CN104677677B - A kind of releasing type water body acquisition system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a drop-in water body collection system, aiming at providing a drop-in type water body collection system capable of conveniently and accurately collecting water samples within a specific distance above the seabed. It includes a trigger device, a trigger counterweight, a settling counterweight, several water sample collectors and a winch arranged on the hull; the trigger device includes a vertically arranged trigger cylinder, which can be slidably arranged The piston body and the lower piston body are connected with the first connecting rod of the upper and lower piston bodies, the second connecting rod arranged in the middle part of the lower end face of the lower piston body and the buoyancy device on the outer surface of the trigger cylinder.

Description

A drop-in water collection system

technical field

The invention relates to a water collection device, in particular to a drop-in water body collection system.

Background technique

Water sample collection is an important part of water environment scientific research and water environment protection and management. The collection of water samples at different depths is the premise and basis for the smooth development of various research work. The water body in the water area is affected by factors such as material, water flow, and temperature, and there will be a stratification effect. The hydrological, physical, chemical, and biological information of different water layers is different. Collecting and analyzing the differences in water bodies at different layers is a key step in environmental science and marine science. It is widely used in practical fields such as water ecological environment assessment and pollution accident investigation.

Most of the current water collectors are fixed-depth water collectors, that is, the water collectors are lowered into the water layer at a specific depth by ropes, and then the water samples are collected by the water collectors at the depth of the water layer, that is, the current water collectors The fixed-depth water sampling is carried out based on the water surface; in the process of water sampling, it is difficult for the operator to determine the specific seawater depth of each sea area, which makes it inconvenient to operate this type of fixed-depth water sampling device when collecting seabed water samples , it is difficult to accurately collect water samples within a certain distance above the seabed. For example, when it is necessary to collect water samples within a distance of 3 meters, 5 meters or 10 meters above the seabed, it is difficult for the current fixed-depth water sampling device to complete the collection task.

For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN202869850U, published on April 10, 2013, is an electric control closed water collection device, in which the bracket is installed on the water collection container, and the linkage shaft can slide up and down and be inserted into the bracket. , the trigger is installed on the linkage shaft or the clamping part of the upper sealing cover, the traction electromagnet can move up and down and is installed on the bracket and is set in cooperation with the trigger to drive the trigger to move upward when moving upward, and the power supply is connected to the traction through the switch circuit The electromagnet, the clamping part of the upper sealing cover is located between the bracket and the water collection container and is installed on the linkage shaft, the upper sealing cover is connected with the upper part of the water collection container and clamped in the clamping part of the upper sealing cover, the lower sealing cover It is connected with the lower part of the water collection container and set in linkage with the upper sealing cover, and the upper and lower sealing covers tend to cover the upper and lower parts of the water collection container respectively. The water sampling device of this application also uses the water surface as a reference to collect water at a fixed depth; it also has the problem of inconvenient operation when collecting seabed water samples, and it is difficult to accurately collect water samples within a certain distance above the seabed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the inconvenient operation of the fixed-depth water sampling device in the prior art when collecting seabed water samples, and it is difficult to accurately collect water samples within a specific distance above the seabed, and to provide a convenient and accurate collection method. Drop-in water collection system for water samples within a specific distance above the seabed.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A drop-in water collection system includes a trigger device, a trigger counterweight, a subsidence counterweight, several water sample collectors and a winch arranged on the hull; the winch includes a frame arranged on the hull, which can be Rotate the reel arranged on the frame, the traction rope wound on the reel and the drive motor arranged on the hull to drive the reel to rotate;

The triggering device includes a vertically arranged trigger cylinder, an upper piston body and a lower piston body slidably arranged in the trigger cylinder, a first connecting rod connecting the upper and lower piston bodies, and a middle part of the lower end surface of the lower piston body. The second connecting rod and the buoyancy device on the outer side of the trigger cylinder are set; the upper end of the trigger cylinder is open, the lower end is closed, the edge of the upper opening of the trigger cylinder is provided with several threading gaps, and the middle part of the lower end of the trigger cylinder is provided with The avoidance through hole, the lower end of the second connecting rod extends downward and passes through the avoidance through hole; the inner side of the trigger cylinder is provided with an upper limit protrusion and a lower limit protrusion, and the upper limit protrusion Located between the upper and lower piston bodies, the lower limit bump is located below the lower piston body, and when the lower piston body is against the lower limit bump, the upper piston body is located in the trigger cylinder above the upper limit bump; the lower piston When the body leans against the upper limit bump, the upper piston body is located above the upper end surface of the trigger cylinder; the second connecting rod is sleeved with a first compression spring between the lower piston body and the lower end of the trigger cylinder , the trigger counterweight is connected to the lower end of the second connecting rod through the first connecting rope, and when the trigger counterweight is suspended vertically below the trigger cylinder, the trigger counterweight can move the lower piston body downward, and Abut against the lower limit bump;

The sinking counterweight is suspended below the trigger cylinder through the second connecting rope; the triggering counterweight is located below the sinking counterweight; the buoyancy of the buoyancy device is greater than the sum of the gravity of the trigger device and the triggering counterweight, and less than The sum of the gravitational forces of the triggering device and the sinking counterweight;

The water sample collector includes a third connecting rope, a collection tube with both ends closed, guide through holes arranged at both ends of the collection tube, a sliding shaft arranged in the collection tube, and a limiter connected to the collection tube through the fourth connection rope. The position ball is arranged on the unlocking device and the buoyancy body on the collection tube, and the buoyancy of the buoyancy body is greater than the gravity of the water sample collector; the diameter of the limit ball is greater than the width of the threading gap; the length of the fourth connecting rope is less than The length of the third connecting rope; the sliding shaft passes through the guide through holes at the two ends of the collection tube, and a first sealing ring is respectively arranged between the two guide through holes and the sliding shaft, and the middle part of the outer surface of the sliding shaft is located at the collection tube. There is an annular protrusion inside the barrel, and a water inlet groove extending axially along the sliding shaft is provided on the outer surface of the sliding shaft, and the length of the water inlet groove is greater than the length of the guide through hole; the sliding shaft is located on the annular protrusion A third compression spring is sleeved between one end of the collection tube, and the third compression spring and the water inlet groove are located on opposite sides of the annular protrusion;

The unlocking device includes an unlocking cylinder arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the collection tube and perpendicular to the collection tube, a push piston that can be slidably arranged in the unlock cylinder, an unlocking lever arranged at one end of the push piston, and an unlocking lever arranged at one end of the push piston. The piston rod at the other end, the unlocking gear rod and the collection tube are located on the same side of the pushing piston, the piston rod passes through the end of the unlocking cylinder and is located outside the unlocking cylinder, and the piston rod is sleeved with a device that can be pushed The second compression spring that the piston moves towards the direction of the collection tube; the end of the unlocking lever passes through the side wall of the collection tube and is located in the inner cavity of the collection tube; when the annular protrusion and the third compression spring move to the position of the unlocking lever On the same side, the water inlet tank is located inside the collection tube; one end of the third connecting rope is connected to the trigger cylinder, and the other end is connected to the end of the piston rod.

In the process of collecting water samples, the drop-in water body collection system of this scheme uses the seabed as a reference to collect water at a fixed depth, so it can conveniently and accurately collect water samples within a certain distance above the seabed.

As preferably, a first annular stopper and a second annular stopper are provided on the inner side of the unlocking cylinder, the first annular stopper and the unlocking gear rod are located on the same side of the push piston, and the push piston is located between the first ring stopper and the second ring stopper. Between the annular stoppers, an air guide channel is provided in the side wall of the unlocking cylinder, and a port of the air guide channel communicates with the inner cavity of the unlocking cylinder, and the port of the air guide channel and the push piston are located in the second ring. The opposite sides of the block; the other port of the air guide channel communicates with the inner cavity of the collection tube; on the outer side of the unlocking cylinder, a radial through hole is arranged between the collection tube and the first annular block, so that The outer surface of the collection tube is provided with an axial through hole coaxial with the unlocking cylinder, the unlocking gear rod is coaxially arranged with the unlocking cylinder, the unlocking gear rod passes through the axial through hole, and the axial through hole is connected to the unlocking cylinder. A second sealing ring is provided between the unlocking gear rod; a third sealing ring is provided between the piston rod and the unlocking cylinder; when the piston is pushed against the first annular block, the end of the unlocking gear rod extends into the inner side of the end face of the annular projection; when the push piston abuts against the second annular stopper, the end of the unlocking lever is located outside the end face of the annular projection. The structure of this scheme is favorable for the unlocking device to be unlocked smoothly when the water sample collector floats up to the designated position, so that the water sample collector can smoothly collect water samples.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the unlocking gear lever is the same as that of the piston rod, and the cross-sectional area of the pushing piston is twice the cross-sectional area of the unlocking gear lever. The structure of this scheme is beneficial to the smooth unlocking of the unlocking device, so that the water sample collector can smoothly collect water samples.

Preferably, the buoyancy body and the unlocking device are located on opposite sides of the collection cylinder.

Preferably, an annular support bottom plate is provided on the outer side of the trigger cylinder, and an annular side baffle extending upward is provided on the outer edge of the annular support bottom plate; the water sample collector is placed above the annular support bottom plate.

Preferably, the water sample collector further includes a vertical winding rod arranged on the upper surface of the annular support base plate, and the third connecting rope of the water sample collector is wound on the vertical winding rod.

As a preference, two vertical suspenders evenly distributed around the circumference of the trigger cylinder are provided on the outside of the trigger cylinder, and the two vertical suspenders are respectively connected to the trigger cylinder through connectors, and a vertical suspender is arranged between the upper ends of the two vertical suspenders. There is a connecting push rod connecting two vertical suspending rods, and the middle part of the connecting pushing rod is provided with a suspension ring, and one end of the traction rope is connected with the suspension ring.

Preferably, the buoyancy device is an annular floating block surrounding the trigger cylinder, and the annular floating block is a hollow annular floating block.

The invention has the beneficial effects of being able to conveniently and accurately collect water samples within a certain distance above the seabed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the drop-in water collection system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the water sample collector in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the water collection system of the present invention during the water collection process.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the water sample collector in Fig. 4 during the water collection process.

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 5 .

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in FIG. 1 , a drop-in water collection system includes a trigger device 1 , a trigger counterweight 112 , a sinking counterweight 4 , four water sample collectors 3 and a winch 5 arranged on the hull. The winch comprises a vehicle frame 51 arranged on the hull, a reel 53 which is rotatably arranged on the vehicle frame by an axle rod 52, a traction rope 54 wound on the reel and a drive which is arranged on the hull for driving the rotation of the reel. motor. The axle rod is rotatably arranged on the vehicle frame through bearings. The shaft is set horizontally. A gear reducer is arranged between the drive motor and the shaft.

The trigger device comprises a vertical trigger cylinder 11, an upper piston body 14 and a lower piston body 16 slidably arranged in the trigger cylinder, and a first connecting rod 12 connecting the upper and lower piston bodies, which is arranged on the lower end surface of the lower piston body. The second connecting rod 19 in the middle and the buoyancy device 111 on the outer surface of the trigger cylinder are set. The upper end of the trigger cylinder is open and the lower end is closed. The opening edge of the upper end of the trigger cylinder is provided with several threading notches 15 . The escape through hole 110 provided in the middle of the lower end surface of the trigger cylinder. An annular support base plate 114 is arranged on the outer side of the trigger cylinder. An annular side baffle 115 extending upward is provided on the outer edge of the annular support base. The buoyancy device is an annular buoy surrounding the trigger cylinder. The annular float is a hollow annular float. The annular buoyancy block is located under the annular support base plate. Two vertical suspenders 21 are arranged on the outer side of the trigger cylinder evenly distributed around the circumference of the trigger cylinder, and the two vertical suspenders are respectively connected with the trigger cylinder through connectors. The upper ends of the two vertical suspenders are located above the trigger cylinder. A connecting jack 22 connecting the two vertical suspenders is arranged between the upper ends of the two vertical suspenders, and the middle part of the connecting jack is provided with a suspension ring. The connecting push rod is parallel to the top surface of the trigger cylinder. The distance between the connecting push rod and the top surface of the trigger cylinder is greater than the distance between the upper limit projection and the lower limit projection. One end of the traction rope is connected with the suspension ring.

The second connecting rod is arranged coaxially with the lower piston body. The lower end of the second connecting rod extends downwards and passes through the avoidance through hole. An upper limit projection 13 and a lower limit projection 17 are arranged on the inner side of the trigger cylinder. The upper limit projection is located between the upper and lower piston bodies. The lower limit projection is located below the lower piston body. When the lower piston body is against the lower limit bump, the upper piston body is located in the trigger cylinder above the upper limit bump (as shown in Figure 1); when the lower piston body is against the upper limit bump, the upper piston The body is located above the upper end surface of the trigger cylinder (as shown in Figure 4). A first compression spring 18 is sheathed on the second connecting rod between the lower piston body and the lower end of the trigger cylinder. The trigger counterweight is connected with the lower end of the second connecting rod by the first connecting rope 113, and when the trigger counterweight is suspended vertically below the trigger cylinder, the trigger counterweight can make the lower piston body move down and lean against On the lower limit bump. The sinking counterweight is suspended below the trigger cylinder through the second connecting rope 41, one end of the second connecting rope is connected with the sinking counterweight, and the other end is connected with the bottom surface of the trigger cylinder. The trigger counterweight is located below the settling counterweight, specifically, when the trigger counterweight and the settling counterweight are vertically suspended below the trigger cylinder, the trigger counterweight is located below the settling counterweight, and the trigger counterweight and the settling counterweight The distance between them is greater than the distance between the upper and lower limit bumps.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the water sample collector includes a third connecting rope 31, a collection tube 34 with both ends closed, guide through holes arranged at both ends of the collection tube, and a sliding shaft 312 arranged in the collection tube, through which The limit ball 32 that the fourth connecting rope 33 is connected with the collection tube, the unlocking device 39 that is arranged on the collection tube, the vertical winding rod 30 and the buoyancy body 311 that are arranged on the upper surface of the annular support base. The water sample collector is placed above the annular support base plate. The third connecting rope of the water sample collector is wound on the vertical winding rod. The buoyancy body and the unlocking device are located on opposite sides of the collection cylinder. The diameter of the limiting ball is greater than the width of the threading gap. When the lower piston body abuts against the upper limit projection, the upper piston body is located above the upper end surface of the trigger cylinder, and the distance between the upper piston body and the upper end surface of the trigger cylinder is greater than the diameter of the limit ball. The length of the fourth connecting rope is less than the length of the third connecting rope. The length of the fourth connecting rope is within 0.5 meters.

The sliding shaft passes through the guide through holes at both ends of the collection tube, and first sealing rings are respectively arranged between the two guide through holes and the sliding shaft. The two guide through holes have the same length. A sealing ring installation groove is arranged on the inner surface of the guiding through hole, and the first sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring installing groove on the inner surface of the guiding through hole. An annular projection 38 is arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the sliding shaft and located in the collecting tube. A water inlet groove 310 extending axially along the sliding shaft is provided on the outer surface of the sliding shaft, and the length of the water inlet groove is greater than the length of the guide through hole. A third compression spring 37 is sheathed on the sliding shaft between the annular projection and one end of the collection tube. The third compression spring and the water inlet groove are located on opposite sides of the annular protrusion. The distance between the water inlet groove and the annular protrusion is greater than the length of the guiding through hole.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the unlocking device includes an unlocking cylinder 313 arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the collection tube and perpendicular to the collection tube, a push piston 315 that can be slidably arranged in the unlock cylinder, and is arranged at one end of the push piston The unlocking lever 318 and the piston rod 314 that are arranged on the other end of the moving piston. The unlock lever is located on the same side of the push piston as the collection cartridge. A first annular stopper 321 and a second annular stopper 322 are arranged on the inner side of the unlocking cylinder. The first annular stop is located on the same side of the push piston as the unlocking lever. The pushing piston is located between the first annular stopper and the second annular stopper. An air guide channel 323 is provided in the side wall of the unlocking cylinder. A port of the air guide passage communicates with the inner cavity of the unlocking cylinder, and the port of the air guide passage and the pushing piston are located on opposite sides of the second annular stopper. The other port of the air guide channel communicates with the inner cavity of the collection cylinder. A radial through hole 316 is provided on the outer side of the unlocking cylinder between the collection cylinder and the first annular stopper. An axial through hole coaxial with the unlocking cylinder is provided on the outer surface of the collecting cylinder. The cross-sectional area of the unlocking gear rod is the same as that of the piston rod, and the cross-sectional area of the push piston is twice the cross-sectional area of the unlocking gear rod.

The unlocking gear lever is arranged coaxially with the unlocking cylinder body. The end of the unlocking gear rod passes through the side wall of the collecting tube and is located in the inner cavity of the collecting tube. Specifically, the unlocking gear rod passes through the axial through hole and is located in the inner cavity of the collecting tube. A second sealing ring 317 is provided between the axial through hole and the unlocking lever. A sealing ring installation groove is provided on the inner surface of the axial through hole, and the second sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring installation groove on the inner surface of the axial through hole. When pushing the piston against the first ring stopper, the end of the unlocking lever extends into the inner side of the end face of the ring bump (as shown in Figure 3); when pushing the piston against the second ring stopper , the end of the unlocking gear lever is located outside the end face of the annular projection (as shown in Figure 5).

The piston rod passes through the end of the unlocking cylinder and is positioned outside the unlocking cylinder. A third sealing ring 319 is provided between the piston rod and the unlocking cylinder. The piston rod is sheathed with a second compression spring 320 that can push the push piston toward the direction of the collection cylinder. The second compression spring can push the piston against the ring stop. One end of the third connecting rope is connected with the trigger cylinder, and the other end is connected with the end of the piston rod; One end is connected with the end of the piston rod.

The buoyancy of the buoyancy device is greater than the sum of the gravity of the trigger device and the trigger counterweight, and smaller than the sum of the gravity of the trigger device and the sinking counterweight. The sum of the buoyancy of the buoyancy device and each buoyancy body is less than the sum of the gravity of the trigger device and the sinking counterweight. The buoyancy of the buoyancy body is greater than the gravity of the water sample collector; in this embodiment, the buoyancy of the buoyancy body is greater than twice the gravity of the water sample collector, and when the water sample collector floats up and the third connecting rope is stretched straight, the buoyancy The buoyancy of the body will overcome the elastic force of the second compression spring, so that the pushing piston drives the unlocking gear lever 318 to move down until the pushing piston abuts against the second annular stopper 322; outside of the end face of the block.

When the annular protrusion and the third compression spring move to the same side of the unlocking gear lever, the water inlet groove is located inside the collecting tube. When the annular protrusion abuts against the end of the collection tube under the action of the third compression spring, the water inlet groove is located outside the collection tube.

The specific working process of the throw-in type water collection system of the present invention is as follows:

First, as shown in FIG. 1 , put the limit ball 32 of each water sample collector into the trigger cylinder from the upper port of the trigger cylinder, and place the corresponding fourth connecting rope 33 in the threading gap 15 .

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, move the annular projection 38 and the third compression spring 37 to the same side of the unlocking lever, and make the annular projection lean against the unlocking lever; at this time, the 310 water inlet tank is located Inside the tube, outside seawater cannot enter the collection tube.

Second, as shown in Figure 1, the drop-in water body collection system is lifted by the winch 5, and the drop-in type water body collection system is placed in a designated water area to collect water;

When the drop-in water collection system is hoisted, the trigger counterweight moves the lower piston body down and abuts against the lower limit bump; at this time, the upper piston body is located in the trigger cylinder above the upper limit bump, for Block the limit ball to prevent the limit ball from protruding from the upper port of the trigger cylinder.

When the drop-in water body collection system is lowered in the water area, each water sample collector will be suspended in the water area through the limit ball and the fourth connecting rope.

Third, as shown in Figure 4, when the drop-in water collection system sinks to the bottom of the sea, the trigger counterweight will first contact the bottom of the sea, and then the drop-in water collection system will continue to sink under the action of the sinking counterweight until the sinking counterweight It sinks to the bottom of the sea; and in this process, the first compression spring 18 will push the upper and lower piston bodies upward until the lower piston body abuts against the upper limit projection 13 .

When the lower piston body is against the upper limit bump, the upper piston body is above the upper end surface of the trigger cylinder, and the distance between the upper piston body and the upper end surface of the trigger cylinder is greater than the diameter of the limit ball; the limit ball It can be detached from the upper port of the trigger cylinder body, so at this time, each water sample collector floats up under the action of the buoyancy body.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, when the water sample collector floats up and the third connecting rope 31 is stretched straight, the buoyancy of the buoyancy body will overcome the elastic force of the second compression spring 320, so that the push piston drives the unlocking lever 318 toward Move down until the push piston abuts against the second annular stopper 322; at this time, the end of the unlocking gear lever 318 is located outside the end face of the annular protrusion, and the third sealing ring 317 is still against the side of the unlocking gear lever .

After the end of the unlocking gear lever is positioned at the outside of the end face of the ring bump, the third compression spring 37 ring bump moves toward the other end of the collection tube, and makes the ring bump lean against the end of the collection tube; in this process The water inlet tank will go through the following state: one end of the water inlet tank 310 is located outside the collection tube, and the other end is located inside the collection tube (as shown in Figure 5); at this time, the external seawater will enter the collection tube through the water inlet tank. When the annular projection abuts against the end of the collection tube, the sliding shaft will cooperate with the second sealing ring again for sealing. So far, the water sample collection has been completed.

The present invention can control the distance between the collection cylinder and the seabed by controlling the length of the third connecting rope 31, so as to conveniently and accurately collect water samples within a certain distance above the seabed.

Claims (7)

1. A drop-in water body collection system is characterized in that it includes a trigger device (1), a trigger counterweight (112), a settlement counterweight (4), several water sample collectors (3) and a set on the hull winch (5); the winch includes a frame (51) arranged on the hull, a reel (53) rotatably arranged on the frame through a shaft (52), and a traction rope wound on the reel ( 54) and a drive motor arranged on the hull for driving the rotation of the reel; The trigger device includes a vertical trigger cylinder (11), an upper piston body (14) and a lower piston body (16) slidably arranged in the trigger cylinder, and a first connecting rod connecting the upper and lower piston bodies (12), the second connecting rod (19) arranged in the middle of the lower end surface of the lower piston body and the buoyancy device (111) arranged on the outer side of the trigger cylinder; the upper end of the trigger cylinder is open, the lower end is closed, and the trigger cylinder There are several threading notches (15) on the edge of the upper opening of the trigger cylinder, and an avoidance through hole (110) is provided in the middle of the lower end surface of the trigger cylinder, and the lower end of the second connecting rod extends downward and passes through the avoidance through hole; An upper limit protrusion (13) and a lower limit protrusion (17) are arranged on the inner side of the trigger cylinder, the upper limit protrusion is located between the upper and lower piston bodies, the lower limit protrusion is located below the lower piston body, and When the lower piston body is against the lower limit bump, the upper piston body is located in the trigger cylinder above the upper limit bump; when the lower piston body is against the upper limit bump, the upper piston body is located on the trigger cylinder. above the end face; on the second connecting rod, a first compression spring (18) is sheathed between the lower piston body and the lower end of the trigger cylinder, and the trigger counterweight connects with the second connecting rope (113) The lower ends of the connecting rods are connected, and when the trigger counterweight is suspended vertically below the trigger cylinder, the trigger counterweight can move the lower piston body downward and lean against the lower limit projection; The sinking weight is suspended below the trigger cylinder through the second connecting rope (41); the triggering weight is located below the sinking weight; the buoyancy of the buoyancy device is greater than the sum of the gravity of the triggering device and the triggering weight , and less than the sum of the gravity of the trigger device and the sinking counterweight; The water sample collector includes a third connecting rope (31), a collection tube (34) with both ends closed, guide through holes provided at both ends of the collection tube, and a sliding shaft (312) provided in the collection tube, passing through the first Four connecting ropes (33) are connected to the limit ball (32) of the collection tube, the unlocking device (39) and the buoyancy body (311) arranged on the collection tube, and the buoyancy of the buoyancy body is greater than the gravity of the water sample collector; The diameter of the limit ball is greater than the width of the threading gap; the length of the fourth connecting rope is less than the length of the third connecting rope; A first sealing ring is provided between the shafts, an annular protrusion (38) is provided in the middle of the outer surface of the sliding shaft and located in the collection tube, and a water inlet groove extending axially along the sliding shaft is provided on the outer surface of the sliding shaft (310), and the length of the water inlet tank is greater than the length of the guide through hole; a third compression spring (37) is sleeved on the sliding shaft between the annular protrusion and one end of the collection tube, and the third compression spring Located on the opposite sides of the ring bump with the water inlet; The unlocking device includes an unlocking cylinder (313) arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the collection tube and perpendicular to the collection tube, a push piston (315) slidably set in the unlock cylinder, and an unlocking gear set at one end of the push piston The rod (318) and the piston rod (314) arranged at the other end of the push piston, the unlocking gear rod and the collection cylinder are located on the same side of the push piston, the piston rod passes through the end of the unlock cylinder and is located outside the unlock cylinder , the piston rod is covered with a second compression spring (320) that can push the push piston toward the direction of the collection tube; the end of the unlocking lever passes through the side wall of the collection tube and is located in the inner cavity of the collection tube; when the When the ring bump and the third compression spring move to the same side of the unlocking lever, the water inlet tank is located inside the collection tube; one end of the third connecting rope is connected to the trigger cylinder, and the other end is connected to the end of the piston rod. part connected. 2. A drop-in water collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that a first annular stopper (321) and a second annular stopper (322) are provided on the inner side of the unlocking cylinder, and the second annular stopper (322) An annular stopper is located on the same side of the push piston as the unlocking gear rod, and the push piston is located between the first annular stopper and the second ring stopper, and an air guide channel (323) is provided in the side wall of the unlocking cylinder. One port of the air guide channel communicates with the inner cavity of the unlocking cylinder, and the port of the air guide channel and the pushing piston are located on opposite sides of the second annular stopper; the other port of the air guide channel communicates with the inner cavity of the collection tube A radial through hole (316) is provided on the outer side of the unlocking cylinder between the collecting cylinder and the first annular stopper, and an axial through hole (316) coaxial with the unlocking cylinder is provided on the outer surface of the collecting cylinder. hole, the unlocking gear rod is set coaxially with the unlocking cylinder body, the unlocking gear rod passes through the axial through hole, and a second sealing ring (317) is arranged between the axial through hole and the unlocking gear rod; the piston A third sealing ring (319) is provided between the rod and the unlocking cylinder; When pushing the piston against the first annular stopper, the end of the unlocking lever extends into the inner side of the end face of the annular projection; when the pushing piston abuts against the second annular stopper, the end of the unlocking lever The part is located on the outer side of the end surface of the annular protrusion. 3. A throwing type water collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the unlocking lever is the same as the cross-sectional area of the piston rod, and the cross-sectional area of the pushing piston is equal to that of the unlocking lever. twice the cross-sectional area of the 4. A drop-in water collection system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that an annular support base plate (114) is provided on the outer side of the trigger cylinder, and the outer edge of the annular support base plate is provided with a An annular side baffle (115) extending above; the water sample collector is placed above the annular support bottom plate. 5. A drop-in water body collection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the water sample collector further comprises a vertical winding rod (30) arranged on the upper surface of the annular support base plate, and the water sample collection The third connecting rope of the device is wound on the vertical winding rod. 6. A drop-in water collection system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that two vertical suspenders (21) evenly distributed around the circumference of the trigger cylinder are provided on the outside of the trigger cylinder , and the two vertical booms are respectively connected to the trigger cylinder through connectors, the upper ends of the two vertical booms are provided with a connecting jack (22) connecting the two vertical booms, and the middle part of the connecting jack is provided A suspension ring is arranged, and one end of the traction rope is connected with the suspension ring. 7. A drop-in water collection system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the buoyancy device is an annular floating block surrounding the trigger cylinder, and the annular floating block is a hollow annular floating block.