出该些数据的关系。For example, if the same indoor temperature is to be maintained, when the number of people in the building increases, the air conditioner needs to balance and maintain the indoor temperature to cope with the increase in the number of people, so the electricity bill will increase, and the maximum demand value 313 will increase . For another example, when the outdoor temperature of the building drops, the indoor temperature can be lowered through the outside air temperature, so the operating temperature of the air-conditioning equipment can be lowered, or part of the air-conditioning equipment can be turned off, or even all the air-conditioning equipment can be turned off, so the electricity bill is reduced. will decrease, and the maximum demand value 313 decreases. According to Table 1 below, the relationship between these data can be seen more clearly.
表1Table 1
如上述表1所示的例子,由于八月份的户外温度较高,因而空调设备的用电量较其他月份高,进而导致该月的最大需量值较其他月份来得高。另,九月份与十二月份的用电数值相当,然而九月份时,该建筑物中的人数较多,户外温度较高,湿度较高,因而也导致该月的最大需量值较十二月份来得高。然而,以上所述皆仅为本发明的一较佳具体实例,不加以限定。As shown in the example in Table 1 above, due to the high outdoor temperature in August, the power consumption of air-conditioning equipment is higher than that in other months, which leads to a higher maximum demand value in this month than in other months. In addition, the electricity consumption values in September and December are similar, but in September, there are more people in the building, the outdoor temperature is higher, and the humidity is higher, which also causes the maximum demand value of the month to be higher than December The month comes high. However, the above description is only a preferred specific example of the present invention and is not limited thereto.
表1中所示者,是以每个月份一笔最大需量值313为例。然而,不同的国家和地区具有不同的电费计算方式,例如在中国台湾,每一个月份中还区分成尖峰时段(可包括夏季尖峰时段及非夏季尖峰时段)、周六半尖峰时段、离峰时段等各种时段。因此,该历史数据31中可包括多笔的该最大需量值313,并且依据该日期311及该时间312来进行区分,将该多笔最大需量值313分别对应至过去各个月份中的各种时段。于此一实施例中,该数据预测模块21可依据该多笔最大需量值313,结合该未来规划数据6预测出多笔的该最大需量预测值7,并且该多笔最大需量预测值7分别对应至未来(一般为明年度)各个月份中的各种时段。并且,于此一实施例中,该契约最佳化模块22可依据该多笔最大需量预测值7,计算出符合该使用者需求8的多笔该最佳化契约容量9,并且该多笔最佳化契约容量分别适用于不同时段的契约,以达到最低基本电费的目标。What is shown in Table 1 is an example of a maximum demand value 313 every month. However, different countries and regions have different calculation methods for electricity charges. For example, in Taiwan, China, each month is also divided into peak hours (including summer peak hours and non-summer peak hours), Saturday half-peak hours, and off-peak hours. Various time periods. Therefore, the historical data 31 may include a plurality of maximum demand values 313, which are distinguished according to the date 311 and the time 312, and the multiple maximum demand values 313 are respectively corresponding to each of the past months. kind of time period. In this embodiment, the data forecasting module 21 can predict multiple maximum demand forecast values 7 based on the multiple maximum demand values 313 combined with the future planning data 6, and the multiple maximum demand forecasts The value 7 corresponds to various periods in each month in the future (generally next year). Moreover, in this embodiment, the contract optimization module 22 can calculate the multiple optimized contract capacities 9 that meet the user's demand 8 according to the multiple maximum demand forecast values 7, and the multiple The optimized contract capacity is applicable to contracts in different time periods to achieve the goal of the lowest basic electricity charge.
举例来说,若该历史数据31中记录了过去五年中每个月份的尖峰时段及离峰时段的多笔该最大需量值313(即,共有120笔的该最大需量值313),则该数据预测模块21可据以预测出该建筑物明年度每个月份的尖峰时段及离峰时段的多笔该最大需量预测值7(即,共有24笔的该最大需量预测值7)。最后,该契约最佳化模块22共可计算出两笔符合该使用者需求8的该最佳化契约容量9,并且该两笔最佳化契约容量9分别适用于尖峰时段的契约及离峰时段的契约。For example, if the historical data 31 records a plurality of maximum demand values 313 during the peak hours and off-peak periods of each month in the past five years (that is, a total of 120 maximum demand values 313), Then the data prediction module 21 can predict a plurality of the maximum demand forecast values 7 (that is, a total of 24 maximum demand forecast values 7) in the peak hours and off-peak periods of each month of the building in the next year. ). Finally, the contract optimization module 22 can calculate a total of two optimized contract capacities 9 that meet the user's needs 8, and the two optimized contract capacities 9 are respectively applicable to contracts during peak hours and off-peak time period contract.
于上述实施例及表1所示,该历史数据31中的该多笔最大需量值313同时伴随发生该多笔最大需量值313的日期与时间时的该人数数据314、该户外温度数据315、该设备启用状况数据316与该其他信息317。藉此,该数据预测模块21在预测该建筑物明年某月份某个时段的该最大需量预测值7时,实可令预测得出的数据更为精准。As shown in the above embodiment and Table 1, the multiple maximum demand values 313 in the historical data 31 are accompanied by the number of people data 314 and the outdoor temperature data at the date and time when the multiple maximum demand values 313 occurred. 315 . The device activates the status data 316 and the other information 317 . In this way, when the data forecasting module 21 predicts the maximum demand forecast value 7 of the building at a certain time period in a certain month next year, the forecasted data can actually be more accurate.
参阅图4,为本发明的第一具体实施例的未来规划数据示意图。如图所示,本实施例中该未来规划数据6主要可包括一产量增减规划61、一设备汰换规划62、人数增减规划63及其他因素64等。该产量增减规划61主要可对应至该建筑物未来的设备使用率。举例来说,若该建筑物为工厂,则若明年度的产量增加/减少,该建筑物明年度的设备使用率将会提高/降低,因此,该数据预测模块21可将设备现在的使用率(依据该设备启用状况数据316)和未来的使用率(依据该产量增减规划61)进行对比,并且做为预测的参数之一Referring to FIG. 4 , it is a schematic diagram of future planning data according to the first specific embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the future planning data 6 in this embodiment mainly includes a production increase/decrease plan 61 , an equipment replacement plan 62 , headcount increase/decrease plan 63 and other factors 64 . The production increase/decrease plan 61 mainly corresponds to the future equipment utilization rate of the building. For example, if the building is a factory, if the output of the next year increases/decreases, the equipment utilization rate of the building next year will increase/decrease. Therefore, the data forecasting module 21 can use the current equipment utilization rate (according to the equipment activation status data 316) and the future utilization rate (according to the production increase and decrease plan 61) are compared, and as one of the parameters of prediction
。.
该设备汰换规划62主要可对应至该建筑物未来的设备数量及设备效能。举例来说,若该工厂明年度添购/报废了多设备,则该工厂明年度的设备数量将会增加/减少,因此,该数据预测模块21可将设备现在的数量(依据该设备启用状况数据316)和未来的数量(依据该设备汰换规划62)进行对比,并且做为预测的参数之一。再者,若该工厂明年度将多台低效能的设备汰换为高效能的设备,则该工厂明年度的设备效能将会提高,因此,该数据预测模块21可将设备现在的效能和未来的效能进行对比,并且做为预测的参数之一The equipment replacement plan 62 mainly corresponds to the future equipment quantity and equipment performance of the building. For example, if the factory purchases/discards multiple devices next year, the number of devices in the factory will increase/decrease next year. Therefore, the data forecasting module 21 can calculate the current number of devices (according to the status of the device in use) Data 316) is compared with the future quantity (according to the equipment replacement plan 62), and used as one of the predicted parameters. Furthermore, if the factory replaces multiple low-efficiency equipment with high-efficiency equipment next year, the equipment efficiency of the factory will increase next year. Therefore, the data prediction module 21 can compare the current performance and future performance of the equipment. The effectiveness of the comparison, and as one of the parameters of the prediction
。.
该人数增减规划63主要可对应至该建筑物未来的总人数。举例来说,若该工厂明年将增加n人/减少m人,则该工厂明年度的总人数将会增加/减少,因此,该数据预测模块21可将设备现在的总人数(依据该人数数据314)和未来的总人数(依据该人数增减规划63)进行对比,并且做为预测的参数之一。The number increase/decrease plan 63 mainly corresponds to the total number of people in the building in the future. For example, if the factory will increase n people/decrease m people next year, then the total number of people in the factory will increase/decrease next year. Therefore, the data prediction module 21 can use the current total number of people in the equipment (according to the number of people data 314) is compared with the total number of people in the future (according to the number increase or decrease plan 63), and it is used as one of the parameters for prediction.
该其他因素64可例如为未来的温度、湿度等环境因素预报,该数据预测模块21亦可将现在的环境因素(依据该其他信息317)和未来的环境因素(依据该其他因素64)进行对比,并且做为预测的参数之一。然而,以上所述皆仅为本发明的较佳具体实例,不加以限定。The other factors 64 can be, for example, forecasts of future environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and the data prediction module 21 can also compare the current environmental factors (based on the other information 317) with future environmental factors (based on the other factors 64) , and used as one of the prediction parameters. However, the above descriptions are only preferred specific examples of the present invention and are not limited thereto.
综上所述,于本发明的一较佳具体实例中,该数据预测模块21主要可依据该多笔最大需量值313、该多笔人数数据314、该多笔户外温度数据315、该多笔设备启用状况数据316、该多笔其他信息317、该产量增减规划61、该设备汰换规划62、该人数增减规划63及该其他因素64等等参数,共同预测出一或多笔该最大需量预测值7。进而,该契约最佳化模块22再依据该一或多笔最大需量预测值7,计算得出符合该使用者需求8,且对应至一或多个时段的该最佳化契约容量9。To sum up, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data prediction module 21 can mainly be based on the multiple maximum demand values 313, the multiple number of people data 314, the multiple outdoor temperature data 315, the multiple Parameters such as the equipment activation status data 316, the multiple other information 317, the output increase and decrease plan 61, the equipment replacement plan 62, the number of people increase and decrease plan 63, and other factors 64, etc., jointly predict one or more The maximum demand forecast value7. Furthermore, the contract optimization module 22 calculates the optimized contract capacity 9 that meets the user's demand 8 and corresponds to one or more time periods based on the one or more predicted maximum demand values 7 .
值得一提的是,各国或地区的电费计算方式并不相同,若某一国或地区采用单一电价而不区分时段,则本发明计算得出符合该使用者需求8的一笔该最佳化契约容量9。反之,若另一国或地区针对电价区分了多个时段(例如中国台湾区分为四个时段),则本发明计算得出符合该使用者需求8,且对应至该四个时段的四笔该最佳化契约容量9。下面列出可代表本发明的一或多笔契约容量最佳化的目标函数:It is worth mentioning that the calculation methods of electricity charges in different countries or regions are not the same. If a country or region adopts a single electricity price without distinguishing between time periods, the present invention calculates an optimal sum that meets the needs of the user8. Contract capacity9. Conversely, if another country or region differentiates multiple time periods for electricity prices (for example, Taiwan, China is divided into four time periods), then the present invention calculates that the four time periods that meet the needs of the user8 correspond to the four time periods. Optimizing contract capacity9. The following list may represent the objective function of one or more contract capacity optimizations of the present invention:
如上述函数所示,其中,xi为第i时段的契约容量;n为一个月份中所区分的时段数(例如若不区分时段,则n为1;若分四个时段,则n为4);yj为第j个月份的基本电费+超约费;m为用来评估最佳化契约容量的月数;z为m个月的总基本电费+总超约费。As shown in the above function, where x i is the contract capacity of the i-th time period; n is the number of time periods in a month (for example, if there is no time period, then n is 1; if it is divided into four time periods, then n is 4 ); yj is the basic electricity fee + over-contract fee for the jth month; m is the number of months used to evaluate the optimal contract capacity; z is the total basic electricity fee + total over-contract fee for m months.
本发明的主要目的,在于找到一组使得且时段i的超约月数≤C1,其中ci为使用者设定的,在第i时段可接受的最大超约月数。The main purpose of the present invention is to find a set of make And the number of months overdue in time period i≤C 1 , where c i is the maximum number of overdue months acceptable for the i-th time period set by the user.
参阅图5,为本发明的第一具体实施例的最佳化流程图。图5公开了本发明的契约容量最佳化方法。要实现本发明的方法,首先由该数据预测模块21自该数据库3中取得与该建筑物的用电量等相关的该历史数据31(步骤S10)。本实施例中,该历史数据31主要是指该建筑物去年度与用电量等相关的数据,但不加以限定。同时,该数据预测模块21再取得该建筑物的该未来规划数据6(步骤S12)。其中,该未来规划数据6主要可由使用者通过该输入单元4来进行输入,或是经由其他方式预先存储于该数据库3中,不加以限定。并且,本实施例中,该未来规划数据6主要是指该建筑物明年度预计实行的各项营运策略,但不加以限定。Referring to FIG. 5 , it is an optimization flowchart of the first specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 discloses the contract capacity optimization method of the present invention. To implement the method of the present invention, firstly, the data forecasting module 21 obtains the historical data 31 related to the electricity consumption of the building from the database 3 (step S10 ). In this embodiment, the historical data 31 mainly refers to data related to electricity consumption of the building in the past year, but it is not limited thereto. At the same time, the data prediction module 21 obtains the future planning data 6 of the building (step S12). Wherein, the future planning data 6 can mainly be input by the user through the input unit 4 , or be pre-stored in the database 3 in other ways, without limitation. Moreover, in this embodiment, the future planning data 6 mainly refers to various operating strategies expected to be implemented by the building next year, but it is not limited thereto.
接着,该数据预测模块21可依据该历史数据31及该未来规划数据6,预测该建筑物明年度每个月份中不同时段的该最大需量预测值7。更具体而言,若该历史数据31中包含了多笔的该最大需量值313,则该处理单元2可依据该历史数据31的该日期311与该时间312,将该多笔最大需量值313分别对应至过去各个月份中的各种时段(步骤S14)。藉此,该数据预测模块21可以预测出多笔的该最大需量预测值7,其中该多笔最大需量预测值7分别对应至该建筑物未来各个月份中的各种时段(步骤S16)。Next, the data prediction module 21 can predict the maximum demand forecast value 7 of the building in different time periods in each month of the next year according to the historical data 31 and the future planning data 6 . More specifically, if the historical data 31 includes multiple maximum demand values 313, the processing unit 2 can calculate the multiple maximum demand values according to the date 311 and the time 312 of the historical data 31. The values 313 respectively correspond to various periods in the past months (step S14 ). Thereby, the data prediction module 21 can predict a plurality of the maximum demand forecast values 7, wherein the multiple maximum demand forecast values 7 respectively correspond to various time periods in each future month of the building (step S16) .
该数据预测模块21预测出一或多笔该最大需量预测值7后,将该一或多笔最大需量预测值7传送给该契约最佳化模块22。借以,该契约最佳化模块22可在接收外部输入的该使用者需求8后,依据该一或多笔最大需量预测值7,计算出符合该使用者需求8且对应不同时段的该最佳化契约容量9。After the data forecasting module 21 predicts one or more items of the maximum demand forecast value 7 , it sends the one or more items of the maximum demand forecast value 7 to the contract optimization module 22 . Thereby, the contract optimization module 22 can calculate the maximum demand that meets the user demand 8 and corresponds to different time periods according to the one or more predicted maximum demand values 7 after receiving the externally input user demand 8 . Optimal contract capacity9.
更具体而言,该契约最佳化模块22可先判断是否有收到外部输入的该使用者需求8(步骤S18),若没有收到该使用者需求8,则该契约最佳化模块22直接依据该一多笔最大需量预测值7,计算产生一或多笔该最佳化契约容量9(步骤S20)。反之,若有收到该使用者需求8,则该契约最佳化模块22依据该一或多笔最大需量预测值7,计算产生符合该使用者需求8的一或多笔该最佳化契约容量9(步骤S22)。最后,该系统1通过该输出单元5输出或显示该一或多笔最佳化契约容量9(步骤S24)。More specifically, the contract optimization module 22 can first judge whether there is the user demand 8 received from the external input (step S18), if the user demand 8 is not received, the contract optimization module 22 Calculating and generating one or more optimized contract capacities 9 directly based on the plurality of predicted maximum demand values 7 (step S20). Conversely, if the user demand 8 is received, the contract optimization module 22 calculates and generates one or more optimized orders that meet the user demand 8 based on the one or more maximum demand forecast values 7 Contract capacity 9 (step S22). Finally, the system 1 outputs or displays the one or more optimized contract volumes 9 through the output unit 5 (step S24).
参阅图6,为本发明的第二具体实施例的最佳化架构示意图。如前文中所述,该数据库3中的该历史数据31,主要可分别对应至过去的各个月中的各种时段,该数据预测模块21可依据各种时段的该历史数据31,配合该未来规划数据6,分别预测出未来各种时段的最大需量预测值7。Referring to FIG. 6 , it is a schematic diagram of an optimized architecture of a second specific embodiment of the present invention. As mentioned above, the historical data 31 in the database 3 can mainly correspond to various periods in the past months, and the data forecasting module 21 can cooperate with the future according to the historical data 31 of various periods. The planning data 6 respectively predicts the maximum demand forecast value 7 in various time periods in the future.
以图6所示者为例,该数据库3中记录了该建筑物的第一时段历史数据31A、第二时段历史数据31B、第三时段历史数据31C…等,其中,该第一时段历史数据31A包含过去某月份的第一时段的该最大需量值313、该人数数据314、该户外温度数据315、该设备启用状况数据316及该其他信息317等数据;该第二时段历史数据31B包含过去某月份的第二时段的该最大需量值313、该人数数据314、该户外温度数据315、该设备启用状况数据316及该其他信息317等数据,以此类推。Taking the one shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the database 3 records the historical data 31A of the first time period, the historical data 31B of the second time period, the historical data 31C of the third time period of the building, etc., wherein the historical data of the first time period 31A includes data such as the maximum demand value 313, the number of people data 314, the outdoor temperature data 315, the equipment activation status data 316, and the other information 317 in the first period of a certain month in the past; the second period historical data 31B includes Data such as the maximum demand value 313 , the number of people data 314 , the outdoor temperature data 315 , the equipment activation status data 316 and the other information 317 in the second period of a past month, and so on.
同时,该数据预测模块21可经由该输入单元4接收该未来规划数据6,藉此,与该些历史数据31A、31B、31C共同预测出多笔的该最大需量预测值7。本实施例中,该数据预测模块21可分别预测出一第一时段最大需量预测值71、一第二时段最大需量预测值72、一第三时段最大需量预测值73。其中,该第一时段最大需量预测值71对应至明年度某月份的第一时段;该第二时段最大需量预测值72对应至明年度某月份的第二时段,以此类推。下述表2揭示了该最大需量预测值7的实施范例:At the same time, the data forecasting module 21 can receive the future planning data 6 through the input unit 4 , thereby predicting a plurality of maximum demand forecast values 7 together with the historical data 31A, 31B, and 31C. In this embodiment, the data prediction module 21 can respectively predict a maximum demand forecast value 71 in the first period, a maximum demand forecast value 72 in the second period, and a maximum demand forecast value 73 in the third period. Wherein, the maximum demand forecast value 71 of the first period corresponds to the first period of a certain month in the next year; the maximum demand forecast value 72 of the second period corresponds to the second period of a certain month in the next year, and so on. Table 2 below reveals an example implementation of this maximum demand forecast 7:
表2Table 2
如上表2所示,本实施例中,该第一时段最大需量预测值71主要可对应至明年度各个月份的尖峰时段;该第二时段最大需量预测值72主要可对应至明年度各个月份的周六半尖峰时段;而该第三时段最大需量预测值73主要可对应至明年度各个月份的离峰时段。然而,每个国家或地区计算电费的方式不同,若特定国家或地区没有对时段进行区分,则该数据库3可以仅记录过去一个年度12个月份的历史数据,并且该数据预测模块21用于预测明年度12个月份的最大需量预测值,而不需将该历史数据31以及该最大需量预测值7依据日期、时间区分成多种时段。由此可看出,本发明的系统与方法实可广泛运用于各个电费计算方式皆不相同的国家或地区之中。As shown in Table 2 above, in this embodiment, the maximum demand forecast value 71 in the first period can mainly correspond to the peak hours of each month in the next year; the maximum demand forecast value 72 in the second period can mainly correspond to the peak periods in each month in the next year. The half-peak period on Saturday of the month; and the maximum demand forecast value 73 in the third period can mainly correspond to the off-peak period of each month in the next year. However, each country or region calculates electricity in a different way. If a specific country or region does not distinguish between time periods, then the database 3 can only record the historical data of 12 months in the past year, and the data forecasting module 21 is used for forecasting The maximum demand forecast value for the 12 months of next year does not need to divide the historical data 31 and the maximum demand forecast value 7 into multiple time periods according to date and time. It can be seen from this that the system and method of the present invention can be widely used in countries or regions with different calculation methods of electricity charges.
最后,该契约最佳化模块22可以接收该数据预测模块21预测得出的一或多笔该最大需量预测值71-73,并且经计算后,得出符合该使用者需求8的一或多笔该最佳化契约容量9。更具体而言,若该数据预测模块21仅预测一个种类的最大需量预测值(即,没有区分时段),则该契约最佳化模块22最后仅会计算得出一笔该最佳化契约容量9。然而,若该数据预测模块21分别预测多种时段的最大需量预测值,则该契约最佳化模块22最后将会计算得出多笔该最佳化契约容量9,并且,该多笔最佳化契约容量9分别适用于各个时段的契约。例如,若该数据预测模块21的预测结果如表2中所示者,则该契约最佳化模块22最后将会计算得出三笔该最佳化契约容量9,其中,第一笔最佳化契约容量适用于明年度尖峰时段的契约、第二笔最佳化契约容量适用于明年度周六半尖峰时段的契约而第三笔最佳化契约容量适用于明年度离峰时段的契约。并且,此三笔最佳化契约容量9在符合使用者需求条件下,可使得未来一段时间的总基本电费为最低。然而,以上所述皆仅为本发明的较佳具体实例,并不加以限定。Finally, the contract optimization module 22 can receive one or more of the maximum demand forecast values 71-73 predicted by the data forecast module 21, and after calculation, one or more items that meet the user demand 8 can be obtained. Multiple sums of the optimized contract capacity9. More specifically, if the data prediction module 21 only predicts the maximum demand forecast value of one type (that is, without distinguishing time periods), the contract optimization module 22 will only calculate the optimal contract capacity in the end 9. However, if the data prediction module 21 respectively predicts the maximum demand forecast values in various time periods, the contract optimization module 22 will finally calculate a plurality of the optimized contract capacities 9, and the multiple optimal The contract capacity 9 is applicable to the contracts of each time period respectively. For example, if the prediction result of the data prediction module 21 is as shown in Table 2, the contract optimization module 22 will finally calculate three optimized contract capacities 9, wherein the first optimized The contracted capacity is applicable to the contract during the peak period of next year, the second optimal contract capacity is applicable to the contract during the half peak period on Saturday next year, and the third optimized contract capacity is applicable to the contract during the off-peak period of the next year. Moreover, these three optimized contract capacities 9 can make the total basic electricity charge for a certain period of time in the future be the lowest under the condition of meeting the user's demand. However, the above descriptions are only preferred specific examples of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳具体实例,非因此即局限本发明的范围,故举凡运用本发明内容所为的等效变化,均同理皆包含于本发明的权利要求所保护的范围内,合予陈明。The above descriptions are only preferred specific examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made by using the content of the present invention are all included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. Inside, together with Chen Ming.
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