CN104749083A - Constant head saturated infiltration instrument capable of automatically supplementing water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a constant head saturated infiltration instrument capable of automatically supplementing water, and belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment. The constant head saturated infiltration instrument capable of automatically supplementing water comprises a water tube b, wherein one end of the water tube b is connected with a water source supply device; the other end of the water tube b is connected with the bottom of a saturated infiltration container; a pressure induction device capable of inducing and adjusting the internal pressure of the water source supply device is further installed on the water tube b. The constant head saturated infiltration instrument capable of automatically supplementing water, disclosed by the invention, achieves the function of automatically supplementing a water source through a Markov bottle principle, a hydraulics principle and a pressure induction device, and effectively solves the problem of low accuracy of an experimental result caused by the fact that the existing constant head saturated infiltration instrument is liable to generate high errors by manually observing a water level and manually supplementing a water source.

Description

Constant head saturated osmometer with automatic water replenishment

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment, and in particular relates to a constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatic water replenishment.

Background technique

Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity is one of the important physical properties of soil. It is an important soil parameter for calculating the flux of water in the soil profile and designing irrigation and drainage system engineering. It is also an important parameter in the hydrological model. Whether it is accurate or not seriously affect the accuracy of the model. Generally, there are two kinds of indoor experiment methods, constant head infiltration experiment and variable head infiltration experiment. The variable head type infiltration test is suitable for soil with low permeability, such as clay soil; the constant head type infiltration test is suitable for soil with high permeability, such as: silt, silt loam, sandy loam, sandy soil, etc., and its scope of application more extensive.

The constant head penetration test is a method to keep the water head constant during the whole experiment process, generally the water head is not more than 2m. At present, for the constant water head type permeameter, fill the water tank to an appropriate water level, and use the principle of the connector to read the water level change of the tank by observing the pipe connected to the tank on the instrument and with a scale. When the water level does not meet the experimental requirements When the water source is replenished artificially. In this process, it is necessary to judge the water level by observing the scale with the naked eye, which will cause a certain error; and in the process of artificially replenishing the water source, it is necessary to observe the scale while replenishing the water source, which will also cause a certain error; in addition, when replenishing the water source The artificial addition operation in the process will cause large fluctuations in the water level, making the water head change drastically. Moreover, the reaction time and operation process of people will be delayed for more time, which will cause greater errors in the experiment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a constant head saturated osmometer capable of automatic water replenishment, which solves the problem that the existing constant head osmometer easily produces large errors through manual observation of the water level and manual replenishment of water sources, resulting in low accuracy of experimental results.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a constant water head saturated permeameter that can automatically replenish water, including a water pipe b, one end of the water pipe b is connected to the water source supply device, the other end of the water pipe b is connected to the bottom of the saturated infiltration container, and the water pipe b is connected to the bottom of the saturated infiltration container. A pressure sensing device capable of sensing and adjusting the internal water pressure of the water supply device is installed.

The feature of the constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatically replenishing water in the present invention is also:

The water source supply device is composed of a Marseok bottle and a water tank connected below the Marseok bottle. The upper end of the Marseok bottle is provided with a water injection port, which is sealed by a rubber stopper. An air pressure regulating valve is installed on the outside of the Marseok bottle. The bottom is provided with a water outlet a, and a water pipe a leading to the water tank is connected between the water outlet a and the water tank, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the water pipe a between the bottom of the Martens jar and the top of the water tank.

The four corners of the bottom of the Martens bottle are respectively equipped with a support rod, and the four corners of the upper end of the water tank are respectively equipped with a card slot, and the card slot is used for docking with the four corners of the bottom of the Martens bottle.

There is a buffer tank inside the water tank, two of the opposite surfaces of the buffer tank are fixed to the water tank, and the outer tops of the other two opposite surfaces are provided with triangular weirs, the bottom of the triangular weir is connected with a drainage plate, and the water pipe a leads into the buffer tank Inside, the bottom of the water tank is provided with a water outlet b, and the water outlet b is connected with one end of the water pipe b.

The angle between the triangular weir and the drainage plate is 150°+/-2°.

The pressure sensing device includes a component box installed on the water pipe b. A digital pressure sensor and a storage battery for supplying power to the component box are installed inside the component box. A switch button and a power interface for charging the battery are installed outside the component box; the digital display pressure The sensor is connected with the electromagnetic valve through the electric wire; the switch a is also arranged on the water pipe b, and the switch a is located between the element box and the saturated permeation container.

The digital display pressure sensor is a digital display pressure sensor with the model number MD-S800 or QYK104 or BD-802K.

A water outlet pipe is installed outside the saturated infiltration container, and a switch b is installed on the water outlet pipe. An exhaust pipe is connected to the bottom of the saturated infiltration container. The exhaust pipe communicates with the water pipe b, and a switch c is arranged on the exhaust pipe.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the constant water head saturated osmometer that can automatically replenish water of the present invention can achieve the function of automatically replenishing the water source through the principle of the Martens bottle, the principle of hydraulics and the pressure sensing device, and effectively solves the problem of the existing constant head osmometer. By manually observing the water level and manually replenishing the water source, large errors are likely to occur, which leads to the problem of low accuracy of the experimental results.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a constant head saturated osmometer capable of automatically replenishing water according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Water source supply device, 2. Martens bottle, 3. Air pressure regulating valve, 4. Strut, 5. Water pipe a, 6. Card slot, 7. Drainage plate, 8. Water outlet b, 9. Rubber Plug, 10. Water injection port, 11. Water outlet a, 12. Solenoid valve, 13. Triangular weir, 14. Buffer tank, 15. Water tank, 16. Water pipe b, 17. Electric wire, 18. Component box, 19. Digital display Type pressure sensor, 20. Switch button, 21. Battery, 22. Power interface, 23. Switch a, 24. Saturated permeation container, 25. Switch b, 26. Outlet pipe, 27. Switch c, 28. Exhaust pipe.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatic replenishment of water of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprises a water source supply device 1, and the water source supply device 1 is made up of a Martens bottle 2 and a water tank 15, and the four corners of the bottom of the Martens bottle 2 are respectively installed with a The pole 4, the Marseille bottle 2 is connected with the water tank 15 through the pole 4; the upper end of the Marseille bottle 2 is provided with a water injection port 10, and the water injection port 10 is sealed by a rubber stopper 9; 3. The bottom of Marlboozer 2 is provided with water outlet a11, is connected with the water pipe a5 that leads to water tank 15 between water outlet a11 and water tank 15, is positioned at the bottom of Martens bottle 2 and the top of water tank 15 on the water pipe a5 and is provided with electromagnetic valve 12. The inside of the water tank 15 is provided with a buffer tank 14, two of the opposite surfaces of the buffer tank 14 are fixedly connected to the water tank 15, and the outer tops of the other two opposite surfaces are provided with a triangular weir 13, and the bottom of the triangular weir 13 is connected with a drainage plate 7 , and the angle between the triangular weir 13 and the drainage plate 7 is 150°+/-2°. The above-mentioned water pipe a5 leads into the inside of the buffer tank 14 . The four corners of the upper end of the water tank 15 are respectively equipped with a card slot 6, and the card slot 6 is used for docking with the support rods 4 at the four corners of the bottom of the Martens jar 2; the bottom of the water tank 15 is provided with a water outlet b8, and the water outlet b8 is connected to one end of the water pipe b16, and the water pipe b16 The other end is connected to the bottom of the saturated permeation container 24, the element box 18 is arranged on the water pipe b16, and the switch a23 is also arranged on the water pipe b16, and the switch a23 is located between the element box 18 and the saturated permeation container 24. A switch button 20 and a power interface 22 are installed on the outside of the component box 18. A digital display pressure sensor 19 and a battery 21 are installed inside the component box 18. The battery 21 provides power to the component box 18, and the battery 21 can be charged through the power interface 22. The digital display pressure sensor 19 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 12 through the electric wire 17, and the model of the digital display type pressure sensor 19 is MD-S800 or QYK104 or BD-802K. A water outlet pipe 26 is installed outside the saturated infiltration container 24, a switch b25 is installed on the water outlet pipe 26, and an exhaust pipe 28 is connected to the bottom of the saturated infiltration container 24, the exhaust pipe 28 communicates with the water pipe b16, and the exhaust pipe 28 is set There is switch c27.

When in use, first turn off the switch a23, switch b25 and switch c27, and press the switch button 20 to activate the digital display pressure sensor 19 in the component box 18, then adjust the digital display pressure sensor 19 to set the required pressure value, The set pressure value is displayed on the display screen of the digital display pressure sensor 19; in the second step, the support rod 4 is removed from the draw-in groove 6, so that the Martens bottle 2 is separated from the water tank 15; Fill the buffer tank 14 with water. After the buffer tank 14 is filled with water, the water overflows to the bottom of the water tank 15, then flows into the water pipe b16 through the water outlet b8 and then flows to the digital display pressure sensor 19. Observe the digital display pressure sensor 19 Display screen, the actual pressure value will be displayed on the display screen. When the difference between the actual pressure value and the previously set pressure value is less than 9.8Pa, stop water injection; The water tanks 15 are connected, the rubber stopper 9 is pulled out from the water injection port 10, and water is injected into the Marseille bottle 2 from the water injection port 10. During the water injection process, the pressure will reach the set value. When the Marseille bottle 2 is filled with water, Block the water injection port 10 with a rubber stopper 9. The third step is to put the sample into the saturated infiltration container 24, then turn on the switch a23, and then turn on the switch c27, and fully exhaust the air at the bottom of the saturated infiltration container 24 through the exhaust pipe 28 until no air bubbles are entrained in the water and overflow; then Turn off the switch c27, turn on the switch b25, and keep the switch a23 in the open state, under the action of a water head not greater than 2m, let it stand for a period of time, and start the measurement after water overflows from the outlet pipe 26.

During the measurement process, as the water inside the water tank 15 continuously flows out, the water level inside the water tank 15 will drop, and the pressure value applied to it when the water passes through the digital display pressure sensor 19 will become smaller. When the ratio difference is greater than 9.8 Pa, the relay of the digital display pressure sensor 19 transmits a signal to the solenoid valve 12 through the wire 17, the solenoid valve 12 is opened, and the water flows out from the water outlet a11 at the bottom of the martensitic bottle 2 at a constant speed, which can be adjusted by The air pressure regulating valve 3 on the outside of the Martens bottle 2 controls the flow rate. Water flows into the buffer tank 14 through the water pipe a5. When the water in the buffer tank 14 is full, it will flow into the drainage plate 7 through the triangular weir 13, and then It flows into the water tank 15 through the diversion plate 7, and then realizes replenishing water for the water tank 15 so that its water pressure reaches a set value.

The use of the martensitic bottle 2 can ensure a constant flow rate of the water flow, and the buffer tank 14 can buffer the water volume so as to ensure that the water flow smoothly overflows from the triangular weir 13, avoiding large fluctuations in the water flow and affecting the accuracy of the experimental results. The water flow is slowly flowed into the water tank along the side wall of the water tank through the deflector 7, also in order to ensure the stability of the water head. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatic replenishment of water of the present invention can realize the function of automatic replenishment of water source, and at the same time can ensure the stability of the water head, so that the experimental results are more accurate and reliable.

Claims (8)

1. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatic replenishment is characterized in that it comprises a water pipe b (16), one end of the water pipe b (16) is connected to the water source supply device (1), and the other end of the water pipe b (16) is connected to the saturated infiltration container The bottoms of (24) are connected, and a pressure sensing device capable of sensing and adjusting the internal water pressure of the water supply device (1) is also installed on the water pipe b (16). 2. the constant water head saturated osmometer that can automatically replenish water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described water supply device (1) is connected by the water tank ( 15) Composition, the upper end of the Martens bottle (2) is provided with a water injection port (10), and the water injection port (10) is sealed by a rubber stopper (9), and an air pressure regulating valve (3) is installed on the outside of the Martens bottle (2) , the bottom of the Martens jar (2) is provided with a water outlet a (11), and a water pipe a (5) leading to the water tank (15) is connected between the water outlet a (11) and the water tank (15), and the water pipe a ( 5) An electromagnetic valve (12) is arranged between the bottom of the Marsh bottle (2) and the top of the water tank (15). 3. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatically replenishing water according to claim 2 is characterized in that, a support rod (4) is respectively installed at the four corners of the bottom of the Marsh bottle (2), and the water tank (15) A card slot (6) is respectively installed at the four corners of the upper end of the bottle, and the card slot (6) is used for docking with the four corners of the bottom of the Martens bottle (2). 4. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatically replenishing water according to claim 2 is characterized in that a buffer tank (14) is provided inside the water tank (15), and two opposite surfaces of the buffer tank (14) It is fixedly connected with the water tank (15), and the outer tops of the other two opposite surfaces are provided with triangular weirs (13), and the bottom of the triangular weirs (13) is connected with a drainage plate (7), and the water pipe a (5) leads into the buffer Inside the tank (14), the bottom of the water tank (15) is provided with a water outlet b (8), and the water outlet b (8) is connected to one end of the water pipe b (16). 5. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatic replenishment according to claim 4, characterized in that the angle between the triangular weir (13) and the drainage plate (7) is 150°+/-2°. 6. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatically replenishing water according to claim 2, characterized in that, said pressure sensing device comprises an element box (18) installed on the water pipe b (16), an element box (18) A digital display pressure sensor (19) and a storage battery (21) for supplying power to the component box (18) are installed inside, and a switch button (20) and a power interface (22) for charging the storage battery (21) are installed outside the component box (18) ); the digital pressure sensor (19) is connected to the electromagnetic valve (12) by the electric wire (17); the water pipe b (16) is also provided with a switch a (23), and the switch a (23) is located in the element box (18 ) and saturated osmotic container (24). 7. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatically replenishing water according to claim 6, characterized in that said digital display pressure sensor (19) is a digital display pressure sensor (19) whose model is MD-S800 or QYK104 or BD-802K Pressure Sensor. 8. The constant water head saturated osmometer capable of automatically replenishing water according to claim 2, characterized in that an outlet pipe (26) is installed outside the saturated infiltration container (24), and a switch b is installed on the outlet pipe (26) (25), the bottom of the saturated infiltration container (24) is also connected with an exhaust pipe (28), and the exhaust pipe (28) communicates with the water pipe b (16), and the exhaust pipe (28) is provided with a switch c (27).