CN104724899B - Energy conservation and environmental protection devitrified glass production method and devitrified glass melting furnaces - Google Patents
Energy conservation and environmental protection devitrified glass production method and devitrified glass melting furnaces Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 279
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004814 ceramic processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种节能环保微晶玻璃生产方法及微晶玻璃熔窑，为解决现有技术能耗高问题，其利用长方形熔窑的两短边配置小炉或者燃烧器及配有换向器的蓄热室产生的定时换向的长径纵向火焰进行熔化加热，通过在熔化池长边中部设置的取料口向微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备供玻璃液；采用强保温的熔化池底；通过在熔化池中部设置二道横向间隔墙来阻挡玻璃液直接流向熔化池中部和位于横向间隔墙下面联通横向间隔墙两侧池底玻璃液流的流液洞用于将玻璃液导向熔化池中部，二道横向间隔墙将玻璃液中的浮渣阻挡在位于横向间隔墙阻外侧的熔化区内；在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端配置端置加料口，延长取料口与加料口之间的距离。其具有提高火焰利用率，减少粉尘污染，延长熔窑使用寿命，节能环保，玻璃质量大幅度提高的优点。
The invention relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly production method of glass-ceramic and a glass-ceramic melting furnace. In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption in the prior art, the two short sides of the rectangular melting furnace are equipped with small furnaces or burners and commutators. The time-reversed long-diameter longitudinal flame generated by the regenerator in the melting tank is used for melting and heating, and the glass is supplied to the glass-ceramic forming equipment or the equipment for quenching molten glass into glass pellets through the feeding port set in the middle of the long side of the melting pool. The bottom of the melting pool with strong heat preservation is adopted; two transverse partition walls are set in the middle of the melting pool to prevent the glass liquid from flowing directly to the middle of the melting pool and the flow of glass liquid at the bottom of the bottom of the pool on both sides of the horizontal partition wall under the horizontal partition wall The hole is used to guide the molten glass to the middle of the melting pool, and the two horizontal partition walls block the scum in the molten glass in the melting zone located outside the horizontal partition wall resistance; Set the feed port to extend the distance between the feed port and the feed port. It has the advantages of improving flame utilization rate, reducing dust pollution, prolonging the service life of melting furnace, energy saving and environmental protection, and greatly improving glass quality.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及微晶玻璃生产方法及生产装置，特别是涉及一种节能环保微晶玻璃生产方法及微晶玻璃熔窑。The invention relates to a production method and a production device of a glass-ceramic, in particular to an energy-saving and environment-friendly production method of a glass-ceramic and a glass-ceramic melting furnace.
背景技术Background technique
传统用于生产微晶玻璃的熔窑为马蹄焰窑，经本发明人调查发现存在能耗高、原料粉尘污染等问题。The traditional melting furnace used to produce glass-ceramics is a horseshoe flame furnace. After investigation by the inventor, it is found that there are problems such as high energy consumption and dust pollution of raw materials.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的在于克服现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种节能环保微晶玻璃生产方法，本发明还涉及用于实现该方法的微晶玻璃熔窑。The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, and provide an energy-saving and environment-friendly production method of glass-ceramic, and the invention also relates to a glass-ceramic melting furnace for realizing the method.
为实现上述目的，本发明节能环保微晶玻璃生产方法是利用纵向长横向短的长方形熔窑的两短边胸墙配置的相对分布的小炉或者燃烧器及配有换向器的蓄热室产生的定时换向的长径纵向火焰对熔窑熔化池内的玻璃料进行熔化加热，通过在熔化池长边中部设置的一个或者两个相对的取料口向微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备供玻璃液；通过采用强保温的熔化池底来实现节能和保证玻璃液质量；通过在熔化池中部设置二道横向间隔墙来阻挡玻璃液直接流向熔化池中部和位于横向间隔墙下面联通横向间隔墙两侧池底玻璃液流的流液洞用于将玻璃液导向熔化池中部来保证熔化池中部玻璃液质量，二道横向间隔墙将玻璃液中的浮渣阻挡在位于横向间隔墙阻外侧的熔化区内；在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端配置端置加料口，延长取料口与加料口之间的距离使玻璃液充分熔化和均匀熔化。如此设计，由于火焰路径长，且不用拐弯，避免火焰直烧胸墙，具有传热均匀、热效率高、能显著减少能耗和延长使用寿命，还能显著提高玻璃质量的优点。In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the energy-saving and environment-friendly glass-ceramic production method of the present invention utilizes relatively distributed small furnaces or burners and regenerators equipped with commutators to produce The time-reversed long-diameter longitudinal flame melts and heats the glass frit in the melting pool of the melting furnace, and supplies the glass-ceramic forming equipment or the molten glass through one or two opposite feeding ports set in the middle of the long side of the melting pool. The equipment that is quenched into glass pellets supplies the molten glass; the bottom of the melting pool with strong heat preservation is used to save energy and ensure the quality of the molten glass; two transverse partition walls are set in the middle of the melting pool to prevent the molten glass from flowing directly to the middle of the melting pool and located in the middle of the melting pool. The liquid flow hole under the horizontal partition wall is used to guide the glass liquid to the middle of the melting pool to ensure the quality of the glass liquid in the middle of the melting pool. The two horizontal partition walls block the scum in the glass liquid In the melting zone located outside the transverse partition wall resistance; at both ends of the two long parapets of the rectangular melting furnace, end feeding ports are arranged, and the distance between the feeding port and the feeding port is extended to fully melt and evenly melt the molten glass. Such a design, due to the long flame path and no need to turn, avoids the flame directly burning the parapet, has the advantages of uniform heat transfer, high thermal efficiency, can significantly reduce energy consumption and prolong service life, and can also significantly improve glass quality.
作为优化，通过在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端配置对角分布的两个端置加料口或者配置总计四个相对并列的端置加料口提高加料效率和产能；通过所述熔化池中间设置横向隔断墙将二道横向间隔墙之间的熔化池隔断成熔化不同玻璃料的两个子熔化池区实现一池两产；通过采用位于横向间隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度小于位于横向间隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度来使流到中部熔化池区玻璃液中气泡充分排出；所述取料口通过主料道和分料道连接微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备。优选所述横向间隔墙之间的间距小于横向间隔墙与熔化池短边之间的间距。As an optimization, by disposing two end feeding ports diagonally distributed at both ends of the two long side parapets of the rectangular melting furnace or configuring a total of four relatively side-by-side end feeding ports to improve feeding efficiency and production capacity; through the melting pool A horizontal partition wall is set in the middle to separate the melting pool between the two horizontal partition walls into two sub-melting pool areas for melting different glass frits to realize two productions in one pool; The depth of the melting pool area at both ends on the outer side of the transverse partition wall is used to fully discharge the bubbles in the glass liquid flowing to the central melting pool area; Equipment for quenching into glass pellets. Preferably, the distance between the transverse partition walls is smaller than the distance between the transverse partition walls and the short sides of the melting pool.
作为优化，所述熔化池底强保温是采用电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层、粘土砖层和保温砖层由上至下的池底层次结构来实现的；所述加料口采用有利于实现薄层加料和加料口纳入火焰对玻璃料表层进行预加热的前端宽后端窄的喇叭口型和配备电加热预熔设备使玻璃料在加料口预熔；所述横向隔断墙为直达两侧熔化池边壁的直线型横向隔断墙或者曲线型横向隔断墙；微晶玻璃成型设备进一步连接结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备进一步连接将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备；所述取料口是外端配有澄清冷却室的冷却取料口。As an optimization, the strong heat preservation at the bottom of the melting pool is realized by adopting the layered structure of the bottom of the pool from top to bottom, including electro-fused brick layer, ramming material layer, high-alumina brick layer, clay brick layer and insulation brick layer; The port adopts a bell-mouth shape with a wide front end and a narrow rear end, which is conducive to realizing thin-layer feeding and the feeding port is incorporated into the flame to preheat the surface layer of the glass frit, and is equipped with electric heating pre-melting equipment to pre-melt the glass frit at the feeding port; the transverse partition The wall is a straight-line transverse partition wall or a curved transverse partition wall directly reaching the side walls of the melting pool on both sides; the glass-ceramic forming equipment is further connected to the pre-crystallization processing, crystallization heat treatment, and glass-ceramic processing equipment; the molten glass The equipment for liquid quenching into glass pellets is further connected to the equipment that puts the glass pellets into the mold, then undergoes a certain heat treatment to nucleate, and then heats up to crystallize to obtain the equipment for crystallized glass products; The cooling inlet of the chamber.
喇叭口型加料口还能够预溶玻璃料，防止加料口堵塞和提高熔化效率及火焰利用强度。所述加料口配有的电加热预熔设备能确保入窑原料表面呈熔融状态，防止粉尘污染。The bell-shaped feeding port can also pre-melt the glass frit, prevent the feeding port from being blocked and improve the melting efficiency and flame utilization intensity. The electric heating pre-melting equipment equipped with the feeding port can ensure that the surface of the raw material entering the kiln is in a molten state to prevent dust pollution.
作为优化，所述预熔是利用料层上置硅碳棒向玻璃料表层辐射热量熔化玻璃料表层，防止粉尘污染；所述曲线型横向隔断墙是横向隔断墙两端分别通过对称拐头与熔化池边壁相连，在与除两端拐头以内的横向隔断墙中段平行的横向间隔墙中段下面设置流液洞；所述澄清冷却室是内端与取料口联通，外端与所述主料道联通或者与微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备联通上方敞口的矩形熔融玻璃池，所述矩形熔融玻璃池由内至外的层次结构依次是电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层。As an optimization, the pre-melting is to use silicon carbide rods placed on the material layer to radiate heat to the surface layer of the glass material to melt the surface layer of the glass material to prevent dust pollution; The side walls of the melting pool are connected, and a liquid flow hole is arranged below the middle section of the transverse partition wall parallel to the middle section of the transverse partition wall except for the corners at both ends; The main forehearth is connected with the glass-ceramic forming equipment or the equipment for quenching the molten glass into glass pellets with the open rectangular molten glass pool above. Brick layer, ramming material layer, high alumina brick layer and clay brick layer.
所述结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备为成型微晶玻璃的结晶化前加工设备、结晶化热处理设备和微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备包括玻璃粒料筛分设备、烘干设备，装入模具核化设备，晶化设备，抛光设备等加工设备。The pre-crystallization processing, crystallization heat treatment, and glass-ceramics processing equipment are pre-crystallization processing equipment for forming glass-ceramics, crystallization heat treatment equipment, and glass-ceramic processing equipment; the glass pellets are loaded into the mold , and then undergo a certain heat treatment to nucleate, and then heat up to crystallize to obtain glass-ceramic products. The equipment includes glass granule screening equipment, drying equipment, mold-loaded nucleation equipment, crystallization equipment, polishing equipment and other processing equipment.
作为优化，通过相对加大远离取料口的流液洞和相对缩小临近取料口的流液洞使各流液洞的流量相近，保证玻璃质地均匀；采用位于横向隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度0.9m左右和位于横向隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度0.2-0.3m，增大两区域之间的玻璃液深度差或者压力差，强化中部熔化池区气泡释放强度；所述横向间隔墙和横向隔断墙顶部与玻璃液面之间采用能保证阻挡玻璃液又能纵向火焰顺畅通过5CM左右间距；所述预熔还利用设置在玻璃料层内的钼电极使玻璃料预熔来防止加料口堵塞；所述曲线型横向隔断墙由与所述横向间隔墙平行的中段和两端段及连接中段和两端段的两纵向段组成，中段两端分别通过纵向段组连接两端段，两端段再连接熔化池边壁；两纵向段相对的熔化池边壁上分别设置一个取料口；靠近取料口的流液洞小，远离取料口的流液洞大；纵向段与横向间隔墙之间的熔化池底部的层次结构由上至下依次包括电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层；所述熔化池边壁与横向间隔墙和横向隔断墙高度一致。As an optimization, the flow rate of each flow hole is similar by relatively increasing the flow hole away from the material inlet and relatively reducing the flow hole near the material inlet to ensure that the glass quality is uniform; the two ends located outside the transverse partition wall are used to melt The depth of the pool area is about 0.9m and the depth of the central melting pool area between the transverse partition walls is 0.2-0.3m, increasing the depth difference or pressure difference of the molten glass between the two areas, and strengthening the release strength of the bubbles in the central melting pool area; The distance between the horizontal partition wall and the top of the horizontal partition wall and the glass liquid surface can ensure that the glass liquid can be blocked and the longitudinal flame can pass through the vertical flame smoothly; to prevent the feeding port from being blocked; the curved transverse partition wall is composed of a middle section and two end sections parallel to the transverse partition wall and two longitudinal sections connecting the middle section and two end sections, and the two ends of the middle section are respectively connected to two sections by a longitudinal section group. The end section, the two end sections are connected to the side wall of the melting pool; the side walls of the melting pool opposite the two longitudinal sections are respectively provided with a feeding port; the liquid hole near the feeding port is small, and the liquid hole away from the feeding port is large; The hierarchical structure at the bottom of the melting pool between the longitudinal section and the transverse partition wall includes, from top to bottom, an electro-fused brick layer, a ramming material layer, a high-alumina brick layer and a clay brick layer; the melting pool side wall and the transverse partition wall Same height as the horizontal partition wall.
用于实现本发明所述方法的微晶玻璃熔窑包括熔化池和窑顶以及连接窑顶和熔化池的胸墙、加料口和取料口，胸墙通过小炉或者燃烧器和配有换向器的蓄热室；其特征在于纵向长横向短的长方形熔窑的两短边胸墙配置相对分布的能够产生定时换向的长径纵向火焰对熔窑熔化池内的玻璃料进行熔化加热的小炉或者燃烧器及配有换向器的蓄热室；延长取料口与加料口之间的距离使玻璃液充分熔化和均匀熔化，在熔化池长边中部设置向微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备供玻璃液的取料口(或者将熔融玻璃微晶和热处理的微晶玻璃成型线供玻璃液的取料口)、在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端配置能够提高加料效率和产能的端置加料口；在熔化池中部设置二道横向间隔墙来阻挡玻璃液直接流向熔化池中部，在横向间隔墙下面设置能够保证流入熔化池中部玻璃液质量的联通横向间隔墙两侧池底玻璃液流的流液洞。具有传热均匀、热效率高、能显著减少能耗和延长使用寿命，还能显著提高玻璃质量的优点。The glass-ceramic melting furnace used to realize the method of the present invention includes a melting tank and a kiln roof and a parapet connecting the kiln roof and the melting tank, a feed port and a material withdrawal port, and the parapet passes through a small furnace or a burner and is equipped with a commutator It is characterized in that the two short side parapets of the rectangular melting furnace with long vertical length and short horizontal direction are relatively distributed and can produce a long-diameter longitudinal flame with regular reversing to melt and heat the glass frit in the melting tank of the melting furnace or a small furnace Burner and regenerator equipped with commutator; prolong the distance between the feeding port and the feeding port to fully melt and evenly melt the molten glass, and install glass-ceramic forming equipment in the middle of the long side of the melting pool or place the molten glass The equipment for quenching the liquid into glass pellets is used for the feeding port of the molten glass (or the glass-ceramic molding line for melting glass crystals and heat treatment is used for the feeding port of the molten glass), and the two long side parapets of the rectangular melting furnace. The end is equipped with an end-mounted feeding port that can improve feeding efficiency and production capacity; two horizontal partition walls are set in the middle of the melting pool to prevent the glass liquid from flowing directly to the middle of the melting pool, and a wall that can ensure the quality of the glass liquid flowing into the middle of the melting pool is set under the horizontal partition wall. The liquid flow hole connecting the glass liquid flow at the bottom of the pool on both sides of the horizontal partition wall. It has the advantages of uniform heat transfer, high thermal efficiency, can significantly reduce energy consumption and prolong service life, and can also significantly improve glass quality.
作为优化，熔化池底为有利于节能和保证玻璃液质量的复合层强保温池底；在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端总计配置能够提高加料效率和产能的对角分布的两个端置加料口或者四个相对并列的端置加料口；所述熔化池长边中部根据需要选择采用单线或者多线取料；所述熔化池中间设置横向隔断墙将二道横向间隔墙之间的熔化池隔断成熔化不同玻璃料的两个子熔化池区；位于横向间隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度小于位于横向间隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度来使流到中部熔化池区玻璃液中气泡充分排出；所述取料口通过主料道和分料道连接微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备。优选所述横向间隔墙之间的间距小于横向间隔墙与熔化池短边之间的间距。As an optimization, the bottom of the melting pool is a composite-layer strong insulation pool bottom that is beneficial to energy saving and guaranteeing the quality of the glass liquid; at both ends of the two long side parapets of the rectangular melting furnace, a total of two diagonally distributed ones that can improve feeding efficiency and production capacity are arranged. End-mounted feeding port or four opposite side-by-side feeding ports; the middle part of the long side of the melting pool can choose to use single-line or multi-line feeding according to needs; a horizontal partition wall is set in the middle of the melting pool to separate the two horizontal partition walls. The melting pool is divided into two sub-melting pool areas for melting different glass frits; the depth of the central melting pool area between the transverse partition walls is smaller than the depth of the melting pool areas at both ends located outside the transverse partition wall to make the glass flow to the central melting pool area The bubbles in the liquid are fully discharged; the material intake port is connected to the glass-ceramic forming equipment or the equipment for quenching the molten glass liquid into glass pellets through the main feeder channel and the feeder channel. Preferably, the distance between the transverse partition walls is smaller than the distance between the transverse partition walls and the short sides of the melting pool.
作为优化，所述熔化池底强保温的实现方式是采用电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层、粘土砖层和保温砖层由上至下的池底层次结构；所述加料口采用有利于实现薄层加料和加料口纳入火焰对玻璃料表层进行预加热的前端宽后端窄的喇叭口型和配备电加热预熔设备使玻璃料在加料口预熔；所述横向隔断墙为直达两侧熔化池边壁的直线型横向隔断墙或者曲线型横向隔断墙；微晶玻璃成型设备进一步连接结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备进一步连接将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备；所述取料口是外端配有澄清冷却室的冷却取料口。As an optimization, the way to realize the strong heat preservation at the bottom of the melting pool is to adopt a hierarchical structure of the bottom of the pool from the top to the bottom of the electro-fused brick layer, the ramming material layer, the high-alumina brick layer, the clay brick layer and the insulation brick layer; The port adopts a bell-mouth shape with a wide front end and a narrow rear end, which is conducive to realizing thin-layer feeding and the feeding port is incorporated into the flame to preheat the surface layer of the glass frit, and is equipped with electric heating pre-melting equipment to pre-melt the glass frit at the feeding port; the transverse partition The wall is a straight-line transverse partition wall or a curved transverse partition wall directly reaching the side walls of the melting pool on both sides; the glass-ceramic forming equipment is further connected to the pre-crystallization processing, crystallization heat treatment, and glass-ceramic processing equipment; the molten glass The equipment for liquid quenching into glass pellets is further connected to the equipment that puts the glass pellets into the mold, then undergoes a certain heat treatment to nucleate, and then heats up to crystallize to obtain the equipment for crystallized glass products; The cooling inlet of the chamber.
作为优化，所述电加热预熔设备是向玻璃料表层辐射热量熔化玻璃料表层、防止粉尘污染的上置硅碳棒；所述曲线型横向隔断墙是横向隔断墙两端分别通过对称拐头与熔化池边壁相连，在与除两端拐头以内的横向隔断墙中段平行的横向间隔墙中段下面设置流液洞；所述结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备为成型微晶玻璃的结晶化前加工设备、结晶化热处理设备和微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备包括玻璃粒料筛分设备、烘干设备，装入模具核化设备，晶化设备，抛光设备等加工设备。所述澄清冷却室是内端与取料口联通，外端与所述主料道联通或者与微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备联通上方敞口的矩形熔融玻璃池，所述矩形熔融玻璃池由内至外的层次结构依次是电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层。As an optimization, the electric heating pre-melting equipment is an upper-mounted silicon carbide rod that radiates heat to the surface of the glass frit to melt the surface of the glass frit and prevent dust pollution; It is connected with the side wall of the melting pool, and a liquid flow hole is arranged below the middle section of the transverse partition wall parallel to the middle section of the transverse partition wall except the corners at both ends; the processing equipment before crystallization, crystallization heat treatment, and glass ceramics are as follows: Crystallization pre-crystallization processing equipment, crystallization heat treatment equipment and glass-ceramic processing equipment for forming glass-ceramics; the glass pellets are loaded into molds, then undergo a certain heat treatment to nucleate, and then heat up to crystallize to obtain glass-ceramics products The advanced equipment includes glass particle screening equipment, drying equipment, loading mold nuclear equipment, crystallization equipment, polishing equipment and other processing equipment. The clarification and cooling chamber is a rectangular molten glass with an upper opening connected to the inner end connected to the feeding port, and the outer end connected to the main forehearth or connected to glass-ceramic forming equipment or equipment for quenching molten glass into glass pellets. pool, the hierarchical structure of the rectangular molten glass pool from the inside to the outside is a layer of electric fused bricks, a layer of ramming material, a layer of high alumina bricks and a layer of clay bricks.
作为优化，远离取料口的流液洞口径大于临近取料口的流液洞口径使各流液洞的流量相近，保证玻璃质地均匀；位于横向隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度0.9m左右和位于横向隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度0.2-0.3m，增大两区域之间的玻璃液深度差或者压力差，强化中部熔化池区气泡释放强度；所述横向间隔墙和横向隔断墙顶部与玻璃液面之间采用能保证阻挡玻璃液又能纵向火焰顺畅通过5CM左右间距；所述电加热预熔设备还包括能通过使玻璃料预熔来防止加料口堵塞的设置在玻璃料层内的钼电极；熔化池深0.2-0.9m，建在熔化池上的整个长方形熔窑的纵向长度为20-90米；所述曲线型横向隔断墙由与所述横向间隔墙平行的中段和两端段及连接中段和两端段的两纵向段组成，中段两端分别通过纵向段组连接两端段，两端段再连接熔化池边壁；两纵向段相对的熔化池边壁上分别设置一个取料口；靠近取料口的流液洞小，远离取料口的流液洞大；纵向段与横向间隔墙之间的熔化池底部的层次结构由上至下依次包括电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层；所述熔化池边壁与横向间隔墙和横向隔断墙高度一致。As an optimization, the caliber of the flow hole far away from the material intake port is larger than the caliber of the flow hole adjacent to the material intake port so that the flow rate of each flow hole is similar to ensure uniform glass quality; the depth of the melting pool area at both ends outside the transverse partition wall is 0.9m The depth of the left and right and the central melting pool area between the transverse partition walls is 0.2-0.3m, increasing the glass liquid depth difference or pressure difference between the two areas, and strengthening the bubble release strength of the central melting pool area; the transverse partition wall and the transverse Between the top of the partition wall and the liquid surface of the glass, a distance of about 5 cm can be used to ensure that the glass liquid can be blocked and the longitudinal flame can pass through smoothly; The molybdenum electrode in the material layer; the depth of the melting pool is 0.2-0.9m, and the longitudinal length of the entire rectangular melting furnace built on the melting pool is 20-90 meters; the curved transverse partition wall consists of a middle section parallel to the transverse partition wall It is composed of two end sections and two longitudinal sections connecting the middle section and the two end sections. The two ends of the middle section are respectively connected to the two end sections through the longitudinal section group, and the two end sections are connected to the side wall of the melting pool; on the side wall of the melting pool opposite to the two longitudinal sections Set up a material intake respectively; the flow hole near the material intake is small, and the flow hole far away from the material intake is large; the hierarchical structure of the bottom of the melting pool between the longitudinal section and the transverse partition wall includes the electric melting tank from top to bottom. A brick layer, a ramming material layer, a high alumina brick layer and a clay brick layer; the side wall of the melting pool is of the same height as the transverse partition wall and the transverse partition wall.
本发明环保微晶玻璃或者玉石玻璃生产方法(熔窑部分)是利用纵向长横向短的长方形熔窑，两短边胸墙配置相对分布小炉、燃烧系统、蓄热室、换向器，定时换向的一种纵向火焰熔窑，长径纵向火焰对熔窑池内的浮法玻璃料进行熔化加热，通过熔窑内横向设置三道隔墙将熔化池隔分为四个池，熔窑横向中部两边各设置冷却池一个。通过在冷却池取玻璃液成型和在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端各配置多个加料口加料达到节能、环保、优质、延长熔窑使用寿命、一窑多个产品的目的。The production method of environmental-friendly glass-ceramic or jade glass (melting furnace part) of the present invention utilizes a rectangular melting furnace with a long vertical direction and a short horizontal direction. A longitudinal flame melting furnace with a long diameter, the long-diameter longitudinal flame melts and heats the float glass frit in the melting furnace pool, and the melting pool is divided into four pools by setting three partition walls horizontally in the melting furnace. One cooling pool is set on each side. By taking molten glass in the cooling pool and forming it and configuring multiple feeding ports at both ends of the two long sides of the rectangular melting furnace to feed materials, the goals of energy saving, environmental protection, high quality, prolonging the service life of the melting furnace, and multiple products in one furnace can be achieved.
将传统的横向火焰窑(横向火焰行程长度在6M-16M左右，火焰在熔化池内停留一秒钟左右)改为纵向火焰窑。纵向火焰行程长度20M-130M，(根据客户要求熔窑出料量定火焰长短)火焰在熔化池内停留七秒钟左右，实现热能充分利用，比横向火焰窑节能25％左右，传统浮法玻璃窑池底薄(0.5M左右)不保温，本发明熔窑采用池底强保温(1M以上)，其实现方法是采用电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层、粘土砖层和保温砖层由上至下的池底层次结构。比池底不保温的传统横向火焰窑节能5％左右，本发明新型熔窑比传统熔窑共计节能30％左右。Change the traditional horizontal flame kiln (the length of the horizontal flame stroke is about 6M-16M, and the flame stays in the melting pool for about one second) into a vertical flame kiln. The longitudinal flame stroke length is 20M-130M, (the length of the flame is determined according to the output of the furnace according to the customer's requirements). The flame stays in the melting pool for about seven seconds to realize the full use of heat energy, which is about 25% more energy-saving than the horizontal flame furnace. The traditional float glass furnace The bottom of the pool is thin (about 0.5M) without heat preservation. The melting furnace of the present invention adopts strong heat preservation at the bottom of the pool (above 1M). Brick layer top to bottom pool bottom hierarchy. The energy saving is about 5% compared with the traditional horizontal flame kiln without heat preservation at the bottom of the pool, and the energy saving of the novel melting furnace of the present invention is about 30% compared with the traditional melting furnace.
通过在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙端侧设置多个前端宽后端窄的喇叭口型薄层加料口，喇叭口型是让熔窑池内空间温度向加料口内辐射，在加料口玻璃料层内安置铝电极对原料电加热，加料口上部安置硅碳棒，对原料表层加热预熔，实现基本无玻璃原料粉尘污染，粉尘污染物减排95％左右。根据权利要求2所述节能30％左右就相对减少二氧化碳、二氧化硫污染物排放30％左右；减少粉尘污染物排放95％左右。By setting multiple bell-shaped thin-layer feeding ports with a wide front end and a narrow rear end on the sides of the two long parapet walls of the rectangular melting furnace. Aluminum electrodes are placed in the layer to electrically heat the raw materials, and silicon carbide rods are placed on the upper part of the feeding port to heat and pre-melt the surface of the raw materials, so that there is basically no dust pollution of glass raw materials, and the emission of dust pollutants is reduced by about 95%. According to claim 2, the energy saving of about 30% can relatively reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide pollutants by about 30%; the emission of dust pollutants can be reduced by about 95%.
通过在熔化池内中部设置三道横向隔墙，将长方形的熔化池隔分成四个池，两端每边一个高温熔化池，长方形中部的横向中部两边各一个排气泡池。在两边的横向隔墙底部各设一大(90％的料通过)一小(10％的料通过)的流液洞。一方面将浮渣挡在熔化区，另一方面90％的料远离取料口，玻璃液在微压力浅区充分排净气泡。小流液洞(10％过料)让两个熔化区没有死料，大大提高玻璃液质量。三道横向隔墙的中间隔墙的作用：一方面能控制玻璃液走向，充分排气泡；另一方面能把一个熔窑隔分为两个熔化池，可以生产两种原料成份区别不大的两种不同的产品。三道横向隔墙的高度与熔化池内(电熔砖)池壁砖一致，既能阻挡玻璃液，又能让纵向火焰在熔窑内顺利纵向通过。By setting three horizontal partition walls in the middle of the melting pool, the rectangular melting pool is divided into four pools, one high-temperature melting pool on each side at both ends, and one air-exhausting pool on each side of the horizontal middle in the middle of the rectangle. A large (90% of the material passes through) a small (10% of the material passes through) flow hole is respectively established at the bottom of the transverse partition wall on both sides. On the one hand, the scum is kept in the melting zone, on the other hand, 90% of the material is far away from the feeding port, and the glass liquid fully discharges the air bubbles in the micro-pressure shallow area. The small liquid hole (10% passing material) makes the two melting zones have no dead material, which greatly improves the quality of the molten glass. The function of the middle partition wall of the three horizontal partition walls: on the one hand, it can control the direction of the glass liquid and fully discharge air bubbles; on the other hand, it can divide a melting furnace into two melting pools, which can produce two kinds of raw materials with little difference in composition. of two different products. The height of the three horizontal partition walls is consistent with the wall bricks in the melting pool (electric fused bricks), which can not only block the glass liquid, but also allow the longitudinal flame to pass through the furnace smoothly.
通过采用纵向火焰在熔窑停留时间长消耗了热能，进入蓄热室火焰温度约1000度左右，比横向火焰窑蓄热室温度低300度左右，蓄热室温度低，使用寿命就长。本发明还有一个特点，熔化面积宽、出料率低。熔化温度设计1520度左右，比传统熔窑(同材质)可延长熔窑使用寿命一倍左右(15年左右)。Longitudinal flame stays in the furnace to consume heat energy, and the temperature of the flame entering the regenerator is about 1000 degrees, which is about 300 degrees lower than that of the regenerator of the transverse flame kiln. The temperature of the regenerator is low and the service life is long. Another feature of the present invention is that the melting area is wide and the discharge rate is low. The melting temperature is designed to be about 1520 degrees, which can extend the service life of the furnace by about one time (about 15 years) compared with the traditional furnace (same material).
熔窑横向中部两边各设置冷却池一个，将玻璃液冷却后通过取料口去成型。所述在熔化池长边中部设置单边一个取料口或两边各设置一个取料口，实现一窑单线出产品或一窑多线出产品，并可一窑出两种产品(化学成份接近)。A cooling pool is installed on both sides of the horizontal middle of the melting furnace, and the glass liquid is cooled and formed through the feeding port. In the middle part of the long side of the melting pool, one material intake port on one side or one material intake port on each side is provided to realize a single-line output product from a kiln or a multi-line output product from a kiln, and two types of products can be output from one kiln (chemical composition close to ).
即，本发明就是将传统横向火焰改为纵向火焰，池深改为深区、浅区并隔离；采用流液洞取料法，池底强化保温，横向两端预熔加料，横向中部单线或多线成形，增大溶化池面积，降低熔化温度和出料率。比横向火焰窑节能30％以上，减少CO2和SO2排放量30％左右，减少原料粉尘颗粒物排放量95％以上，延长熔窑使用寿命两倍以上，微晶玻璃质量大幅度提高，无气泡，玻筋。That is, the present invention changes the traditional horizontal flame into a vertical flame, and the depth of the pool is changed into a deep area and a shallow area and isolating; the liquid hole feeding method is adopted, the bottom of the pool is strengthened for heat preservation, the two ends of the horizontal direction are pre-melted and fed, and the horizontal middle part is single-line or Multi-line forming, increasing the area of melting pool, reducing melting temperature and output rate. Compared with the horizontal flame furnace, it can save energy by more than 30%, reduce the emission of CO2 and SO2 by about 30%, reduce the emission of dust and particulate matter from raw materials by more than 95%, prolong the service life of the melting furnace by more than two times, and the quality of glass-ceramics is greatly improved without air bubbles , Glass bars.
采用上述技术方案后，本发明节能环保微晶玻璃生产方法及微晶玻璃熔窑具有提高火焰利用率，减少粉尘污染，延长熔窑使用寿命，节能环保，玻璃质量大幅度提高的优点。After adopting the above technical scheme, the energy-saving and environment-friendly glass-ceramic production method and the glass-ceramics melting furnace of the present invention have the advantages of improving flame utilization rate, reducing dust pollution, prolonging the service life of the melting furnace, saving energy and protecting the environment, and greatly improving glass quality.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是用于实现本发明节能环保微晶玻璃生产方法的微晶玻璃熔窑的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a glass-ceramics melting furnace for realizing the energy-saving and environment-friendly glass-ceramic production method of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明节能环保微晶玻璃生产方法利用纵向长横向短的长方形熔窑的两短边胸墙配置的相对分布小炉及配有换向器的蓄热室产生的定时换向的长径纵向火焰对熔窑熔化池内的玻璃料进行熔化加热，通过在熔化池长边中部两侧设置的一对取料口各自通过一个澄清冷却室及一个主料道和与主料道同向的二个分料道向微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备供玻璃液。通过在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端总计配置四个相对并列的端置加料口提高加料效率和产能(或者配置对角分布的两个端置加料口)。微晶玻璃成型设备进一步连接结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备进一步连接将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备。所述结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备为成型微晶玻璃的结晶化前加工设备、结晶化热处理设备和微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备包括玻璃粒料筛分设备、烘干设备，装入模具核化设备，晶化设备，抛光设备等加工设备。所述澄清冷却室是内端与取料口联通，外端与所述主料道联通(或者与微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备联通)上方敞口的矩形熔融玻璃池，所述矩形熔融玻璃池由内至外的层次结构依次是电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层。The energy-saving and environment-friendly glass-ceramics production method of the present invention utilizes the relatively distributed small furnaces arranged on the breast walls of the two short sides of the rectangular melting furnace that is long in the longitudinal direction and short in the transverse direction, and the long-diameter longitudinal flame pairs that are reversible at regular intervals produced by the regenerator equipped with a commutator. The glass frit in the melting tank of the melting furnace is melted and heated, and passes through a pair of feeding ports set on both sides of the middle of the long side of the melting tank, respectively passing through a clarification and cooling chamber, a main forehearth and two distribution materials in the same direction as the main forehearth. The channel supplies molten glass to glass-ceramics forming equipment or equipment that quenches molten glass into glass pellets. The feeding efficiency and production capacity are improved by arranging a total of four relatively side-by-side end feeding ports at both ends of the two long side parapets of the rectangular melting furnace (or configuring two end feeding ports distributed diagonally). The glass-ceramic forming equipment is further connected to processing before crystallization, heat treatment for crystallization, and glass-ceramic processing equipment; the equipment for quenching molten glass into glass pellets is further connected to put the glass pellets into the mold, and then go through a certain process. It is a device for heat treatment nucleation, and then crystallization at elevated temperature to obtain glass-ceramic products. The pre-crystallization processing, crystallization heat treatment, and glass-ceramics processing equipment are pre-crystallization processing equipment for forming glass-ceramics, crystallization heat treatment equipment, and glass-ceramic processing equipment; the glass pellets are loaded into the mold , and then undergo a certain heat treatment to nucleate, and then heat up to crystallize to obtain glass-ceramic products. The equipment includes glass granule screening equipment, drying equipment, mold-loaded nucleation equipment, crystallization equipment, polishing equipment and other processing equipment. The clarification and cooling chamber is a rectangular shape whose inner end communicates with the feeding port, and whose outer end communicates with the main forehearth (or communicates with glass-ceramic molding equipment or equipment that quenches molten glass into glass pellets). A molten glass pool, the hierarchical structure of the rectangular molten glass pool from the inside to the outside is an electric fused brick layer, a ramming material layer, a high alumina brick layer and a clay brick layer.
通过采用强保温的熔化池底来实现节能和保证玻璃液质量；所述熔化池底强保温是采用电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层、粘土砖层和保温砖层由上至下的池底层次结构来实现的。Realize energy saving and guarantee the quality of molten glass by adopting the melting tank bottom with strong heat preservation; to the lower pool bottom hierarchy.
通过在熔化池中部设置二道横向间隔墙来阻挡玻璃液直接流向熔化池中部和位于横向间隔墙下面联通横向间隔墙两侧池底玻璃液流的流液洞用于将玻璃液导向熔化池中部来保证熔化池中部玻璃液质量；二道横向间隔墙将玻璃液中的浮渣阻挡在位于横向间隔墙阻外侧的熔化区内；在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端配置端置加料口，延长取料口与加料口之间的距离使玻璃液充分熔化和均匀熔化。通过所述熔化池中间设置横向隔断墙将二道横向间隔墙之间的熔化池隔断成熔化不同玻璃料的两个子熔化池区实现一池两产；通过采用位于横向间隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度小于位于横向间隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度来使流到中部熔化池区玻璃液中气泡充分排出。所述横向隔断墙为直达两侧熔化池边壁的曲线型横向隔断墙(或者直线型横向隔断墙)；所述曲线型横向隔断墙是横向隔断墙两端分别通过对称拐头与熔化池边壁相连，在与除两端拐头以内的横向隔断墙中段平行的横向间隔墙中段下面设置两个并列流液洞。所述曲线型横向隔断墙由与所述横向间隔墙平行的中段和两端段及连接中段和两端段的两纵向段组成，中段两端分别通过纵向段组连接两端段，两端段再连接熔化池边壁；两纵向段相对的熔化池边壁上分别设置一个取料口；靠近取料口的流液洞小，远离取料口的流液洞大，优选靠近取料口的流液洞横截面积与远离取料口的流液洞横截面积比1∶9左右；纵向段与横向间隔墙之间的熔化池底部的层次结构由上至下依次包括电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层；所述熔化池边壁与横向间隔墙和横向隔断墙高度一致，并都采用电熔砖墙。优选所述横向间隔墙之间的间距小于横向间隔墙与熔化池短边之间的间距。Two transverse partition walls are set in the middle of the melting pool to prevent the molten glass from flowing directly to the middle of the melting pool, and the liquid flow hole located under the transverse partition wall and connected to the bottom glass flow on both sides of the horizontal partition wall is used to guide the molten glass to the middle of the melting pool To ensure the quality of the molten glass in the middle of the melting pool; two transverse partition walls block the scum in the molten glass in the melting zone located outside the resistance of the transverse partition wall; end feeding is arranged at both ends of the two long breast walls of the rectangular melting furnace Extend the distance between the feeding port and the feeding port to fully melt and evenly melt the molten glass. A transverse partition wall is set in the middle of the melting pool to separate the melting pool between the two transverse partition walls into two sub-melting pool areas for melting different glass frits to realize two productions in one pool; The depth of the pool area is smaller than the depth of the melting pool areas at both ends located on the outer side of the transverse partition wall so that the bubbles in the molten glass flowing to the middle melting pool area can be fully discharged. The transverse partition wall is a curved transverse partition wall (or linear transverse partition wall) directly reaching the side walls of the melting pool on both sides; Two side-by-side liquid flow holes are arranged below the middle section of the transverse partition wall parallel to the middle section of the transverse partition wall except for the corners at both ends. The curved transverse partition wall is composed of a middle section parallel to the transverse partition wall and two end sections and two longitudinal sections connecting the middle section and the two end sections. Then connect the side wall of the melting pool; a feeding port is respectively arranged on the side wall of the melting pool opposite to the two longitudinal sections; the liquid hole near the feeding port is small, and the liquid hole far away from the feeding port is large, preferably near the feeding port The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the liquid flow hole to the cross-sectional area of the liquid flow hole away from the feeding port is about 1:9; the hierarchical structure at the bottom of the melting pool between the longitudinal section and the transverse partition wall includes the electric fused brick layer, The ramming material layer, the high-alumina brick layer and the clay brick layer; the side wall of the melting pool is of the same height as the transverse partition wall and the transverse partition wall, and all of them adopt electric fused brick walls. Preferably, the distance between the transverse partition walls is smaller than the distance between the transverse partition walls and the short sides of the melting pool.
所述加料口采用有利于实现薄层加料和加料口纳入火焰对玻璃料表层进行预加热的前端宽后端窄的喇叭口型和配备电加热预熔设备使玻璃料在加料口预熔；所述预熔是利用料层上置硅碳棒向玻璃料表层辐射热量熔化玻璃料表层，防止粉尘污染；所述预熔还利用设置在玻璃料层内的钼电极使玻璃料预熔来防止加料口堵塞。The feeding port adopts a trumpet shape with a wide front end and a narrow rear end, which is beneficial to realize thin layer feeding and the feeding port is incorporated into the flame to preheat the surface layer of the glass frit, and is equipped with electric heating pre-melting equipment to pre-melt the glass frit at the feeding port; The above-mentioned pre-melting is to use silicon carbide rods placed on the material layer to radiate heat to the surface of the glass material to melt the surface of the glass material to prevent dust pollution; Mouth blocked.
通过相对加大远离取料口的流液洞和相对缩小临近取料口的流液洞使各流液洞的流量相近，保证玻璃质地均匀；By relatively increasing the flow holes away from the material intake and relatively reducing the flow holes close to the material intake, the flow rates of each flow hole are similar to ensure uniform glass quality;
还采用位于横向隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度0.9m左右和位于横向隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度0.2-0.3m，增大两区域之间的玻璃液深度差或者压力差，强化中部熔化池区气泡释放强度；Also, the depth of the melting pool area at both ends located outside the transverse partition wall is about 0.9m and the depth of the melting pool area in the middle between the transverse partition walls is 0.2-0.3m to increase the depth difference or pressure difference of the molten glass between the two areas, Strengthen the bubble release strength in the central melting pool area;
优选所述横向间隔墙和横向隔断墙顶部与玻璃液面之间采用能保证阻挡玻璃液又能纵向火焰顺畅通过5CM左右间距。Preferably, the horizontal partition wall and the top of the horizontal partition wall and the glass liquid surface adopt a distance of about 5 cm, which can ensure that the glass liquid is blocked and the vertical flame can pass through smoothly.
本发明就是将传统横向火焰改为纵向火焰，池深改为深区、浅区并隔离；采用流液洞取料法，池底强化保温，横向两端预熔加料，横向中部单线或多线成形，增大溶化池面积，降低熔化温度和出料率。比横向火焰窑节能30％以上，减少CO2和SO2排放量30％左右，减少原料粉尘颗粒物排放量95％以上，延长熔窑使用寿命两倍以上，微晶玻璃质量大幅度提高，无气泡，玻筋。The present invention changes the traditional horizontal flame into a vertical flame, and the pool depth is changed into a deep area and a shallow area and isolating; adopts the method of taking material from the liquid hole, strengthens the heat preservation at the bottom of the pool, pre-melts and feeds materials at both ends of the horizontal direction, and single or multiple lines in the horizontal middle Forming, increasing the area of the melting pool, reducing the melting temperature and output rate. Compared with the horizontal flame furnace, it can save energy by more than 30%, reduce the emission of CO2 and SO2 by about 30%, reduce the emission of dust and particulate matter from raw materials by more than 95%, prolong the service life of the melting furnace by more than two times, and the quality of glass-ceramics is greatly improved without air bubbles , Glass bars.
用于实现本发明所述方法的微晶玻璃熔窑包括熔化池1和窑顶以及连接窑顶和熔化池的胸墙、加料口2和取料口3，胸墙通过小炉4和配有换向器的蓄热室5；纵向长横向短的长方形熔窑的两短边胸墙配置相对分布的能够产生定时换向的长径纵向火焰对熔窑熔化池内的玻璃料进行熔化加热的小炉4及配有换向器的蓄热室5；延长取料口3与加料口2之间的距离使玻璃液充分熔化和均匀熔化，在熔化池1长边中部两侧设置各自通过一个澄清冷却室及一个主料道70和与主料道同向的两个并列的分料道71向微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备供玻璃液的取料口3、在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端总计配置能够提高加料效率和产能的四个相对并列的端置加料口2(或者配置对角分布的两个端置加料口)。微晶玻璃成型设备进一步连接结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备进一步连接将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备。所述结晶化前加工，结晶化热处理，微晶玻璃的加工设备为成型微晶玻璃的结晶化前加工设备、结晶化热处理设备和微晶玻璃的加工设备；所述将玻璃粒料装入模具，然后先经一定热处理核化，再升温晶化获得微晶玻璃产品的设备包括玻璃粒料筛分设备、烘干设备，装入模具核化设备，晶化设备，抛光设备等加工设备。所述澄清冷却室10是内端与取料口联通，外端与所述主料道联通(或者与微晶玻璃成型设备或者将熔融玻璃液淬火成玻璃粒料的设备联通)上方敞口的矩形熔融玻璃池，所述矩形熔融玻璃池由内至外的层次结构依次是电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层。The glass-ceramic melting furnace used to realize the method of the present invention includes a melting pool 1 and a kiln roof and a parapet connecting the kiln roof and the melting pool, a feed port 2 and a material withdrawal port 3, and the parapet passes through a small furnace 4 and is equipped with a reversing The regenerator 5 of the regenerator; the two short parapets of the rectangular melting furnace with long vertical length and short horizontal direction are relatively distributed, and a small furnace 4 that can produce a long-diameter longitudinal flame that can change direction at regular intervals to melt and heat the glass frit in the melting pool of the melting furnace 4 and Equipped with a regenerator 5 with a commutator; extend the distance between the feeding port 3 and the feeding port 2 to fully melt and evenly melt the molten glass, and set a clarification cooling room and a A main forehearth 70 and two side-by-side distribution channels 71 in the same direction as the main forehearth supply the glass liquid to the glass-ceramic molding equipment or the equipment that quenches molten glass into glass pellets. Four relatively side-by-side end feed ports 2 (or two end feed ports distributed diagonally) are configured in total at both ends of the two long side parapets of the melting furnace, which can improve feeding efficiency and production capacity. The glass-ceramic forming equipment is further connected to processing before crystallization, crystallization heat treatment, and glass-ceramic processing equipment; the equipment for quenching molten glass into glass pellets is further connected to put the glass pellets into the mold, and then first undergo a certain process. It is a device for heat treatment nucleation, and then crystallization at elevated temperature to obtain glass-ceramic products. The pre-crystallization processing, crystallization heat treatment, and glass-ceramics processing equipment are pre-crystallization processing equipment for forming glass-ceramics, crystallization heat treatment equipment, and glass-ceramic processing equipment; the glass pellets are loaded into the mold , and then undergo a certain heat treatment to nucleate, and then heat up to crystallize to obtain glass-ceramic products. The equipment includes glass granule screening equipment, drying equipment, mold-loaded nucleation equipment, crystallization equipment, polishing equipment and other processing equipment. The clarification and cooling chamber 10 is open at the top with the inner end in communication with the material intake port and the outer end in communication with the main forehearth (or in communication with glass-ceramics forming equipment or equipment for quenching molten glass into glass pellets). A rectangular molten glass pool, the hierarchical structure of the rectangular molten glass pool from the inside to the outside is a layer of electric fused bricks, a layer of ramming material, a layer of high alumina bricks and a layer of clay bricks.
熔化池底为有利于节能和保证玻璃液质量的复合层强保温池底；所述熔化池底强保温的实现方式是采用电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层、粘土砖层和保温砖层由上至下的池底层次结构；在熔化池1中部设置二道横向间隔墙6来阻挡玻璃液直接流向熔化池中部，在横向间隔墙下面设置能够保证流入熔化池中部玻璃液质量的联通横向间隔墙两侧池底玻璃液流的两个并列流液洞8；位于横向间隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度小于位于横向间隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度来使流到中部熔化池区玻璃液中气泡充分排出；优选位于横向隔墙外侧的两端熔化池区深度0.9m左右和位于横向隔墙之间的中部熔化池区深度0.2--0.3m，增大两区域之间的玻璃液深度差或者压力差，强化中部熔化池区气泡释放强度；所述熔化池1中间设置横向隔断墙9将二道横向间隔墙6之间的熔化池1隔断成熔化不同玻璃料的两个子熔化池区；所述横向隔断墙9为直达两侧熔化池边壁的曲线型横向隔断墙(或者直线型横向隔断墙)；所述曲线型横向隔断墙9是横向隔断墙两端分别通过对称拐头与熔化池边壁相连，在与除两端拐头以内的横向隔断墙中段平行的横向间隔墙中段下面设置流液洞8。所述曲线型横向隔断墙9由与所述横向间隔墙6平行的中段和两端段及连接中段和两端段的两纵向段组成，中段两端分别通过纵向段组连接两端段，两端段再连接熔化池1边壁；两纵向段相对的熔化池边壁上分别设置一个取料口；靠近取料口的流液洞小，远离取料口的流液洞大，优选靠近取料口的流液洞横截面积与远离取料口的流液洞横截面积比1∶9左右；纵向段与横向间隔墙之间的熔化池1底部的层次结构由上至下依次包括电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层和粘土砖层；所述熔化池1边壁与横向间隔墙6和横向隔断墙9高度一致，并都采用电熔砖墙。优选所述横向间隔墙之间的间距小于横向间隔墙与熔化池短边之间的间距。The bottom of the melting pool is a composite layer strong insulation pool bottom that is beneficial to energy saving and ensuring the quality of the glass liquid; the realization method of the strong insulation of the melting pool bottom is to use electric fused brick layer, ramming material layer, high alumina brick layer, clay brick layer and insulation brick layer from top to bottom of the pool bottom hierarchy; in the middle of the melting pool 1, two horizontal partition walls 6 are set to prevent the glass liquid from flowing directly to the middle of the melting pool, and the horizontal partition walls are installed under the horizontal partition wall to ensure that the glass liquid flows into the middle of the melting pool Two side-by-side liquid flow holes 8 for connecting the glass liquid flow at the bottom of the pool on both sides of the transverse partition wall; The bubbles in the molten glass in the middle melting pool area are fully discharged; preferably, the depth of the melting pool area at both ends located outside the transverse partition wall is about 0.9m, and the depth of the middle melting pool area located between the transverse partition walls is 0.2--0.3m. The difference in depth or pressure of the molten glass between the regions strengthens the release strength of the bubbles in the central melting pool area; a transverse partition wall 9 is set in the middle of the melting pool 1 to separate the melting pool 1 between the two transverse partition walls 6 into different glass for melting The two sub-melting pool areas of the material; the transverse partition wall 9 is a curved transverse partition wall (or a linear transverse partition wall) directly reaching the side walls of the melting pools on both sides; the curved transverse partition wall 9 is the two sides of the transverse partition wall The ends are respectively connected to the side walls of the melting pool through symmetrical turning heads, and a liquid flow hole 8 is arranged below the middle section of the transverse partition wall parallel to the middle section of the transverse partition wall except the turning heads at both ends. The curved transverse partition wall 9 is composed of a middle section parallel to the transverse partition wall 6 and two end sections and two longitudinal sections connecting the middle section and the two end sections. The end section is connected to the side wall of the melting pool 1; a feeding port is respectively arranged on the side wall of the melting pool opposite to the two longitudinal sections; the flow hole near the feeding port is small, and the flow hole far away from the feeding port is large, preferably close to the feeding port The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the flow hole at the feed opening to the cross-sectional area of the flow hole away from the feed opening is about 1:9; the hierarchical structure at the bottom of the melting pool 1 between the longitudinal section and the transverse partition wall includes electric Fused brick layer, ramming material layer, high-alumina brick layer and clay brick layer; the side wall of the melting pool 1 is of the same height as the transverse partition wall 6 and the transverse partition wall 9, and all adopt electro-fused brick walls. Preferably, the distance between the transverse partition walls is smaller than the distance between the transverse partition walls and the short sides of the melting pool.
更优选远离取料口的流液洞口径大于临近取料口的流液洞口径使各流液洞的流量相近，保证玻璃质地均匀；优选熔化池深0.2-0.9m，建在熔化池上的整个长方形熔窑的纵向长度为20-90米。另外，所述横向间隔墙和横向隔断墙顶部与玻璃液面之间采用能保证阻挡玻璃液又能纵向火焰顺畅通过5CM左右间距。It is more preferable that the diameter of the liquid hole far away from the material intake port is larger than the diameter of the liquid hole adjacent to the material intake port so that the flow rate of each liquid hole is similar to ensure uniform glass quality; the melting pool is preferably 0.2-0.9m deep, and the entire melting pool built on it The longitudinal length of the rectangular melting furnace is 20-90 meters. In addition, the distance between the horizontal partition wall and the top of the horizontal partition wall and the liquid glass surface is about 5 cm, which can ensure that the glass liquid is blocked and the longitudinal flame can pass through smoothly.
所述加料口采用有利于实现薄层加料和加料口纳入火焰对玻璃料表层进行预加热的前端宽后端窄的喇叭口型和配备电加热预熔设备使玻璃料在加料口预熔；所述电加热预熔设备是向玻璃料表层辐射热量熔化玻璃料表层、防止粉尘污染的上置硅碳棒；所述电加热预熔设备还包括能通过使玻璃料预熔来防止加料口堵塞的设置在玻璃料层内的钼电极。The feeding port adopts a trumpet shape with a wide front end and a narrow rear end, which is beneficial to realize thin layer feeding and the feeding port is incorporated into the flame to preheat the surface layer of the glass frit, and is equipped with electric heating pre-melting equipment to pre-melt the glass frit at the feeding port; The electric heating pre-melting equipment is an upper-mounted silicon carbide rod that radiates heat to the surface of the glass frit to melt the surface of the glass frit and prevents dust pollution; Molybdenum electrodes disposed within the frit layer.
本发明微晶玻璃或者玉石玻璃生产方法和用于实现该的熔窑是利用纵向长横向短的长方形熔窑，两短边胸墙配置相对分布小炉、燃烧系统、蓄热室、换向器，定时换向的一种纵向火焰熔窑，长径纵向火焰对熔窑池内的浮法玻璃料进行熔化加热，通过熔窑内横向设置三道隔墙将熔化池隔分为四个池，熔窑横向中部两边各设置冷却池一个。通过在冷却池取玻璃液成型和在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙两端各配置多个加料口加料达到节能、环保、优质、延长熔窑使用寿命、一窑多个产品的目的。The method for producing glass-ceramics or jade glass of the present invention and the melting furnace for realizing it are rectangular melting furnaces that are long in length and short in width, and the breast walls on two short sides are equipped with relatively distributed small furnaces, combustion systems, regenerators, and commutators A longitudinal flame melting furnace with timed reversing. The long-diameter longitudinal flame melts and heats the float glass material in the melting furnace pool. The melting pool is divided into four pools by setting three partition walls horizontally in the melting furnace. One cooling pool is arranged on both sides of the transverse middle. By taking molten glass in the cooling pool and forming it and configuring multiple feeding ports at both ends of the two long sides of the rectangular melting furnace to feed materials, the goals of energy saving, environmental protection, high quality, prolonging the service life of the melting furnace, and multiple products in one furnace can be achieved.
将传统的横向火焰窑(横向火焰行程长度在6M-16M左右，火焰在熔化池内停留一秒钟左右)改为纵向火焰窑。纵向火焰行程长度20M-130M，(根据客户要求熔窑出料量定火焰长短)火焰在熔化池内停留七秒钟左右，实现热能充分利用，比横向火焰窑节能25％左右，传统浮法玻璃窑池底薄(0.5M左右)不保温，本发明熔窑采用池底强保温(1M以上)，其实现方法是采用电熔砖层、捣打料层、高铝砖层、粘土砖层和保温砖层由上至下的池底层次结构。比池底不保温的传统横向火焰窑节能5％左右，本发明新型熔窑比传统熔窑共计节能30％左右。Change the traditional horizontal flame kiln (the length of the horizontal flame stroke is about 6M-16M, and the flame stays in the melting pool for about one second) into a vertical flame kiln. The longitudinal flame stroke length is 20M-130M, (the length of the flame is determined according to the output of the furnace according to the customer's requirements). The flame stays in the melting pool for about seven seconds to realize the full use of heat energy, which is about 25% more energy-saving than the horizontal flame furnace. The traditional float glass furnace The bottom of the pool is thin (about 0.5M) without heat preservation. The melting furnace of the present invention adopts strong heat preservation at the bottom of the pool (above 1M). Brick layer top to bottom pool bottom hierarchy. The energy saving is about 5% compared with the traditional horizontal flame kiln without heat preservation at the bottom of the pool, and the energy saving of the novel melting furnace of the present invention is about 30% compared with the traditional melting furnace.
通过在长方形熔窑的两个长边胸墙端侧设置多个前端宽后端窄的喇叭口型薄层加料口，喇叭口型是让熔窑池内空间温度向加料口内辐射，在加料口玻璃料层内安置钼电极对原料电加热，加料口上部安置硅碳棒，对原料表层加热预熔，实现基本无玻璃原料粉尘污染，粉尘污染物减排95％左右。根据权利要求2所述节能30％左右就相对减少二氧化碳、二氧化硫污染物排放30％左右；减少粉尘污染物排放95％左右。By setting multiple bell-shaped thin-layer feeding ports with a wide front end and a narrow rear end on the sides of the two long parapet walls of the rectangular melting furnace. Molybdenum electrodes are installed in the layer to electrically heat the raw materials, and silicon carbide rods are placed on the upper part of the feeding port to heat and pre-melt the surface of the raw materials, so that there is basically no dust pollution of glass raw materials, and the emission of dust pollutants is reduced by about 95%. According to claim 2, the energy saving of about 30% can relatively reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide pollutants by about 30%; the emission of dust pollutants can be reduced by about 95%.
通过在熔化池内中部设置三道横向隔墙，将长方形的熔化池隔分成四个池，两端每边一个高温熔化池，长方形中部的横向中部两边各一个排气泡池。在两边的横向隔墙底部各设一大(90％的料通过)一小(10％的料通过)的流液洞。一方面将浮渣挡在熔化区，另一方面90％的料远离取料口，玻璃液在微压力浅区充分排净气泡。小流液洞(10％过料)让两个熔化区没有死料，大大提高玻璃液质量。三道横向隔墙的中间隔墙的作用：一方面能控制玻璃液走向，充分排气泡；另一方面能把一个熔窑隔分为两个熔化池，可以生产两种原料成份区别不大的两种不同的产品。三道横向隔墙的高度与熔化池内(电熔砖)池壁砖一致，既能阻挡玻璃液，又能让纵向火焰在熔窑内顺利纵向通过。By setting three horizontal partition walls in the middle of the melting pool, the rectangular melting pool is divided into four pools, one high-temperature melting pool on each side at both ends, and one air-exhausting pool on each side of the horizontal middle in the middle of the rectangle. A large (90% of the material passes through) a small (10% of the material passes through) flow hole is respectively established at the bottom of the transverse partition wall on both sides. On the one hand, the scum is kept in the melting zone, on the other hand, 90% of the material is far away from the feeding port, and the glass liquid fully discharges the air bubbles in the micro-pressure shallow area. The small liquid hole (10% passing material) makes the two melting zones have no dead material, which greatly improves the quality of the molten glass. The function of the middle partition wall of the three horizontal partition walls: on the one hand, it can control the direction of the glass liquid and fully discharge air bubbles; on the other hand, it can divide a melting furnace into two melting pools, which can produce two kinds of raw materials with little difference in composition. of two different products. The height of the three horizontal partition walls is consistent with the wall bricks in the melting pool (electric fused bricks), which can not only block the glass liquid, but also allow the longitudinal flame to pass through the furnace smoothly.
通过采用纵向火焰在熔窑停留时间长消耗了热能，进入蓄热室火焰温度约1000度左右，比横向火焰窑蓄热室温度低300度左右，蓄热室温度低，使用寿命就长。本发明还有一个特点，熔化面积宽、出料率低。熔化温度设计1520度左右，比传统熔窑(同材质)可延长熔窑使用寿命一倍左右(15年左右)。Longitudinal flame stays in the furnace to consume heat energy, and the temperature of the flame entering the regenerator is about 1000 degrees, which is about 300 degrees lower than that of the regenerator of the transverse flame kiln. The temperature of the regenerator is low and the service life is long. Another feature of the present invention is that the melting area is wide and the discharge rate is low. The melting temperature is designed to be about 1520 degrees, which can extend the service life of the furnace by about one time (about 15 years) compared with the traditional furnace (same material).
熔窑横向中部两边各设置冷却池一个，将玻璃液冷却后通过取料口去成型。所述在熔化池长边中部设置单边一个取料口或两边各设置一个取料口，实现一窑单线出产品或一窑多线出产品，并可一窑出两种产品(化学成份接近)。A cooling pool is installed on both sides of the horizontal middle of the melting furnace, and the glass liquid is cooled and formed through the feeding port. In the middle part of the long side of the melting pool, one material intake port on one side or one material intake port on each side is provided to realize a single-line output product from a kiln or a multi-line output product from a kiln, and two types of products can be output from one kiln (chemical composition close to ).
本发明就是将传统横向火焰改为纵向火焰，池深改为深区、浅区并隔离；采用流液洞取料法，池底强化保温，横向两端预熔加料，横向中部单线或多线成形，增大溶化池面积，降低熔化温度和出料率。比横向火焰窑节能30％以上，减少CO2和SO2排放量30％左右，减少原料粉尘颗粒物排放量95％以上，延长熔窑使用寿命两倍以上，微晶玻璃质量大幅度提高，无气泡，玻筋。The present invention changes the traditional horizontal flame into a vertical flame, and the pool depth is changed into a deep area and a shallow area and isolating; adopts the method of taking material from the liquid hole, strengthens the heat preservation at the bottom of the pool, pre-melts and feeds materials at both ends of the horizontal direction, and single or multiple lines in the horizontal middle Forming, increasing the area of the melting pool, reducing the melting temperature and output rate. Compared with the horizontal flame furnace, it can save energy by more than 30%, reduce the emission of CO2 and SO2 by about 30%, reduce the emission of dust and particulate matter from raw materials by more than 95%, prolong the service life of the melting furnace by more than two times, and the quality of glass-ceramics is greatly improved without air bubbles , Glass bars.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2742681C1 (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-02-09 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «БАЗОВЫЕ МИНЕРАЛ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ» | Furnace unit for the production of x-ray protective glass |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2563153Y (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2003-07-30 | 苗长斌 | Heat exchanging type double vault longitudinal flame small glass shell pool furnace |
| CN102234172A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-09 | 信义光伏产业(安徽)控股有限公司 | Ultrawhite calendering glass kiln |
| CN202643333U (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-01-02 | 中国中轻国际工程有限公司 | T-shaped water glass melting furnace |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2563153Y (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2003-07-30 | 苗长斌 | Heat exchanging type double vault longitudinal flame small glass shell pool furnace |
| CN102234172A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-09 | 信义光伏产业(安徽)控股有限公司 | Ultrawhite calendering glass kiln |
| CN202643333U (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-01-02 | 中国中轻国际工程有限公司 | T-shaped water glass melting furnace |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2742681C1 (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-02-09 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «БАЗОВЫЕ МИНЕРАЛ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ» | Furnace unit for the production of x-ray protective glass |
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