CN104623946B - A kind of castoff liquid separating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste solid-liquid separation device, which comprises a liquid storage tank, a filter press pit, a bracket, a filter bag, a sling and a flat plate. The liquid storage tank is arranged underground and communicated with the filter press pit. The bottom surface of the filter press pit The angle with the ground is about 20 degrees, so that the liquid in the filter press pit can flow into the liquid storage tank. During operation, first connect the filter bag, the sling and the bracket together to form a mobile filter system, place the mobile filter system in the liquid storage tank, and feed the solid-liquid mixed waste into the liquid storage tank, Use the sling to lift the filter bag and the bracket together and place it flat in the filter pit, then cover the flat plate on the filter bag and the bracket containing the waste, the operator stands on the flat plate and presses down, and the solid waste is discarded The material stays in the filter bag while the liquid flows into the liquid storage tank, which achieves the purpose of solid-liquid separation; its structure is simple, easy to operate, can effectively achieve solid-liquid separation, safe operation, and can meet the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

A waste solid-liquid separation device

technical field

The invention relates to a device for solid-liquid separation of a mixture of solid matter and liquid matter, in particular to a device for solid-liquid separation of large-particle solid and liquid mixtures such as garbage, feces, and agricultural and sideline product processing waste.

Background technique

In chemical industry, light industry, pharmaceutical, mining, metallurgy, energy, environmental protection and other fields, especially in the processing of agricultural and sideline products and food industry, the processing of raw materials before processing and the post-processing of products and wastes require the use of solid material A solid-liquid separation technology that filters a mixture of liquid and liquid substances. Taking animal husbandry as an example, most livestock farms use water to wash manure directly, and use manure to produce biogas without preliminary solid-liquid separation, which greatly affects the carrying capacity and processing capacity of the biogas digester. Regardless of the raw materials, products and by-products of any industry, there may be a large number of mixtures of solid and liquid substances. The transportation of these mixtures and the different utilization methods of their solid and liquid parts require solid-liquid separation. If the problem of solid-liquid separation is not properly dealt with, there will be a series of adverse consequences. In China, there have been poor treatment of waste, especially biogas residue and biogas slurry, and the waste is directly discharged into waters, causing water pollution. Therefore, waste The solid-liquid separation of substances has become an urgent problem to be solved. The current screening and separation devices, such as screw extruding dry-wet separators and grabbing solid-liquid separators, are all very complicated in structure, and have defects such as high cost, high fuel consumption and power consumption, and troublesome operation.

Therefore, it is urgent to study a new technical solution to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art, and its main purpose is to provide a solid-liquid separation device for waste gas, which has a simple structure, is easy to operate, can effectively achieve solid-liquid separation, is safe to operate, and can achieve energy saving Environmental requirements.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A solid-liquid separation device for waste, comprising a liquid storage tank, a filter press pit, a bracket, a filter bag, a sling and a flat plate; the liquid storage tank is arranged underground and communicated with the filter press pit, and the filter press The bottom of the pit is a slope about 20 degrees from the ground, and the end of the slope near the liquid storage tank is the bottom of the slope, and the end far away from the liquid storage tank is the top of the slope, so that the liquid in the filter press pit can flow into the liquid storage tank; the bottom area of the bracket is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the liquid storage tank and the filter press pit; the top of the filter bag has an opening, and the bottom is tiled and fixed on the support on the rack; the slings have multiple pieces, each of which has the same length and specification, and each sling surrounds the surrounding of the filter bag and is fixed at the corresponding position with the opening periphery of the bracket and the filter bag, that is, the sling , the filter bag and the bracket are connected together to form a mobile filter system; under the action of manpower or machinery, the mobile filter system can pass through the slings between the liquid storage tank and the Move back and forth between the filter press pits; the area of the plate is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the filter press pit, and the plate is pressed against the waste contained in the mobile filter system moving to the filter press pit .

Further, the sling is respectively fixed together with the bracket and the opening periphery of the filter bag in a detachable manner.

Further, the sling has a detachable accessory, which includes a sling hook arranged at the lower end of the sling for hooking the bracket, and is arranged next to the sling hook for binding the sling hook A strap for holding the position of the bracket, and a sling buckle; this sling buckle can be buckled or unbuckled with the sling buttonholes distributed at the corresponding positions along the opening circumference of the filter bag; each of the upper ends of the slings is provided with a Sling loops; said sling acts as a stressed part for lifting in operation.

Further, the cement wall around the upper edge of the liquid storage tank is evenly distributed with sling ring boxes, and each of the sling ring boxes is respectively provided with a hook for hooking the corresponding sling ring, and the sling ring box is used as a charging operation Temporary fixation in the process of setting the strap.

Further, the bracket has a base frame and a guardrail, and the guard rail is arranged on one side of the base frame and forms an angle of 90 degrees with the base frame.

Further, the two corresponding inner sides of the junction of the liquid storage pool and the filter press pit are respectively provided with doorposts protruding inwards, which are used to prevent the mobile filter system placed in the filter press pit from moving toward the filter press pit. The reservoir slides.

Further, the side of the lower part of the doorpost facing the filter press pit forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the bottom surface of the filter press pit.

Further, a long rod made of hard material is also included, and a circular ring is respectively arranged on the top of the gate post, and the two ends of the long rod are correspondingly inserted into the ring.

Further, the edge of the liquid storage tank is built with a low wall higher than the ground to prevent rainwater from flowing in; the edge of the filter press pit is built with a low wall higher than the ground to prevent the liquid from flowing out and the rainwater from the ground from flowing in during operation. .

Further, the mobile filter system has three groups, which are respectively the upper mobile filter system, the middle mobile filter system and the lower mobile filter system nested together from top to bottom, and the upper, middle and lower mobile filter systems are The bottom area of the filter mesh bags increases sequentially and the mesh size decreases sequentially, and the bottom areas of the brackets of the upper, middle and lower mobile filter systems increase sequentially.

After adopting the above structure, compared with the prior art, the waste solid-liquid separation device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. By analyzing the structure of the whole device, it can be seen that the structure is simple, easy to build and manufacture, and the cost is very low.

2. The operation process is simple: first connect the mesh bag, sling and bracket together to form a mobile filter system, place the mobile filter system flat on the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and tighten the sling through the drafting parts to make the filter bag If the opening of the opening is fully open and the bottom is firmly placed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, the solid-liquid mixed waste can be loaded into the liquid storage tank. After loading, the shackles of the drafting parts are untied, and manpower or machinery is used to pass through the sling. Lift the filter bag and bracket above the ground, place it in translation and press it in the filter press pit, place the flat plate on the filter bag containing the waste, and the operator stands on the flat plate and presses it to complete the filtration. The solid matter in the net bag is poured out, and the solid-liquid separation operation is completed. It can be seen that the solid-liquid separation process is very convenient from the preparation and installation of equipment to loading, pressing, filtering, and discharging, and the operator can understand it at a glance.

3. From the structure of the device to its operation process, it can be seen that almost no fuel or electricity is consumed, unless the machine is used to lift the filter bag and bracket through the sling to save manpower, which consumes a little energy, which is completely in line with energy conservation and environmental protection. requirements.

4. During the operation process, insert the long rod into the rings of the two doorposts during the operation of stepping on the filter, which will become a temporary guardrail, which can ensure that the operation will not slip into the liquid storage tank, which is safe.

5. The upper, middle and lower sets of three sets of mobile filtration systems are nested in sequence, and the meshes are successively smaller, which can perform triple filtration on waste and improve the filtration effect. According to the requirements for solid-liquid separation of waste, a filter bag with a suitable pore size can also be selected, and only one bracket, one filter bag, and one set of slings are used for one-time filtration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of liquid reservoir and press filter pit among the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of flat plate among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of bracket among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of filter mesh bag among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the connection schematic diagram of sling and bracket in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of suspenders in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a large bracket, a medium bracket and a small bracket in the present invention.

In the picture:

Reservoir 1 Sling ring box 11

Hook 111 filter press pit 2

Bracket 3 S Bracket 3a

Medium bracket 3b Large bracket 3c

Chassis 31 Guardrail 32

Filter bag 4 strap grommet 41

strap 42 strap 5

Sling ring 51 Sling hook 52

Short Strap 53 Sling Buckle 54

Post 6 Ring 61

Tablet 7

detailed description

In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific examples.

A waste solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1-7, includes a liquid storage tank 1, a filter pit 2, a bracket 3, a filter bag 4 and a sling 5.

The liquid storage tank 1 is a cuboid made of cement, and the volume should be determined according to the user's own production scale. In the present embodiment, the depth of the liquid storage tank 1 is 1.5 meters. The liquid storage tank 1 is arranged underground and one side is connected with the filter press pit 2, and the edges of the other three sides of the liquid storage tank 1 are built with low walls about 20 cm above the ground to prevent rainwater from flowing in.

The filter press pit 2 is a rectangular shallow groove made of cement. The bottom area of the filter press pit is equal to the bottom area of the liquid storage tank. The bottom surface of the filter press pit 2 is a slope with an angle of about 20 degrees with the ground, and the The end of the slope near the liquid storage tank 1 is the slope bottom, and the end far away from the liquid storage tank 1 is the slope top, so that the liquid in the filter press pit 2 can flow into the liquid storage tank 1 . The edges of the other three sides of the filter press pit 2 are built with a low wall about 20 centimeters above the ground to prevent the outflow of liquid and the inflow of rainwater on the ground during operation.

Bracket 3 is made of acid-resistant metal or other firm hard materials, as shown in Figure 3, bracket 3 has chassis 31 and guardrail 32, and guardrail 32 is provided with the side of chassis 31 and is 90 degrees with chassis 31 angle. Both the underframe 31 and the guardrail 32 are overlapped by a plurality of vertically and horizontally intersecting connecting rods. The transverse direction of the underframe 31 is generally made up of 3 to 4 connecting rods, wherein the one on the junction of the underframe 31 and the guardrail 32 is shared with the guardrail 32, and the longitudinal direction of the underframe 31 is generally composed of 4 to 5 connecting rods, each The longitudinal connecting rods of the chassis 31 are connected with the longitudinal connecting rods of the guardrail 32, and the whole bracket 3 is L-shaped when viewed from the side. The area of the underframe 31 is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the liquid storage tank 1 and the filter pit 2 . The height of the guardrail 32 is slightly higher than the height between the junction of the liquid storage tank 1 and the filter press pit 2 and the ground, which is generally 40 centimeters. The effect of the guardrail 32 is to prevent the filter mesh bag 4 with waste from being pressed into the liquid reservoir 2 in the filter press pit 2 facing the liquid reservoir 1 during the filter press operation, so as to protect the filter mesh bag 4 .

Filter bag 4 is woven by firm soft silk rope, and as shown in Figure 4, filter bag 4 is the cuboid shape of opening, and the bottom is tiled on the underframe 31 of bracket 3, and the bottom of filter bag 4 Ten straps 42 for binding the bottom frame 31 of the bracket 3 are evenly arranged on the lower edge, and a plurality of suspender buttonholes 41 are evenly arranged on the periphery of the opening of the filter bag 4 .

Sling 5 has many, surrounds filter mesh bag 4 and distributes around. The number of suspenders 5 depends on the bottom area of the filter press pit 2 (liquid storage tank 1) and decides, if the bottom area of the filter press pit 2 (liquid storage tank 1) is less than 4 square meters, use 8-10 suspenders to press If the bottom area of filter pit 2 (liquid storage tank 1) is more than 4 square meters, the quantity of suspenders should be increased accordingly. The quantity of sling 5 will be consistent with the number of sling buttonholes 41 of filter mesh bag 4. The specification requirement of each sling, at least at these two conditions from following sling hook 52 to the length of following sling ring 51 and the position of following sling buckle 54, require consistent; The strap grommets 41 on the edge cooperate. In the present embodiment, what is paired with each bracket 3 is 10 suspenders, all of uniform specifications. Sling 5 is made of durable soft material, as shown in Figure 6, the upper end of sling 5 is provided with a sling ring 51, and the lower end of sling 5 is provided with a sling hook 52, and each sling hook 52 is provided with two The short straps 53 are used for the sling hook 52 to hook the corresponding position of the bottom frame 31 (peripheral connecting rods) and then these two short straps 53 are fastened to prevent the sling 5 from falling off the bracket 3 when the bracket 3 is moved. . A sling buckle 54 is arranged between the sling ring 51 and the sling hook 52 of the sling, the sling buckle 54 is equal to the height of the filter bag 4 from the distance of the sling hook 52, and the sling buckle 54 can be connected with the sling buttonhole 41 on the filter bag 4. Buckle together.

As shown in Figure 5 (filter mesh bag 4 is omitted among the figure), after sling hook 52 catches chassis 31 and its sling buckle 54 and the sling eyelet 41 on the filter mesh bag 4 are fastened, sling 5, filter mesh bag 4 and The brackets 3 are fixedly connected together to form a mobile filter system.

As shown in Figure 1, the upper edge of the liquid storage tank 1 is provided with 10 strap ring boxes 11 corresponding to the above 10 straps 5, and each strap ring box 11 is provided with a hook 111 for fixing the corresponding straps. The sling rings 51, wherein 8 sling ring boxes 11 are set on the low walls of the 3 sides of the liquid storage tank 1 above the ground; the other 2 sling ring boxes 11 are set on the bottom of the filter pit 2 near the end of the liquid storage tank 1 , can also be arranged on the upper side of the liquid storage tank 1 close to the filter press pit 2.

The length of the sling 5 requires the above-mentioned mobile filter system to be put into the bottom of the filter press pit 1, and then the sling 5 is straightened to ensure that the sling ring 51 can hook the crotch 111 in the corresponding sling ring box 11. The hook 111 is hooked by the sling ring 51, on the one hand, the opening of the filter bag 4 is fully opened, and on the other hand, the filter bag 4 is more firmly fixed on the bottom of the filter pit 1.

As shown in Figure 1, the two opposite inner sides of the junction of the liquid storage tank 1 and the filter pit 2 are respectively provided with gateposts 6, and the bottoms of the two gateposts 6 protrude a small part to each other, so that the bracket 3 and the mounting When the filter bag 4 with waste is placed on the slope of the filter press pit 2, it will not slide down. When the bracket 3 is placed on the slope of the filter press pit 2, the guardrail 32 of the bracket 3 is against the two gate posts 6. The contact surfaces between the bottoms of the two gateposts 6 and the guardrail 32 are the force-bearing surfaces of the gateposts 6, which form an angle of 90 degrees with the bottom surface of the filter press pit 2 (about 70 degrees with the horizontal plane), To evenly distribute the pressure of the guardrail 32.

The waste solid-liquid separation device of the present invention also includes a flat plate 7 made of wood, metal, plastic or rubber. The area of the plate 7 is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the filter press pit 2.

The waste solid-liquid separation device of the present invention also includes a long rod (not shown) for protection, the long rod is made of hard material, and the top of the gate post 6 is respectively provided with a ring 61, the Both ends are correspondingly inserted and erected in this ring 61 to be a temporary guardrail.

When using the waste solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, according to the composition of the raw materials and the specific requirements for the solid-liquid separation of the raw materials, some can be filtered once, and some need to be filtered twice or three times. The selected filter bags with different mesh sizes determine the number of filtration times.

In this embodiment, there are three sets of mobile filter systems, which are respectively an upper mobile filter system, a middle mobile filter system and a lower mobile filter system nested together from top to bottom. As shown in Figure 7, the brackets of the upper, middle and lower mobile filter systems are respectively a small bracket 3a, a medium bracket 3b and a large bracket 3c, and the bottom area of the large bracket 3c (the area) is slightly less than the bottom area of the liquid storage tank 1, the bottom area of the middle bracket 3b is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the large bracket 3c, and the bottom area of the small bracket 3a is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the middle bracket 3b. The filter bags 4 of the upper, middle and lower mobile filter systems are respectively a small filter bag, a medium filter bag and a large filter bag, the large filter bag has a small mesh, and the large filter bag has a large The size bracket 3c is matched and bound together, the bottom area of the large size filter mesh bag is equal to the bottom area of the large size bracket 3c; the medium size filter mesh bag has a medium mesh, and the medium size filter mesh bag is matched with the medium size bracket 3b Bound together, the bottom area of the medium-sized filter mesh bag is equal to the bottom area of the medium-sized bracket 3b; the small-sized filter mesh bag has a large mesh, and the small-sized filter mesh bag is bound together with the small-sized bracket 3a. The bottom area of the small filter mesh bag is equal to the bottom area of the small bracket 3a.

Take three filter operations as example here to illustrate the concrete operation process of the present invention:

First bind the strap 42 of the large filter mesh bag with small mesh to the large bracket 3c, put the sling hooks 52 of 10 slings 5 on the large bracket 3c, and attach the sling hooks next to the sling hooks. The short straps 53 are tied to the corresponding parts of the large bracket 3c to prevent the strap hooks 52 from slipping off; each strap buckle 54 is fastened with the strap buttonhole 41 on the corresponding filter bag 4, and then the filter net that has been tied up is fastened. The large bracket 3c of the bag 4 is put flatly into the bottom of the liquid storage tank 1 through its sling 5, and one side of the guardrail 32 of the large bracket 3c is placed on the opposite side of the filter pit 2, and the sling 5 is straightened. 51 into the sling ring box 11 at the corresponding position, and the sling ring 51 is fastened on the hook 111 in the box; The sling hooks 52 of the 10 slings 5 are hooked on the medium bracket 3b, and the short straps 53 used for the fixed hooks next to each sling hook are tied to the corresponding parts of the medium bracket 3b, so that the sling hooks 52 do not slip off Fasten each suspender buckle 54 and the suspender buttonhole 41 on the corresponding filter mesh bag 4, then the medium bracket 3b that has tied the medium filter mesh bag is put into the bottom of the liquid storage tank 1 flatly by its suspender 5, The guardrail of this medium-sized bracket 3b is close to the guardrail of large-sized bracket 3c, and each suspender 5 is straightened, and each suspender ring 51 is put into the suspender ring box 11 of corresponding position, and each suspender ring 51 is set fastened to the crotch in this box 111 on. The fixing of the trumpet filter mesh bag of big mesh and trumpet bracket 3a and 10 suspenders thereof, placement and its suspender ring 51 put into corresponding suspender ring box 11 hooks firmly, the same with the aforementioned mode.

After the three sets of slings, filter bags and brackets have been placed, the filter bags are fully open. This just can feed, and the solid-liquid mixed waste is packed in the filter mesh bag 4 in the liquid storage tank 1, feeds finished, and starts discharging operation, first with small filter mesh bag, small bracket 3a The 10 sling rings 51 that are connected are taken out from each sling ring box 11, and the small bracket 3a and the small filter mesh bag are suspended upwards by manual or mechanical use of the sling ring 51, until the bottom surface of the bracket 3a is higher than the ground At the same time, the small bracket 3a (together with the filter bag and the waste in the filter bag) is moved in parallel to the filter press pit 2, and the solid waste in the small filter bag is slightly flattened. Then the flat panel 7 is placed above the solid waste in the filter mesh bag 4 . Insert the long poles into the rings 61 of the two doorposts 6 to form a temporary guardrail. The operator stands on the flat plate 7 and presses down to press the liquid into the liquid storage tank 1. The solid waste in the small filter bag has been separated from the liquid. , pour out from the small filter bag and set aside. Then the long bar is pulled out from the two rings 61 and the temporary guardrail has been withdrawn; according to the same method as above, the medium bracket 3b and the medium filter bag are hung out, and the liquid discharge is stepped on. Finally, the large bracket 3c and the large filter bag are hung out, and the liquid is discharged by stepping on it. If there is a requirement for further processing of solid waste, the solid waste that has been lifted out and filtered three times can be placed separately. If the requirements for solid-liquid separation are not high, you can choose a filter bag with a suitable mesh to carry out only one or two lifting and pressing separation operations.

The above-mentioned embodiments and drawings do not limit the form and style of the product of the present invention, and any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A solid-liquid separation device for waste, characterized in that: it comprises a liquid storage tank, a filter press pit, a bracket, a filter bag, a sling and a flat panel; the liquid storage tank is arranged underground and connected to the filter press pit connected, the bottom of the filter press pit is a 20-degree slope from the ground, and the end of the slope near the liquid storage tank is the bottom of the slope, and the end far away from the liquid storage tank is the top of the slope, so that the The liquid in the filter press pit can flow into the liquid storage tank; the bottom area of the bracket is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the liquid storage tank and the filter press pit; the top of the filter bag has an opening, and the bottom is tiled. It is fixed on the bracket; the sling has a plurality of strips, each of which has the same length and specification, and each sling surrounds the surrounding of the filter bag and is fixed at the corresponding position on the opening periphery of the bracket and the filter bag , that is, the sling, the filter bag and the bracket are connected together to form a mobile filter system; under the action of manual or mechanical, the mobile filter system can pass through the sling in the storage Move back and forth between the liquid pool and the filter press pit; the area of the flat plate is slightly smaller than the bottom area of the filter press pit, and the flat plate is pressed against the mobile filter system moved to the filter press pit. on the contained waste. 2. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sling is respectively fixed to the opening periphery of the bracket and the filter bag in a movable and detachable manner . 3. A solid-liquid separation device for waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sling has a movable and detachable attachment, and the attachment includes a hook set at the lower end of the sling to hook the bracket A sling hook, located next to the sling hook, is used to bind the strap at the position where the sling hook hooks the bracket, and a sling buckle; this sling buckle can be distributed at the corresponding position along the opening periphery of the filter mesh bag The eyelets of the slings are buckled or unbuckled with each other; a sling ring is arranged at the upper end of each sling; the slings are used as a stressed part for lifting during operation. 4. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cement wall around the upper edge of the liquid storage tank is evenly distributed with sling ring boxes, each of the sling ring boxes is respectively provided with Hook the crotch of the corresponding said sling ring, and the sling ring box is used as a setting for temporarily fixing the sling during the charging operation. 5. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bracket has a bottom frame and a guardrail, and the guardrail is arranged on one side of the bottom frame and connected to the bottom frame It is at an angle of 90 degrees. 6. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two corresponding inner sides of the junction of the liquid storage tank and the filter press pit are respectively provided with doorposts protruding inward, It is used to prevent the mobile filter system placed in the filter press pit from sliding towards the liquid storage tank. 7. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the side of the lower part of the doorpost facing the filter press pit forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the bottom surface of the filter press pit. 8. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: it also includes a long rod made of hard material, a ring is respectively arranged on the top of the gate post, and the long rod Corresponding insertion of the two ends erected in this ring. 9. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edge of the liquid storage tank is built with a low wall above the ground to prevent rainwater from flowing in; the edge of the filter press pit A low wall above the ground is built to prevent the outflow of liquid and the inflow of rainwater on the ground during operation. 10. A waste solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: the mobile filter system has three groups, which are respectively nested together from top to bottom. Type filter system, middle mobile filter system and bottom mobile filter system, the bottom area of the filter bag of the upper, middle and lower mobile filter system increases in turn and the mesh size becomes smaller in turn, the upper, middle and lower mobile filter system The bottom area of the bracket increases sequentially.