CN104666290A - 对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的组合物 - Google Patents
对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104666290A CN104666290A CN201410745897.0A CN201410745897A CN104666290A CN 104666290 A CN104666290 A CN 104666290A CN 201410745897 A CN201410745897 A CN 201410745897A CN 104666290 A CN104666290 A CN 104666290A
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Abstract
本发明是对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的新型组合物。具体来说,本发明的组合物含有花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
Description
本申请是申请日为2006年6月29日,申请号为200610099685.5的同名申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的组合物。
背景技术
所谓高级脑功能是指注意、记忆、知觉、语言、计算等脑功能,因脑梗塞、短暂性脑缺血发作等缺血性脑中风、脑出血、蛛网膜下出血等出血性脑中风、脑震荡、脑挫伤等外伤性疾病引发器质性脑损伤时,会出现高级脑功能障碍。高级脑功能障碍可列举半侧身体失认、地志判断障碍、失认症、失语症、记忆障碍、失用症、注意障碍、执行功能障碍、行动或情绪的障碍等。
针对上述这样的高级脑功能障碍,各种治疗药物正不断被研究和开发,但其大部分为针对器质性脑损伤原因的对症疗法,且令人遗憾的是目前还没有发现有效地改善或增强高级脑功能低下的化合物。总之,判定高级脑功能障碍、评价改善效果的方法有简易智力状态检查(MMSE)、改良长谷川简易智能量表(HDS-R)、韦氏智测(WAIS-R)等。但是,MMSE、HDS-R评价高级脑功能的改善或提高时,在精度和重现性上欠佳,而WAIS-R则耗费过多的时间和劳力。因此,要客观上进行以改善或增强高级脑功能为目的的药物制剂的开发和研究,需要有对高级脑功能进行客观评价的有效手段。
最近,作为更高精度且具有重现性的高级脑功能评价方法,RBANS神经心理测验受到了关注。RBANS神经心理测验是美国Randolph开发的Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of NeuropsychologicalStatus的简称,是用30分钟的短时间且可以重复评价的神经心理测验题。该RBANS神经心理测验可用于以老年性痴呆症、精神分裂症为代表的精神神经疾病等的早期诊断、过程观察以及治疗效果的判定,且在脑血管障碍、头部外伤后的后遗症即高级脑功能障碍的判定上也很有用[山嶋哲盛等脑神经Vol.54463-471(2002)]。因此,通过RBANS神经心理测验,可以在短时间内判定人的高级脑功能,且重现性良好。
脑是类似脂质块状的组织,例如,白质的1/3、灰质的1/4被磷脂所占据。构成脑各种细胞膜的磷脂中的多不饱和脂肪酸主要是花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸。但这些花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸在动物体内不能从头合成,需要直接或间接地(作为花生四烯酸前体的亚油酸、作为二十二碳六烯酸前体的α-亚麻酸)从食物中摄取。于是,花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸在学习记忆能力的提高、老年性痴呆症的预防恢复上的作用受到了关注。
对于二十二碳六烯酸,因存在鱼油这一丰富的供给源,人们进行了与脑功能改善相关的各种研究,申请的专利有:学习能力增强剂、记忆力增强剂、痴呆预防剂、痴呆治疗剂、抗痴呆药、具有脑功能改善效果的功能性食品等(日本特开平7-82146号公报、日本特开平5-117147号公报、日本特开平2-49723号公报)。对于花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,最近日本特开2003-048831号公报“对脑功能下降引起的症状或疾病具有预防或改善作用的组合物”中表明:将增龄动物供Morris水迷宫试验,通过投与花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,可以改善加龄引起的学习能力的下降。
群马大学医学部的宫永等人以26名正常者为对象,让其口服含有2400mgDHA的胶囊,测定服用前和服用2小时后与认知应答相关的事件相关电位(P300),结果发现:P300的潜伏期显著缩短,振幅显著增加[宫永和夫、食的科学、P84-96(1999)]。但不是与模拟样品的比较结果,不能确定血中DHA浓度与P300结果的相关性,又以97名正常老人为对象,在每日服用含有900mgDHA的胶囊并持续6个月的长期给药试验中,P300没发生变化,不能证明DHA的有效性。
进而,宫永等人又让患者持续6个月每日口服含有700mg~1400mgDHA的胶囊,结果发现:在脑血管性痴呆13例中的10例、阿尔茨海默型痴呆5例中的全例中显示出略好于改善的效果[宫永和夫、临床营养、881-901(1995)]。但并没有显示记忆·学习能力的改善,只显示出意志传达、积极性·活动性提高、谵妄、逛游、抑郁状态、步行障碍的改善。
如上所述,虽然人们期待花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸具有改善记忆·学习能力的效果,但只显示了对健康高龄者事件相关电位的改善、对脑血管性痴呆患者、阿尔茨海默病患者的情绪或行动障碍的改善,不能确定对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降是否具有改善或提高作用。
因此,人们渴望开发出能改善或提高器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降且适合在医药甚至食品中应用的副作用少的化合物。
[专利文献1]日本特开2003-048831号公报
[非专利文献1]宫永和夫、食的科学、P84-96(1999)
[非专利文献2]宫永和夫、临床营养、881-901(1995)
发明内容
因此,本发明提供对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的饮食品及其制造方法,所述饮食品的有效成分是花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物。更详细地说,本发明提供对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的饮食品及其制造方法,所述饮食品以从花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸、花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸的醇酯、构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯、磷脂、糖脂中选择的至少一种为有效成分。
本发明人等为了明确花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物对高级脑功能下降的改善作用,进行了潜心研究,结果惊奇地发现:以RBANS神经心理测验为指标进行评价,明确了花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物在器质性脑损伤引起高级脑功能障碍的患者身上的效果。
因此,本发明提供对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的饮食品及其制造方法,所述饮食品的有效成分是花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物。更详细地说,本发明提供对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的饮食品及其制造方法,所述饮食品以从花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸、花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸的醇酯、构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯、磷脂、糖脂中选择的至少一种为有效成分。
本发明可以提供对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的饮食品及其制造方法,所述饮食品的有效成分是花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对现代社会的人类特别有用。
附图说明
[图1]图1显示:通过RBANS神经心理测验得知的含有花生四烯酸的油脂对器质性脑损伤患者高级脑功能障碍(即刻记忆和延迟记忆)的影响。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的饮食品及其制造方法,所述饮食品的有效成分是花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物。
器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降是指由脑梗塞、短暂性脑缺血发作等缺血性脑中风、脑出血、蛛网膜下出血等出血性脑中风、脑震荡、脑挫伤等外伤性疾病等导致器质性脑损伤时引起的半侧身体失认、地志判断障碍、失认症、失语症、记忆障碍、失用症、注意障碍、执行功能障碍、行动或情绪的障碍等,当然并不限于这些障碍,伴随着由器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降而出现的症状均包含在内。
本发明的有效成分是花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸,以花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的所有化合物均可利用。作为以花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,可以是花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的盐类,例如钙盐、钠盐等,还可以是花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的醇酯,例如花生四烯酸甲酯、二十二碳六烯酸乙酯等。此外,构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯、甘油二酯、甘油单酯、磷脂、糖脂等均可利用。
考虑到在食品中的应用,花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸优选甘油三酯、磷脂的形态,特别是甘油三酯的形态。
因此,在本发明中,可以使用含有本发明有效成分即构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯的甘油三酯(含有花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯)。作为含有花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯,在构成甘油三酯的总脂肪酸中,花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸的比例大于等于5重量(W/W)%、优选大于等于10重量%、更优选大于等于20重量%、最优选大于等于30重量%的油脂(甘油三酯)是适用于食品的理想形态。因此,在本发明中,培养能够生产含花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸油脂(甘油三酯)的微生物而得到的油脂均可使用。
例如,作为能够生产含花生四烯酸油脂(甘油三酯)的微生物,可以是被孢霉(Mortierella)属﹑耳霉(Conidiobolus)属﹑腐霉(Pythium)属﹑疫霉(Phytophthora)属﹑青霉(Penicillium)属﹑枝孢霉(Cladosporium)属﹑毛霉(Mucor)属﹑镰刀菌(Fusarium)属﹑曲霉(Aspergillus)属﹑红酵母(Rhodotorula)属﹑虫霉(Entomophthora)属﹑Echinosporangium属﹑水霉(Saprolegnia)属的微生物。
作为被孢霉(Mortierella)属被孢霉(Mortierella)亚属的微生物,可列举长孢被孢霉(Mortierella elongata)﹑微小被孢霉(Mortierella exigua)﹑喜湿被孢霉(Mortierella hygrophila)﹑高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)等。具体可以是长孢被孢霉(Mortierella elongata)IFO8570﹑微小被孢霉(Mortierella exigua)IFO8571﹑喜湿被孢霉(Mortierella hygrophila)IFO5941﹑高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)IFO8568﹑ATCC16266﹑ATCC32221﹑ATCC42430﹑CBS219.35﹑CBS224.37﹑CBS250.53﹑CBS343.66﹑CBS527.72﹑CBS529.72﹑CBS608.70﹑CBS754.68等菌株。
这些菌株均可从日本国大阪市财团法人发酵研究所(IFO)、美国典型菌种保藏中心(American Type Culture Collection,ATCC)、荷兰霉菌中心保藏所(Centrralbureau voor Schimmelcul tures,CBS)无限制地获得。此外,还可以使用本发明研究小组从土壤分离的菌株长孢被孢霉SAM0219(日本国微工研菌保藏第8703号)(日本国微工研条保藏第1239号)。
作为对高级脑功能下降具有改善作用的饮食品的制造方法,可以将以花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物单独、或与实质上不含花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸或即使含有也是微量的饮食品原料一起配合进行制造。这里的微量意味着,即使饮食品原料中含有花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸但人摄取配合了该原料的食品组合物后达不到下述本发明的每日花生四烯酸摄取量的量。
特别是构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯,油脂(甘油三酯)的用途有无限的可能性,可作为食品、饮料、医药品、医药外用品的原料及添加物使用。并且,其使用目的、使用量不受任何限制。
例如,作为食品组合物,除一般食品外,还可以是功能性食品、营养补助食品、特定保健用食品、早产儿配方奶粉、婴儿配方奶粉、婴儿食品、孕产妇食品或老年人食品等。作为含有油脂的食品,例如有:肉、鱼、坚果等本来含有油脂的天然食品;汤等在烹调时加入油脂的食品;炸面圈等用油脂作加热介质的食品;黄油等油脂食品;曲奇等在加工时加入油脂的加工食品;硬饼干等在加工完成时喷涂或涂布油脂的食品等。还可以添加到不含油脂的农产食品、发酵食品、畜产食品、水产食品、或饮料中。可以是功能性食品、医药品、医药外用品的形态,例如:经肠营养剂、粉末、颗粒、含片、内服液、悬浮液、乳浊液、糖浆等的加工形态。在本发明的食品上可以附有如下内容的标示:含有以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
除本发明的有效成分外,本发明的组合物还可以含有通常在饮食品、医药品或医药外用品中使用的各种载体和添加物。特别是为了防止本发明有效成分的氧化,优选含有抗氧化成分。作为抗氧化剂,可列举:生育酚类、黄酮衍生物、甜菜内酯类、曲酸、没食子酸衍生物、儿茶素类、蜂斗菜酸、棉子酚、吡嗪衍生物、芝麻酚、愈创木酚(guaiacol)、愈创木脂酸(guaiatic acid)、p-香豆酸、去甲二氢愈创木脂酸(nordihydroguaiaretic acid)、甾醇类、萜类、核酸碱基类、类胡萝卜素类、木聚糖类等天然抗氧化剂;以抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、抗坏血酸硬脂酸酯、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、单叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)、4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚(HMBP)为代表的合成抗氧化剂。
生育酚类可列举α-生育酚、β-生育酚、γ-生育酚、δ-生育酚、ε-生育酚、ζ-生育酚、η-生育酚以及生育酚酯(乙酸生育酚等)等。类胡萝卜素可列举β-胡萝卜素、角黄素、虾青素等。
在本发明的组合物中,除本发明的有效成分外,作为载体,可以是各种载体,填充剂、稀释剂、增量剂、分散剂、赋形剂、粘合剂溶剂(例如,水、乙醇、植物油)、助溶剂、缓冲剂、溶解促进剂、胶凝剂、助悬剂、小麦粉、米粉、淀粉、玉米淀粉、多糖、乳蛋白、胶原蛋白、米糠油、卵磷脂等,作为添加剂,可以是维生素类、甜味料、有机酸、着色剂、香料、防湿剂、纤维、电解质、矿物质、营养素、抗氧化剂、保存剂、芳香剂、湿润剂、天然的食物提取物、蔬菜提取物等,当然不限于这些。
以花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,其主药效成分是花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸。据报道,每日从饮食中摄取的花生四烯酸的量在日本国关东地区为0.14g,在日本国关西地区为0.19g~0.20g,每日从饮食中摄取的二十二碳六烯酸的量在日本国关东地区为0.37g~0.38g,在日本国关西地区为0.69g~0.82g(脂质营养学4,73-82,1995),需要摄取合适量甚至更多量的花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸。因此,本发明的花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸以及以花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物的成人(例如,以体重60kg计)每日摄取量换算成花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的量为0.001g~20g、优选0.01g~10g、更优选0.05g~5g、最优选0.1g~2g。
将本发明的有效成分在饮食品中实际应用时,食品中配合的花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的绝对量也很重要。但是,饮食品中配合的绝对量根据该饮食品摄取量的不同而不同,将含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯的甘油三酯在食品中配合时,使花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸大于等于0.001重量%,优选大于等于0.01重量%,更优选大于等于0.1重量%。
将本发明的组合物作为医药品使用时,可以按照制剂技术领域中常用的方法如日本药典中记载的方法或基于它的方法进行制造。
将本发明的组合物作为医药品使用时,只要能达到本发明的目的,组合物中有效成分的调配量不受特殊限制,可以采用适宜的配合比例。
将本发明的组合物作为医药品使用时,优选以给药单位形态给药,特别优选经口给药。
本发明组合物的给药量根据年龄、体重、症状、给药次数等不同而不同,例如,本发明的以花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物的成人(约60kg)每日给药量换算成花生四烯酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸的量时,一般约为0.001g~20g、优选约为0.01g~10g、更优选约为0.05g~5g、最优选约为0.1g~2g,且可以每日分1次~3次给药。
脑磷脂膜的主要脂肪酸是花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸,考虑到平衡,本发明的组合物优选花生四烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸的组合。通常,花生四烯酸(n-6系不饱和脂肪酸)和二十二碳六烯酸(n-3系不饱和脂肪酸)分别由亚油酸和α-亚麻酸在相同的酶的作用下生物合成。因此,当单独投与花生四烯酸时,将抑制二十二碳六烯酸的生物合成。反过来,当单独投与二十二碳六烯酸时,将抑制花生四烯酸的生物合成。为了防止这样的弊端,优选组合摄取花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸。此外,脑磷脂膜中二十碳五烯酸的比例非常低,因此更优选几乎不含二十碳五烯酸的花生四烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸的组合。并且,在花生四烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸的组合中,花生四烯酸/二十二碳六烯酸的比(重量)在0.1~15的范围内,优选在0.25~10的范围内。而且,优选二十碳五烯酸的配合量不超过花生四烯酸五分之一(重量比)的饮食物。
[实施例]
下面,通过实施例,更具体地说明本发明。但是,本发明不受下述实施例的限制。
实施例1.以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的甘油三酯的制造方法
用高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)作为花生四烯酸生产菌。在10kL培养槽中制备含有葡萄糖1.8%、脱脂大豆粉3.1%、大豆油1.2%、KH2PO40.3%、Na2SO40.1%、CaCl2·2H2O 0.05%以及MgCl2·6H2O0.05%的培养基6kL,将初始pH调至6.0。接种30L前培养液,在温度26℃、通气量360m3/h、槽内压200kPa的条件下,通气搅拌培养8天。另外,调节搅拌数以维持溶存氧浓度10-15ppm。而且,到第4日为止,通过流加法使培养基中的葡萄糖浓度在1%-2.5%的范围内,之后维持0.5%-1%(上述%意味着重量(W/V)%)。
培养结束后,过滤,干燥,从而回收含有以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的甘油三酯的菌体,用己烷从得到的菌体中提取油脂,经食用油脂的精制工序(脱胶、脱酸、脱臭、脱色),得到220kg含有花生四烯酸的甘油三酯(含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸的甘油三酯的甘油三酯)。将得到的油脂(甘油三酯)甲酯化,再将得到的脂肪酸甲酯用气相色谱法分析,结果:总脂肪酸中花生四烯酸所占的比例为27.84%。又将上述含有花生四烯酸的油脂(甘油三酯)乙酯化,从含有27%花生四烯酸乙酯的脂肪酸乙酯混合物中利用常法即高效液相色谱法分离精制99%花生四烯酸乙酯。
实施例2.试验胶囊的制造
向明胶100重量份和食品添加剂甘油35重量份中加水,在50℃~60℃下溶解,制成粘度2000cp的明胶被膜。然后,将实施例1中得到的含有花生四烯酸的油脂(甘油三酯)60重量%和鱼油(金枪鱼油:总脂肪酸中二十二碳六烯酸所占的比例为40.5%)40重量%混合,再混合维生素E油0.05重量%,制得内容物1。用这些内容物1,按照常法进行胶囊成型和干燥,制得每粒含有240mg内容物的软胶囊。同时制造以橄榄油(混合维生素E油,其是橄榄油的0.05重量%)为内容物的软胶囊,作为人体试验用模拟胶囊。
实施例3.涉及器质性脑损伤患者高级脑功能的含有花生四烯酸
及二十二碳六烯酸的食用油脂胶囊摄取试验
RBANS神经心理测验(Repeatable Battery for the Assessmentof Neuropsychological Status)采用其发明人Randolph的方法[JCl in Exp Neuropsychol Vol.20 310-319(1998)]译成日语的日本版RBANS神经心理测验[脑神经Vol.54 463-471(2002)]。即,利用12个分测试对即刻记忆、视空间·建构、语言、注意以及延迟记忆这五个认知领域进行评价。另外,本发明的人体试验遵照赫尔辛基宣言的精神,严格谨慎地实施。
进行同意参加试验的说明,对获得同意的6名器质性脑损伤患者(脑挫伤患者3名、脑梗塞患者3名:均是高级脑功能障碍程度稳定的患者)实施RBANS神经心理测验,翌日开始让患者连续3个月每日服用6粒实施例2中制备的含有花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸的食用油脂胶囊(花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸分别是40mg/粒),从而使患者每日可分别摄取240mg花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸。胶囊摄取后也实施RBANS神经心理测验,将即刻记忆、视空间·建构、语言、注意以及延迟记忆这五个认知领域的原始得分与实施前的测验结果比较。对健康高龄者实施的RBANS神经心理测验中,没发现重复实施的差异,认为没有学习效果。
胶囊摄取前后的即刻记忆和延迟记忆的原始得分的变化在图1中显示。结果:通过摄取含有花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸的食用油脂胶囊,即刻记忆的原始得分平均显著上升11.9分,延迟记忆的原始得分平均显著上升18.1分。
由此首次明确:通过服用含有花生四烯酸以及二十二碳六烯酸的食用油脂,可以改善器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降。
实施例4.在脂肪输液剂中的使用
加入实施例1中得到的含有花生四烯酸的油脂(甘油三酯)200g、精制鱼油得到的含有二十二碳六烯酸的油脂(甘油三酯)200g、精制蛋黄卵磷脂48g、油酸20g、甘油100g以及0.1N苛性钠40ml,用匀质机分散后,加入注射用蒸馏水至4升。将此液体在高压喷雾式乳化机中乳化,制成脂质乳液。将该脂质乳液以200ml一份的量分装到塑料袋后,在121℃下高压蒸汽灭菌处理20分钟,制得脂肪输液剂。
实施例5.在果汁中的使用
将β-环糊精2g添加到20%乙醇水溶液20ml中,边用搅拌器搅拌,边加入实施例1中得到的含有花生四烯酸的油脂(甘油三酯)与精制鱼油得到的含有二十二碳六烯酸的油脂(甘油三酯)的混合液(配合0.05%维生素E)100mg,在50℃下恒温2小时。室温冷却(约1小时)后,再继续搅拌,同时在4℃下恒温10小时。生成的沉淀通过离心分离进行回收,用n-己烷洗净后,进行冷冻干燥,得到1.8g含有甘油三酯的环糊精包合化合物,所述甘油三酯是含有花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯。将此粉末1g在果汁10L中均匀混合,制得含有甘油三酯的果汁,所述甘油三酯是含有花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯。
实施例6.含有以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物的胶囊的制
备例
向明胶100重量份及食品添加剂甘油35重量份中加水,在50℃~60℃下溶解,制成粘度2000cp的明胶被膜。然后,向实施例1中得到的含有花生四烯酸的油脂(甘油三酯)中混合维生素E油0.05重量%,制得内容物2。向实施例1中得到的99%花生四烯酸乙酯中混合维生素E油0.05重量%,制得内容物3。用这些内容物2至内容物3,按照常法进行胶囊成型和干燥,制得每粒含有180mg内容物的软胶囊。
Claims (20)
1.组合物,其含有花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六烯酸和/或以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中,以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及以二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,是花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸的醇酯或构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯、磷脂或糖脂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其特征是,含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部是花生四烯酸的甘油三酯的甘油三酯以及含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部是二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯的甘油三酯,其花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸的比例是构成甘油三酯的总脂肪酸的5重量%或大于5重量%。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其特征是,含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸的磷脂的磷脂以及含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为二十二碳六烯酸的磷脂的磷脂,其花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸的比例是构成磷脂的总脂肪酸的5重量%或大于5重量%。
5.组合物,其含有以花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的组合物,其中,以花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物是构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸的甘油三酯、磷脂或糖脂。
7.根据权利要求1~6所述的组合物,其特征是,所述花生四烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸的组合中,花生四烯酸/二十二碳六烯酸的比(重量)在0.1~15的范围内。
8.组合物,其含有以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组合物,其中,以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,是花生四烯酸的醇酯或构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸的甘油三酯、磷脂或糖脂。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的组合物,其特征是,含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸的甘油三酯的甘油三酯,其花生四烯酸的比例是构成甘油三酯的总脂肪酸的5重量%或大于5重量%。
11.根据权利要求8或9所述的组合物,其特征是,含有构成脂肪酸的一部分或全部为花生四烯酸的磷脂的磷脂,其花生四烯酸的比例是构成磷脂的总脂肪酸的5重量%或大于5重量%。
12.根据权利要求1~11所述的组合物,其中,器质性脑损伤的原因是脑梗塞、短暂性脑缺血发作等缺血性脑中风。
13.根据权利要求1~11所述的组合物,其中,器质性脑损伤的原因是脑出血、蛛网膜下出血等出血性脑中风。
14.根据权利要求1~11所述的组合物,其中,器质性脑损伤的原因是脑震荡、脑挫伤等外伤性疾病。
15.根据权利要求1~14任意一项所述的组合物,其中,组合物是食品组合物或医药组合物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的组合物,其特征是,食品组合物是功能性食品、营养补助食品、特定保健用食品或老年人食品。
17.根据权利要求15所述的组合物,其特征是,医药组合物是经肠营养剂、粉末、颗粒、含片、内服液、悬浮液、乳浊液、糖浆或胶囊制剂。
18.饮食物,其附有如下内容的标示:含有花生四烯酸和/或以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物以及二十二碳六稀酸和/或以二十二碳六稀酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
19.饮食物,其附有如下内容的标示:含有以花生四烯酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
20.饮食物,其附有如下内容的标示:含有以花生四烯酸及二十二碳六稀酸为构成脂肪酸的化合物,对器质性脑损伤引起的高级脑功能下降具有改善作用。
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JP4993852B2 (ja) | 2004-09-17 | 2012-08-08 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | ストレスに起因する行動異常を伴う症状あるいは疾患の予防又は改善作用を有する組成物 |
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CN1891215B (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
CA2613343C (en) | 2015-06-02 |
AU2006266751B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
JP2007008863A (ja) | 2007-01-18 |
WO2007004685A2 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
KR101344053B1 (ko) | 2013-12-24 |
US20090048215A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
EP1896136A2 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
AU2006266751A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
JP5697293B2 (ja) | 2015-04-08 |
CN1891215A (zh) | 2007-01-10 |
WO2007004685A3 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
CA2613343A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
RU2008103363A (ru) | 2009-08-10 |
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