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CN104676597B - An organic waste incinerator - Google Patents

An organic waste incinerator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104676597B
CN104676597B CN201510010606.8A CN201510010606A CN104676597B CN 104676597 B CN104676597 B CN 104676597B CN 201510010606 A CN201510010606 A CN 201510010606A CN 104676597 B CN104676597 B CN 104676597B
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China
Prior art keywords
incinerator
main shaft
ball
organic waste
smoke
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201510010606.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104676597A (en
Inventor
孙永剑
万昌江
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Publication of CN104676597A publication Critical patent/CN104676597A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/06Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic refuse incineration device. The organic refuse incineration device comprises an incinerator, a feeder, a flue gas purifier and a preheater, wherein the feeder feeds refuse to the incinerator, and the flue gas purifier purifies flue gas exhausted by the incinerator. The incinerator comprises an incinerator body, an incinerator head and an incinerator tail. A transmission main shaft driven by a main motor is arranged in an incineration cavity in the incinerator and is provided with a plurality of refuse scattering bodies used for stirring the refuse. The feeder comprises a feeding cylinder extending into the incineration cavity from a feed inlet, and a feeding auger is arranged in the feeding cylinder. The preheater comprises a preheating hopper and a spiral flue encircling the preheating hopper. The flue gas purifier comprises an outer flue gas exhaust channel and a water pool. A plurality of water sprayers are arranged above the outer flue gas exhaust channel. By the organic refuse incineration device, animal carcasses can be effectively incinerated concentratedly, incineration processes are stable and efficient, full incineration can be guaranteed, the generated flue gas can be treated effectively, and flue dust pollution can be avoided.

Description

一种有机垃圾焚烧装置An organic waste incinerator

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及有机垃圾处理领域,尤其是涉及一种有机垃圾焚烧装置。The invention relates to the field of organic waste treatment, in particular to an organic waste incineration device.

背景技术Background technique

目前,我国正大力推行垃圾分类处理方法,将垃圾分类成可回收和不可回收垃圾,其中可回收垃圾主要有塑料瓶、纸张等,不可回收垃圾主要是一些有机垃圾如瓜果皮、菜叶、动物内脏等,这些有机垃圾通常通过填埋处理。对于采用填埋方式处理有机垃圾,分解较为缓慢,需要较长时间才能分解完毕从而转换为土壤肥力,这样不仅会占用较多的土地资源,而且实际供肥能力较差。所以,可选择将其进行集中焚烧,从而烧制成肥料的方式来进行合理使用。然而,目前在焚烧过程中,有几个主要的不足之处:容易产生大量的固体颗粒物,从而形成烟尘,对周边环境造成不利影响:因为集中焚烧,易出现焚烧过程不充分的现象,原料利用率受限且会导致杂质含量过高;而由于不完全燃烧导致制成的中杂质、余料较多,需要进行后续的处理,增加了工序,对生产效率和成本造成负面影响。At present, our country is vigorously promoting the garbage sorting method to classify garbage into recyclable and non-recyclable garbage. Animal offal, etc., these organic wastes are usually disposed of through landfills. For the disposal of organic waste by landfill, the decomposition is relatively slow, and it takes a long time to complete the decomposition and convert it into soil fertility. This will not only occupy more land resources, but also have poor actual fertilizer supply capacity. Therefore, it can be selected to be incinerated centrally and burned into fertilizer for rational use. However, at present, there are several major deficiencies in the incineration process: a large amount of solid particles are easily produced, thereby forming smoke and dust, which has adverse effects on the surrounding environment; The efficiency is limited and the impurity content is too high; and due to incomplete combustion, there are more impurities and residues in the product, which requires subsequent treatment, which increases the process and has a negative impact on production efficiency and cost.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明是为了克服现有技术的上述不足,提供了一种能有效对有机垃圾进行集中烧制处理,烧制过程稳定高效、可保障焚烧充分,并能对产生的烟气进行有效处理,可避免造成烟尘污染的有机垃圾焚烧装置。The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a method that can effectively carry out centralized burning treatment of organic waste, the burning process is stable and efficient, can ensure sufficient burning, and can effectively treat the generated flue gas. Avoid organic waste incinerators that cause smoke pollution.

为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

本发明的一种有机垃圾焚烧装置,包括焚烧炉、向焚烧炉进行送料的进料装置、对焚烧炉排出的热烟气进行净化的净烟装置以及预热装置;所述的焚烧炉包括炉体、炉头和炉尾,焚烧炉倾斜布置且炉头高于炉尾,所述炉体具有焚烧腔,焚烧腔中设有由主电机带动的传动主轴,所述的传动主轴上设有多个用于拨动物料的散料体,所述的炉头设有进料口和出气口,所述炉尾设有出料口和进气口;所述的进料装置包括从进料口伸入焚烧腔的送料筒,所述的送料筒内设有送料绞龙,送料筒的末端设有同轴的压缩部,所述的压缩部的口径从送料筒开始逐渐减小,压缩部内靠近其出口端设有可旋转的转刀;所述预热装置包括预热料斗以及围绕预热料斗的螺旋形烟道,所述螺旋形烟道的进气端与焚烧炉的出气口连通,预热料斗的落料端与送料筒的进料端连通;所述的净烟装置包括排烟外道、落水池,所述的排烟外道与出气口连通,所述的排烟外道内上方设有多个淋水头,淋水方向为从上至下,所述的排烟外道与落水池连通;所述的压缩部的侧壁上设有若干出水孔,压缩部外壁设有环形腔,所述的环形腔内部与出水孔连通。An organic waste incineration device of the present invention includes an incinerator, a feeding device for feeding materials to the incinerator, a smoke cleaning device for purifying hot flue gas discharged from the incinerator, and a preheating device; the incinerator includes a furnace Body, furnace head and furnace tail. The incinerator is arranged obliquely and the furnace head is higher than the furnace tail. The furnace body has an incineration chamber, and a transmission shaft driven by a main motor is arranged in the combustion chamber. A bulk material body for moving materials, the furnace head is provided with a feed inlet and an air outlet, and the furnace tail is provided with a feed outlet and an air inlet; the feeding device includes The feeding cylinder extending into the incineration chamber, the feeding auger is provided in the feeding cylinder, the end of the feeding cylinder is provided with a coaxial compression part, the diameter of the compression part gradually decreases from the feeding cylinder, and the compression part is close to The outlet end is provided with a rotatable rotary knife; the preheating device includes a preheating hopper and a spiral flue surrounding the preheating hopper, and the inlet end of the spiral flue communicates with the gas outlet of the incinerator. The blanking end of the hot hopper communicates with the feeding end of the feeding cylinder; the smoke cleaning device includes an outer smoke exhaust channel and a sink, the outer smoke exhaust channel communicates with the gas outlet, and a A plurality of water shower heads, the water spraying direction is from top to bottom, the outer smoke exhaust channel is connected with the sink; the side wall of the compression part is provided with a number of water outlet holes, and the outer wall of the compression part is provided with an annular cavity. The inside of the annular cavity communicates with the water outlet hole.

作为优选,所述的净烟装置还包括一排烟管路,所述的排烟管路内壁与落水池水面之间形成排烟终道,所述的排烟终道内设有多个喷雾器,所述的喷雾器的水源为落水池,所述的排烟终道入口与排烟外道出口连通。As a preference, the smoke cleaning device further includes a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke exhaust terminal is formed between the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline and the water surface of the sink, and a plurality of sprayers are arranged in the smoke exhaust terminal , the water source of the sprayer is a sink, and the entrance of the final smoke exhaust channel is connected with the outlet of the outer smoke exhaust channel.

作为优选,所述的进气口连接一压气装置,所述螺旋形烟道的出气端与净烟装置之间设有沉降室,所述的沉降室与螺旋形烟道的出气端之间通过出烟管连接,沉降室与净烟装置之间通过过烟管连接,所述的净烟装置的口径为出烟管口径的3至10倍。As a preference, the air inlet is connected to a compressor, a settling chamber is provided between the gas outlet end of the spiral flue and the smoke cleaning device, and the settling chamber and the gas outlet end of the spiral flue pass through The smoke outlet pipe is connected, and the settling chamber and the smoke cleaning device are connected through a smoke passing pipe. The diameter of the smoke cleaning device is 3 to 10 times the diameter of the smoke outlet pipe.

作为优选,所述的出烟管与沉降室的连接部位于沉降室一端管口的上部,过烟管与沉降室的连接部位于沉降室另一端管口的上部,所述的沉降室下部设有卸料门。As preferably, the connecting part of the outlet pipe and the settling chamber is located at the upper part of the mouth of one end of the settling chamber, the connecting part of the smoke passing pipe and the settling chamber is located at the upper part of the mouth of the other end of the settling chamber, and the lower part of the settling chamber is set There is a discharge door.

作为优选,还包括一打垢电机,所述的传动主轴上设有主轴内腔,一根与传动主轴同轴的传动内轴伸入主轴内腔之中,所述的传动内轴一端可通过打垢电机输出轴带动旋转,另一端与内轴轴承配合连接,所述的传动主轴上设有多个打垢装置,所述的打垢装置包括打垢球、限位球、收球弹簧、滑杆、设于传动主轴壁上的滑孔,所述的滑杆与滑孔滑动配合,所述的打垢球与限位球分别与滑杆两端连接,所述的收球弹簧套设在滑杆上且处在限位球与传动主轴内侧壁之间,所述的打垢球与传动主轴外侧壁接触,所述的传动内轴上设有多个用于推动限位球的推板,每个限位球对应一个推板。As a preference, it also includes a cleaning motor, the transmission shaft is provided with a shaft inner cavity, and a transmission inner shaft coaxial with the transmission shaft extends into the main shaft inner cavity, and one end of the transmission inner shaft can pass through the inner cavity of the main shaft. The output shaft of the cleaning motor is driven to rotate, and the other end is connected with the bearing of the inner shaft. The transmission spindle is provided with a plurality of cleaning devices, and the cleaning devices include a cleaning ball, a limit ball, a ball receiving spring, The sliding rod and the sliding hole arranged on the wall of the transmission main shaft, the sliding rod and the sliding hole are slidably matched, the dirt-cleaning ball and the limit ball are respectively connected to the two ends of the sliding rod, and the ball-receiving spring is sleeved On the slide bar and between the limit ball and the inner wall of the transmission main shaft, the dirt ball is in contact with the outer wall of the transmission main shaft, and the inner shaft of the transmission is provided with a plurality of pushers for pushing the limit ball plate, each limit ball corresponds to a push plate.

作为优选,所述的打垢装置还包括延长保护基,所述的延长保护基与转子主轴内侧壁连接,所述的滑杆穿过延长保护基,所述的收球弹簧两端分别压紧限位球、延长保护基,对于隶属于同一个打垢装置的打垢球与滑杆,其中的打垢球球心与转子主轴轴线的垂直连线,与其中的滑杆之间成20至45度角。As a preference, the descaling device further includes an extended protective base, the extended protective base is connected to the inner wall of the rotor main shaft, the sliding rod passes through the extended protective base, and the two ends of the ball receiving spring are respectively compressed For the limit ball and the extended protection base, for the fouling ball and the sliding rod belonging to the same fouling device, the vertical connection line between the center of the fouling ball and the axis of the rotor main shaft and the sliding rod are within 20 to 45-degree angle.

作为优选,还包括炉体驱动电机,所述的炉体与炉头、炉尾转动连接,所述炉体两端分别设有支撑轮对炉体进行支撑定位,所述的炉体上固定有同轴的齿圈,所述的齿圈由炉体驱动电机带动。Preferably, it also includes a drive motor for the furnace body, the furnace body is rotatably connected with the furnace head and the furnace tail, and the two ends of the furnace body are respectively provided with supporting wheels to support and position the furnace body, and the furnace body is fixed with A coaxial ring gear, the said ring gear is driven by the furnace drive motor.

作为优选,所述送料绞龙的螺距从送料筒向压缩部的方向逐渐减小,送料绞龙的边缘设有连续的刃口。Preferably, the screw pitch of the feeding auger gradually decreases from the feeding cylinder to the compression part, and the edge of the feeding auger is provided with a continuous cutting edge.

作为优选,还包括可向主轴内腔内鼓风的气泵,所述散料体呈中空管状,散料体的中心通孔与主轴内腔连通。Preferably, it also includes an air pump capable of blowing air into the inner cavity of the main shaft, the bulk material body is in the shape of a hollow tube, and the central through hole of the bulk material body communicates with the inner cavity of the main shaft.

作为优选,所述的焚烧炉内设有预热料筒,所述的预热料筒与压缩部的出口端连通,所述的预热料筒处在焚烧炉内远离进气口的一端。Preferably, a preheating barrel is provided in the incinerator, and the preheating barrel communicates with the outlet end of the compression part, and the preheating barrel is located at the end of the incinerator away from the air inlet.

因此,本发明具有如下有益效果:(1)具有喷雾和淋水净化功能,两道净化工序完善地实现对烟气中固体颗粒物和粉尘的清除;(2)利用烟气余热对原料进行预热、干化,提高后续烧制效果;(3)对有机垃圾能进行破碎,降低物料大小,在压缩部内通过挤压将有机垃圾中水分排出,便于充分、快速燃烧;(4)工作完成后可以快速实现内部结垢的清理操作,可延长使用寿命、保证下一次的焚烧效果。Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) It has the functions of spraying and spraying water purification, and the two purification processes perfectly realize the removal of solid particles and dust in the flue gas; (2) Preheating the raw materials by using the waste heat of the flue gas , drying, and improve the subsequent firing effect; (3) The organic waste can be crushed to reduce the size of the material, and the moisture in the organic waste can be discharged by extrusion in the compression part, which is convenient for full and rapid combustion; (4) After the work is completed, it can be Quickly realize the cleaning operation of internal scaling, which can prolong the service life and ensure the next incineration effect.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

图2是本发明焚烧炉及送料装置处的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the structural representation of incinerator and feeding device place of the present invention;

图3是本发明预热装置的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of preheating device of the present invention;

图4是本发明实施例2中主轴内腔内的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the inner cavity of the main shaft in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

图中,焚烧炉1,炉头1a,炉体1b,炉尾1c,焚烧腔1d,出气口101,进气口102,齿圈103,支撑轮104,进料装置2,送料筒2a,压缩部2b,预热料筒2c,进料端2d,送料绞龙21,环形腔201,预热装置3,预热料斗3a,出气端3b,进气端3c,螺旋形烟道3d,落料端301,出烟管4,沉降室5,卸料门5a,过烟管6,净烟装置7,淋水头701,喷雾器702,落水池703,排烟外道7a,排烟终道7b,排烟管路8,湿热气管8a,主电机9,传动主轴10,散料体11,转刀12,推板13, 延长保护基14, 滑杆15, 收球弹簧16,传动内轴17,打垢球18,限位球19。In the figure, an incinerator 1, a furnace head 1a, a furnace body 1b, a furnace tail 1c, an incineration chamber 1d, an air outlet 101, an air inlet 102, a ring gear 103, a supporting wheel 104, a feeding device 2, a feeding cylinder 2a, a compression Part 2b, preheating barrel 2c, feeding end 2d, feeding auger 21, annular chamber 201, preheating device 3, preheating hopper 3a, gas outlet 3b, inlet 3c, spiral flue 3d, blanking end 301, smoke outlet pipe 4, settling chamber 5, unloading door 5a, smoke passing pipe 6, smoke cleaning device 7, shower head 701, sprayer 702, sink 703, smoke exhaust outer channel 7a, smoke exhaust final channel 7b, exhaust Smoke pipeline 8, hot and humid air pipe 8a, main motor 9, transmission spindle 10, bulk material body 11, rotary knife 12, push plate 13, extension protection base 14, slide rod 15, ball receiving spring 16, transmission inner shaft 17, Dirt ball 18, limit ball 19.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

实施例1Example 1

如图1、图2、图3所示的实施例1中,一种有机垃圾焚烧装置,包括焚烧炉1、进料装置2、净烟装置7和预热装置3;焚烧炉包括炉体1b、炉头1a和炉尾1c,焚烧炉倾斜布置,炉头的高度要高于炉尾。炉体内部具有焚烧腔1d,结合图2所示,焚烧腔中设有由主电机9带动的传动主轴10,传动主轴上设有多个用于拨动有机垃圾物料的散料体11,散料体呈中空管状结构,沿着传动主轴的径向布置,还包括可向主轴内腔内鼓风的气泵,散料体的中心通孔与主轴内腔连通。炉头设有进料口和出气口101,炉尾设有出料口和进气口102,出气口和进气口位于焚烧炉的上部,进料口和出料口位于焚烧炉的下部,进气口连接一压气装置,从而保证进气充分。还包括炉体驱动电机,炉体与炉头、炉尾转动连接,炉体两端分别设有支撑轮104对炉体进行支撑定位,炉体上固定有同轴的齿圈103,齿圈由炉体驱动电机带动。In embodiment 1 shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of organic waste incineration device comprises incinerator 1, feeding device 2, smoke cleaning device 7 and preheating device 3; Incinerator comprises furnace body 1b , Furnace head 1a and furnace tail 1c, the incinerator is arranged obliquely, and the height of the burner head will be higher than the furnace tail. There is an incineration chamber 1d inside the body of furnace. As shown in FIG. The material body has a hollow tubular structure and is arranged along the radial direction of the transmission shaft. It also includes an air pump that can blow air into the inner cavity of the main shaft. The central through hole of the bulk material body communicates with the inner cavity of the main shaft. The furnace head is provided with a feed inlet and a gas outlet 101, and the furnace tail is provided with a feed outlet and an air inlet 102. The gas outlet and the inlet are located at the top of the incinerator, and the feed inlet and the outlet are located at the bottom of the incinerator. The air inlet is connected with an air compressor to ensure sufficient air intake. It also includes a drive motor for the furnace body. The furnace body is connected to the furnace head and the furnace tail in rotation. Support wheels 104 are respectively provided at the two ends of the furnace body to support and position the furnace body. A coaxial ring gear 103 is fixed on the furnace body. The furnace body is driven by a motor.

进料装置包括从炉头的进料口伸入焚烧腔的送料筒2a,送料筒的末端设有同轴的压缩部2b,压缩部的口径从送料筒开始逐渐减小,压缩部与送料筒之间平滑过渡,预热料筒2c与压缩部的出口端连通,预热料筒,位于在焚烧炉内,且位于焚烧炉远离进气口的一端。送料筒内设有送料绞龙21,送料绞龙呈螺旋形,其螺距从送料筒向压缩部的方向逐渐减小,送料绞龙的边缘设有连续的刃口。压缩部内靠近其出口端设有可旋转的转刀12,绞肉刀的转动轴线与送料绞龙同轴,转刀可采用十字形刀片,用于将垃圾物料切碎。压缩部的侧壁上设有若干出水孔,压缩部外壁设有环形腔201,环形腔内部与出水孔连通,这样送料绞龙对垃圾在压缩部挤压之后,垃圾中的水分能被挤出而流入到环形腔中排出,从而降低垃圾中的水分含量,以便于将垃圾点燃。The feeding device includes a feeding cylinder 2a extending from the feeding port of the furnace head into the incineration chamber. The end of the feeding cylinder is provided with a coaxial compression part 2b. The diameter of the compression part gradually decreases from the feeding cylinder. The compression part and the feeding cylinder There is a smooth transition between them, the preheating barrel 2c communicates with the outlet end of the compression part, the preheating barrel is located in the incinerator, and is located at the end of the incinerator away from the air inlet. A feeding auger 21 is arranged in the feeding barrel, and the feeding auger is helical, and its pitch gradually decreases from the feeding barrel to the direction of the compression part, and the edge of the feeding auger is provided with a continuous cutting edge. The compression part is provided with a rotatable rotary knife 12 close to its outlet end, the rotation axis of the meat grinder is coaxial with the feeding auger, and the rotary knife can adopt a cross-shaped blade for shredding garbage materials. The side wall of the compression part is provided with several water outlet holes, and the outer wall of the compression part is provided with an annular cavity 201, and the inside of the annular cavity is connected with the water outlet holes, so that after the feeding auger squeezes the garbage in the compression part, the moisture in the garbage can be squeezed out And flow into the annular cavity to be discharged, thereby reducing the moisture content in the garbage, so that the garbage can be ignited.

有机垃圾在送料筒中被送料绞龙先被切成大块,然后由于送料绞龙的螺距逐渐缩小,物料也被逐渐切成小块,同时向压缩部推送。物料达到压缩部之后开始互相挤紧并以此状态靠近压缩部的出口端,出口端的转刀高速旋转,将小块的物料继续切割成体积更小的颗粒状,从而进入到焚烧腔内。空气或其它助燃气体则从进气口进入焚烧炉。有机垃圾物料以挤紧的状态进入焚烧炉,因此进料口处空气不能流通,避免物料在送料筒以及压缩部中燃烧,因此首先保证了靠外侧的物料不会先大量焚烧掉,避免了因外部物料先焚烧、碳化,导致被挤在中间的物料后续难以引燃,无法充分燃烧的问题。物料进入散料体区域后,开始被一直搅动前进、打散,此时分散的物料会与空气充分接触,能够较好的进行燃烧。The organic waste is first cut into large pieces by the feeding auger in the feeding cylinder, and then because the pitch of the feeding auger gradually shrinks, the material is also gradually cut into small pieces and pushed to the compression part at the same time. After the materials reach the compression part, they start to squeeze each other tightly and approach the outlet end of the compression part in this state. The rotary knife at the outlet end rotates at high speed to continue cutting small pieces of material into smaller particles, so as to enter the incineration chamber. Air or other combustion-supporting gases enter the incinerator from the air inlet. The organic waste material enters the incinerator in a squeezed state, so the air at the feed port cannot circulate, preventing the material from burning in the feeding cylinder and the compression part, so first of all, it is ensured that the material on the outside will not be incinerated in large quantities first, avoiding the risk of The outer material is incinerated and carbonized first, which leads to the problem that the material squeezed in the middle is difficult to ignite and cannot be fully burned. After the material enters the bulk material area, it begins to be continuously stirred and dispersed. At this time, the dispersed material will fully contact with the air and can be burned better.

物料在焚烧过程中,难免会留下一些未燃尽的部分,而已经形成的灰烬也会盖住这些未燃尽的部分,使其难以继续燃烧。此时,由于散料体一直在搅动,会将新进料的物料和未燃尽的物料包括灰烬等一起向上带动,然后再使其落下,从而反复打散,再利用新进料的引燃和供火,实现再燃烧。散料体的搅动功能是通过主电机带动传动主轴转动而实现的,在应用时,也可以根据实际需要在主电机上增设减速器等辅助装置,从而让传动主轴的转速能够处在更合理的范围,传动主轴可以用轴架、轴承或其它常用的与轴配合的结构来进行支撑、定位,使其在焚烧炉之内能稳定的工作。此外,炉体在炉体驱动电机带动下转动,使得物料在炉体内不断翻滚,避免物料在焚烧腔底部堆积。同时,气泵向主轴内腔内,空气或助燃气可以从散料体的中心通孔进入到焚烧腔内,提高物料的翻滚效果,保证物料的充分燃烧。During the incineration process of materials, it is inevitable that some unburned parts will be left, and the formed ash will also cover these unburned parts, making it difficult to continue burning. At this time, since the bulk material has been stirring, the newly fed material and unburned material including ash will be driven up together, and then let it fall down, so as to repeatedly break up, and then use the newly fed material to ignite And for fire, to achieve reburning. The stirring function of the bulk material is realized by the main motor driving the drive shaft to rotate. In application, auxiliary devices such as reducers can also be added to the main motor according to actual needs, so that the speed of the drive shaft can be at a more reasonable level. In terms of range, the drive shaft can be supported and positioned by shaft brackets, bearings or other commonly used structures that cooperate with the shaft, so that it can work stably in the incinerator. In addition, the furnace body rotates under the drive of the furnace body drive motor, which makes the materials roll continuously in the furnace body to avoid the accumulation of materials at the bottom of the incineration chamber. At the same time, the air is pumped into the inner cavity of the main shaft, and the air or supporting gas can enter the incineration chamber from the central through hole of the bulk material body, which improves the tumbling effect of the material and ensures the full combustion of the material.

预热装置包括预热料斗3a和螺旋形烟道3d,预热料斗呈上大下小的锥形,螺旋形烟道围绕预热料斗的外壁,螺旋形烟道的下方为进气端3c,上方为出气端3b,螺旋形烟道的进气端与焚烧炉的出气口连通,预热料斗的落料端301与送料筒的进料端2d连通。由于垃圾中含水量较高,焚烧炉中产生的热烟气温度较高,可对预热料斗中的物料加热,从而提高物料的温度,降低其水分含量,此外,由于送料筒也伸入于焚烧炉中,因此焚烧炉中热量也同时对送料筒中的物料进行加热。物料在预热之后变得容易被切割和点燃,从而降低了能量消耗。The preheating device includes a preheating hopper 3a and a spiral flue 3d. The preheating hopper is in the shape of a cone with a large top and a small bottom. The spiral flue surrounds the outer wall of the preheating hopper. The bottom of the spiral flue is the air inlet 3c. Above is the gas outlet 3b, the gas inlet of the spiral flue communicates with the gas outlet of the incinerator, and the blanking end 301 of the preheating hopper communicates with the feeding end 2d of the feeding cylinder. Due to the high water content in the garbage, the temperature of the hot flue gas generated in the incinerator is high, which can heat the material in the preheating hopper, thereby increasing the temperature of the material and reducing its moisture content. In addition, since the feeding cylinder also extends into the In the incinerator, so the heat in the incinerator also heats the material in the feeding barrel at the same time. After preheating, the material becomes easy to cut and ignite, thus reducing energy consumption.

净烟装置包括排烟外道7a、落水池703,排烟外道与出气口连通,排烟外道内上方设有多个淋水头701,淋水方向为从上至下,排烟外道与落水池连通。此外还包括一排烟管路8,排烟管路内壁与落水池水面之间形成排烟终道7b,排烟终道内设有多个喷雾器702,喷雾器的水源为落水池,排烟终道入口与排烟外道出口连通,排烟终道的出口与湿热气管8a连通。螺旋形烟道的出气端与净烟装置之间设有沉降室5,沉降室与螺旋形烟道的出气端之间通过出烟管4连接,沉降室与净烟装置之间通过过烟管6连接,净烟装置的口径为出烟管口径的3至10倍。出烟管与沉降室的连接部位于沉降室一端管口的上部,过烟管与沉降室的连接部位于沉降室另一端管口的上部,沉降室下部设有卸料门5a。The smoke cleaning device includes an outer smoke exhaust channel 7a and a sink 703. The outer smoke exhaust channel is connected to the air outlet. There are multiple shower heads 701 inside and above the outer smoke exhaust channel. The direction of water spraying is from top to bottom, and the outer smoke exhaust channel is connected to the sink. . In addition, it also includes a smoke exhaust pipeline 8, and the smoke exhaust final channel 7b is formed between the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline and the water surface of the sink, and a plurality of sprayers 702 are arranged in the smoke exhaust final channel. The entrance of the channel is connected with the outlet of the outer smoke exhaust channel, and the outlet of the final smoke exhaust channel is connected with the hot and humid gas pipe 8a. A settling chamber 5 is provided between the gas outlet end of the spiral flue and the smoke cleaning device, and the settling chamber and the gas outlet end of the spiral flue are connected by a smoke outlet pipe 4, and the settling chamber and the smoke cleaning device are connected by a smoke pipe 6 connections, the caliber of the smoke cleaning device is 3 to 10 times the caliber of the smoke outlet pipe. The connecting part of the smoke outlet pipe and the settling chamber is located at the upper part of the mouth of one end of the settling chamber, the connecting part of the smoke passing pipe and the settling chamber is located at the upper part of the mouth of the other end of the settling chamber, and the lower part of the settling chamber is provided with a discharge door 5a.

燃烧过后产生的热烟气其内含有大量固体颗粒物,热烟气经过螺旋形烟道的出气端之后进入到沉降室中,口径相对骤升,气流直接变缓,灰烬开始沉降至沉降室底部,气流则带着相对更轻的固体颗粒物离开沉降室,进入净烟装置。此时,热烟气进入排气外道。排气外道中的淋水头可以淋水,在排气外道中形成类似降雨部的一段烟气通道,热烟气温度适当降低,其中的固体大颗粒物被“雨水”大量带走,并随着落下的水一起进入落水池,从而实现烟气的净化。之后烟气会经过排烟终道,喷雾器会喷出水雾,在排烟终道内形成大面积的净化水雾,烟气中的固定小颗粒被水雾吸附,从而一起落入落水池,从而实现烟气的净化。The hot flue gas produced after combustion contains a large amount of solid particles. The hot flue gas enters the settling chamber after passing through the outlet end of the spiral flue. The air flow leaves the settling chamber with relatively lighter solid particles and enters the smoke purification device. At this time, the hot flue gas enters the outer exhaust channel. The shower head in the outer exhaust channel can be sprayed with water, forming a section of flue gas channel similar to the rainfall part in the outer exhaust channel, the temperature of the hot flue gas is appropriately lowered, and the solid and large particles in it are taken away by the "rainwater" in large quantities, and fall with it. The water enters the sink together, so as to realize the purification of flue gas. After that, the flue gas will pass through the final smoke exhaust channel, and the sprayer will spray water mist, forming a large area of purified water mist in the final smoke exhaust channel. Realize the purification of flue gas.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例的基本结构及实施方式同实施例1,其不同之处在于,如图4所示,还包括一打垢电机,传动主轴上设有主轴内腔,一根与传动主轴同轴的传动内轴17伸入主轴内腔之中。传动内轴一端可通过打垢电机输出轴带动旋转,另一端与内轴轴承配合连接,传动主轴上设有多个打垢装置。打垢装置包括打垢球18、限位球19、收球弹簧16、滑杆15、设于传动主轴壁上的滑孔,滑杆与滑孔滑动配合,打垢球与限位球分别与滑杆两端连接,收球弹簧套设在滑杆上且处在限位球与传动主轴内侧壁之间,打垢球与传动主轴外侧壁接触,传动内轴上设有多个用于推动限位球的推板13,每个限位球对应一个推板。打垢装置还包括延长保护基14,延长保护基与转子主轴内侧壁连接,滑杆穿过延长保护基,收球弹簧两端分别压紧限位球、延长保护基,对于隶属于同一个打垢装置的打垢球与滑杆,打垢球球心与转子主轴轴线的垂直连线,与其中的滑杆之间成20至45度角。The basic structure and implementation of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as shown in Figure 4, it also includes a cleaning motor, the transmission shaft is provided with a main shaft cavity, and a coaxial motor with the transmission shaft Transmission inner shaft 17 stretches among the main shaft inner cavity. One end of the transmission inner shaft can be driven to rotate by the output shaft of the cleaning motor, and the other end is connected with the bearing of the inner shaft, and multiple cleaning devices are arranged on the transmission main shaft. The dirt removal device comprises a dirt ball 18, a limit ball 19, a ball receiving spring 16, a slide bar 15, a slide hole arranged on the drive shaft wall, the slide bar and the slide hole are slidingly matched, and the dirt ball and the limit ball are respectively connected with the The two ends of the sliding rod are connected, the ball receiving spring is set on the sliding rod and is between the limit ball and the inner wall of the transmission spindle, the dirt ball is in contact with the outer wall of the transmission spindle, and the transmission inner shaft is equipped with multiple The push plate 13 of the limit ball, each limit ball corresponds to a push plate. The cleaning device also includes an extension protection base 14, which is connected to the inner wall of the rotor main shaft, the slide bar passes through the extension protection base, and the two ends of the ball receiving spring respectively compress the limit ball and the extension protection base. The dirt ball and the slide bar of the dirt device, the vertical connection line between the ball center of the dirt ball and the axis of the rotor main shaft form an angle of 20 to 45 degrees with the slide bar therein.

焚烧结束后,焚烧腔内、炉壁会留下大量的灰、泥的结垢,焚烧炉由于体积大,较难拆装清理,时间一长,容易造成炉壁上附着太多的硬块,对之后的使用造成不利影响。此时,可以启动打垢电机,带动传动内轴快速旋转,传动内轴带动推板一起高速转动,推板推动、打击限位部向外移动,收球弹簧被压缩,打垢球离开传动主轴,开始敲击干化主筒内壁,同时,还可以让转速相对较慢的传动主轴工作旋转,带动滑杆不断变换位置、朝向,使得每个打垢球都能敲击到干化主筒内壁的多处,通过直接敲击、间接震动实现焚烧炉内结垢的清理,此外,还可以同时打开气泵,使得压缩空气通过散料体吹向内壁,与敲击振动想辅助,提高清理效果。After the incineration, a large amount of ash and mud scaling will be left in the incineration chamber and the furnace wall. Due to the large size of the incinerator, it is difficult to disassemble and clean. After a long time, it is easy to cause too many hard blocks on the furnace wall, which is harmful to the environment. Subsequent use may cause adverse effects. At this time, the scaling motor can be started to drive the transmission inner shaft to rotate rapidly, and the transmission inner shaft drives the push plate to rotate at a high speed together, the push plate pushes, and the impact limit part moves outward, the ball receiving spring is compressed, and the scaling ball leaves the transmission shaft , start to knock on the inner wall of the drying main cylinder, and at the same time, let the relatively slow-speed transmission spindle work and rotate, driving the slide bar to continuously change its position and orientation, so that each dirt ball can hit the inner wall of the drying main cylinder In many places, the fouling in the incinerator is cleaned by direct knocking and indirect vibration. In addition, the air pump can be turned on at the same time to make the compressed air blow to the inner wall through the bulk material, which can be assisted by knocking vibration to improve the cleaning effect.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of organic waste incinerator, is characterized in that, carries out the charging dress of feeding including incinerator (1), to incinerator (1) Net cigarette device (7) and preheating device (3) that the heat smoke that put (2), with incinerator (1) is discharged is purified;Described burning Stove (1) includes body of heater (1b), burner (1a) and stove tail (1c), and incinerator (1) is in tilted layout and burner (1a) is higher than stove tail (1c), Described body of heater (1b) has burning chamber (1d), burns in chamber (1d) and is provided with the transmission main shaft (10) being driven by mair motor (9), described Transmission main shaft (10) be provided with multiple bulk cargo bodies (11) for stirring material, described burner (1a) is provided with charging aperture and going out Gas port (101), described stove tail (1c) is provided with discharging opening and air inlet (102);Described feed arrangement (2) includes stretching from charging aperture Enter to burn the feed cylinder (2a) of chamber (1d), in described feed cylinder (2a), be provided with feeding auger (21), the end of feed cylinder (2a) It is provided with coaxial compression unit (2b), the bore of described compression unit (2b) starts to be gradually reduced from feed cylinder (2a), compression unit (2b) it is provided with rotatable rotor (12) near its port of export in;Described preheating device (3) includes preheating hopper (3a) and encloses Around the spiral flue (3d) of preheating hopper (3a), the inlet end (3c) of described spiral flue (3d) is gone out with incinerator (1) Gas port (101) connects, and the blanking end (301) of preheating hopper (3a) is connected with the feed end (2d) of feed cylinder (2a);Described is net Cigarette device (7) includes smoke evacuation outer course (7a), falling pond (703), and described smoke evacuation outer course (7a) is connected with gas outlet (101), institute In the smoke evacuation outer course (7a) stated, top is provided with multiple water drenching heads (701), and water drenching direction is from top to bottom, described smoke evacuation outer course (7a) connect with falling pond (703);The side wall of described compression unit is provided with some apopores, compression unit (2b) outer wall be provided with The annular chamber (201) of apopore connection.
2. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described net cigarette device (7) is also wrapped Include a smoke-exhaust pipeline (8), between described smoke-exhaust pipeline (8) inwall and falling pond (703) water surface, form the whole road (7b) of smoke evacuation, institute It is provided with multiple sprayers (702), the water source of described sprayer (702) is falling pond (703), institute in smoke evacuation end road (7b) stated Smoke evacuation end road (7b) entrance and smoke evacuation outer course (7a) outlet stated.
3. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described air inlet (102) connects One compressing device, is provided with expansion chamber (5) between the outlet side (3b) of described spiral flue (3d) and net cigarette device (7), described Expansion chamber (5) and the outlet side (3b) of spiral flue (3d) between be connected by pipe (4), expansion chamber (5) and net cigarette Passed through smoke pipe (6) between device (7) to connect, the bore of described net cigarette device (7) is 3 to 10 times of pipe (4) bore.
4. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described pipe (4) and sedimentation , in the top of expansion chamber (5) one end mouth of pipe, the connecting portion crossing smoke pipe (6) with expansion chamber (5) is in sedimentation for the connecting portion of room (5) The top of room (5) other end mouth of pipe, described expansion chamber (5) bottom is provided with Dump gate (5a).
5. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that, also includes a dozen dirts Motor, described transmission main shaft (10) is provided with main shaft inner chamber, and a transmission interior axle (17) coaxial with transmission main shaft (10) is stretched Enter among main shaft inner chamber, described transmission interior axle (17) one end can be rotated by beating dirty motor output shaft, the other end with interior Axle bearing is connected, described transmission main shaft (10) be provided with multiple beat dirty device, described dirty device of beating includes playing dirt ball (18), spacing ball (19), receive ball spring (16), slide bar (15), the slide opening on transmission main shaft (10) wall, described slide bar (15) it is slidably matched with slide opening, described dirty ball (18) of beating is connected with slide bar (15) two ends respectively with spacing ball (19), described Receive ball spring (16) to be set in slide bar (15) above and be between spacing ball (19) and transmission main shaft (10) madial wall, described beats Dirty ball (18) is contacted with transmission main shaft (10) lateral wall, described transmission interior axle (17) be provided with multiple for promoting spacing ball (19) push pedal (13), each spacing ball (19) corresponds to a push pedal (13).
6. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described dirty device of beating also includes prolonging Long protection group (14), described prolongation protection group (14) is connected with rotor main shaft madial wall, and described slide bar (15) passes through and extends Protection group (14), described receipts ball spring (16) two ends compress spacing ball (19) respectively, extend protection group (14), for being under the jurisdiction of Same beat dirty device make dirty ball (18) and slide bar (15), it is therein that to beat dirt ball (18) centre of sphere vertical with rotor main shaft axis Line, becomes 20 to 45 degree angles between slide bar therein (15).
7. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that, also include body of heater (1b) motor, described body of heater (1b) is rotated with burner (1a), stove tail (1c) and is connected, and described body of heater (1b) two ends set respectively There is support wheel (104) body of heater (1b) to be supported position, described body of heater (1b) is fixed with coaxial gear ring (103), institute The gear ring (103) stated is driven by body of heater motor.
8. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described feeding auger (21) pitch is gradually reduced from feed cylinder (2a) to the direction of compression unit (2b), and the edge of feeding auger (21) is provided with continuously Cutting edge.
9. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that, also including can be to master The air pump of air blast in axle inner chamber, described bulk cargo body (11) is in hollow tubular, and the central through hole of bulk cargo body (11) is with main shaft inner chamber even Logical.
10. a kind of organic waste incinerator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described incinerator (1) it is provided with preheating barrel (2c) in, described preheating barrel (2c) connected with the port of export of compression unit (2b), described pre- hot material Cylinder (2c) is in the one end in incinerator (1) away from air inlet (102).
CN201510010606.8A 2015-01-09 2015-01-09 An organic waste incinerator Expired - Fee Related CN104676597B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111578285B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-04-19 宁夏中科国通新能源有限公司 A waste incineration treatment device
CN116734259B (en) * 2023-08-09 2023-10-24 山东德隆博德尔环保装备发展有限公司 Household garbage incineration treatment device

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JP2013189609A (en) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-26 Osutorando:Kk Pyrolytic gasifying method and pyrolytic gasifying apparatus of organic waste
CN103398383A (en) * 2013-08-23 2013-11-20 黎汉东 Solid waste combustion system
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CN2365528Y (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-02-23 陈芳标 Incineration device capable of elastic series assembly of secondary incinerator units
CN2369083Y (en) * 1999-04-08 2000-03-15 辽宁省盘锦橡塑机械厂 Garbage cremator
CN2725720Y (en) * 2004-09-09 2005-09-14 徐国文 Experiment animal incinerator
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