CN104740776B - Self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator, which has a heart rhythm monitoring part, a pulse generator, a stimulating electrode and a power generation part. The power generation part includes a power generation main body, an output unit, an electric energy storage unit, a fixing unit and an encapsulation layer. Among them, the power generating body is a multi-layer film structure, including a piezoelectric material layer located in the center of the power generating body, and electrode layers located on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer. The power generating body is attached to the surface of the heart to collect heart energy for generating electrical energy. The output unit is connected with the electrode layer and is used for outputting current to the electric energy storage unit. The electrical energy storage unit powers the pulse generator and stimulating electrodes. The fixing unit is located on the edge of the generating body and is used for fixing the generating body on the epicardium. The encapsulation layer covers the surfaces of the generating body, the output unit, the electric energy storage unit and the fixing unit. After implantation, the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention can be used for a lifetime without changing batteries.

Description

self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator

technical field

The invention relates to a ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillator, which belongs to the field of medical equipment.

Background technique

With the deepening of human understanding of various diseases, more and more diseases can be diagnosed or treated with implanted electronic devices.

For patients with severe heart failure with ventricular systolic asynchrony, implantation of a ventricular resynchronization defibrillator can be used for treatment to improve the patient's heart function and relieve the patient's symptoms of heart failure. However, the existing ventricular resynchronization defibrillator implanted in the body uses a battery as a power source, and its service life is 3-6 years. Once the battery is depleted, it needs to be replaced surgically. This will not only cause physical and psychological pain to patients, but also increase the financial burden on patients and their families.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator, which is characterized in that it has a heart rhythm monitoring unit, a pulse generator, stimulating electrodes and a power generation unit. The power generation unit includes a power generation body, an output unit, an electric energy storage unit, a fixing unit and an encapsulation layer. Among them, the power generating body is a multi-layer film structure, including a piezoelectric material layer located in the center of the power generating body, and electrode layers located on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer. The power generating body is attached to the surface of the heart to collect heart energy for generating electrical energy. The output unit is connected with the electrode layer, and is used for outputting the current generated by the power generating body to the electric energy storage unit. The electrical energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy and power the pulse generator and stimulating electrodes. The fixing unit is located on the edge of the generating body and is used for fixing the generating body on the epicardium. The encapsulation layer covers the surfaces of the generating body, the output unit, the electric energy storage unit and the fixing unit.

In addition, the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the shape of the generating body is a quadrangle, and the fixing unit is located in the middle of the two narrow sides of the quadrangle.

In addition, the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the shape of the generating body is a triangle, and the fixing unit is located at the three vertices of the triangle.

In addition, in the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention, it may also have such a feature: wherein, the shape of the generating body is oval.

In addition, in the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention, it can also have such a feature: wherein, the piezoelectric material layer contains nanoscale piezoelectric materials, and the nanoscale piezoelectric materials are piezoelectric crystals, piezoelectric Any of ceramics and organic piezoelectric polymers.

In addition, the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the piezoelectric crystal is at least one layer of zinc oxide nanowire array.

In addition, in the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention, it can also have such a feature: wherein, piezoelectric crystals, piezoelectric ceramics, and organic piezoelectric polymers can be monolayers of nanoscale piezoelectric materials or multi-layer structure.

In addition, in the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention, it may also have such a feature: wherein, the output unit has an output electrode and a rectification filter circuit.

In addition, the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the encapsulation layer uses a flexible polymer insulation material with good biocompatibility as the encapsulation material.

Function and Effect of Invention

According to the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention, since the power generating body is directly attached to the surface of the heart, it can effectively transform the nano-scale piezoelectric material into electrical energy due to the contraction and relaxation of the heart. Therefore, as long as the heart is beating, the present invention can utilize the patient's own bioenergy to provide electrical energy, avoiding the necessity of using a battery as a power source, and solving the problem of needing surgery to replace the battery after the energy of the battery is exhausted.

In addition, since the power generation main body of the present invention fixes the power generation system on the epicardium in a point-fixed way, on the one hand, it can effectively collect the energy generated by the heart movement, and on the other hand, it will not produce obvious effects on the systolic and diastolic movements of the heart. influences.

Since the present invention uses nanoscale piezoelectric materials as the main body of power generation, it can not only effectively convert bioenergy in the body into electric energy, but also has a small volume and is more suitable for implantation in the body.

In addition, since the present invention is packaged with a flexible polymer insulating material with good biocompatibility, it can not only isolate the power generation body from the internal environment, but also effectively transmit the pressure generated by the heart deformation to the piezoelectric material.

Moreover, since the power generating body of the present invention is located outside the heart and does not come into direct contact with blood, there is no risk of thrombus formation and stroke (myocardial infarction or cerebral infarction).

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a quadrilateral power generating body of a self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the power generating body of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a triangular power generating body of a self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a modified example of the present invention in which the power generating body is an oval; and

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The specific embodiment of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillator of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,

<Example 1>

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram in which the power generating body of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator in Embodiment 1 is a quadrilateral. (not shown in the figure), a pulse generator 17 and a stimulating electrode 18. Wherein, the power generating unit 200 includes a power generating body 21 , an output unit, an electric energy storage unit 16 , a fixing unit 22 and an encapsulation layer. The generating body 21 is rectangular, and has a fixing unit 22 on each of the two narrow sides of the rectangle, which is used to fix the generating body 11 on the epicardium in the long axis direction along the systolic direction. When the power generating body is implanted, the heart is exposed through surgery, the power generating body is set along the direction of heart contraction and the fixing part is sutured on the epicardium, so that the power generating body and the epicardium fit together. At this time, the power generating body It deforms with the beating of the heart.

The fixing unit 22 is composed of an encapsulation layer, and there is no power generation structure such as electrodes or piezoelectric materials inside the fixing unit 22 , so the power generation structure of the power generation body 21 will not be damaged when it is fixed with sutures. Except for being fixed by the fixing unit 22 , the rest of the power generating body 21 is not fixed, so that the power generating body 21 can be better deformed during the systole. Since the generator body adopts a rectangular shape, and the installation direction is consistent with the direction of heart contraction, the mechanical energy generated by heart contraction can be well collected.

The output unit has an output electrode 14 and a rectification and filtering circuit 15. The output electrode 14 is used to output the electric energy generated by the power generation body 21 to the electric energy storage unit 16. Before the electric energy storage unit 16, there is also a rectification and filtering circuit 15 for the output electrode 14. The output current is rectified and filtered. The electrical energy storage unit 16 supplies electrical energy to the pulse generator 17 of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator. The pulse generator 17 electrically stimulates the ventricles through the stimulating electrodes 18 to realize ventricular resynchronization therapy.

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the power generation main body part of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillator of the embodiment of the present invention, the power generation main body 21 is a multi-layer film structure, as shown in Fig. 2, the central layer of the power generation main body 21 is piezoelectric Material layer 31, in the present embodiment, piezoelectric material layer 31 is made up of ZnO nanowire array, the two sides of piezoelectric material layer 31 are respectively electrode layer 32 and electrode layer 33, and electrode layer 32 and electrode layer 33 are respectively connected with output Electrodes 14 are connected (not shown). The encapsulation layer 34 is located outside the electrode layer 32 and the electrode layer 33, and the encapsulation layer 34 has good insulation and biocompatibility.

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5, the power generation main body 21 is connected with the rectification and filtering circuit 15, and the electric energy generated by the power generation main body 21 charges the power storage unit 16 after the rectification and filtering circuit 15, and the power storage unit 16 is used to supply power to electrical appliances, namely the heart rhythm monitoring unit and the pulse generator in this embodiment.

<Example 2>

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator whose power generation part is a triangle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 3 , the power generation main body 12 of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator 11 of the present invention is Triangle, each vertex of the triangle has a fixed unit 13, the output electrode 14 is connected to the electrode layer (see Figure 2), the rectification and filtering circuit 15 is connected to the output electrode 14, and the electric energy storage unit 16 is connected to the rectification and filtering circuit 15 It is then used to store the electrical energy generated by the power generation unit.

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the center layer of generating main body is piezoelectric material layer 31, and piezoelectric material layer 31 is made of ZnO nanowire array Composition, the two sides of piezoelectric material layer 31 are electrode layer 32 and electrode layer 33 respectively, and electrode layer 32 and electrode layer 33 are connected with output electrode 14 respectively. The encapsulation layer 34 is located outside the electrode layer 32 and the electrode layer 33 . In fact, the entire surface of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator 11 is covered with a good insulating encapsulation layer 34. The encapsulation layer 34 can be made of a polymer material, and the encapsulation layer 34 has good biocompatibility. Therefore, when the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator 11 is implanted in the body, it will not cause rejection.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the power generating body 12 is triangular in shape. When it is installed on the epicardium, the power generating body 12 is fixed on the epicardium of the myocardium by using the fixing units 13 located on the three vertices of the triangle. However, each side of the triangle of the power generating body 12 is not fixed, so that the contraction and relaxation of the heart will not be restricted, and the piezoelectric material layer will be deformed with the movement of the heart to generate electric energy.

The advantage of making the power generation body 12 triangular is that it can collect more energy from the beating heart. This is because there are not only horizontal contraction and relaxation during the beating of the heart, but also longitudinal contraction and relaxation. When the triangular shape is adopted, One apex of the triangle is set toward the direction of the apex of the heart, while the other two apexes are set parallel to the direction of the heart's transverse contraction, so whether the heart's transverse contraction or longitudinal contraction can drive the generator body 12 to deform. Therefore, the shape of the triangle can use more energy generated by the beating of the heart than the shape of the quadrilateral.

The fixing unit 13 is formed by extending the encapsulation layer at a corresponding position, and the inside of the fixing unit 13 does not contain piezoelectric material and electrode material, so the piezoelectric material layer and the electrode layer can be avoided from being damaged during sewing.

<Modification>

Compared with the first embodiment, this modified example has the same configuration except that the shape of the generating body is oblong. As shown in Figure 4, the shape of the generating body 42 is oblong, and there are fixed units 41 at the two vertices of the oblong. to reduce damage to the heart.

Certainly, the shape of the power generating body of the self-powered ventricular resynchronization defibrillator of the present invention can be in various shapes, not limited to the triangle, quadrangle and oblong in the above two embodiments.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators, it is characterised in that including：

Monitoring portion for monitoring cardiac electrical activity；

Impulse generator for producing electro photoluminescence；

The stimulating electrode being connected with the impulse generator；And

The Power Generation Section powered for the monitoring portion and impulse generator,

Wherein, the Power Generation Section includes generating main body, output unit, energy storage unit, fixed cell and encapsulated layer,

The generating main body is multi-layer film structure, including positioned at the piezoelectric material layer of the generating main center, and be located at The electrode layer of piezoelectric material layer both sides, the generating main body is used to produce electricity by being attached at heart surface to gather cardiac energy Can,

The output unit is connected with the electrode layer, and the electric current for generating main body to be produced is exported to the power storage Unit,

The energy storage unit is used to store electric energy and powered for the monitoring portion and impulse generator,

The fixed cell is located at the edge of the generating main body, is pasted for generating main body to be fixed along systaltic direction Together in the external membrane of heart,

The encapsulated layer is covered in the generating main body, the output unit, the energy storage unit and the fixed list The surface of member.

2. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the generating main body is shaped as quadrangle, and the centre that the fixed cell is located at two narrow sides of quadrangle makes The generating main body is fixed along the systaltic direction with long axis direction and fits in the external membrane of heart.

3. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the generating main body is shaped as triangle, and three summits that the fixed cell is located at triangle make the hair Two summits of electric main body fit in the external membrane of heart parallelly with the direction of heart cross-direction shrinkage.

4. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the generating main body is shaped as Long Circle, the fixed cell be located at the Long Circle two summits make it is described Generating main body is fixed along the systaltic direction with long axis direction and fits in the external membrane of heart.

5. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the piezoelectric material layer contains nanoscale piezoelectric, and the nanoscale piezoelectric is piezo-electric crystal, piezoelectricity pottery Any one in porcelain and organic piezopolymer.

6. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the piezo-electric crystal is at least one layer of zinc oxide nano-wire array.

7. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the piezo-electric crystal, piezoelectric ceramics, organic piezopolymer can be the single or multiple lift of nanoscale piezoelectric Structure.

8. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, output unit has output electrode and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.

9. self energizing Ventricular resynchronization cardioverter defibrillators as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, the flexible macromolecule insulating materials of the encapsulated layer using good biocompatibility is used as encapsulating material.