CN104639670A - Wirelessly-addressable passive resonance sensor structure and addressing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器结构，包括依次连接的用于接收外界查询信号的接收天线、具有三个通带的输入三通带无源滤波器、第一无源混频器、无源谐振传感器、第二无源混频器、输出无源滤波器和用于向查询仪发射输出无源滤波器信号的发射天线；所述输入三通带无源滤波器具有三路输出，其中两路输出输入到第一无源混频器进行混频处理，另一路输出输入到第二无源混频器中与无源谐振传感器的输出进行混频。本发明可以用任意频率的无源谐振传感器构成无源无线传感器，即实现任何无源谐振传感器的无线查询，通过滤波器参数标识传感器，变化查询信号频率寻址传感器。通过选用高Q值的无源谐振传感器，可以大大提高无源无线传感器的无线查询性能，从而提高传感器的实际传感性能。
The invention discloses a passive resonant sensor structure capable of wireless addressing and inquiry, which comprises a receiving antenna connected in sequence for receiving external inquiry signals, an input three-pass passive filter with three passbands, a first passive a source mixer, a passive resonant sensor, a second passive mixer, an output passive filter, and a transmit antenna for transmitting an output passive filter signal to an interrogator; said input tee band passive filter means There are three outputs, two of which are input to the first passive mixer for frequency mixing processing, and the other output is input to the second passive mixer for frequency mixing with the output of the passive resonant sensor. The present invention can use passive resonant sensors of any frequency to form passive wireless sensors, that is, realize wireless inquiry of any passive resonant sensors, identify the sensors through filter parameters, and address the sensors by changing the frequency of the inquiring signals. By selecting a passive resonant sensor with a high Q value, the wireless query performance of the passive wireless sensor can be greatly improved, thereby improving the actual sensing performance of the sensor.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及无源传感器技术，具体涉及一种可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器结构。The invention relates to passive sensor technology, in particular to a passive resonant sensor structure capable of wireless addressing and query.
背景技术Background technique
用无源射频器件制作的传感器，可以实现无源无线传感功能：即传感器可以无源、无线工作，就是用无线电磁波查询传感器，激励产生传感输出信号并通过电磁波无线传回查询仪器，所以传感器无线收/发查询/传感信号，查询电磁波激励产生传感输出，这样就不需要电源供电给传感器工作。The sensor made of passive radio frequency devices can realize passive wireless sensing function: that is, the sensor can work passively and wirelessly, that is, the sensor is queried by wireless electromagnetic waves, and the sensor output signal is stimulated and sent back to the query instrument wirelessly through electromagnetic waves, so The sensor wirelessly receives/sends the query/sensing signal, and the query electromagnetic wave is excited to generate a sensor output, so that no power supply is required for the sensor to work.
目前的无源无线传感器主要采用声表面波传感器实现。由于声表面波传感器的传感查询信号和传感输出信号在同一个频段，具有相同频率，或者频率相差很近，所以无源无线声表面波传感器只能采用“半双工”的时分方式工作，无线传感信号的获取，包括两个分时进行的过程：1)传感查询：由无线传感仪器端发射查询电波，激励声表面波传感器工作；2)传感信号获取：在查询信号间断时，即查询信号为零时，无线获取传感输出信号。所以采用现有的无源无线声表面波传感器，其有效的无线传感输出，是对声表面波器件的非零输入信号结束后的“零输入”响应，显然这样的传感信号只能是一个持续时间有限，而且衰减的瞬态信号。这个传感输出的瞬态过程持续时间和衰减率由声表面波器件的特性确定。在各类声表面波器件中，声表面波谐振器的冲激响应持续时间最长，表明采用声表面波谐振器可以有最长的“零输入”瞬态响应过程，并且瞬态响应的持续时间可随着谐振器的Q值的提高而增加。所以尽管原理上各种类型的声表面波器件都可以制作成无源无线传感器，但是真正应用的无源无线声表面波传感器器，主要采用的是声表面波谐振器，在所有的声表面波器件中，谐振器的无源无线传感距离最长。但是现有的无源无线声表面波传感器无线传感距离十分有限，很难大幅度提高，一个重要原因就是，目前声表面波谐振器的Q值最高只有2000左右。另一方面，采用声表面波元件制作无源传感器，如果要实现器件的无线寻址功能，那么各个声表面波器件的参数必须有所区别。例如，对于声表面波谐振器，只能通过谐振频率的差异来实现寻址，那个各个传感器的谐振频率不同，要求的设计参数就不一样，既增加了器件设计的复杂程度，也会造成传感性能的差异。Current passive wireless sensors are mainly realized by surface acoustic wave sensors. Since the sensing query signal and the sensing output signal of the surface acoustic wave sensor are in the same frequency band, have the same frequency, or the frequency difference is very close, the passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor can only work in the "half-duplex" time-division mode , the acquisition of wireless sensing signals, including two time-sharing processes: 1) Sensing query: the wireless sensing instrument transmits query radio waves to stimulate the surface acoustic wave sensor to work; 2) Sensing signal acquisition: after the query signal When it is intermittent, that is, when the query signal is zero, the sensor output signal is obtained wirelessly. Therefore, using the existing passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor, its effective wireless sensing output is the "zero input" response to the non-zero input signal of the surface acoustic wave device. Obviously, such a sensing signal can only be A transient signal with a finite duration and decaying. The transient duration and decay rate of this sensor output are determined by the characteristics of the SAW device. Among all kinds of surface acoustic wave devices, the impulse response duration of the surface acoustic wave resonator is the longest, indicating that the surface acoustic wave resonator can have the longest "zero input" transient response process, and the duration of the transient response The time may increase as the Q of the resonator increases. Therefore, although various types of surface acoustic wave devices can be made into passive wireless sensors in principle, the real application of passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensors mainly uses surface acoustic wave resonators. Among the devices, the resonator has the longest passive wireless sensing distance. However, the wireless sensing distance of the existing passive wireless SAW sensors is very limited, and it is difficult to greatly improve it. One important reason is that the current Q value of the SAW resonator is only about 2000 at the highest. On the other hand, if surface acoustic wave components are used to make passive sensors, if the wireless addressing function of the device is to be realized, the parameters of each surface acoustic wave device must be different. For example, for surface acoustic wave resonators, addressing can only be achieved through the difference in resonant frequency. The resonant frequency of each sensor is different, and the required design parameters are different, which not only increases the complexity of device design, but also causes transmission. difference in sensitivity.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a passive resonant sensor capable of wireless addressing and inquiry.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的，可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器结构，包括依次连接的用于接收外界查询信号的接收天线、具有三个通带的输入三通带无源滤波器、第一无源混频器、无源谐振传感器、第二无源混频器、输出无源滤波器和用于向查询仪发射输出无源滤波器信号的发射天线；所述输入三通带无源滤波器具有三路输出，其中两路输出输入到第一无源混频器进行混频处理，另一路输出输入到第二无源混频器中与无源谐振传感器的输出进行混频。The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, the passive resonant sensor structure of wireless addressing query, including the receiving antenna connected in sequence for receiving the external query signal, the input three-pass passive band with three passbands a filter, a first passive mixer, a passive resonant sensor, a second passive mixer, an output passive filter, and a transmitting antenna for transmitting an output passive filter signal to an interrogator; the input three The passband passive filter has three outputs, two of which are input to the first passive mixer for mixing processing, and the other output is input to the second passive mixer for mixing with the output of the passive resonant sensor frequency.
优选的，所述外界查询信号包括查询激励周期T1和传感输出周期T2且T1与T2间无间隔，所述T1、T2均大于(2～5)λ，λ表示无源谐振传感器的时间常数，fr表示无源谐振传感器的谐振频率，Q表示品质因数。Preferably, the external query signal includes a query excitation period T1 and a sensor output period T2, and there is no interval between T1 and T2, and both T1 and T2 are greater than (2-5)λ, λ represents the time constant of the passive resonant sensor, f r represents the resonant frequency of the passive resonant sensor, and Q represents the quality factor.
优选的，所述的无源谐振器的谐振频率变化范围为BR＝(fr0-Δs,fr0+Δs)且fr0表示无源谐振传感器的零点谐振频率，Δs表示谐振传感器的最大频率变化量带宽；所述输入三通带无源滤波器的三个通带的中心频率分别为和f0+fr0，带宽为2·Δs。Preferably, the resonant frequency range of the passive resonator is BR=(f r0 -Δ s , f r0 +Δ s ) and f r0 represents the zero-point resonant frequency of the passive resonant sensor, and Δ s represents the maximum frequency variation bandwidth of the resonant sensor; the center frequencies of the three passbands of the input three-pass band passive filter are respectively and f 0 +f r0 , the bandwidth is 2·Δ s .
优选的，所述外界查询信号为：Preferably, the external query signal is:
x(t)＝[cos2π(fo+Δf)t+cos2π(fo-Δf)t]·[u(t)-u(t-T1)]+[cos2π(fo+fr0)t]·[u(t-T1)-u(t-T1-T2)]，其中，f0表示输出无源滤波器的中心频率，u(t)表示阶跃函数，2Δf∈BR。x(t)＝[cos2π(f o +Δf)t+cos2π(f o -Δf)t]·[u(t)-u(t-T1)]+[cos2π(f o +f r0 )t] [u(t-T1)-u(t-T1-T2)], where f 0 represents the center frequency of the output passive filter, u(t) represents the step function, and 2Δf∈BR.
本发明的目的之二是提供一种无源谐振传感器结构的寻址方法，由若干个可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器结构构成无源谐振传感器阵列，每个可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器由结构中的输入三通带无源滤波器和输出无源滤波器的中心频率标识，所述的寻址方法包括以下步骤：The second object of the present invention is to provide an addressing method for a passive resonant sensor structure. A passive resonant sensor array is formed by several passive resonant sensor structures that can be wirelessly addressed and inquired. The source resonant sensor is identified by the center frequency of the input tee-band passive filter and the output passive filter in the structure, and the addressing method described includes the following steps:
S1.向无源谐振传感器阵列发射查询信号；S1. Transmitting an inquiry signal to the passive resonant sensor array;
S2.各无源谐振传感器结构接收步骤S1发射的查询信号，各个无源谐振传感器结构只响应其输入三通带无源滤波器通带内的查询信号和通过输出无源滤波内通带内的传感输出信号。S2. Each passive resonant sensor structure receives the query signal emitted by step S1, and each passive resonant sensor structure only responds to the query signal in the passband of its input three-pass band passive filter and the query signal in the passband of the output passive filter. sensor output signal.
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明具有如下的优点：Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following advantage:
通过无源谐振传感器中输入三通带无源滤波器中心频率f0+fr0和输出无源滤波器的中心频率fo可以实现无源传感器的寻址，即改变查询仪器发出的查询信号的频率，就可以无线寻址不同的无源传感器。Enter the center frequency of the three-pass band passive filter through the passive resonant sensor f 0 +f r0 and the center frequency f o of the output passive filter can realize the addressing of passive sensors, that is, changing the frequency of the query signal sent by the query instrument can wirelessly address different passive sensors.
本发明可以用任意频率的无源谐振传感器构成无源无线传感器，即实现任何无源谐振传感器的无线查询。通过选用高Q值的无源谐振传感器，可以大大提高无源无线传感器的无线查询性能，从而提高传感器的实际传感性能。The invention can use passive resonant sensors of any frequency to form a passive wireless sensor, that is, realize wireless inquiry of any passive resonant sensor. By selecting a passive resonant sensor with a high Q value, the wireless query performance of the passive wireless sensor can be greatly improved, thereby improving the actual sensing performance of the sensor.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述，其中：In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为可无线查询的无源谐振传感器结构；Figure 1 shows the structure of a passive resonant sensor that can be inquired wirelessly;
图2为共用天线的可无线查询的无源谐振传感器结构；Fig. 2 is the structure of the passive resonant sensor that can be inquired wirelessly with a shared antenna;
图3为查询信号时序；Figure 3 is the query signal timing;
图4为本发明第一种可无线查询的无源谐振传感器结构的具体电路图；Fig. 4 is the specific circuit diagram of the first passive resonant sensor structure that can be inquired wirelessly in the present invention;
图5为本发明第二种可无线查询的无源谐振传感器结构的具体电路图；Fig. 5 is the specific circuit diagram of the second passive resonant sensor structure that can be inquired wirelessly in the present invention;
图6为本发明第三种可无线查询的无源谐振传感器结构的具体电路图。FIG. 6 is a specific circuit diagram of a third passive resonant sensor structure capable of wireless query according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下将结合附图，对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述；应当理解，优选实施例仅为了说明本发明，而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
具体的技术实施思路是：可无线查询的无源谐振传感器包括接收天线、输入三通带无源滤波器、无源非线性器件构成的无源混频器、无源谐振传感器、输出无源滤波器和发射天线，如图1示。The specific technical implementation idea is: the passive resonant sensor that can be queried wirelessly includes a receiving antenna, an input three-pass passive filter, a passive mixer composed of passive nonlinear devices, a passive resonant sensor, and an output passive filter. device and transmitting antenna, as shown in Figure 1.
接收天线用于接收外界查询信号，发射天线用于向查询仪发射输出无源滤波器的输出信号。接收天线、输入三通带无源滤波器、无源非线性器件构成的第一无源混频器、无源谐振传感器、无源非线性器件构成的第二无源混频器、输出无源滤波器和发射天线依次连接。输入三通带无源滤波器具有三路输出，其中两路输出输入到第一无源混频器进行混频处理，另一路输出输入到第二无源混频器与无源谐振传感器的输出进行混频。The receiving antenna is used to receive the external query signal, and the transmitting antenna is used to transmit the output signal of the passive filter to the query device. The receiving antenna, the input three-pass passive filter, the first passive mixer composed of passive nonlinear devices, the passive resonant sensor, the second passive mixer composed of passive nonlinear devices, and the output passive Filters and transmit antennas are connected sequentially. The input three-pass passive filter has three outputs, two of which are input to the first passive mixer for mixing processing, and the other output is input to the second passive mixer for processing with the output of the passive resonant sensor. mixing.
作为对本实施例的改进，发射天线和接收天线可用同一个天线，其结构如图2所示。As an improvement to this embodiment, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can be the same antenna, and its structure is shown in FIG. 2 .
查询仪器端产生无线查询信号，并在传感输出周期接收无源传感器的无线传感输出。无线查询信号包含两个周期：查询激励周期T1和传感输出周期T2，查询激励周期在前，传感输出周期在后，两个周期之间无间隔，如图3示。The query instrument side generates a wireless query signal, and receives the wireless sensor output of the passive sensor during the sensor output period. The wireless inquiry signal includes two periods: the inquiry excitation period T1 and the sensing output period T2. The inquiry excitation period comes first, and the sensing output period follows. There is no interval between the two periods, as shown in Figure 3.
针对上述可无线查询的无源谐振传感器的每个查询周期发射的查询信号是The interrogation signal emitted for each interrogation cycle of the above wireless interrogable passive resonant sensor is
x(t)＝[cos2π(fo+Δf)t+cos2π(fo-Δf)t]·[u(t)-u(t-T1)]+[cos2π(fo+fr0)t]·[u(t-T1)-u(t-T1-T2)]其中u(t)是阶跃函数，对一个无源谐振传感器的一次查询可以包含多个查询周期，每个查询周期中Δf需要变化，直到获得最强的传感输出信号，x(t)＝[cos2π(f o +Δf)t+cos2π(f o -Δf)t]·[u(t)-u(t-T1)]+[cos2π(f o +f r0 )t] ·[u(t-T1)-u(t-T1-T2)] where u(t) is a step function, a query to a passive resonant sensor can contain multiple query cycles, Δf in each query cycle needs to be varied until the strongest sensor output signal is obtained,
[cos2π(fo+Δf)t+cos2π(fo-Δf)t]·[u(t)-u(t-T1)]对应于查询激励周期，[cos2π(f o +Δf)t+cos2π(f o -Δf)t] [u(t)-u(t-T1)] corresponds to the query excitation cycle,
[cos2π(fo+fr0)t]·[u(t-T1)-u(t-T1-T2)]对应于传感输出周期。[cos2π(f o +f r0 )t]·[u(t-T1)-u(t-T1-T2)] corresponds to the sensing output period.
无源谐振传感器的谐振频率fr，也就是传感器的传感输出，其变化范围为BR＝(fr0-Δs,fr0+Δs)，fr0为无源谐振传感器的零点谐振频率，且。输入三通带无源滤波器的三个通带的中心频率分别为和f0+fr0，Δs为谐振传感器的最大频率变化量；输出无源滤波器的中心频率为f0，带宽为Δs，且2Δf∈BR。The resonant frequency f r of the passive resonant sensor, that is, the sensing output of the sensor, its variation range is BR=(f r0 -Δ s , f r0 +Δ s ) , f r0 is the zero point resonant frequency of the passive resonant sensor, and . The center frequencies of the three passbands of the input three-pass passive filter are and f 0 +f r0 , Δ s is the maximum frequency variation of the resonant sensor; the center frequency of the output passive filter is f 0 , the bandwidth is Δ s , and 2Δf∈BR.
为了使谐振传感器在每个周期都能够进入稳态，要求T1和T2均大于(2～5)λ，λ是谐振器的时间常数，有Q为品质因数。在查询激励周期：发射的无线查询信号中有两个点频率fo+Δf和fo-Δf，两个频率之差2Δf在待查询的谐振传感器的谐振频率变化范围之内；在传感输出周期，发射的无线查询信号中只有点频率f0+fr0。In order for the resonant sensor to enter a steady state in each cycle, both T1 and T2 are required to be greater than (2-5) λ, λ is the time constant of the resonator, and Q is the quality factor. In the query excitation period: there are two point frequencies f o +Δf and f o -Δf in the transmitted wireless query signal, and the difference between the two frequencies 2Δf is within the range of the resonant frequency of the resonant sensor to be queried; in the sensor output period, there is only point frequency f 0 +f r0 in the transmitted wireless inquiry signal.
在查询激励周期：发射的信号cos2π(fo+Δf)t和cos2π(fo-Δf)t，被无源谐振传感器的天线接收，并通过输入三通带无源滤波器进入第一无源混频器，混频输出信号中的有cos2π(2fo)t和cos2π(2Δf)t，由于只有2Δf在待查询的谐振传感器的谐振频率变化范围BR之内，所以混频输出信号中只有该频率成分能够通过谐振传感器产生输出，也就是说该频率成分能够有效激励无源谐振传感器产生输出，只是此时无源谐振传感器产生的受激振荡，在产生非零输入响应的瞬态过程中，输出信号中同时包含激励频率2Δf和无源谐振传感器的谐振频率fr成分，进入稳态后的输出信号只有激励频率成分2Δf；无源谐振传感器的输出，进入第二无源混频器，和激励信号混频，产生的混频信号；谐振传感器稳态响应产生的混频信号频率成分有：fo+Δf和fo-Δf，以及fo+3Δf和fo-3Δf等，在瞬态过程时产生的混频信号频率成分还包括fo+Δf±fr和fo-Δf±fr；这些频率成分均不在输出无源滤波器频率响应范围内。In the query excitation period: the transmitted signals cos2π(f o +Δf)t and cos2π(f o -Δf)t are received by the antenna of the passive resonant sensor, and enter the first passive filter through the input three-pass band passive filter For the mixer, there are cos2π(2f o )t and cos2π(2Δf)t in the mixing output signal. Since only 2Δf is within the resonant frequency variation range BR of the resonant sensor to be queried, only this The frequency component can generate output through the resonant sensor, that is to say, the frequency component can effectively stimulate the passive resonant sensor to generate output, but at this time the stimulated oscillation generated by the passive resonant sensor, in the transient process of generating a non-zero input response, The output signal contains the excitation frequency 2Δf and the resonant frequency f r component of the passive resonant sensor at the same time, and the output signal after entering the steady state only has the excitation frequency component 2Δf; the output of the passive resonant sensor enters the second passive mixer, and The excitation signal is mixed to generate a mixed frequency signal; the frequency components of the mixed frequency signal generated by the steady state response of the resonant sensor are: f o +Δf and f o -Δf, and f o +3Δf and f o -3Δf, etc., in the transient state The frequency components of the mixed frequency signal generated during the process also include f o +Δf±f r and f o -Δf±f r ; these frequency components are not within the frequency response range of the output passive filter.
激励周期一结束，即进入传感输出周期：这时发射信号cos2π(fo+fr0)t，该信号被无源谐振传感器的接收天线接收，但是通过输入三带通无源滤波器产生的对第一无源混频器的输入为零，所以谐振传感器无输入，由于谐振传感器在激励周期里蓄积有能量，在输入变为零时，会产生零输入响应，零输入响应是一个瞬态过程，近似为谐振传感器的输出，进入第二无源混频器，和激励信号混频，产生的混频信号频率成分有：fo+fr0+fr和fo+fr0-fr，后者在输出无源滤波器的频率响应范围内，可以输出到发射天线发射，被仪器端接收，解调后即可得到谐振传感器的谐振频率fr。As soon as the excitation period is over, it enters the sensor output period: at this time, the transmitted signal cos2π(f o +f r0 )t is received by the receiving antenna of the passive resonant sensor, but the input signal generated by the three-bandpass passive filter The input to the first passive mixer is zero, so the resonant sensor has no input. Since the resonant sensor accumulates energy in the excitation cycle, when the input becomes zero, a zero input response will be generated. The zero input response is a transient process, approximately The output of the resonant sensor enters the second passive mixer and is mixed with the excitation signal, and the frequency components of the mixed frequency signal generated are: f o +f r0 +f r and f o +f r0 -f r , the latter is in Within the frequency response range of the output passive filter, it can be output to the transmitting antenna for transmission, received by the instrument, and the resonant frequency f r of the resonant sensor can be obtained after demodulation.
通过无源谐振传感器中输入三通带无源滤波器中心频率f0+fr0和输出无源滤波器的中心频率fo可以实现无源传感器的寻址，即改变查询仪器发出的查询信号的频率，就可以无线寻址不同的无源传感器。Enter the center frequency of the three-pass band passive filter through the passive resonant sensor f 0 +f r0 and the center frequency f o of the output passive filter can realize the addressing of passive sensors, that is, changing the frequency of the query signal sent by the query instrument can wirelessly address different passive sensors.
根据前述的无源谐振传感器结构，本发明提供一种无源谐振传感器的寻址方法，由若干个可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器结构构成无源谐振传感器阵列，每个可无线寻址查询的无源谐振传感器由结构中的输入三通带无源滤波器和输出无源滤波器的中心频率标识，每个无源谐振传感器结构的输入三通带无源滤波器及输出无源滤波器的中心频率是不同的，所述的寻址方法包括以下步骤：According to the aforementioned passive resonant sensor structure, the present invention provides an addressing method for a passive resonant sensor. A passive resonant sensor array is composed of several passive resonant sensor structures that can be wirelessly addressed and inquired, each wirelessly addressable The queried passive resonant sensor is identified by the center frequency of the input tee band passive filter and the output passive filter in the structure, the input tee band passive filter and the output passive filter of each passive resonant sensor structure The center frequency of the device is different, and the addressing method includes the following steps:
S1.向无源谐振传感器阵列发射查询信号；S1. Transmitting an inquiry signal to the passive resonant sensor array;
S2.各无源谐振传感器结构接收步骤S1发射的查询信号，各个无源谐振传感器结构只响应其输入三通带无源滤波器通带内的查询信号和通过输出无源滤波内通带内的传感输出信号。S2. Each passive resonant sensor structure receives the query signal emitted by step S1, and each passive resonant sensor structure only responds to the query signal in the passband of its input three-pass band passive filter and the query signal in the passband of the output passive filter. sensor output signal.
这种无源谐振传感器的优点在于，可以用任意频率的无源谐振传感器构成无源无线传感器，即实现任何无源谐振传感器的无线查询。通过选用高Q值的无源谐振传感器，可以大大提高无源无线传感器的无线查询性能，从而提高传感器的实际传感性能。The advantage of this passive resonant sensor is that passive resonant sensors of any frequency can be used to form a passive wireless sensor, that is, to realize wireless inquiry of any passive resonant sensor. By selecting a passive resonant sensor with a high Q value, the wireless query performance of the passive wireless sensor can be greatly improved, thereby improving the actual sensing performance of the sensor.
如图4～6所示，在本发明中，实现可无线查询的无源谐振传感器，其中输入和输出无源滤波器采用四个无源声表面波(SAW)滤波器F0～F3构成，F0为输出无源滤波器，F1～F3组成输入三通带无源滤波器，第一无源混频器由电容C和无源非线性器件构成；第二无源混频器由电感L和无源非线性器件构成，无源混频器中的非线性器件为可变电容二极管。As shown in Figures 4-6, in the present invention, a passive resonant sensor capable of wireless inquiry is realized, wherein the input and output passive filters are composed of four passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters F0-F3, F0 It is an output passive filter, and F1～F3 form an input three-pass passive filter. The first passive mixer is composed of a capacitor C and a passive nonlinear device; the second passive mixer is composed of an inductor L and a passive The source nonlinear device is composed, and the nonlinear device in the passive mixer is a variable capacitance diode.
所述输入三通带无源滤波器包括输入端分别与接收天线连接的三个无源声表面波滤波器F1、F2、F3，其中两个无源声表面波滤波器F2、F3的输出端分别与第一无源混频器连接，另一个无源声表面波滤波器F1的输出端与第二无源混频器连接。The input three-pass passive filter includes three passive surface acoustic wave filters F1, F2, and F3 whose input ends are respectively connected to the receiving antenna, wherein the output ends of the two passive surface acoustic wave filters F2, F3 They are respectively connected to the first passive mixer, and the output end of another passive surface acoustic wave filter F1 is connected to the second passive mixer.
所述第一无源混频器包括电容和无源非线性器件；所述电容的一端与无源声表面波滤波器F2、F3的输出端连接，电容的另一端分别与无源谐振传感器的一端、无源非线性器件的一端连接，无源非线性器件的另一端接地。The first passive mixer includes a capacitor and a passive nonlinear device; one end of the capacitor is connected to the output terminals of the passive surface acoustic wave filters F2 and F3, and the other end of the capacitor is connected to the passive resonant sensor respectively. One end, one end of the passive nonlinear device is connected, and the other end of the passive nonlinear device is grounded.
所述第二无源混频器包括电感和无源非线性器件；所述电感的一端分别与无源声表面波滤波器F0的输出端、无源谐振传感器的另一端连接，电感的另一端分别与无源非线性器件的一端、输出无源滤波器的另一端连接。The second passive mixer includes an inductance and a passive nonlinear device; one end of the inductance is respectively connected to the output end of the passive surface acoustic wave filter F0 and the other end of the passive resonant sensor, and the other end of the inductance They are respectively connected to one end of the passive nonlinear device and the other end of the output passive filter.
如图4的电路，输入三通带无源滤波器和输出无源滤波器采用四个无源薄膜体波谐振器(FBAR)滤波器构成。As shown in the circuit of Figure 4, the input three-pass band passive filter and the output passive filter are composed of four passive film bulk resonator (FBAR) filters.
如图5的电路，无源混频器中的非线性器件为可变电容。In the circuit shown in Figure 5, the non-linear device in the passive mixer is a variable capacitor.
如图6的电路，无源混频器中的非线性器件为隧道二极管。In the circuit shown in Figure 6, the nonlinear device in the passive mixer is a tunnel diode.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并不用于限制本发明，显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
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