CN104719112A - Substrate for culturing high-quality strong tomato seedlings in dry and hot areas - Google Patents
Substrate for culturing high-quality strong tomato seedlings in dry and hot areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN104719112A CN104719112A CN201510114180.0A CN201510114180A CN104719112A CN 104719112 A CN104719112 A CN 104719112A CN 201510114180 A CN201510114180 A CN 201510114180A CN 104719112 A CN104719112 A CN 104719112A
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- grams
- seedling
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- substrate
- peat
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- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 title description 20
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000005802 Mancozeb Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NYRAVIYBIHCEGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[Ca] Chemical compound [K].[Ca] NYRAVIYBIHCEGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000020408 systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a substrate for culturing high-quality strong tomato seedlings in dry and hot areas. The substrate is formed by mixing 2 cubic meters of Pindstrup peat, 2 cubic meters of perlite, 1200 grams of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 3600 grams of high-calcium high-potassium fertilizer and 7200 grams of calcium magnesium phosphate. The substrate is quick in seedling emerge and high in emergency rate, wherein the emergency rate reaches 98% or higher, the survival rate is high after the seedlings are transplanted to fields and reaches 98% or higher, the seedling quality is good, no diseases happen 30 days after the seedlings are transplanted, and diseases of tomato roots are effectively controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soilless culture substrate, be specifically related to the matrix formulations that high-quality tomato strong sprout is cultivated in xeothermic area.
Background technology
No matter be produce vegetables or flower plants and nursery stock, seedling medium is all the key factor of producing high quality of products.The function of seedling medium should be similar to soil, and such plant just can better conform, and grows fast.Seedling medium more common is in the market mainly peat soil, turfy soil, gardens vermiculite, perlite etc., more common formula is peat soil+gardening vermiculite+perlite, this type of formula is used for general vegetables, flower seedling raising effect is pretty good, but the nursery of tomato is carried out in xeothermic area, require higher to weather, matrix, liquid manure etc., adopt general common prescription nursery easily to cause tomato seedling weak, seedling-growing time is long, the problems such as disease is many, and transplanting survival rate is low.
Xeothermic area refers to high temperature, area, low humidity river valley, is mostly distributed in the torrid zone or subtropical zone.In region, sunlight-heat reaources enriches, and hot climate is short of rain, severe water and soil erosion, and ecology is very fragile, and the natural calamity such as cold, drought, wind, worm, grass, fire is outstanding especially.The xeothermic area of China is mainly distributed in the areas such as the riverine Sichuan such as Jinsha jiang River, Yuanjiang River, Nujiang, Nanpanjiang River, Yunnan and Guizhou.
Denmark is European second largest potted flower exported country, and " Pin Shi Top peat " that Denmark produces occupies 45% market share in commercialization potted flower produces, and is the import matrix that this area is familiar with." Pin Shi Top peat " has good permeability, is conducive to root system air and exchanges growth, the gases such as carbonic acid gas are fully exchanged, solve after clayed soil waters easily harden, problem that air cannot exchange.Moisture holding capacity is especially at home on peat, solving the nutrient that to ensure while nutrition is not outflowed needed for plant growth.
Summary of the invention
It is weak that object of the present invention is intended to overcome xeothermic regional tomato seedling, the defects such as required time of emerging is long, and disease is many, and transplanting survival rate is low, provides a kind of matrix being suitable for cultivating in xeothermic area high-quality tomato strong sprout.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The matrix in high-quality tomato strong sprout is cultivated in xeothermic area, it is characterized in that: mixed by 2 cubic metres, Pin Shi Top peat, perlite 2 cubic metres, 70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams, high calcium potassium treasured 3600 grams and 7200 grams, fused calcium magnesium phosphate.
Further, in described high calcium potassium treasured, N is 13%, P
2o
5be 3%, K
2o is 10%, CaO is 5%; P in described fused calcium magnesium phosphate
2o
5content is 18%, CaO be 18%, MgO is 12%; Described in each fertilizer, percentage is mass fraction.
Further, described perlitic particle diameter is 0.2cm-0.5cm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Matrix formulations of the present invention is emerged soon, emergence rate is high, reaches 98%, and after transplanting land for growing field crops, survival rate is high, and reach 98%, seedling quality is excellent, and still disease-free generation in 30 days after transplanting, has prevented and treated tomato root disease effectively; Matrix formulations of the present invention is compared with in embodiment, other is filled a prescription (comprising contrast), seedling-growing time shifts to an earlier date 5-10 days, and emergence rate improves 11.36%-22.5%, transplants the survival rate behind land for growing field crops and improves 8.89%-25.64%, seedling quality is optimum, creates excellent technique effect.
Embodiment
Following examples are conventional method without specified otherwise.
1, materials and methods
1.1 test materials:
Pin Shi Top peat is import matrix, i.e. Denmark's matrix of producing, the means of agricultural production material such as common domestic peat (hereinafter referred to as domestic peat), perlite (particle diameter 0.2cm-0.5cm perlite), vermiculite, tomato seeds, 70% mancozeb wettable powder, high calcium potassium treasured, fused calcium magnesium phosphate all can be bought from commercial channel.In described high calcium potassium treasured, N is 13%, P
2o
5be 3%, K
2o is 10%, CaO is 5% (namely water-soluble calcium is in CaO); P in described fused calcium magnesium phosphate
2o
5han Liang≤18%, CaO≤18%, MgO≤12%.
1.2 test site basic situations: test is selected in little third science and technology demonstration of Yunnan Province's Chuxiong Prefecture Yuanmou County, height above sea level 1150 meters, average temperature of the whole year 21.9 DEG C are the maximum factorial seedling growth bases of Yuanmou County.Test kind is Lapie's tomato species, long 76 meters of test seedbed, wide 1.1 meters, high 0.8 meter, carries out nursery with the cave dish of long 53.5 ㎝, wide 28 ㎝, and cave dish specification is 105 holes.
1.3 experimental scheme: seedbed, experimental plot area 209 ㎡, arrange 6 formulas and a contrast (CK) altogether.Contrast (CK) is domestic peat; Be respectively charged into cave dish, often kind of a formula fills 20 dishes.
Precious 7200 grams, the 3600 grams+fused calcium magnesium phosphate of formula 1: Pin Shi Top's peat, 2 cubic metre of+70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams+high calcium potassium.
Formula 2: precious 7200 grams, the 3600 grams+fused calcium magnesium phosphate of domestic peat 2 cubic metre of+70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams+high calcium potassium.
Formula 3 (matrix formulations of the present invention): precious 7200 grams, the 3600 grams+fused calcium magnesium phosphate of Pin Shi Top peat 2 cubic metres+perlite 2 cubic metre of+70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams+high calcium potassium.
Formula 4: precious 7200 grams, the 3600 grams+fused calcium magnesium phosphate of domestic peat 2 cubic metres+perlite 2 cubic metre of+70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams+high calcium potassium.
Precious 7200 grams, the 3600 grams+fused calcium magnesium phosphate of formula 5: Pin Shi Top's peat, 2 cubic metres+vermiculite, 2 cubic metre of+70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams+high calcium potassium.
Formula 6: precious 7200 grams, the 3600 grams+fused calcium magnesium phosphate of domestic peat 2 cubic metres+vermiculite 2 cubic metre of+70% mancozeb 1200 grams+high calcium potassium.
Each component mixes by formula by the preparation method of each formula above.
Contrast (CK): domestic peat.
1.4 control times and number of times:
Sowing time: on June 10th, 2013;
Control time: on June 15th, 2013 (after planting the 5th day), on June 20th, 2013 (after planting the tenth day), on June 25th, 2013 (after planting the 15 day), June 30 (after planting Ahau) in 2013, on July 5th, 2013 (after planting the 25 day), in on August 5th, 2013 (survival rate investigation after transplanting for after transplanting the 30th day), investigate 6 times altogether.
1.5 investigation methods: after planting, sampling 100 strain of often kind of formula, listing mark, measures every 5 days that plant height, stem are thick, the sheet number etc. of true leaf.
1.6 meteorological datas: investigation 16 temperature of shed 35 DEG C in afternoon June 15 2013 day, outdoor 31 DEG C, weather is fine; Afternoon June 20 in 2013 16 temperature of shed 34 DEG C, outdoor 29 DEG C, weather is fine; Afternoon June 25 in 2013 16 temperature of shed 34 DEG C, outdoor 30 DEG C, weather is fine; Afternoon June 30 in 2013 16 temperature of shed 30 DEG C, outdoor 28 DEG C, weather is cloudy; Afternoon July 5 in 2013 16 temperature of shed 28 DEG C, outdoor 25.5 DEG C, weather shower.
1.7 pilot survey data are as following table table 1-table 6:
Table 1 tomato species after planting the 5th day application form
Table 2 tomato species after planting the tenth day application form
Table 3 tomato species after planting the 15 day application form
Table 4 tomato species is Ahau application form after planting
Table 5 tomato species after planting the 25 day application form
1.8 transplant rear survival rate investigation:
Test site: Yuanmou County Fa Na standing grain village of Yunnan Province.
Transplanting time: on July 5th, 2013.
Control time: on August 5th, 2013.
Experimental scheme: the seedling that often kind of matrix formulations is cultivated plants 2 row, often row 20 strain.Transplant growing way and survival rate in latter one month to contrast in table 6.
Table 6 tomato is investigated after transplanting on the 30th day
2, test results and analysis
2.1 emergence rate contrasts
6 kinds of different formulations were by 5 investigation (table 1-table 5) of after planting the 5th day, the 10th day, the 15th day, the 20th day, the 25th day.
Formula 1 (with recipe ratio of the present invention, lacking perlite) final emergence rate is 88%.
The final emergence rate of formula 2 (with recipe ratio of the present invention, lack perlite, and peat being domestic peat) is 86%.
The final emergence rate of formula 3 (formulas of the present invention) is 98%.
The final emergence rate of formula 4 (with recipe ratio of the present invention, peat is domestic peat) is 87%.
The final emergence rate of formula 5 (with recipe ratio of the present invention, perlite is changed to vermiculite) is 88%.
Formula 6 and recipe ratio of the present invention, perlite is changed to vermiculite, and peat is domestic peat) final emergence rate is 87%.
Contrast (CK) (only using domestic peat) final emergence rate of filling a prescription is 80%.
Can find out that formula 3 (formula of the present invention) emergence rate is optimum thus, comparatively other formula (comprising contrast) emergence rate improves 11.36%-22.5%.
2.2 seedling-growing time contrasts
Can find out that formula 1, the 3 seedling time of all sprouting is 10 days by table 1-table 5 data, formula 2,4 and contrast (CK) seedling time of all sprouting are 15 days, and filling a prescription 5,6 then has Some seeds after the 15th day still emerge (the seedling time of all sprouting is 20 days).Can find out that formula 1,3 seedling-growing time is emerged in advance compared with other formula (comprising contrast) for 5-10 days thus.
2.3 seedling quality contrasts
6 kinds of different formulations were by 5 investigation (table 1-table 5) of after planting the 5th day, the 10th day, the 15th day, the 20th day, the 25th day,, stem high by stem is thick, disease etc. is observed visible, formula 3 (formulas of the present invention) optimum on seedling quality.
2.3 transplant rear survival rate contrast
Transplant " Invest, Then Investigate " data in table 6, can be found out by data, on survival rate after transplanting and seedling quality, formula 3 (formula of the present invention) is optimum, survival rate after transplanting is to 98%, survival rate comparatively after other formula (comprising contrast) transplanting improves 8.89%-25.64%, still disease-free generation in 30 days after transplanting.
The observation of 2.4 safeties:
From test seedbed, by after planting observing for 5 times, all formulas all do not find that tomato seedling is abnormal, do not find to burn the phenomenons such as seedling.
Above-mentioned result of the test shows:
The present invention fills a prescription: precious 7200 grams, the 3600 grams+fused calcium magnesium phosphate of Pin Shi Top peat 2 cubic metres+perlite 2 cubic metre of+70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams+high calcium potassium, on seedbed, performance is optimum, optimum is showed after transplanting, seedling-growing time morning (the seedling time of all sprouting is 10 days), emergence rate are high, reach 98%, and after transplanting land for growing field crops, survival rate is high, reach 98%, seedling quality is excellent, and still disease-free generation in 30 days after transplanting, has prevented and treated tomato root disease effectively; Compared with other of above-mentioned test is filled a prescription (comprising contrast), seedling-growing time shifts to an earlier date 5-10 days, and emergence rate improves 11.36%-22.5%, transplants the survival rate behind land for growing field crops and improves 8.89%-25.64%, seedling quality is optimum, creates excellent technique effect.As can be seen here, formula of the present invention is cultivated high-quality tomato seedling in xeothermic area and is had strong advantage, and formula feasibility is strong.
Claims (3)
1. the matrix in high-quality tomato strong sprout is cultivated in xeothermic area, it is characterized in that: mixed by 2 cubic metres, Pin Shi Top peat, perlite 2 cubic metres, 70% mancozeb wettable powder 1200 grams, high calcium potassium treasured 3600 grams and 7200 grams, fused calcium magnesium phosphate.
2. the matrix in high-quality tomato strong sprout is cultivated in xeothermic area according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described high calcium potassium treasured, N is 13%, P
2o
5be 3%, K
2o is 10%, CaO is 5%; P in described fused calcium magnesium phosphate
2o
5content is 18%, CaO be 18%, MgO is 12%; Percentage described in each fertilizer is mass fraction.
3. the matrix in high-quality tomato strong sprout is cultivated in xeothermic area according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described perlitic particle diameter is 0.2cm-0.5cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510114180.0A CN104719112A (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2015-03-16 | Substrate for culturing high-quality strong tomato seedlings in dry and hot areas |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510110255 | 2015-03-13 | ||
| CN2015101102558 | 2015-03-13 | ||
| CN201510114180.0A CN104719112A (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2015-03-16 | Substrate for culturing high-quality strong tomato seedlings in dry and hot areas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104719112A true CN104719112A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
Family
ID=53443987
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510114180.0A Pending CN104719112A (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2015-03-16 | Substrate for culturing high-quality strong tomato seedlings in dry and hot areas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1323043A1 (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1987-07-15 | Институт Физиологии Растений Ан Усср | Substrate for growing tomatoes in sheltered ground |
| WO2001000543A2 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-04 | Henri Dinel | Plant growing media |
| CN101889533A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-11-24 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of artificial substrate for cultivating tomato seedlings |
| CN103181317A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-03 | 扬州瑞华环境与生物工程研究所有限公司 | Plug seedling substrate of tomatoes and preparation method |
| CN103355153A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司 | Method mixing choline chloride and prohexadione calcium to cultivate tomato strong seedlings |
| CN103598071A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-26 | 柯义清 | Substrate formula for tomato plug seedling |
| CN104221646A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-12-24 | 天津大学 | Method for raising tomato seedlings by cuttage on stock with cut roots |
-
2015
- 2015-03-16 CN CN201510114180.0A patent/CN104719112A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1323043A1 (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1987-07-15 | Институт Физиологии Растений Ан Усср | Substrate for growing tomatoes in sheltered ground |
| WO2001000543A2 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-04 | Henri Dinel | Plant growing media |
| CN101889533A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-11-24 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of artificial substrate for cultivating tomato seedlings |
| CN103181317A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-03 | 扬州瑞华环境与生物工程研究所有限公司 | Plug seedling substrate of tomatoes and preparation method |
| CN103355153A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司 | Method mixing choline chloride and prohexadione calcium to cultivate tomato strong seedlings |
| CN103598071A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-26 | 柯义清 | Substrate formula for tomato plug seedling |
| CN104221646A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-12-24 | 天津大学 | Method for raising tomato seedlings by cuttage on stock with cut roots |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 张文新: "《无公害番茄致富生产技术问答》", 28 February 2013, 中国农业出版社 * |
| 杜刚强等: "保护地番茄"金冠一号"的栽培技术", 《内蒙古农业科技》 * |
| 王红霞等: "防治无土栽培番茄缺素症十二法", 《河北农业》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150624 |
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