CN104686090B - Wheel band Liftable type corn straw pick-up device - Google Patents
Wheel band Liftable type corn straw pick-up device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686090B CN104686090B CN201510061480.7A CN201510061480A CN104686090B CN 104686090 B CN104686090 B CN 104686090B CN 201510061480 A CN201510061480 A CN 201510061480A CN 104686090 B CN104686090 B CN 104686090B
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种轮带可升降式玉米秸秆捡拾装置，包括有机架、捡拾轮、捡拾齿和传送带。捡拾轮和传送带间隔安装在装置的前端，捡拾轮和捡拾齿用于捡拾秸秆，传送带用于传导动力和输送秸秆，本发明的作业高度可以通过油缸调节，捡拾轮和传送带间隔排列式设计既节省了空间又降低了能耗，并且具有一定的滤土功能。作业高度可调，捡拾齿可深入垄沟捡拾起躺在垄沟内的秸秆，增加了捡拾率。本发明两侧没有挡板，捡拾范围较宽。捡拾轮和前轴之间用橡胶筒填充，橡胶筒可吸收部分因捡拾齿受到撞击产生的冲击能，延长了装置的使用寿命；捡拾齿和捡拾轮采用螺栓连接，损坏的捡拾齿可随时更换。
The invention discloses a wheel belt liftable corn stalk picking device, which comprises a frame, a picking wheel, picking teeth and a conveyor belt. The pick-up wheel and conveyor belt are installed at the front end of the device at intervals. The pick-up wheel and pick-up teeth are used to pick up straw, and the conveyor belt is used to transmit power and transport straw. The working height of the invention can be adjusted by the oil cylinder. It saves space and reduces energy consumption, and has a certain soil filter function. The working height is adjustable, and the pick-up teeth can go deep into the furrow to pick up the straw lying in the furrow, increasing the pick-up rate. There are no baffles on both sides of the present invention, and the picking range is wide. The gap between the pick-up wheel and the front axle is filled with a rubber tube, which can absorb part of the impact energy generated by the impact of the pick-up teeth, prolonging the service life of the device; the pick-up teeth and the pick-up wheel are connected by bolts, and the damaged pick-up teeth can be replaced at any time .
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种捡拾装置，尤其是涉及一种轮带可升降式玉米秸秆捡拾装置，属于农业机械领域。 The invention relates to a pick-up device, in particular to a tire-belt liftable corn stalk pick-up device, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery.
背景技术 Background technique
玉米秸秆富含大量的生物质能源，直接焚烧既带来严重的环境污染，又造成了严重的资源浪费；秸秆既可以作为能源燃烧，又可以用于饲料生产和造纸，加强玉米秸秆的回收利用有着重要的意义。玉米秸秆捡拾装置是秸秆回收利用过程中的主要作业装备，目前国内外市场上的玉米秸秆捡拾装置大多为弹齿滚筒式捡拾器，还有少量的滚筒甩刀式捡拾器、偏心轮式捡拾器等。这些机型普遍存在以下问题：（1）捡拾装置和打捆装置一体化设计、生产，增加了玉米秸秆回收的产品成本，制约了农户的多样化产品需求，特别是对玉米秸秆捡拾装置的需求。（2）捡拾器不能移动，离地面较远，贴地的玉米秸秆，尤其是垄沟内的秸秆无法捡拾，漏检率高，即使少量的秸秆留在地里也会影响下一年的播种。（3）没有滤土功能，回收的秸秆带有过量的杂质，不能用于饲料生产或造纸。 Corn stalks are rich in a large amount of biomass energy, direct incineration not only brings serious environmental pollution, but also causes a serious waste of resources; straw can be burned as energy, and can also be used for feed production and papermaking, strengthening the recycling of corn stalks has important meaning. Corn stalk picking devices are the main operating equipment in the process of straw recycling. At present, most of the corn stalk picking devices on the domestic and foreign markets are spring-toothed drum-type pickers, and there are also a small number of drum-throwing knife-type pickers and eccentric wheel-type pickers. Wait. These models generally have the following problems: (1) The integrated design and production of the picking device and the bundling device increase the product cost of corn stalk recycling and restrict the diversified product demand of farmers, especially the demand for corn stalk picking devices . (2) The picker cannot be moved and is far away from the ground. The corn stalks attached to the ground, especially the stalks in the furrows, cannot be picked up. The missed detection rate is high. Even a small amount of stalks left in the ground will affect the sowing of the next year. (3) Without soil filter function, the recycled straw contains excessive impurities and cannot be used for feed production or papermaking.
综观上述产品与技术现状，急需一种捡拾作业高度可调、有一定滤土功能的、捡拾率高并且成本低的玉米秸秆捡拾装置。 Looking at the current status of the above-mentioned products and technologies, there is an urgent need for a corn stalk picking device with adjustable picking height, certain soil filter function, high picking rate and low cost.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种能满足上述目的，有升降功能、有滤土功能、漏捡率低、工作性能稳定并且成本较低的轮带可升降式玉米秸秆捡拾装置。 The object of the present invention is to provide a wheel-belt liftable corn stalk picking device which can satisfy the above-mentioned purpose, has lifting function, soil filtering function, low missing rate, stable working performance and low cost.
本发明包括有机架、捡拾轮、捡拾齿、传送带、限位轮、皮带轮、前轴、后轴、前轴橡胶筒和后轴钢筒，捡拾齿均布在捡拾轮的外侧圆周，捡拾轮和传送带间隔安装在前轴橡胶筒上，限位轮和传送带间隔安装在后轴钢筒上，前轴橡胶筒通过前轴铰接在前轴承座上，后轴钢筒和皮带轮固定在后轴上，后轴钢筒通过后轴铰接在侧板后轴套筒上；机架包括有机架座、油缸、侧板壁、侧板加强杆、前轴承座、侧板铰接座和侧板后轴套筒，前轴承座安装在侧板壁的前端，侧板铰接座焊接在侧板壁的中部，侧板后轴套筒焊接在侧板壁的后端，油缸的前端铰接在侧板铰接座上，油缸的后端铰接在机架座的下端，机架座的上端铰接在侧板后轴套筒上，侧板加强杆焊接在侧板壁的内侧。 The invention comprises frame, pick-up wheel, pick-up teeth, conveyor belt, limit wheel, belt pulley, front axle, rear axle, front axle rubber cylinder and rear axle steel cylinder, pick-up teeth are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of pick-up wheel, pick-up wheel Installed on the rubber cylinder of the front axle at intervals with the conveyor belt, and installed on the steel cylinder of the rear axle at intervals between the limit wheel and the conveyor belt, the rubber cylinder of the front axle is hinged on the front bearing seat through the front axle, and the steel cylinder of the rear axle and the pulley are fixed on the rear axle , the rear axle steel cylinder is hinged on the rear axle sleeve of the side plate through the rear axle; the frame includes a frame seat, an oil cylinder, a side plate wall, a side plate reinforcement rod, a front bearing seat, a side plate hinge seat and a side plate rear bushing The front bearing seat is installed on the front end of the side plate wall, the side plate hinge seat is welded in the middle of the side plate wall, the rear shaft sleeve of the side plate is welded on the rear end of the side plate wall, the front end of the oil cylinder is hinged on the side plate hinge seat, the cylinder The rear end is hinged on the lower end of the frame seat, the upper end of the frame seat is hinged on the side plate rear axle sleeve, and the side plate reinforcing rod is welded on the inner side of the side plate wall.
所述的捡拾齿径向为圆形，前端为半椭球体，中间轴向轨迹为平面变曲率曲线，末端有螺栓，螺栓略长于捡拾轮的螺母，这样螺栓拧紧后，螺栓末端压入前轴橡胶筒，使捡拾轮与前轴橡胶筒固定。 The radial direction of the pick-up tooth is circular, the front end is a semi-ellipsoid, the middle axial trajectory is a plane variable curvature curve, and there is a bolt at the end, the bolt is slightly longer than the nut of the pick-up wheel, so that after the bolt is tightened, the end of the bolt is pressed into the front axle The rubber tube fixes the pick-up wheel with the front axle rubber tube.
所述的传送带为橡胶材质，其外侧表面为有曲率的波纹。 The conveyor belt is made of rubber, and its outer surface is corrugated with curvature.
本发明的工作原理为： Working principle of the present invention is:
本发明的作业高度可由油缸控制调节。作业过程中，捡拾齿可深入垄沟将倒伏秸秆拾起，传送带和限位轮将秸秆输送至后续工序。该装置通过皮带轮获得运转动力，皮带轮带动装置后轴转动，后轴钢筒随之转动，后轴钢筒通过传送带带动前轴橡胶筒转动，捡拾轮和捡拾齿随之转动，完成作业过程。秸秆在传送带上运行过程中，随着机器前进产生的振动而震动，秸秆上的浮土会从传送带的间隙落下。捡拾齿在受到撞击时，部分撞击能会被橡胶筒吸收，这样从一定程度上保护了整个装置，特别是保护了捡拾轮和捡拾齿。 The working height of the present invention can be controlled and regulated by the oil cylinder. During the operation, the picking teeth can go deep into the furrow to pick up the lodging straw, and the conveyor belt and the limit wheel will transport the straw to the subsequent process. The device obtains running power through the pulley, and the pulley drives the rear shaft of the device to rotate, and the steel cylinder of the rear shaft rotates accordingly, and the steel cylinder of the rear shaft drives the rubber cylinder of the front shaft to rotate through the conveyor belt, and the pick-up wheel and pick-up teeth rotate thereupon to complete the operation process. When the straw is running on the conveyor belt, it vibrates with the vibration generated by the forward movement of the machine, and the floating soil on the straw will fall from the gap of the conveyor belt. When the pick-up teeth are impacted, part of the impact energy will be absorbed by the rubber tube, which protects the whole device to a certain extent, especially the pick-up wheel and the pick-up teeth.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优点： Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1、装置的作业高度可以调节，既方便运输又弥补了一般捡拾器无法进入垄沟捡拾秸秆的不足，增加了装置的捡拾率。 1. The working height of the device can be adjusted, which is not only convenient for transportation, but also makes up for the deficiency that ordinary pickers cannot enter the furrows to pick up straw, and increases the picking rate of the device.
2、捡拾轮和传送带间隔排列，使动力传导和秸秆输送融合为一体，既节省了空间，又降低了能耗；而且这种设计弥补了现有捡拾器大多没有滤土功能的不足。 2. Picking wheels and conveyor belts are arranged at intervals to integrate power transmission and straw transportation, which not only saves space, but also reduces energy consumption; and this design makes up for the lack of most existing pickers without soil filter function.
3、该装置两侧没有挡板，不会因被捡拾的秸秆打到挡板而落下；而现有机型大多因为设计原因，两侧有高于捡拾齿的挡板。 3. There are no baffles on both sides of the device, and it will not fall due to the picked up straw hitting the baffles; while most of the existing models have baffles on both sides that are higher than the picking teeth due to design reasons.
4、捡拾器的捡拾接触部件通常为易损件，一般捡拾器通常需要拆卸其他部件才能更换，该装置的捡拾齿为独立的部件，而且可以独立更换。 4. The pick-up contact part of the pick-up is usually a vulnerable part. Generally, the pick-up usually needs to disassemble other parts to replace it. The pick-up teeth of this device are independent parts and can be replaced independently.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明的立体示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
图2是本发明的机架结构立体示意图。 Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the frame structure of the present invention.
图3是本发明的前轴橡胶筒和后轴钢筒立体示意图。 Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the front axle rubber cylinder and the rear axle steel cylinder of the present invention.
图4是本发明的捡拾轮和捡拾齿配合示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the pick-up wheel and the pick-up teeth of the present invention.
图5是本发明的的传送带侧面局部放大示意图。 Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged schematic view of the side of the conveyor belt of the present invention.
其中：1—机架；2—捡拾轮；3—捡拾齿；4—传送带；5—限位轮；6—皮带轮；7—机架座；8—液压油缸；9—侧板壁；10—侧板加强杆；11—前轴承座；12—侧板铰接座；13—侧板后轴套筒；14—前轴；15—后轴；16—前轴橡胶筒；17—后轴钢筒。 Among them: 1—frame; 2—picking wheel; 3—picking teeth; 4—conveyor belt; 5—limiting wheel; 6—belt pulley; 7—frame seat; 8—hydraulic cylinder; 9—side wall; Plate reinforcement bar; 11—front bearing seat; 12—side plate hinge seat; 13—side plate rear axle sleeve; 14—front axle; 15—rear axle; 16—front axle rubber cylinder; 17—rear axle steel cylinder.
具体实施方式 detailed description
请参阅图1、图2、图3、图4和图5所示，本发明包括有机架1、捡拾轮2、捡拾齿3、传送带4、限位轮5、皮带轮6、前轴14、后轴15、前轴橡胶筒16和后轴钢筒17，捡拾齿3均布在捡拾轮2的外侧圆周，捡拾轮2和传送带4间隔安装在前轴橡胶筒16上，限位轮5和传送带4间隔安装在后轴钢筒17上，前轴橡胶筒16通过前轴14铰接在前轴承座11上，后轴钢筒17和皮带轮6固定在后轴15上，后轴钢筒17通过后轴15铰接在侧板后轴套筒13上；机架1包括有机架座7、油缸8、侧板壁9、侧板加强杆10、前轴承座11、侧板铰接座12和侧板后轴套筒13，前轴承座11安装在侧板壁9的前端，侧板铰接座12焊接在侧板壁9的中部，侧板后轴套筒13焊接在侧板壁9的后端，油缸8的前端铰接在侧板铰接座12上，油缸8的后端铰接在机架座7的下端，机架座7的上端铰接在侧板后轴套筒13上，侧板加强杆10焊接在侧板壁9的内侧。 Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Fig. 5, the present invention comprises frame 1, pick-up wheel 2, pick-up tooth 3, conveyor belt 4, limit pulley 5, belt pulley 6, front axle 14, Rear axle 15, front axle rubber cylinder 16 and rear axle steel cylinder 17, picking up teeth 3 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of pick-up wheel 2, pick-up wheel 2 and conveyor belt 4 are installed on the front axle rubber cylinder 16 at intervals, limit wheel 5 and The conveyor belt 4 is installed on the rear axle steel cylinder 17 at intervals, the front axle rubber cylinder 16 is hinged on the front bearing seat 11 through the front axle 14, the rear axle steel cylinder 17 and the pulley 6 are fixed on the rear axle 15, and the rear axle steel cylinder 17 passes through The rear axle 15 is hinged on the side plate rear axle sleeve 13; the frame 1 includes a frame seat 7, an oil cylinder 8, a side plate wall 9, a side plate reinforcing rod 10, a front bearing seat 11, a side plate hinge seat 12 and a side plate Rear shaft sleeve 13, front bearing seat 11 is installed on the front end of side plate wall 9, side plate hinge seat 12 is welded on the middle part of side plate wall 9, side plate rear axle sleeve 13 is welded on the rear end of side plate wall 9, the oil cylinder 8 The front end is hinged on the side plate hinge seat 12, the rear end of the oil cylinder 8 is hinged on the lower end of the frame base 7, the upper end of the frame base 7 is hinged on the side plate rear axle sleeve 13, and the side plate reinforcement rod 10 is welded to the side plate wall 9 inside.
所述的捡拾齿3径向为圆形，前端为半椭球体，中间轴向轨迹为平面变曲率曲线，末端有螺栓，螺栓长于捡拾轮2的螺母，这样螺栓拧紧后，螺栓末端压入前轴橡胶筒13，使捡拾轮2与前轴橡胶筒13固定。 The pick-up tooth 3 is circular in radial direction, the front end is a semi-ellipsoid, the middle axial trajectory is a plane variable curvature curve, and there is a bolt at the end, and the bolt is longer than the nut of the pick-up wheel 2, so that after the bolt is tightened, the end of the bolt is pressed into the front The axle rubber cylinder 13 fixes the pick-up wheel 2 and the front axle rubber cylinder 13.
所述的传送带4为橡胶材质，其外侧表面具有曲率的波纹。 The conveyor belt 4 is made of rubber, and its outer surface has corrugations of curvature.
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| CN201510061480.7A CN104686090B (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2015-02-06 | Wheel band Liftable type corn straw pick-up device |
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| CN106171304A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2016-12-07 | 郭传轻 | A kind of straw pickup and the seeding apparatus equipped with this pickup |
| CN108377721B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2024-06-11 | 山东省农业科学院 | Creeping crop mowing, bottom shoveling and raking device |
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| RU2109438C1 (en) * | 1996-05-23 | 1998-04-27 | Николай Евгеньевич Чубиков | Cereal crop windrow pickup |
| US8266881B2 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2012-09-18 | Cnh America Llc | Flexible motor support system for a crop gathering device having a harvesting header |
| CN201830679U (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2011-05-18 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院呼和浩特分院 | Pasture and straw pick-up device |
| CN103688678A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-02 | 荣成市海山机械制造有限公司 | Peanut vine-pod collector |
| CN104081944B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Reverse flexible corn stalk picking device |
| CN204069827U (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2015-01-07 | 中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所 | A kind of block-resistant type sugarcane leaf bander pick-up mechanism |
| CN104322205A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 李海龙 | Stalk pickup and chopping machine |
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