CN104713500A - Swath section measuring instrument and measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a straw cross-section measuring instrument and a measuring method, which belong to the field of measuring devices. The measuring instrument includes a support device, on which a horizontal bar is provided, and a distance measuring instrument slidingly connected thereto is provided on the horizontal bar. The measuring method includes the steps of: putting reflective cloth on the grass strip; erecting the measuring instrument above the grass strip, making the length direction of the horizontal bar of the measuring instrument perpendicular to the length direction of the grass strip, and sliding the rangefinder to the left end of the horizontal bar ;Measure the distance between the grass strip and the rangefinder with the rangefinder; move the rangefinder to the right for a certain distance and measure the distance between the rangefinder and the reflective cloth; repeat the previous step. The measuring instrument has a simple structure and low cost, and can quickly measure and calculate the cross-sectional shape and area of the grass strip. The measurement method is simple to use, has high efficiency and high accuracy, and can quickly measure and calculate the cross section of the grass strip.

Description

Measuring instrument and method for cross-section of straw

technical field

The invention relates to the field of measuring devices, in particular to a grass section measuring instrument and a measuring method.

Background technique

In the pasture mechanized harvesting operation, it is necessary to use a hay rake to spread and collect the mowed pasture. The mowed pasture is gathered into grass strips for drying by the hay rake machine. The internal pores of the over-dense grass strips are small, the ventilation effect is poor, and it is not conducive to the circulation of air, which makes the pasture dry unevenly and affects the quality of forage products. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the straw directly reflects the quality of the straw, which affects the subsequent picking and bundling operations. Good-quality grass strips (even and symmetrical) have a high rate of picking and bundling. The working quality of the rake can be monitored by detecting the cross-section of the grass, and the working parameters of the rake can be adjusted in time through the measured index of the cross-section of the grass, which can reduce the loss rate of forage in mechanized harvesting and improve the quality of forage.

In the traditional forage production process, there is no good instrument and equipment for measuring the cross-section of grass strips. The measurement work is determined by the experience and judgment of the staff. The error is large, and the quality of the forage produced is poor.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a straw cross-section measuring instrument and a measuring method, aiming at improving the above problems.

The present invention is achieved like this:

The utility model relates to a straw cross-section measuring instrument, which includes a supporting device, on which a horizontal bar is arranged, and a distance measuring instrument slidingly connected with the horizontal bar is arranged on the horizontal bar.

This measuring instrument is mainly used to measure the section of the grass (or haystack), specifically, to measure the longitudinal section (or longitudinal section) of the grass, and more specifically, to measure the area and shape of the longitudinal section of the grass ; When in use, the longitudinal section of the grass strip is not directly measured, but measured by an indirect method.

Further, the supporting device includes two sets of brackets, and the two sets of brackets are respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal bar. The supporting device of this structure is relatively common and easy to use.

Preferably, the two sets of brackets are height-adjustable tripods. In actual use, the shape of the ground may be uneven. Adjust the height of each bracket to make the rangefinder at a suitable height, and make the heights of the brackets at both ends consistent, so that the rangefinder is in a horizontal position, which is conducive to accurate measurement of data.

Preferably, a slider is provided on the horizontal bar, and the range finder is arranged on the slider. The sliding connection between the distance meter and the horizontal rod can be realized through the sliding block.

Further, a level is provided on the supporting device. The height of each bracket is adjusted by a spirit level, so that the horizontal bar can be leveled.

Preferably, a spirit level is provided on the brackets of the two groups. The cooperating use of the two spirit levels can enable the staff to adjust the level bar to the level as soon as possible.

Preferably, a scale layer is provided on the horizontal bar. When the staff moves the rangefinder, they can refer to the scale on the scale layer, so that the displacement of each movement is consistent, which is more conducive to the accuracy of the data.

Optionally, the range finder is an infrared range finder. Infrared range finder makes measurement better and lower cost.

Further, the measuring part of the range finder faces downward.

A method for measuring the cross-section of a grass sliver, using the above-mentioned slat cross-section measuring instrument, comprising the steps of:

Put reflective cloth on the grass;

Set up the measuring instrument above the grass strip, make the length direction of the horizontal bar of the measuring instrument perpendicular to the length direction of the grass strip, and slide the distance meter to the left end of the horizontal bar;

Use a distance meter to measure the distance between the grass strip and the distance meter;

Move the rangefinder to the right for a certain distance and measure the distance between the rangefinder and the reflective cloth;

Repeat the previous step.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the straw section measuring instrument obtained by the above design of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost, and can quickly measure and calculate the cross-sectional shape and area of the straw, so it can be widely popularized and applied. In addition, this measuring instrument can be used not only to measure the section of straw, but also to measure the shape and size of other objects. The method for measuring the cross-section of the grass is simple to use, has high efficiency and high accuracy, and can quickly measure and calculate the cross-section of the grass.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus It should be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the front view of the straw section measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view of the straw section measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view of the straw section measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the rear view of the straw section measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the axonometric view of the straw section measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the front view of the straw section measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention when in use;

Fig. 7 is an axonometric view of the straw section measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention in use.

The marks in the figure are:

Horizontal bar 101; Rangefinder 102; Support 103; Slider 104; Level 105;

Grass 201; reflective cloth 202; ground 203.

Detailed ways

In the pasture mechanized harvesting operation, it is necessary to use a hay rake to spread and collect the mowed pasture. The mowed pasture is gathered into grass strips for drying by the hay rake machine. The internal pores of the over-dense grass strips are small, the ventilation effect is poor, and it is not conducive to the circulation of air, which makes the pasture dry unevenly and affects the quality of forage products. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the straw directly reflects the quality of the straw, which affects the subsequent picking and bundling operations. Good-quality grass strips (even and symmetrical) have a high rate of picking and bundling. The working quality of the rake can be monitored by detecting the cross-section of the grass, and the working parameters of the rake can be adjusted in time through the measured index of the cross-section of the grass, which can reduce the loss rate of forage in mechanized harvesting and improve the quality of forage.

In the traditional forage production process, there is no good instrument and equipment for measuring the cross-section of grass strips. The measurement work is determined by the experience and judgment of the staff. The error is large, and the quality of the forage produced is poor.

Those skilled in the art have been looking for a tool or method to improve this problem for a long time.

In view of this, the designer of the present invention has designed a kind of straw section measuring instrument through long-term exploration and trial, as well as many times of experiments and efforts, and has designed a straw section measuring instrument. improve the above problems.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Orientation or position indicated by "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. The relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore It should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

See Figure 1-Figure 7

The straw section measuring instrument provided in this embodiment includes a support device, on which a horizontal rod 101 is provided, and a range finder 102 slidably connected to the horizontal rod 101 is provided.

This measuring instrument is mainly used to measure the cross section of the grass strip 201 (or be the haystack), specifically, measure the longitudinal section of the grass strip 201 (or be called the longitudinal section, that is, the section perpendicular to the length direction of the grass strip), more specifically , is to measure the area and shape of the longitudinal section of the grass strip 201; when in use, the longitudinal section of the grass strip 201 is not directly measured, but is measured by an indirect method.

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, what the measuring instrument directly measures is the distance between the rangefinder 102 and the outer surface of the grass strip 201, and then by connecting an external device (such as a notebook computer), sorting out the data, and outputting an image, it can be drawn. The section shape of the haystack, the area of the section can be calculated by calculus equation or other auxiliary software.

After the pasture is mowed, it is huddled into grass strips 201 by a hay rake, the purpose of which is to make the pasture fully dry and facilitate the collection of hay. There are gaps or gaps on the surface of the integrated grass strip 201, and there may be large errors in direct measurement with the rangefinder 102. Therefore, reflective cloth 202 needs to be put on the grass strip 201 before measurement (after the reflective cloth 202 is put on, the distance meter 102 measures the distance between the range finder 102 and the reflective cloth 202).

The production principle of the reflective cloth 202 is as follows: the glass beads with high refractive index are coated or coated on the surface of the cloth base, so that the ordinary cloth can reflect light under the light, and the material of the reflective cloth is light and soft. Can accurately reflect the shape of the covering. The grass strip 201 equipped with the reflective cloth 202 is very convenient for measurement.

The measuring instrument is erected on the grass strip 201 so that the length direction of the horizontal bar 101 is perpendicular to the length direction of the grass strip 201 (not strictly vertical, and a slight deviation does not affect the measurement).

Slide the rangefinder 102 to the left end of the horizontal bar 101, where the left end refers to the direction shown in FIG. 6 .

There are roughly three types of range finders currently in use: laser range finders, ultrasonic range finders, and infrared range finders.

The laser rangefinder is an instrument that uses laser to accurately measure the distance of the target. When the laser range finder is working, it emits a very thin laser beam to the target, and the photoelectric element receives the laser beam reflected by the target. The timer measures the time from the launch to the reception of the laser beam, and calculates the distance from the observer to the target. The laser range finder has high measurement accuracy, low light attenuation rate and high cost, and is suitable for long-distance measurement.

The ultrasonic range finder measures according to the characteristics of ultrasonic waves reflected back when encountering obstacles. The ultrasonic transmitter emits ultrasonic waves in a certain direction, and starts timing at the same time as the emission. The ultrasonic waves propagate in the air, and return immediately when encountering obstacles on the way, and the ultrasonic receiver immediately interrupts and stops timing when it receives the reflected wave. By continuously detecting the echoes reflected by obstacles after the generated waves are emitted, the time difference T between the emitted ultrasonic waves and the received echoes is measured, and then the distance L is calculated. Because ultrasonic waves are greatly affected by the surrounding environment, the general measurement distance is relatively short and the measurement accuracy is relatively low.

Infrared rangefinder is an instrument that uses modulated infrared light for precise distance measurement. It uses the principle of non-diffusion when infrared rays propagate: because infrared rays have a small refractive index when passing through other substances, when infrared rays from the rangefinder hit reflective objects It is reflected back and received by the rangefinder, and then the distance can be calculated according to the time from sending out to being received and the propagation speed of infrared rays. The advantages of infrared ranging are cheap, easy to manufacture, safe, especially suitable for short-distance measurement.

Therefore, preferably, the range finder 102 here adopts an infrared range finder 102, so that its measurement effect is better and the cost is lower.

Generally, when measuring the grass 201 , the grass 201 is located below the rangefinder 102 , so the measuring part of the rangefinder 102 needs to be set downward.

When measuring, multi-point measurement is required. Specifically, the rangefinder 102 is moved to the right by a certain distance, a measurement is performed each time the distance is moved, and the measured data is recorded. Those skilled in the art should understand the meaning of a certain distance here. The smaller the displacement of the rangefinder 102 each time, the more accurate the measured data will be, and the larger the distance moved each time, the more accurate the measured error will be. bigger.

Preferably, a scale layer is provided on the level, and the staff can refer to the scale on the scale layer when moving the rangefinder 102, so that the displacement of each movement is consistent, which is more conducive to the accuracy of data.

According to the measured data, a cross-sectional view of the grass strip 201 can be drawn, and then its area can be calculated.

If the cross-sectional area of the grass strip 201 is too small, it may be that the forage inside is too dense, which is not conducive to the drying of the forage and affects the quality of the forage; the uneven cross-sectional shape of the grass strip 201 will affect the subsequent baling operation and affect the quality of the forage. quality. The unevenness here means that one side of the grass strip 201 is too dense and the other side is too thin.

The bundling operation is completed by the picking and bundling machine, which is an existing equipment. The picking and bundling machine can automatically complete the picking, bundling and bundling of pasture, rice, wheat and kneaded corn stalks. It is widely used It is suitable for collecting and bundling dry and green grass, rice, wheat and corn stalks. The machine has the characteristics of compact structure, convenient operation and high reliability. The formed bale is small and compact, and the inside of the bale is loose and the outside is tight, which has good air permeability and is convenient for transportation and storage.

After obtaining the cross-sectional diagram and area, the staff can adjust the unsuitable part of the cross-section to make it well ventilated and conducive to drying. At the same time, adjust the operating parameters of the hay rake to improve its operating quality and ensure subsequent baling operations.

Preferably, the supporting device includes two groups of brackets 103 , and the two groups of brackets 103 are respectively arranged at two ends of the horizontal bar 101 . The supporting device of this structure is relatively common and easy to use.

Preferably, the two sets of brackets 103 are tripods with adjustable height, and tripods with this structure are existing. In actual use, the shape of the ground 203 may be uneven. Adjust the height of each bracket 103 so that the rangefinder 102 is at a suitable height, and make the heights of the brackets 103 at both ends consistent so that the rangefinder 102 is in a horizontal position, which is conducive to data accurate measurement.

The rangefinder 102 is an existing product, and its exterior generally does not have any parts that enable it to be slidably connected to the horizontal bar 101 , so other parts are needed to realize the slidable connection with the horizontal bar 101 . Specifically, a slider 104 is arranged on the horizontal bar 101 , and the range finder 102 is arranged on the slider 104 . The sliding connection between the rangefinder 102 and the horizontal bar 101 can be realized through the slider 104 .

In order to make the horizontal bar 101 in a horizontal position, a spirit level 105 is also arranged on the supporting device, and the height of each support 103 can be adjusted by the level instrument 105 during use, so that the horizontal bar 101 can be in a horizontal position.

Specifically, a level 105 is provided on the two sets of brackets 103 . The cooperating use of the two spirit levels 105 can enable the staff to adjust the level bar 101 to the level as soon as possible. Optionally, a spirit level 105 is also provided on the slider 104, and the cooperation of three spirit levels 105 can make the work more efficient.

The spirit level 105 is an existing device, and its classification is many. The spirit level 105 here is preferably a level bubble (also called a level bubble), which is simple in structure, easy to use, and low in cost.

The straw section measuring instrument provided in this embodiment has a simple structure and low cost, and can quickly measure and calculate the cross-sectional shape and area of the straw 201 , so it can be widely used. In addition, this measuring instrument can be used not only to measure the section of the straw 201, but also to measure the shape and size of other objects; its usage method is not limited to the above, and those skilled in the art can choose a suitable usage method according to the actual situation. The method for measuring the cross-section of the grass strip provided in this embodiment is simple to use, has high efficiency and high accuracy, and can quickly measure and calculate the cross-section of the grass strip 201 .

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A straw cross-section measuring instrument is characterized in that it comprises a support device, which is provided with a horizontal bar, and the horizontal bar is provided with a range finder that is slidably connected with it. 2. The straw cross-section measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the supporting device comprises two sets of brackets, and the two sets of brackets are respectively arranged at two ends of the horizontal bar. 3. The straw section measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, the two groups of supports are height-adjustable tripods. 4. The straw cross-section measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein a slide block is arranged on the horizontal bar, and the distance measuring instrument is arranged on the slide block. 5. The straw section measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that a level is provided on the support device. 6. The straw cross-section measuring instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, a spirit level is provided on the supports of the two groups. 7. The straw section measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that a scale layer is provided on the horizontal bar. 8. The straw section measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, the range finder is an infrared range finder. 9. The straw section measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, the measuring part of the distance measuring instrument faces downward. 10. A method for measuring the cross-section of a straw, using the straw cross-section measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: Put reflective cloth on the grass; Set up the measuring instrument above the grass strip, make the length direction of the horizontal bar of the measuring instrument perpendicular to the length direction of the grass strip, and slide the distance meter to the left end of the horizontal bar; Use a distance meter to measure the distance between the reflective cloth and the distance meter; Move the rangefinder to the right for a certain distance and measure the distance between the rangefinder and the reflective cloth; Repeat the previous step.