CN104668875B - The cylindrical shell flaw detection that a kind of axial float is controlled and turning rolls - Google Patents

Abstract

The cylindrical shell flaw detection that axial float is controlled and a turning rolls, it mainly comprises guiderail base and four removable roll wheel assemblies.Roller shaft in roll wheel assembly and roller connect firmly, and respectively bearing assembly are housed between the two ends of roller shaft and eccentric bushing, and the interior circular hole of eccentric bushing does not overlap with cylindrical center, has an eccentric amount e; Be separately installed with needle bearing between eccentric bushing and bearing block circular hole, eccentric bushing be fixedly connected with worm gear, and with the worm engaging be arranged in bearing block; This worm screw can manually or Mechanical Driven.When after the given input of worm screw, worm gear and eccentric bushing is driven to rotate, change the relative position that roller shaft two ends support, and then change the pose of roller axis, thus control the axial float of the cylindrical shell be placed on turning rolls, realize controlling axial float regulative mode various, regulate sensitive, control that axial float mechanical adjusting mechanism is simple, volume is little, bearing capacity is large.

Description

A cylinder flaw detection and welding roller frame with controllable axial movement

technical field

The invention relates to an ultrasonic flaw detection and welding auxiliary equipment.

technical background

With the rapid development of my country's petroleum, chemical, nuclear power, thermal power and other fields, the demand for large-scale and large-wall pressure vessels is also increasing. The quality of the pressure vessel cylinder and the welding quality between cylinders and welding Efficiency requirements are also getting higher and higher. The welding roller frame is an auxiliary device used in the welding production of large cylinders. Driven by the active rollers of the welding roller frame, the cylinder rotates continuously at low speed and smoothly on the roller frame, which can realize automatic welding and greatly improve In addition, before the cylinder leaves the factory, it is generally necessary to conduct ultrasonic non-destructive testing on the cylinder to control the quality. The cylinder flaw detection roller frame is an auxiliary device used in ultrasonic automatic flaw detection. Driven by the active rollers of the roller frame, the cylinder rotates continuously at high speed and smoothly on the roller frame, which can realize the automatic flaw detection of the cylinder and improve the efficiency of the flaw detection of the cylinder.

The research and analysis of a large amount of data shows that the main reason for the axial movement of the cylinder is that the axis of the cylinder and the axes of the rollers of the roller frame are not parallel or short-term and instantaneous. The included angle makes the cylinder no longer do a simple circular motion, but a spiral motion, causing the cylinder to move axially. If measures can be taken in time to change the angle between the axis of the roller and the axis of the cylinder, so that the cylinder alternates and balances between left-handed and right-handed motions, or no longer performs spiral motion, then the axial movement of the cylinder will The momentum will be stabilized within the allowable error, or there will be no axial movement; it is also possible to make the cylinder move in a certain direction by adjusting the angle between the axis of the roller and the axis of the cylinder, and at this Equipped with limiting top rollers in the direction to precisely position the cylinder.

At present, there are many roller frame manufacturers at home and abroad, such as the welding roller frame produced by PEMA Company in Finland. The mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling the axial movement of the workpiece adopts a one-way deflection adjustment mechanism. Swing inside to change the attitude of the roller axis, as shown in Figure 7, which is essentially a one-way deflection adjustment method; the welding roller frame produced by Italy's ANSALDO company adopts the lever principle in the mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling the axial movement of the workpiece. Place the roller on an eccentric shaft, and use a hydraulic cylinder to drive the eccentric shaft to swing in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece, as shown in Figure 8, which essentially belongs to the lifting adjustment method; Chinese patent (notification number: CN101780622A) published A ball screw jacking type automatic anti-channeling roller frame is developed. The mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling the axial movement of the workpiece adopts the principle of a lever. The roller is placed on the lever. The end of the lever is equipped with a ball screw, which is driven by a motor. Make the rollers swing in a plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis, as shown in Figure 9, which essentially belongs to the lifting adjustment method.

At present, the mechanical adjustment method of the roller frame to control the axial movement is to change the axis position of the cylinder or the axis position of the roller itself, thereby changing the angle between the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the roller, and the adjustment cannot be coordinated at the same time The relative positional relationship between the four rollers and the cylinder causes the contact between the cylinder and the rollers to appear unbalanced load, and there is sliding friction between the cylinder and the rollers, which affects the surface quality of the cylinder, and the existing control axial displacement The dynamic mechanical adjustment mechanism has a large volume, a single adjustment method, and poor sensitivity. Generally, the mechanical adjustment mechanism can only be applied to the driven roller. The adjustment power of the heavy-duty roller frame is relatively large, which seriously limits its application in engineering practice.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cylinder flaw detection and welding roller frame with controllable axial movement. The invention controls axial movement in various ways, spatializes and adjusts sensitively; the mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling axial movement is simple. , small size, large bearing capacity, suitable for both driving and driven rollers; while controlling the axial movement of the cylinder, it can ensure good contact between the cylinder and the rollers.

Technical scheme of the present invention is specifically as follows:

The present invention mainly includes an equipment guide rail base and four movable roller assemblies. The equipment guide rail base includes two longitudinal guide rails and two transverse guide rails. Among them, two longitudinal guide rails are fixed on the foundation, located in the same horizontal plane, arranged parallel to each other, and jointly bear the load; two transverse guide rails are installed on the two longitudinal guide rails, one is a fixed horizontal guide rail, and the other is movable along the longitudinal guide rail. The horizontal guide rails are adapted to the length of different barrels. Two roller assemblies symmetrical to the centerline of the length of the transverse guide rail are arranged on each transverse guide rail. The roller assemblies can move along the transverse guide rail, and the distance between the two roller assemblies can be adjusted to adapt to cylinders with different diameters. Each roller assembly is equipped with a mechanical adjustment mechanism to control the axial movement, which can adjust the position and posture of each roller axis and control the axial movement of the cylinder. The roller assembly mainly includes: bearing housing, roller shaft, roller, needle roller bearing, self-aligning bearing, thrust self-aligning bearing, end cover, thrust bearing, eccentric sleeve, worm wheel, worm and encoder. Among them: the bearing seat is movably connected to the transverse guide rail through bolts, and the bearing seat is equipped with a roller with a horizontal axis. The eccentric sleeve that covers it, the center of the inner hole of the eccentric sleeve does not coincide with the center of the outer circle, and there is an eccentricity e. There is a bearing assembly between the eccentric sleeve and the roller shaft, which is either: There are self-aligning bearings between the adjacent roller shaft and the inner side of the eccentric sleeve (that is, the side of the large diameter), and the outer ring is fitted in the inner hole of the eccentric sleeve, and the two ends of the roller shaft and the eccentric sleeve are installed Thrust self-aligning bearings are used to bear the axial force. The center of the outer ring surface of the thrust self-aligning bearing coincides with the center of the self-aligning bearing, that is, the thrust self-aligning bearing and the self-aligning bearing have the same rotation adjustment center; it is either: with Self-aligning bearings are installed between the adjacent roller shafts on both sides of the roller and the inner side of the eccentric sleeve, and tapered roller bearings are respectively installed between the roller shaft and the self-aligning bearings. The self-aligning bearings are sliding self-aligning bearings with large In the range of self-alignment, there is no thrust self-aligning bearing between the two ends of the roller shaft and the eccentric sleeve. Needle roller bearings are respectively installed between the inner peripheral surface of the above-mentioned eccentric sleeve and the round hole of the bearing seat, and a worm wheel is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the outer side of the eccentric sleeve. The worms in the seats mesh with each other. A thrust bearing is installed between the eccentric sleeve and the end cover, and the axis of the thrust bearing coincides with the axis of the outer circle of the eccentric sleeve. The end cover is connected to the bearing seat by bolts, and there is a small gap between the end cover and the thrust bearing during assembly to compensate for the small axial movement of the roller shaft during the adjustment process of the mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling axial movement. An encoder is installed at the input end of the worm to measure the rotation of the worm and indirectly measure the adjustment of the eccentric sleeve. The worm in the above-mentioned bearing seat can be manually driven or driven by a motor. When the mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling axial movement is applied to the active roller assembly, an Oldham coupling is added between the roller shaft and the output shaft of the reducer. The relative displacement and relative deflection between them, and the mechanical adjustment mechanism to control the axial movement is integrated in the bearing seat, which has no effect on the transmission of the roller assembly.

The working process of the above structure: driven by external force, the worm drives the worm wheel and the eccentric sleeve to rotate, and the position and posture of the axis of the roller shaft installed in the eccentric sleeve (that is, the axis of the roller) relative to the bearing seat will change. When the eccentric sleeves on both sides of the roller shaft rotate synchronously, the axis of the roller makes a circular motion with the outer axis of the eccentric sleeve as the center and the eccentricity e as the radius. The roller can move forward, backward, up and down, and the displacement of the roller axis The space is a cylindrical surface, which can shift the axis of the cylinder placed on the roller frame, change the angle between the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the roller, and control the axial movement of the cylinder; when the eccentric sleeves on both sides of the roller shaft When rotating asynchronously, the axis of the roller itself will deflect in space, that is, for a cylinder whose bottom radius is the eccentricity e and whose height is the distance between the centers of two self-aligning bearings, the axis of the roller can be connected to any point on the circumference of the lower bottom of the cylinder and the upper bottom. The straight lines at any point on the circumference coincide, and the angle between the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the roller changes through the spatial deflection of the axis of the roller itself, controlling the axial movement of the cylinder.

Generally, the included angles between the axis of the rollers of the four roller assemblies and the axis of the cylinder are not equal. The spiral motion of the cylinder is the result of the joint action of the four rollers. The spiral motion of the cylinder does not match the movement of a single roller. , so that there is an axial force between the cylinder and the roller. When the axial force acts on the roller, the load is applied to the thrust self-aligning bearing (or tapered roller bearing) through the roller shaft, and then transmitted to the eccentric sleeve, and finally the load is loaded to the bearing seat through the thrust bearing on the eccentric sleeve on, so as to pass to the base.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. There are multiple adjustment methods for controlling axial movement, that is, the axis of the roller can realize spatial movement and spatial deflection, and can change the position and posture of the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the roller itself at the same time. The adjustment is sensitive and the effect of controlling axial movement is good;

2. The mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling the axial movement is simple and compact, small in size, and can be integrated in the bearing housing without affecting the transmission of the rollers and the adjustment of the movement of the roller assembly. It is suitable for driving rollers and driven rollers, and has a wide range of applications;

3. Adopt worm gear transmission, which can form self-locking on the mechanical structure. After the adjustment is completed, the mechanical adjustment mechanism will be automatically locked to ensure the accuracy of the adjustment;

4. The adjustment power of the mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling the axial movement is small, and it can be adjusted manually or electrically, and can realize no-load or full-load adjustment;

5. The mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling axial movement has a large bearing capacity and is suitable for heavy-duty roller frames.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the roller assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is the A-A view of Figure 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the roller assembly of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is the B-B view of Figure 4.

Fig. 6 is a front sectional schematic view of the roller assembly of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling the axial movement of the roller frame of PEMA Company.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling the axial movement of the roller frame of ANSALDO Company.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical adjustment mechanism of the ball screw jacking type automatic anti-channeling roller frame.

In the figure: 1. Longitudinal guide rail, 2. Transverse guide rail, 3. Bearing seat, 4. Roller shaft, 5. Roller, 6, 6′. Needle roller bearing, 7, 7′, 15, 15′. Self-aligning bearing, 8, 8'. Thrust self-aligning bearing, 9, 9'. End cover, 10, 10'. Thrust bearing, 11, 11'. Eccentric sleeve, 12, 12'. Worm wheel, 13, 13'. Worm, 14, 14'. Encoder, 16, 16'. Tapered roller bearing, 17. Motor, 18. Reducer, 19. Oldham coupling, 20. Hydraulic cylinder, 21. Ball screw.

detailed description

Example 1

In the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cylinder flaw detection and welding roller frame with controllable axial movement shown in Fig. 1, the present invention mainly includes the equipment guide rail base and four movable roller assemblies. The equipment guide rail base includes two longitudinal guide rails 1, two transverse guide rails 2, the two longitudinal guide rails 1 are fixed on the foundation, located in the same horizontal plane, arranged parallel to each other; the two transverse guide rails 2 are installed on the two longitudinal guide rails 1 , one is a fixed transverse guide rail, and the other is a transverse guide rail that can move along the longitudinal guide rail 1. Two roller assemblies symmetrical to the center line of the length of the transverse guide rail are arranged on each transverse guide rail 2 , and each roller assembly is provided with a mechanical adjustment mechanism for controlling axial movement.

In the cross-sectional schematic view of the roller assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, it is a roller assembly of a cylinder flaw detection and welding roller frame with controllable axial movement in a manual adjustment mode. The components mainly include: bearing seat 3, roller shaft 4, roller 5, needle roller bearing 6, 6', self-aligning bearing 7, 7', thrust self-aligning bearing 8, 8', end cover 9, 9', thrust bearing 10 , 10', eccentric sleeve 11,11', worm gear 12,12', worm 13,13' and encoder 14,14'. Among them: the bearing seat 3 is movably connected to the transverse guide rail 2 by bolts, the bearing seat 3 is provided with a roller 5 with a horizontal axis, the roller shaft 4 in the through hole in the center of the roller is fixedly connected with the roller 5, and the two sides of the roller 5 The eccentric sleeves 11, 11' covering them are respectively installed on the roller shaft 4, and a bearing assembly is arranged between the eccentric sleeves 11, 11' and the roller shaft 4, that is, the roller shaft 4 adjacent to both sides of the roller 5 Self-aligning bearings 7, 7' are arranged between the inner side of the eccentric sleeves 11, 11' (that is, the side with a large diameter), and the outer rings of the self-aligning bearings 7, 7' are mounted on the inner circles of the eccentric sleeves 11, 11'. In the hole, the center of the inner hole of the eccentric sleeve 11, 11' does not coincide with the center of the outer circle, and there is an eccentricity e. At the same time, thrust self-aligning bearings 8 are respectively installed between the two ends of the roller shaft 4 and the eccentric sleeve 11, 11'. ,8'. The centers of the outer ring surfaces of the thrust self-aligning bearings 8, 8' coincide with the centers of the self-aligning bearings 7, 7', that is, the thrust self-aligning bearings 8, 8' and the rolling self-aligning bearings 7, 7' have the same rotation adjustment center. Needle roller bearings 6, 6' are respectively installed between the inner peripheral surface of the above-mentioned eccentric sleeve 11, 11' and the round hole of the bearing seat 3, and the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeve 11, 11' is fixedly connected with the worm gear 12, 12', the worm gear The axes of 12, 12' coincide with the outer circular axes of eccentric sleeves 11, 11', and the above-mentioned worm gears 12, 12' are engaged with the worms 13, 13' arranged in the bearing housing 3 for transmission. Thrust bearings 10, 10' are installed between the eccentric sleeves 11, 11' and the end covers 9, 9', the axis of the thrust bearings 10, 10' coincides with the outer axis of the eccentric sleeves 11, 11'. The end covers 9, 9' are movably connected to the bearing housing 3 by bolts, and there is a small gap between the end covers 9, 9' and the thrust bearings 10, 10' during assembly to compensate and control the adjustment process of the axial movement mechanical adjustment mechanism For the slight axial movement that the middle roller shaft produces, an encoder 14, 14' is installed at the input end of the worm screw 13, 13'.

Example 2

In the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the roller assembly of the second embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it is a roller assembly of a cylinder flaw detection and welding roller frame with controllable axial movement by means of motor adjustment. The structure is basically the same as that of the manual roller assembly. The difference is that there are self-aligning bearings 15, 15' between the roller shaft 4 adjacent to both sides of the roller 5 and the inner side of the eccentric sleeve 11, 11', and the roller shaft 4 and Tapered roller bearings 16, 16' are respectively installed between self-aligning bearings 15, 15', and self-aligning bearings 15, 15' are sliding self-aligning bearings, which are different from rolling self-aligning bearings 7, 7' in embodiment 1, It has a large self-aligning range, and there is no thrust self-aligning bearing between the roller shaft 4 outside the self-aligning bearing and the eccentric sleeves 11, 11'. The worms 13, 13' are connected with the main shafts of the motors 17, 17', and the encoders 14, 14' are arranged on the main shafts of the motors 17, 17'.

Example 3

In the schematic cross-sectional view of the roller assembly of the third embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 6, it is the active roller assembly of the cylindrical flaw detection and welding roller frame with controllable axial movement using the motor adjustment method, and its structure is basically Same as Example 2, except that an Oldham coupling 19 is added between the roller shaft 4 and the output shaft of the reducer 18, and when the motor 17, 17' drives the worm 13, 13' to rotate, the axis of the roller shaft 4 is rotated. After the spatial displacement and spatial deflection are compensated by the displacement and angle of the Oldham coupling 19, the torque of the output shaft of the reducer 18 can be normally transmitted to the roller shaft 4 to drive the roller to rotate normally.

The above-mentioned embodiments are all the same in essence. They all change the position and posture of the roller axis through the rotation of the eccentric sleeves on both sides of the roller shaft. The difference lies in the structure of offsetting the axial force. Embodiment 1 transmits the axial force to the The eccentric sleeve, Example 2 transmits the axial force to the sliding self-aligning bearing through the tapered roller bearing, and then to the eccentric sleeve. In addition, embodiment 1 adopts a rolling self-aligning bearing, and embodiment 2 adopts a sliding self-aligning bearing, and the two types of self-aligning bearings in the two embodiments are interchangeable. Two mechanical adjustment mechanisms for controlling axial movement can be driven manually or by motors.

Claims (6)

1. the cylindrical shell flaw detection that an axial float is controlled and turning rolls, it is characterized in that: two parallel longitudinal rails are fixed on ground, be located in the same horizontal plane, two cross slide waies are arranged on two longitudinal rails, one is fixing cross slide way, another is for can the cross slide way of longitudinally guide rail movement, each cross slide way is provided with two roll wheel assemblies of cross slide way lengthwise centers line symmetry, the bearing block of roll wheel assembly is bolted on cross slide way, the roller that axis is level is provided with in this bearing block, the roller shaft and the roller that are located at roller central through hole connect firmly, the eccentric bushing covered the roller shaft of roller both sides is equipped with respectively, the interior center of circular hole of this eccentric bushing does not overlap with cylindrical center, there is an eccentric amount e, bearing assembly is provided with between eccentric bushing and roller shaft, needle bearing is separately installed with between outer peripheral face and bearing block circular hole inside eccentric bushing, outer peripheral face outside eccentric bushing is fixedly connected with worm gear, worm gear and the worm screw be arranged in bearing block engage each other, the axis of worm gear and the cylindrical dead in line of eccentric bushing, between eccentric bushing and end cap, thrust bearing is housed, the axis of this thrust bearing and the cylindrical dead in line of eccentric bushing, end cap is bolted on bearing block.

2. the cylindrical shell flaw detection that axial float according to claim 1 is controlled and turning rolls, it is characterized in that: between the roller shaft adjacent with roller both sides and eccentric bushing, be respectively equipped with self-aligning bearing, the cooperation of its outer shroud is arranged in the interior circular hole of eccentric bushing, between roller shaft two ends and eccentric bushing, thrust force aligning bearing is housed simultaneously, the outer shroud sphere centre of thrust force aligning bearing and the center superposition of self-aligning bearing, namely thrust force aligning bearing and self-aligning bearing have identical rotation and adjust center.

3. the cylindrical shell flaw detection that axial float according to claim 1 is controlled and turning rolls, it is characterized in that: respectively self-aligning bearing is housed between inside the roller shaft adjacent with roller both sides and eccentric bushing, between roller shaft and self-aligning bearing, respectively taper roll bearing is housed.

4. the cylindrical shell flaw detection that axial float according to claim 3 is controlled and turning rolls, is characterized in that: self-aligning bearing is slip self-aligning bearing.

5. the cylindrical shell flaw detection that axial float according to claim 1 is controlled and turning rolls, is characterized in that: at the input of worm screw, encoder is housed.

6. the cylindrical shell flaw detection that axial float according to claim 1 is controlled and turning rolls, it is characterized in that: two roll wheel assemblies one of them be active roller assembly, in active roller assembly, set up sliding cross coupling between roller shaft and the output shaft of decelerator.