CN104730588A - Proton precession magnetic measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system. It includes a deck unit and an underwater unit. The deck unit is installed on the operating mother ship. The underwater unit uses a ballast as an integrated platform. The operating mother ship is connected to the ballast through a photoelectric composite cable and a load-bearing head. The sensor is connected to the magnetometer towfish through a magnetic cable, and the deck unit and the underwater unit are equipped with corresponding optical fiber modules, and the measurement signals between the deck unit and the underwater unit are communicated by optical fiber. The invention can be applied to geophysical mobile observation work in deep sea and seabed, and realizes high-resolution geophysical detection target.

Description

A Deep Sea Towed Proton Precession Magnetic Measurement System

technical field

The invention relates to a deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system in the field of deep-sea submarine geophysical detection technology. It is a detection device capable of carrying out high-precision and high-resolution geomagnetic field strength on the deep-sea bottom, and can detect deep-sea bottom. Obstacles or targets, seabed geomagnetic field change characteristics, belong to the innovative technology of deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system.

Background technique

Marine magnetometric survey is a conventional means of marine geophysical survey. Geomagnetic field measurement can be divided into vector measurement and scalar measurement; among them, scalar measurement generally refers to the measurement of the total field strength of the geomagnetic field, and the scalar value obtained by today's proton precession magnetometer and optical pump magnetometer measurement technology is usually are absolute measurements. Because vector measurement involves technical issues such as power consumption, high-precision attitude correction, measurement drift, and installation of devices, it is not popularized and promoted enough in marine surveys and scientific observations; therefore, marine magnetic surveys generally belong to absolute measurement technologies.

The technical configuration of ordinary marine magnetic survey is: ①Magnetometer deck unit, ②Towing cable and ③Magnetometer sensor tow fish. The supporting equipment is also a release winch for the towing cable. Among them, ①The magnetometer deck unit is composed of the main engine of marine magnetic measurement, the magnetometer interface, and the navigation and positioning interface; ②A tow cable is released behind the survey mother ship, and its length is usually more than three times the length of the mother ship, one of which is connected to The other end of the magnetometer deck unit is connected to the magnetometer towfish; ③ The magnetometer sensor towfish, the pressure resistance is generally only a few MPa, mainly built-in magnetic force measurement equipment, and some equipment is also equipped with pressure sensors. Ocean magnetic surveying can be performed synchronously with other marine geophysical exploration projects, and the towed system usually works on the water surface.

With the advancement and development of science and technology, human scientific investigation and development activities in the deep ocean are becoming more and more frequent, and the ability to improve the development of deep seabed detection technology is facing new challenges. Using conventional marine magnetic surveying technology and methods to conduct magnetic surveys in deep sea areas with a water depth of several thousand meters, there is a long distance between the measurement sensor and the field source, and it is impossible to obtain high-resolution geomagnetic field detection information, and cannot identify the target information on the seabed. and the detailed magnetic layer structure information of the seabed. A proton precession magnetometer is upgraded through technology, and equipped with a special ballast, so that the magnetic measurement near the seabed can be realized. Among them, sinking the equipment into several thousand meters underwater for mobile observation of seabed magnetism faces many problems: the signal transmission of the nearly 10-kilometer-long towed cable, the power supply of instruments and equipment, the positioning of underwater sensors, the problem of sinking Altitude control and monitoring, system integration of magnetometer and other peripheral equipment, jitter of magnetometer measurement value, watertight insulation of various underwater units and connectors, etc. Conventional marine magnetic survey systems cannot meet this requirement.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system in consideration of the above problems. The invention can be applied to geophysical mobile observation work in deep sea and seabed, and realizes high-resolution geophysical detection target.

The technical solution of the present invention is: the deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic measurement system of the present invention includes a deck unit and an underwater unit, wherein the deck unit is installed on the operating mother ship, and the underwater unit uses a ballast as an integrated platform. The working mother ship is connected to the ballast through the photoelectric composite cable and the load-bearing head, and the ballast of the underwater unit is connected to the magnetometer towfish through the magnetic cable. The deck unit and the underwater unit are equipped with corresponding optical fiber modules, and the deck unit and the The measurement signals between underwater units are communicated by way of optical fiber.

The invention applies photoelectric composite cable technology and optical fiber transmission to the deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system. Compared with the coaxial cable transmission mode, it not only ensures the stability and reliability of the system in terms of communication and power supply, In the data path, interference sources are avoided as much as possible, signal noise is reduced, and the influence of the external environment on the accuracy of system measurement results is reduced. In addition, the deep-sea ballast technology used in the present invention not only provides a communication interface for the magnetometer towfish, reflects the integrity of the system in terms of structure and composition, but also provides a technology for mobile observation of the geomagnetic field near the seabed in the deep-sea environment. support. The ballast is a multifunctional underwater towing body, which is integrated with various sensors and auxiliary devices. Among them, the ballast is equipped with a power distribution system to ensure the power supply of the entire system; in addition, as a platform for measuring system integration, the ballast integrates underwater positioning, towed body sinking depth, height from the seabed, etc. In addition, the ballast provides the necessary counterweight for the towfish to sink to the seabed for near-seabed magnetic measurement; the design of the ballast also improves the stability of the towfish during the towing process on the seabed, which is very It greatly reduces the influence of the operating mother ship's swing on the attitude of the towing fish. The present invention uses high-precision underwater positioning technology, combines the GPS navigation signal of the mother ship and the high-precision pressure sensor to indicate the actual geographic location information of the towfish on the seabed, and improves the readability of the mobile observation data of the geomagnetic field near the seabed. Important information essential for data processing. In the present invention, a sea anchor is added to the tail of the magnetometer towfish, and the middle is connected with a universal ring, which reduces the irregular movement of the towfish in the water body, improves the measurement posture of the towfish, reduces the degree of jitter, and improves the reliability of the measurement data. quality. The present invention is a deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic measurement system with ingenious design, excellent performance, convenience and practicality, which can be applied to deep-sea and seabed geophysical mobile observation work, and realizes high-resolution geophysical detection targets.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the proton precession magnetic force measuring system of the deep-sea towed type of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of light and sound signal transmission between the deck unit and the underwater unit of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example:

The structure schematic diagram of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, 2, and the proton precession magnetic force measurement system of deep-sea towed type of the present invention includes deck unit and underwater unit, wherein the deck unit is installed on the operating mother ship 1, and the underwater unit is The ballast 6 is used as an integrated platform, and the mother ship 1 is connected to the ballast 6 through the photoelectric composite cable 2 and the load-bearing head 3, and the ballast 6 of the underwater unit is connected to the magnetometer towfish 10 through the magnetic cable 9, and the deck unit and The underwater units are equipped with corresponding optical fiber modules, and the measurement signals between the deck unit and the underwater unit are communicated by optical fiber for data sending and receiving and coding interpretation. Wherein the magnetic force cable 9 is a special cable for towing fish measurement, and the magnetic force cable 9 needs to keep a certain length.

In this embodiment, the tail of the above-mentioned magnetometer towing fish 10 is also connected with a sea anchor 11, and the sea anchor 11 installed behind the magnetometer towing fish 10 is to ensure that the magnetometer has a certain pulling force during the low-speed towing process, thereby maintaining stability. The attitude of the sea anchor 11 can be used to correct the attitude of the magnetometer towfish 10, so that the measurement data of the magnetometer is stable and the jitter is small. The sea anchor 11 and its rope connected with the magnetometer towfish 10 all adopt non-magnetic materials, which overcome the interference of electromagnetic and ferromagnetic substances in the magnetometer measurement process and ensure the quality of the data.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned ballast 6 is a metal frame with a shroud at the top, and a pressure sensor 5, a magnetometer interface and a power supply are installed in the ballast 6, and the power supply is supplied to the magnetometer interface and the optical fiber module, and the magnetometer The interface is connected with the magnetometer towfish 10, and the pressure sensor 5 and the magnetometer interface are connected with the optical fiber module supporting the underwater unit.

In this embodiment, ballast lead weights with increased weight are also installed in the above-mentioned ballast device 6 .

In this embodiment, two pressure-resistant sealed cabins are installed in the above-mentioned ballast vessel 6 , which are the first pressure-resistant sealed cabin 7 and the second pressure-resistant sealed cabin 8 .

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned first pressure-resistant sealed cabin 7 has a built-in power transformer; the second pressure-resistant sealed cabin 8 is the interface part of the entire measurement system.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned deck unit is also equipped with a towing body height monitoring computer responsible for monitoring the state of the underwater unit, a magnetometer acquisition computer responsible for collecting magnetic force measurements, a navigation computer providing mothership navigation and positioning, and a power supply. The magnetometer acquisition computer is connected, and the magnetometer acquisition computer and towed body height monitoring computer are connected to the supporting optical fiber module of the deck unit.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned deck unit is also equipped with an underwater positioning system, and the underwater unit is also equipped with an underwater locator, and the underwater positioning system installed on the deck unit and the underwater locator installed on the underwater unit pass through Communicate acoustically.

In this embodiment, the underwater locator installed in the above-mentioned underwater unit is a positioning beacon 4 . The positioning beacon 4 mainly realizes the positioning of the ballast 6 on the seabed.

In this embodiment, watertight and pressure-resistant connectors are used for power supply and communication between the above two pressure-resistant sealed cabins, and between the pressure-resistant sealed cabin and various devices. The pressure-resistant sealing capacity of equipment, cables, cable connectors and pressure-resistant sealed cabins all exceed the technical requirements for water depths of 6,000 meters, ensuring the reliability of the equipment.

The function of the first pressure-resistant sealed cabin 7 where the power supply transformer is installed is: the high-voltage electricity delivered by the cable end power supply equipment of the mother ship through the 10,000-meter photoelectric composite cable is turned into a 24VDC power supply by a transformer to supply power for the underwater equipment. The transformer and the metal pressure-resistant sealed cabin are isolated with insulating materials to ensure the safety of the equipment.

The interface part includes a stabilized power supply of high-quality DC power supply for various underwater equipment, a magnetometer interface, and a photoelectric converter transmitting module. Filtering becomes a stable DC power supply, which supplies power to the underwater positioning beacon, pressure sensor, magnetometer and photoelectric converter; ②Connect the signal control line of the underwater positioning beacon and the photoelectric converter to transmit and receive the launch command; ③Connect to the pressure sensor The signal line and the photoelectric converter are used to send the measured value to the deck of the mother ship; ④ Connect the photoelectric converter and the magnetometer interface, and the magnetometer interface is connected to the magnetometer towfish through the magnetometer cable, and then the submarine magnetic measurement value is sent to Mothership deck.

In summary, the present invention provides a new research and development idea for carrying out deep-sea submarine magnetic surveying in view of some working characteristics and technical problems to be solved of special equipment for deep towing in marine survey equipment. The specific measures are: ①The equipment transmits the magnetic measurement, the control signal of the instrument and the power transmission of the underwater equipment through a photoelectric composite cable; Technical issues; ③Design a special underwater tow body as the ballast of the deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic measurement system. On the one hand, it solves the problem of equipment installation and integration, and on the other hand, it improves the attitude and position control of the detection system in the water body. ; ④Provide high-quality DC power supply for underwater equipment through an underwater transformer and rectifier power supply; ⑤Integrate an acoustic beacon of an underwater positioning system and a high-precision pressure sensor to indicate the spatial position of the towed system in the water body ; ⑥Use a pair of multi-channel photoelectric converters (one on the deck and the other in the underwater sealed cabin) to solve the transmission problem of 10 kilometers of optical signals; ⑦Through the upgrade of a magnetometer interface, solve the underwater magnetic ⑧Install a sea anchor at the tail of the magnetometer towing fish to improve the attitude of the towing system, reduce the jitter of the measured value and improve the quality of the measured signal.

The above implementation examples are used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, any amendments and changes made to the present invention will fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system, characterized in that it includes a deck unit and an underwater unit, wherein the deck unit is installed on the operating mother ship, and the underwater unit uses a ballast as an integrated platform, and the operating mother ship passes The photoelectric composite cable and the load-bearing head are connected to the ballast. The ballast of the underwater unit is connected to the magnetometer towfish through a magnetic cable. The deck unit and the underwater unit are equipped with corresponding optical fiber modules. The deck unit and the underwater unit The measurement signals between them are communicated by means of optical fiber. 2. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tail of the magnetometer towed fish is also connected with a sea anchor. 3. The deep sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that the above-mentioned ballast is a metal frame with a top as a shroud, and a pressure sensor and a magnetometer interface are installed in the ballast And the power supply, the power supply is supplied to the magnetometer interface and the optical fiber module, the magnetometer interface is connected to the magnetometer towfish, and the pressure sensor and the magnetometer interface are connected to the optical fiber module supporting the underwater unit. 4. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that a ballast lead block with increased weight is also installed in the ballast vessel. 5. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that two pressure-resistant sealed cabins are also installed in the above-mentioned ballast, which are respectively the first pressure-resistant sealed cabin and the second pressure-resistant sealed cabin. Compress the airtight compartment. 6. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic measurement system according to claim 5, characterized in that the first pressure-resistant sealed cabin has a built-in power transformer; the second pressure-resistant sealed cabin is the interface part of the entire measurement system. 7. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system according to claim 6, characterized in that the power supply and communication between the two pressure-resistant sealed cabins, and between the pressure-resistant sealed cabin and each device are all watertight and durable. Press the connector. 8. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the above-mentioned deck unit is also equipped with a towing body height monitoring computer responsible for underwater unit state monitoring, responsible for collecting The magnetometer acquisition computer for the magnetic force measurement value, the navigation computer that provides the navigation and positioning of the mother ship and the power supply, the navigation computer is connected with the magnetometer acquisition computer, the magnetometer acquisition computer and the towing body height monitoring computer are connected with the optical fiber module supporting the deck unit. 9. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic force measurement system according to claim 8, wherein the above-mentioned deck unit is also equipped with an underwater positioning system, the underwater unit is also equipped with an underwater locator, and the deck unit is equipped with an underwater positioning system. The underwater positioning system installed in the underwater unit communicates with the underwater locator installed in the underwater unit through an acoustic method. 10. The deep-sea towed proton precession magnetic measurement system according to claim 9, characterized in that the underwater locator installed in the underwater unit is a positioning beacon.