CN104696012B - Drilling system and its well kick alarm mechanism and method - Google Patents
Drilling system and its well kick alarm mechanism and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104696012B CN104696012B CN201310655324.4A CN201310655324A CN104696012B CN 104696012 B CN104696012 B CN 104696012B CN 201310655324 A CN201310655324 A CN 201310655324A CN 104696012 B CN104696012 B CN 104696012B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Include the probing combination with drill string, drill bit and standpipe and well kick alarm mechanism the present invention relates to drilling system and its well kick alarm mechanism and method more particularly to a kind of drilling system.The mechanism includes drilling controller, for exporting enabling signal to start drilling operation and for exporting interrupt signal to interrupt drilling operation；Several main arrangement for detecting, for detecting several and relevant characteristic signal of well kick under drilling operation；Weight arrangement for detecting, for the detecting under interrupt status and the relevant weight signal of well kick；And processor, for being based on this feature signal and weight signal assess whether that well kick occurs.The invention further relates to well kick alarm methods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to drilling systems, more particularly to well kick in carrying out oil well drilling process（Kick）Carry out
The alarm mechanism and method of prediction.
Background technology
From subsurface formations（Subsurface Formation）To find and open spy hydrocarbon（Hydrocarbon）,
Oil is exploited as oil has been carried out many decades, such as in Haiti drilling well.In general, in probing offshore field（Offshore
Well）When, rotatable drill bit（Drill Bit）It is arranged in drill string（Drill String）End under sea bed to drill out drilling well
Hole.Surface platform, as surface platform or drilling ship control drill bit by drill string.Meanwhile standpipe（Riser or water proof
Pipe）It is arranged to connect the well head formed on surface platform and sea bed（Wellhead）.Drill string carrys out pilot bit to well across standpipe
At mouthful.
In drilling process, drill string obtains necessary energy driving drill bit rotation from surface platform.Therebetween, setting is come to exist
The drilling fluid of the fluid tank of surface platform（Or drilling mud, Drilling mud）Drill bit is reached by drill string, is then led to
Cross the annular space Returning fluid tank being arranged between drill string and riser package.Drilling fluid maintains certain hydrostatic pressure
（Hydrostatic Pressure）To balance the pressure of the fluid from well bore and be cooled down to drill bit.In addition, probing
The material generated in fluid and well bore forming process is mixed carries out subsequent processing to carry it to sea.
In some cases, the pressure of drilling fluid can be more than from the pressure of the fluid entered in sea bed in well bore,
It can cause to enter undesirable fluid into well bore, this can be described as well kick in the industry.The probing stream of return can usually be passed through
Body flow is more than the case where flow of the drilling fluid in drill string to determine the generation of well kick.In certain circumstances, well
The generation gushed has potential risks, can cause equipment damage and be adversely affected to operating personnel and environment.
Operating personnel pay close attention to the possibility of the potential risk caused by this undesired fluid and are held on sea
The stream into and out of continuous monitoring drilling fluid.For example, constantly monitoring drilling fluid in fluid tank during drilling operation
The parameters such as level come assess whether occur well kick, if assessment result be occur well kick, send out alarm signal simultaneously triggering after
Continuous well kick protection operation, such as close well-sealing device（Blowout preventer,BOP）Upper suitable flashboard（Ram）Deng.
However, some are practically without in the case of well kick occurs, under the influence of other certain disturbing factors, it is also possible to
It can make the monitoring device of monitoring well kick that erroneous judgement occur, and then send out the alarm of mistake and enter the protection operation of subsequent well kick.
In this way, wasting the energy significantly and reducing efficiency.
It is therefore desirable to provide a kind of mechanism that can more accurately predict well kick generation and method newly to solve above-mentioned ask
Topic.
Invention content
One or more aspects of the present invention is concluded now in order to the basic comprehension of the present invention, and the wherein conclusion is not
The extensive overview of the present invention, and certain elements of the mark present invention are not intended to, it is also not intended to mark its range.On the contrary,
The main purpose of the conclusion is that some concepts of the present invention are presented before more detailed description is presented below with reduced form.
One aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of drilling system, including：
Probing combination with drill string, drill bit and standpipe；
Well kick alarm mechanism, including：
Drilling controller, for exporting enabling signal to start drilling operation and for exporting interrupt signal to interrupt probing
Operation；
Several main arrangement for detecting, for detecting several and relevant characteristic signal of well kick under drilling operation；
Weight arrangement for detecting, for the detecting under interrupt status and the relevant weight signal of well kick；And
Processor for being based on this feature signal and weight signal assesses whether that well kick occurs.
It is another aspect of the invention to provide a kind of well kick alarm methods, including：
A) start the drilling operation of drilling system；
B) under drilling operation, several and relevant characteristic signal of well kick is monitored；
C) judge whether the characteristic signal that monitors is abnormal, if it find that at least one abnormal, execute step d), it is no
Then return to step b)；
D) drilling operation is interrupted；
E) under interrupt status, monitoring and the relevant weight signal of well kick；
F) judge whether the weight signal monitored is abnormal, if it find that it is abnormal, step i) is executed, step is otherwise executed
It is rapid g)；
G) all characteristic signals of comprehensive analysis；
H) above-mentioned Comprehensive analysis results are based on, judge whether that well kick has occurred, if so, executing step i), are otherwise returned
Step a)；And
I) well kick alarm signal is generated.
Another aspect of the invention is to provide another well kick alarm method, including：
A) start the drilling operation of drilling system；
B) under drilling operation, several and relevant characteristic signal of well kick is monitored；
C) judge whether the characteristic signal that monitors is abnormal, if it find that at least one abnormal, execute step d), it is no
Then return to step b)；
D) drilling operation is interrupted；
E) under interrupt status, monitoring and the relevant weight signal of well kick；
F) judge whether the weight signal monitored is abnormal, if it find that it is abnormal, step i) is executed, step is otherwise executed
It is rapid g)；
G) above-mentioned abnormal characteristic signal is monitored again；
H) judge whether the characteristic signal that monitors again returns and falls into normal range, if so, return to step a), no
It thens follow the steps i)；And
I) well kick alarm signal is generated.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention in drilling operation according to constantly the monitor and relevant feature of well kick in addition to believing
Other than generation number to predict well kick, drilling operation is also further interrupted on the basis of above-mentioned preliminary judgement, and interrupting shape
Monitoring and the relevant weight signal of well kick under state carry out integrated forecasting well kick hair then in conjunction with features described above signal and the weight signal
Raw possibility, therefore the accuracy of prediction is substantially increased, the generation of erroneous judgement is reduced, and then improve work efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention may be better understood, in attached drawing
In：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the better embodiment of drilling system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the better embodiment of the well kick alarm mechanism in drilling system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the better embodiment of the well kick alarm method in drilling system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of another better embodiment of the well kick alarm method in drilling system of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention explained below, it should be pointed out that in the specific descriptions of these embodiments
In the process, in order to carry out brief and concise description, this specification can not possibly make in detail all features of actual embodiment
Most description.It is to be understood that during the actual implementation of any one embodiment, as in any one work
During journey project or design object, in order to realize the objectives of developer, in order to meet, system is relevant or quotient
The relevant limitation of industry can usually make various specific decisions, and this can also be implemented from a kind of embodiment to another kind
It changes between mode.Moreover, it is to be understood that although effort made in this development process may be complicated
And it is interminable, however for for the relevant those skilled in the art of present disclosure, in the disclosure
Some designs carried out on the basis of the technology contents of exposure, the changes such as manufacture or production are conventional technology, no
It should be understood as that content of this disclosure is insufficient.
Unless otherwise defined, the technical term or scientific terminology used in claims and specification should be this hair
The ordinary meaning that the personage with general technical ability is understood in bright technical field.Present patent application specification and power
" first ", " second " and the similar word used in sharp claim is not offered as any sequence, quantity or importance, and
It is used only to distinguish different component parts.The similar word such as "one" or " one " is not offered as quantity limitation, but indicates
There are at least one.Either the similar word such as "comprising" means to appear in the device before " comprising " or "comprising" " comprising "
Either object covers the device for appearing in " comprising " or "comprising" presented hereinafter or object and its equivalent devices, it is not excluded that
Other devices or object." connection " either the similar word such as " connected " is not limited to physics or mechanical connection,
But may include electrical connection, either directly or indirectly.
Referring to FIG. 1, the schematic diagram of the better embodiment for drilling system 100 of the present invention.In embodiment of the present invention,
The drilling system 100 can be used to drill well bore, to open spy hydrocarbon, such as fossil fuel（Fossil Fuels）.Non-
It limits in embodiment, well bore includes land bored well hole（Onshore Well）Or offshore drilling hole（Offshore Well）.
In this better embodiment, which is used for opening well bore in creeping, is illustrated just to facilitate.
Example as shown in Figure 1, drilling system 100 generally include 101 He of platform 101 and connecting platform being located on sea
Well bore on sea bed 107（Wellbore）132 probing combination 103.In infinite embodiment, the probing group
It may includes 114, one, drill bit standpipe, the 111, well-sealing devices 115 of drill string 110, one and a low level sea to close 103
Lower oil pipe oil-cutting device（Lower Marine Riser Package,LMRP）113.Normally, probing combination 103, which is located at, is somebody's turn to do
The lower section of connecting platform 101, and part is located inside seawater, for digging the well bore 132.It should be noted that Fig. 1
An only schematic diagram, probing combination 103 may further include other parts, due to being associated with not with the design of the present invention
Greatly, it therefore is not shown here, to facilitate explanation.
In infinite embodiment, which includes a drilling rod（Drill Pipe）, have one by multiple
The pipeline of measured length joins end to end to be formed.Drill bit 114 be mounted on drill string 110 end and rotatably under sea bed 107 into
Row cutting operation.The drill string 110 can be used to convey drill bit 114 to extend in the cutting under sea bed 107.Meanwhile from flat
The drilling fluid 116 of platform 101, is transported to by drill string 110 in well bore 132.
The standpipe 111 includes a top 102 being connected with the platform 101 and one and well head（Wellhead）105 phases
End 104 even.The standpipe 111 substantially extends perpendicularly to the end 104 from the top 102.The standpipe 111 is led including one
Pipe, with cylindrical cross section（Tubular Cross Section）.Drill string 110 may be provided in standpipe 111 and along standpipe
111 length direction extends in standpipe 111.Standpipe 111 offers channel to accommodate drill string 110 in it.In this way, just boring
Annular space 122 is formd between the outer surface and the inner surface of standpipe 111 of column 110, is arrived to which standpipe 111 can guide drill string 110
At well head 105, and the drilling fluid 112 of the return in well bore 132 can return to platform 101 by annular space 122.
In this way, in drilling process, 110 rotary drill bit 114 of drill string.Drilling fluid 116 from platform 101 cycles through
Drill string 110 reaches drill bit 114, then by being formed in the annular space 122 between 111 inner surface of drill string 110 and standpipe will return
The drilling fluid 112 returned is returned again to platform 101.Drilling fluid 116 maintains certain hydrostatic pressure to balance from drilling well
The pressure of the fluid in hole 132 simultaneously cools down drill bit 114, meanwhile, drilling fluid 116 is during digging well bore 132
The material of generation, such as fragmented rock take the water surface to, that is, the drilling fluid 112 returned.In certain example, platform 11 is come from
Drilling fluid 116 may include water or oil and several additives.The drilling fluid 112 of return can include at least drilling fluid 116
With the mixture for digging the material generated during well bore 132.On platform 101, the drilling fluid 112 of return can be carried out
Processing, for example can re-start cycle after being filtered removal solid matter therein.
As described above, in certain circumstances, from the formation fluid entered in sea bed 107 in well bore 132
（Formation fluid）117 pressure is more than the pressure of drilling fluid 116 sometimes, this can lead to the stratum in sea bed 107
Fluid 117 enters in annular space 122 to generate the Returning fluid 112 of larger pressure together in company with drilling fluid 116.At this time
Returning fluid 112 can be described as well kick, if control improper may result in blowout（Blowout）.It is therefore desirable to return
Drilling fluid 112 monitor in real time and is measured to determine whether well kick occurs, to which the generation institute because of well kick be alleviated or avoided
Caused by endanger.
As shown in Figure 1, the drilling system 100 may be provided with the well-sealing device 115 close to sea bed 107 to control return
The flowing of drilling fluid 112 after well kick occurs to be alleviated or avoided the harm caused by the generation of well kick, such as by right
The control of one or more shutoff valves 125 is realized, since well-sealing device 115 is the prior art, therefore does not illustrate it here
Detailed structure.Normally, when the well kick detecting system of drilling system 100 detects well kick, well kick alarm signal can be sent out
214（See Fig. 2）And then control the well-sealing device 115 work, that is, execute well kick protection operation.
In addition, the drilling system 100 is also possible to be provided with the low level undersea adjacent or disposed thereon with the well-sealing device 115
Oil pipe oil-cutting device 113 also works as a kind of well kick protective device when executing well kick protection operation.Usually,
The low level undersea oil pipe oil-cutting device 113 may include connector 127 and several safety valves 126, pass through the solution to connector 127
The separation of platform 101 and well bore 132 may be implemented in lock control.Since low level undersea oil pipe oil-cutting device 113 is the prior art,
Therefore its detailed structure is not illustrated here.
In other embodiment, which is also possible that other kinds of well kick protective device, in well kick
Detecting system executes corresponding well kick protection operation after sending out well kick alarm signal 214, and then the hair because of well kick is alleviated or avoided
Harm caused by raw.It is operated to more effectively execute above-mentioned well kick protection, needs the generation for more accurately predicting well kick,
To avoid the execution for causing unwanted well kick protection to operate because well kick is judged by accident.For this purpose, disclosed herein a kind of well kicks
Alarm mechanism and method carry out the present invention will be described in detail well kick to improve the accuracy of well kick prediction below in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 4
The specific implementation mode of alarm mechanism and method.
It please be first referring again to FIGS. 1, the better embodiment of well kick alarm mechanism 109 of the present invention includes at least one main detecting
Device 119 and at least one weight arrangement for detecting 129.Illustrate to simplify, only illustrate in Fig. 1 a main arrangement for detecting 119 and
One weight arrangement for detecting 129.In infinite embodiment, which may be disposed at the top of the standpipe 111
Appropriate position between end 102 and end 104, such as it is set to low level undersea oil pipe oil-cutting device 113, the well-sealing device
115 or standpipe 111 in some connecting tube（Riser joint or Riser pup joint）It, specifically can be according to need at equal positions
The type of the characteristic signal to be monitored is set.In one embodiment, which may be disposed at the platform
101 appropriate position may also set up in low level undersea oil pipe oil-cutting device 113, the well-sealing device in other embodiment
115 or standpipe 111 at the positions such as some connecting tube, can set according to actual needs, be not limited to what embodiment provided
Example.
In the embodiment that Fig. 1 is provided, which is set in well-sealing device 115, and the weight is detected
Device 129 is set on the platform 101.In general, the number/type of the main arrangement for detecting 119 includes at least two, the master
Arrangement for detecting 119 is used to constantly detect during drilling operation and the relevant a variety of different types of characteristic signals of well kick, number
The sensitivity of amount and the more detecting well kicks of type is also just high, but the False Rate for detecting well kick simultaneously is also correspondingly improved.Therefore, increase
Add the weight arrangement for detecting 129 to carry out the result detected to main arrangement for detecting 119 and carried out confirmation again, has been detectd with further increasing
The accuracy that well logging is gushed.Since the weight arrangement for detecting 129 is an arrangement for detecting reaffirmed, therefore only need under normal conditions
One, but can also specifically can be according to actual need to further increase the accuracy of detecting including two or more
It is adjusted.
With continued reference to FIG. 2, the circuit block diagram of the better embodiment for well kick alarm mechanism 109 of the present invention.In addition to this
Except main arrangement for detecting 119 and the weight arrangement for detecting 129, which further comprises a processor 21
An and drilling controller 22.In infinite embodiment, which includes 211, second points of the first analytic unit
Analyse unit 212 and third analytic unit 213.In other embodiment, this first appoints in third analytic unit 211,212,213
Meaning two can be integrated into an individual analytic unit or three are integrated into an individual analytic unit, be only here for
Facilitate explanation, and the processor 21 is set as three analytic units.
As previously mentioned, the main arrangement for detecting 119 is used for during drilling operation, constantly detecting is relevant a variety of with well kick
Different types of characteristic signal carries out subsequent well kick forecast analysis to provide data to the processor 21.The well kick alarming machine
System 109 generally includes a plurality of types of main arrangement for detecting 119, such as density arrangement for detecting, velocity of sound arrangement for detecting, volume flow are detectd
Device, pressure detection device etc. are surveyed, is respectively used to detect density, the velocity of sound, volume flow and the pressure of the drilling fluid 112 of the return
Power.Here it being merely illustrative of, in other embodiment, which may also comprise other kinds of arrangement for detecting,
For detecting during drilling operation and the relevant characteristic signal of well kick.Each is directed to the relevant feature of well kick to believe
Number, there is preset allowable range, if detecting result is located within allowable range, shows that well kick does not occur, otherwise show
Well kick occurs.The preset allowable range can be according to the drilling system 100 of practical application and working environment etc. because usually true
It is fixed, it does not illustrate here.
The weight arrangement for detecting 129 is used for detecting and the relevant weight characteristics signal of well kick under interrupt status, to provide
Data carry out subsequent well kick forecast analysis to the processor 21.Interrupt status described herein refers to that drilling system 100 exists
The halted state entered after an interrupt signal is received during drilling operation, in this case drilling system 100
Main probing function is interrupted, such as the drill bit 114 has been controlled to stop rotation and the drilling fluid 116 has been controlled to stop and has followed
Ring inputs.
In some specific embodiments, which is used to detect the surface weight of 110 top surface of drill string
Amount（Surface weight）‘W’.The surface weight ' W ' can be calculated by the following formula.
W=G–(w+fc+fb)
Wherein, ' G ' is the gravity of the drill string 110, and ' w ' is the supported weight of 114 bottom of the drill bit, ' fc' it is the drill string
The frictional force on 110 surfaces, ' fb' be the drill string 110 buoyancy.Since the weight arrangement for detecting 129 is not in drilling operation process
In but in interrupt status the surface weight ' W ' is monitored, i.e., other power not generated because drill bit 114 rotates
It influences, therefore surface weight ' W ' this characteristic signal for obtaining of monitoring and the generation of well kick are directly or indirectly related, that is to say, that
It according to the surface weight ' W ' can further again determine whether that well kick has occurred.In other embodiment, can also weight detect
Survey device 129 except the surface weight ' W ' in addition to the relevant weight signal of well kick, such as directly monitor the drill string 110 float
Power ' fb’.Usually, measurement surface weight ' W ' is more more convenient than measuring other kinds of weight, therefore is selected in present embodiment
Measure this surface weight ' W ' this weight signal.
Based on the characteristic signal that above-mentioned main arrangement for detecting 119 and weight arrangement for detecting 129 are monitored, the processor 21 and brill
Controller 22 is visited for executing well kick alarm method of the present invention.Well of the present invention is described in detail in following paragraphs combination Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 respectively
Gush two better embodiments of alarm method.In present embodiment, the processor 21 and drilling controller 22 are respectively independent
Signal processor, can also be combined both in other embodiment, as processor 21 is drilling controller 22
A part, explanation merely for convenience, is not limited to other designs here.
It is the flow chart of the first better embodiment 30 of well kick alarm method of the present invention with reference to figure 3.Present embodiment
In, which includes the following steps：
Step 31, it after all preparations of drilling system 100 are ready, sends out one by the drilling controller 22 and opens
Signal 222 is moved to start the drilling operation of the drilling system 100.For example, under drilling operation, drill string 110 drives drill bit 114 to open
Rotation begin to execute drillng operation, while the cycle of drilling fluid 116 is injected in the drill string 110 to provide scheduled hydrostatic pressure.
In fact, the drilling operation further includes other complementary operations, due to not being related to the design focal point of the present invention, here no longer in detail
Thin description.
Step 32, once the drilling system 100 enters during drilling operation, the first analytic unit in the processor 21
211 constantly monitor by the main arrangement for detecting 119 measure obtain with the relevant characteristic signal of well kick.For convenience of explanation, a variety of
The characteristic signal of type is monitored.A type of characteristic signal but also can be only monitored in some embodiments.Institute as above
It states, which may include density, the velocity of sound, volume flow and pressure etc..For a plurality of types of spies
Reference number, first analytic unit 211 are also previously stored with corresponding allowable range.
Step 33, the allowable range of the characteristic signal of the first analytic unit 211 based on storage judges the feature monitored
Whether whether signal is abnormal, that is to say, that be located at except corresponding allowable range.If monitoring the result shows that, wherein at least
One characteristic signal is abnormal, will execute step 34, otherwise return to step 32 continues to monitor.
Step 34, the abnormal monitoring result of at least one characteristic signal based on first analytic unit 211 monitoring, should
Drilling controller 22 sends out an interrupt signal 221 to interrupt the drilling operation of the drilling system 100, so that the drilling system
100 are temporarily in interrupt status.As previously mentioned, under interrupt status, the main probing function of drilling system 100 is interrupted, example
As the drill bit 114 be controlled to stop rotation and the drilling fluid 116 be controlled to stop cycle input.It can be said that potential
Well kick will not further expand and cause the sustaining breakdown to drilling system 100 to a certain extent.
Step 35, once the drilling system 100 is under interrupt status, the second analytic unit 212 in the processor 21
Monitoring is measured by the weight arrangement for detecting 129 obtain with well kick relevant weight characteristics signal, be previously mentioned for example, above-mentioned
Surface weight ' W ' characteristic signal.In some embodiments, a plurality of types of weight characteristics signals also can only be monitored.For this
Weight characteristics signal, second analytic unit 212 are also previously stored with corresponding allowable range.
Step 36, the allowable range judgement of weight characteristics signal of second analytic unit 212 based on storage monitors
Whether whether weight characteristics signal is abnormal, that is to say, that be located at except corresponding allowable range.If monitoring the result shows that,
Wherein the weight characteristics signal is abnormal, will execute step 39, no to then follow the steps 37.
Step 37, the first analytic unit 211 and 212 analysis result of the second analytic unit before shows some main detecting
Well kick has occurred in the data prediction that device 119 is detected, and well does not occur for the data prediction of the weight arrangement for detecting 129 detecting
It gushes, therefore can't be confirmed whether very much by the analysis result of above-mentioned first analytic unit 211 and 212 that well kick has occurred.This
When, which carries out comprehensive analysis, that is to say, that the third analytic unit 213 detects above-mentioned all masters
It surveys device 119 and detects the obtained comprehensive analysis of characteristic signal progress, wherein these characteristic signals had both included abnormal spy
Reference number, it is also possible to including normal characteristic signal.
Step 38, by carrying out comprehensive analysis to all these characteristic signals, to determine whether well kick has occurred, such as
The result that fruit judges thens follow the steps 39 as well kick has occurred.Otherwise return to step 31 restart drilling operation, so as to bore
Spy system 100 is reworked.Due to above-mentioned analysis the result is that based on all characteristic signals carry out comprehensive analysis, rather than
Only in accordance with the analysis that some abnormal characteristic signal carries out, therefore the result analyzed has very high accuracy.It can be with
It is appreciated that, above-mentioned comprehensive analysis can be analyzed by existing suitable parser, such as statistical analysis algorithms
Deng due to not being related to design focal point of the present invention, therefore not elaborating here.
Step 39, the analysis result exported based on step 36 or step 38, second analytic unit 212 or third analysis
Unit 213 generates the well kick alarm signal 214.As previously mentioned, after the drilling system 100 is executed according to the alarm signal 214
Continuous well kick protection operation, which is not described herein again.It is due at least one master that second analytic unit 212, which generates alarm signal 214,
The data that arrangement for detecting 119 and weight arrangement for detecting 129 are detected predict that well kick has occurred.The third analytic unit 213 generates
Alarm signal 214 is that well kick has occurred and the weight arrangement for detecting in the data prediction detected at least one main arrangement for detecting 119
The data of 129 detectings are default well kick does not occur under the premise of, comprehensive analysis is carried out to the data of all main arrangement for detecting 119 detecting
Judge that well kick has occurred afterwards.No matter which kind of above-mentioned mode is applied, in the accuracy for judging to occur well kick, all than in the prior art
It is much higher by the progress of main arrangement for detecting 119 prediction accuracy only under drilling operation, the generation of erroneous judgement is greatly reduced, is carried
High working efficiency.
It is the flow chart of the second better embodiment 40 of well kick alarm method of the present invention with reference to figure 4.With the implementation of Fig. 3
Mode 30 compares, and method 40 equally includes nine steps, the step 31-36 and 39 of wherein step 41-46 and 49 and method 30
Similar, so it will not be repeated.The difference lies in that step 47 and 48 realizing the analysis method different from step 37 and 38.
Step 47, first analytic unit 211（Or third analytic unit 213）It is detected in monitoring step 42 again
Abnormal characteristic signal.In some embodiments, which only monitors once again after a preset time
Above-mentioned abnormal characteristic signal.In other embodiments, which can also be every after a preset time
Repeatedly above-mentioned abnormal characteristic signal is monitored after a bit of time, to further increase accuracy.
Step 48, first analytic unit 211（Or third analytic unit 213）Judge whether it is above-mentioned monitor again not just
Whether normal characteristic signal, which returns, falls into normal range, if if, then the judging result of the step 43 before showing
It is wrong, i.e., that well kick does not occur, return to step 41 restarts drilling operation, so that drilling system 100 is reworked.
Conversely, the judging result of the step 43 before then showing is correct, that is, well kick has occurred, executes step 49.
Although in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
It can be with many modifications may be made and modification to the present invention.It is therefore contemplated that claims be intended to be covered in the present invention
All such modifications in true spirit and range and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of drilling system includes the probing combination with drill string, drill bit and standpipe, it is characterised in that：The drilling system is also
Including well kick alarm mechanism, which includes：
Drilling controller, for exporting enabling signal to start drilling operation and for exporting interrupt signal to interrupt probing behaviour
Make；
Several main arrangement for detecting, for detecting several and relevant characteristic signal of well kick under drilling operation；
Weight arrangement for detecting, for the detecting under interrupt status and the relevant weight signal of well kick；And
Processor, for being based on this feature signal and weight signal assesses whether that well kick occurs, wherein the processor includes：
First analytic unit for analyzing several characteristic signals, and controls the brill when at least one characteristic signal is abnormal
It visits controller and exports the interrupt signal；And
Second analytic unit for analyzing the weight signal, and exports well kick alarm signal when the weight signal is abnormal.
2. drilling system as described in claim 1, the wherein processor further include：
Third analytic unit, for all characteristic signals of comprehensive analysis when the weight signal is normal, when analysis result is hair
Well kick has been given birth to, then has exported well kick alarm signal, the drilling controller has otherwise been controlled and exports the enabling signal.
3. drilling system as described in claim 1, the wherein processor further include：
Third analytic unit, for detecting abnormal characteristic signal again when the weight signal is normal, when this again
The characteristic signal return of detecting falls into normal range, controls the drilling controller and exports the enabling signal, otherwise output well
Gush alarm signal.
4. drilling system as described in claim 1, the wherein main arrangement for detecting are set to low level undersea oil pipe oil-cutting device, envelope
In well device or standpipe at some connecting tube.
5. the weight signal of the drilling system as described in any one of claim 1-4, wherein the weight arrangement for detecting detecting
For the surface weight of drill string top surface.
6. drilling system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the weight arrangement for detecting are set on the platform of the drilling system, are low
In position undersea oil pipe oil-cutting device, well-sealing device or standpipe at some connecting tube.
7. a kind of well kick alarm method, including：
A) start the drilling operation of drilling system；
B) under drilling operation, several and relevant characteristic signal of well kick is monitored；
C) judge whether the characteristic signal monitored is abnormal, if it find that it is at least one abnormal, step d) is executed, is otherwise returned
Return step b)；
D) drilling operation is interrupted；
E) under interrupt status, monitoring and the relevant weight signal of well kick；
F) judge whether the weight signal that monitors is abnormal, if it find that abnormal, execute step i), it is no to then follow the steps
g)；
G) all characteristic signals of comprehensive analysis；
H) above-mentioned Comprehensive analysis results are based on, judge whether that well kick has occurred, if so, executing step i), otherwise return to step
a)；And
I) well kick alarm signal is generated.
8. the method for claim 7, wherein the weight signal of the detecting is the surface weight of drill string top surface.
9. a kind of well kick alarm method, including：
A) start the drilling operation of drilling system；
B) under drilling operation, several and relevant characteristic signal of well kick is monitored；
C) judge whether the characteristic signal monitored is abnormal, if it find that it is at least one abnormal, step d) is executed, is otherwise returned
Return step b)；
D) drilling operation is interrupted；
E) under interrupt status, monitoring and the relevant weight signal of well kick；
F) judge whether the weight signal that monitors is abnormal, if it find that abnormal, execute step i), it is no to then follow the steps
g)；
G) above-mentioned abnormal characteristic signal is monitored again；
H) judge whether the characteristic signal monitored again returns and fall into normal range, if so, return to step a), otherwise holds
Row step i)；And
I) well kick alarm signal is generated.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, the wherein weight signal of the detecting are the surface weight of drill string top surface.
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| CN201310655324.4A CN104696012B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Drilling system and its well kick alarm mechanism and method |
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| CN201310655324.4A CN104696012B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Drilling system and its well kick alarm mechanism and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2055532U (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1990-04-04 | 中原石油勘探局钻井工艺研究所 | Monitor for well gushing and leaking |
| CN102128023A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-20 | 濮阳市百福瑞德石油科技有限公司 | Comprehensive tripping monitoring operating system |
| CN102758619A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-10-31 | 海德里尔美国制造业有限责任公司 | Automated well control method and apparatus |
| CN102828709A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-19 | 四川省广汉市恒生石油设备有限责任公司 | Well-drilling safety intelligent monitoring method and well-drilling safety monitoring alarming device |
-
2013
- 2013-12-06 CN CN201310655324.4A patent/CN104696012B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2055532U (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1990-04-04 | 中原石油勘探局钻井工艺研究所 | Monitor for well gushing and leaking |
| CN102128023A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-20 | 濮阳市百福瑞德石油科技有限公司 | Comprehensive tripping monitoring operating system |
| CN102758619A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-10-31 | 海德里尔美国制造业有限责任公司 | Automated well control method and apparatus |
| CN102828709A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-19 | 四川省广汉市恒生石油设备有限责任公司 | Well-drilling safety intelligent monitoring method and well-drilling safety monitoring alarming device |
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| CN104696012A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
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