CN104613105B - Disc brake with giant magnetostrictive stress application function and method of disc brake - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a disc brake with a giant magnetostrictive force-adding function and a method thereof. It includes brake caliper body, right brake cylinder, right super magnetostrictive afterburner piston, right brake block back plate, right sealing ring, right brake block, brake fluid flow channel, guide column, left brake block , Left brake block back plate, Left sealing ring, Left super magnetostrictive booster piston, Left brake cylinder, Brake disc, Piston body, Coil fixing cover, Gland, Loading and unloading card slot, Adjusting gasket, Wire slot , Outlet hole, elastic washer, excitation coil, coil bobbin, giant magnetostrictive column. The present invention utilizes the characteristics that the giant magnetostrictive material can elongate under the action of a magnetic field and has good compressive performance, and applies force to the emergency braking through the giant magnetostrictive column, which further reduces the braking distance during emergency braking and improves the driving safety. In addition, the invention has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure, good compatibility with existing braking systems, and does not affect the normal operation of ABS.

Description

Disc brake with giant magnetostrictive boosting function and method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a disc brake, in particular to a disc brake with giant magnetostrictive force-adding function and a method thereof.

Background technique

Automobiles are one of the most important means of transportation on land and play an irreplaceable role in national production and life. Among them, the braking system is one of the important assemblies of the automobile, which plays an important role in the safety and reliability of the automobile. Only the automobile with good braking performance and reliable braking system can give full play to its high-speed driving ability. power and ensure driving safety. At present, automobile brakes mainly include drum brakes and caliper disc brakes. Compared with drum brakes, caliper disc brakes have the advantages of good braking stability, good heat dissipation, small structural size, and easy maintenance. The application on various automobiles is more and more extensive.

Existing disc brakes are mainly controlled by pneumatic or hydraulic transmission. When the driver steps on the brake pedal, the pressure of air or brake fluid is directly or briefly controlled through the pedal to push the brake piston, thereby squeezing and rubbing the brake pedal. disc for braking action. In the current common servo brake system, during emergency braking, the rapid output of the braking force is mainly achieved by increasing the opening of the booster or increasing the pressure of the supercharger, so that the braking force quickly rises to the maximum value, so as to reduce the Braking distance during power up. However, the maximum braking force of most servo brake systems is limited by the stroke of the master cylinder. When the stroke of the master cylinder reaches the maximum value, the braking force cannot continue to increase, and it is impossible to further increase the braking force in an emergency. With the improvement of vehicle performance and the continuous acceleration of vehicle speed, people desire a disc brake with super magnetostrictive boosting function and its method to further reduce the braking distance during emergency braking.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a disc brake with giant magnetostrictive force-adding function and its method.

A disc brake with giant magnetostrictive boosting function, including a brake assembly, a right giant magnetostrictive booster piston, a left giant magnetostrictive booster piston, the brake assembly includes a brake caliper body, a right brake Cylinder, right brake pad back plate, right seal ring, right brake pad, brake fluid channel, guide column, left brake pad, left brake pad back plate, left seal ring, left brake cylinder, brake The brake caliper body is equipped with a right brake cylinder and a left brake cylinder oppositely. The right brake cylinder and the left brake cylinder are connected through the brake fluid passage, and the left super magnetostrictive afterburning piston is connected to the left brake cylinder. Cooperate and seal through the left sealing ring, the right super magnetostrictive booster piston cooperates with the right brake cylinder and seal through the right seal ring, the left brake pad back plate is connected with the left super magnetostrictive booster piston, the left brake pad Fixed on the back plate of the left brake block, the back plate of the right brake block is connected with the right super-magnetostrictive booster piston, the right brake block is fixed on the back plate of the right brake block, and the guide columns pass through the left brake block respectively The back plate and the right brake pad are fixed on the brake caliper body, the brake disc is located between the left brake pad and the right brake pad, and the right super magnetostrictive booster piston includes a piston body, a coil fixing cover, Gland, loading and unloading card slot, adjusting gasket, wire groove, outlet hole, elastic washer, exciting coil, coil frame, giant magnetostrictive column, the giant magnetostrictive column is located in the center of the piston body, the right end of the giant magnetostrictive column is connected with the The inner bottom surface of the piston body is in contact, and the excitation coil is wound on the coil bobbin. The coil bobbin is installed between the piston body and the giant magnetostrictive column and pressed tightly by the coil fixing cover. The coil fixing cover is connected to the left end of the piston body through threads, and the coil fixing cover An elastic washer for anti-loosening is installed between the piston body and the coil fixing cover is provided with a loading and unloading slot. There are wire outlet holes and wire slots, and the structure of the left giant magnetostrictive booster piston is the same as that of the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston.

The emergency braking boosting method of a disc brake with a giant magnetostrictive boosting function comprises the following steps:

1) During emergency braking, the driver depresses the brake pedal with all his strength, the pressure of the brake fluid in the left and right brake cylinders rises, and the left and right brake pads are pushed to clamp the brake disc;

2) When the brake fluid pressure p is greater than the maximum pressure value P set by the system, and the wheels are still rotating, connect the circuits of the excitation coils in the left giant magnetostrictive booster piston and the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston, and pass the large and small Be the current of I , and judge the sign number m , when m= 0, the current direction is positive, and when m= 1, the current direction is reverse;

3) After electrification, the excitation coil generates a magnetic field, and the giant magnetostrictive column elongates under the action of the magnetic field, thereby pushing the gland to move outward, and then respectively pushing the left brake block and the right brake block to increase the braking force;

4) When the brake fluid pressure p is less than the set maximum value P , or the wheels stall, immediately cut off the circuits of the excitation coils in the left giant magnetostrictive booster piston and the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston, and Perform negation operation on m ;

5) After the time of cutting off the circuit reaches t , turn on the circuit of the excitation coil in the left giant magnetostrictive afterburning piston and the right giant magnetostrictive afterburner piston again for a time of t' , and the current passing through at this time is kI , k< 1, the direction is opposite to the direction of the current in step 2), so as to eliminate the residual magnetism and restore the original length of the giant magnetostrictive column;

6) Repeat step 2)-step 5) until the driver releases the brake pedal to end braking.

7) The parameter P in step 2)-step 5) is determined according to the actual situation of the vehicle, and I, t, t ', k are determined according to the material and size of the giant magnetostrictive column and the size, number of layers, number of turns, and wire of the excitation coil The path is determined, and the sign number m is a switch value, which is used to control the direction of the current.

The invention aims at the problem that in the existing servo braking system, the braking booster system can only increase the rising speed of the braking force but cannot increase the maximum braking force, and utilizes giant magnetostrictive materials that can elongate under the action of a magnetic field and have good compression resistance The characteristics of emergency braking are applied through the giant magnetostrictive column, which further reduces the braking distance during emergency braking and improves driving safety. In addition, the invention has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure, good compatibility with existing braking systems, and does not affect the normal operation of ABS.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a disc brake with a giant magnetostrictive afterburning function;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the rotating sectional view of the A-A plane of the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston structure of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram when the present invention is applied to a floating caliper disc brake;

In the figure, brake caliper body 1, right brake cylinder 2, right super magnetostrictive booster piston 3, right brake block back plate 4, right sealing ring 5, right brake block 6, brake fluid flow channel 7 , guide column 8, left brake block 9, left brake block back plate 10, left sealing ring 11, left super magnetostrictive afterburning piston 12, left brake cylinder 13, brake disc 14, piston body 15, coil Fixed cover 16, gland 17, loading and unloading card slot 18, adjusting gasket 19, wire slot 20, outlet hole 21, elastic washer 22, excitation coil 23, coil skeleton 24, giant magnetostrictive column 25.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, a disc brake with a giant magnetostrictive booster function includes a brake assembly, a right giant magnetostrictive booster piston 3, and a left giant magnetostrictive booster piston 12. The brake assembly includes brake caliper body 1, right brake cylinder 2, right brake block back plate 4, right seal ring 5, right brake block 6, brake fluid flow channel 7, guide column 8, left brake pad Moving block 9, left brake block back plate 10, left seal ring 11, left brake cylinder 13, brake disc 14, brake caliper body 1 is provided with right brake cylinder 2 and left brake cylinder 13 oppositely, right The brake cylinder 2 and the left brake cylinder 13 are connected through the brake fluid channel 7, the left magnetostrictive booster piston 12 cooperates with the left brake cylinder 13 and is sealed by the left sealing ring 11, and the right magnetostrictive booster piston The piston 3 cooperates with the right brake cylinder 2 and is sealed by the right sealing ring 5, the left brake block back plate 10 is connected with the left giant magnetostrictive afterburning piston 12, and the left brake block 9 is fixed on the left brake block back plate 10 Above, the right brake block back plate 4 is connected with the right super magnetostrictive booster piston 3, the right brake block 6 is fixed on the right brake block back plate 4, and the guide columns 8 respectively pass through the left brake block back plate 10 and the right brake block back plate 4 and are fixed on the brake caliper body 1, the brake disc 14 is located between the left brake block 9 and the right brake block 5, and the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston 3 includes a piston body 15 , coil fixing cover 16, gland 17, loading and unloading card slot 18, adjusting gasket 19, wire slot 20, outlet hole 21, elastic washer 22, excitation coil 23, coil skeleton 24, giant magnetostrictive column 25, giant magnetostrictive The telescopic column 25 is located in the center of the piston body 15, the right end of the giant magnetostrictive column 25 is in contact with the inner bottom surface of the piston body 15, the exciting coil 23 is wound on the bobbin 24, and the bobbin 24 is installed on the piston body 15 and the giant magnetostrictive column 25 between them and be compressed by the coil fixed cover 16, the coil fixed cover 16 is connected to the left end of the piston body 15 by threads, an elastic washer 22 for anti-loosening is installed between the coil fixed cover 16 and the piston body 15, and the coil fixed cover 16 is provided with There is a loading and unloading card slot 18, and the gland 17 is installed on the left side of the coil fixed cover 16 and connected to the left end of the giant magnetostrictive column 25 through an adjusting gasket 19. The gland 17 is provided with an outlet hole 21 and a wire groove 20, and the left supermagnetic The structure of the telescopic booster piston 12 is identical with the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston 3.

The emergency braking boosting method of the disc brake with giant magnetostrictive boosting function comprises the following steps:

1) During emergency braking, the driver depresses the brake pedal with all his strength, the pressure of the brake fluid in the left brake cylinder 13 and the right brake cylinder 2 rises, and the left brake block 9 and the right brake block 5 are pushed to clamp the braking system. The moving disc 14, for the servo brake system, the brake pedal is connected to the brake master cylinder, when the brake pedal is stepped on, the connection between the brake master cylinder and the liquid storage chamber is cut off;

2) When the brake fluid pressure p is greater than or equal to the maximum pressure value P set by the system, and the wheels are still rotating, the braking system has reached the maximum braking force at this time, and the wheels are not locked, that is, the braking force can be further increased to reduce the Braking distance; now connect the circuit of excitation coil 23 in left giant magnetostrictive afterburner piston 12 and right giant magnetostrictive afterburner piston 3, by the electric current that size is 1 , and mark number m is judged, when When m = 0, the current direction is forward, and when m = 1, the current direction is reverse;

3) The excitation coil 23 after electrification generates a magnetic field, and the giant magnetostrictive column 25 elongates under the action of the magnetic field, thereby pushing the gland 17 to move outward, because the connection between the brake master cylinder and the liquid storage chamber has been broken at this time Therefore, the movement of the gland 17 will not press the brake fluid back into the fluid storage chamber, but further increase the pressure of the brake fluid, and then push the left brake pad 9 and the right brake pad 6 respectively to increase the braking force;

4) When the brake fluid pressure p is lower than the set maximum value P , or the wheels stall, the driver releases the emergency brake, the vehicle has stopped or the wheels are locked, and the brake will be cut off immediately. The circuit of the excitation coil 23 in the left giant magnetostrictive afterburning piston 12 and the right giant magnetostrictive afterburner piston 3, and perform the inversion operation to m ;

5) After the time of cutting off the circuit reaches t , turn on the circuit of the excitation coil 23 in the left giant magnetostrictive booster piston 12 and the right giant magnetostrictive booster piston 3 again for a period of t' , and the current passing at this time is k I , k < 1, the direction is opposite to the current direction in step 2, this is because after the magnetic field passes through in step 2), even if the magnetic field disappears, the giant magnetostrictive material will have a part of residual magnetism, resulting in the giant magnetostrictive column 25 cannot be retracted to the initial length, and the reverse magnetic field generated by the reverse weak current can eliminate the residual magnetism in the giant magnetostrictive column 25, so that the giant magnetostrictive column 25 returns to the original length;

6) Repeat step 2) - step 5) until the driver releases the brake pedal to end braking;

7) Step 2) - The parameter P in step 5) is determined according to the actual situation of the car, and I, t, t ', k are determined according to the material and size of the giant magnetostrictive column 25 and the size, number of layers, and number of turns of the excitation coil 23 , The wire diameter is determined, and the sign number m is a switch value, which is used to control the direction of the current.

The present invention only works under emergency braking conditions. According to the characteristics of the giant magnetostrictive material itself, the giant magnetostrictive rod 25 can efficiently perform stretching action and force output only under a certain preload. In the present invention, the braking force during emergency braking acts directly on the giant magnetostrictive rod 25 through the piston body 15 and the gland 17. The giant magnetostrictive material has strong compression resistance and can fully withstand the corresponding pressure. Exactly provides the necessary pre-pressure for material work. The system will only increase the force when it detects that the wheel is turning, and stop the force when the wheel is locked. The control strategy is similar to that of ABS, and because the response time of the giant magnetostrictive material is extremely fast, generally in milliseconds, so It will not affect the normal work of the ABS braking system. The elongation of the giant magnetostrictive column 25 is only related to the strength of the axial magnetic field, and has nothing to do with the direction of the magnetic field. Therefore, the current direction of the excitation coil 23 is controlled by the switching value m , and then the direction of the magnetic field is controlled, so that the The direction of the magnetic field is opposite to that of the last time. This control method can effectively avoid the overshoot effect caused by the reverse current when the residual magnetism is eliminated in step 5, that is, to ensure that the giant magnetostrictive column 25 It must be directly elongated, and there will be no problem of first shortening back to the original length and then elongating due to overshooting residual magnetism, which ensures the reliability of each brake booster.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the present invention can be applied to sliding caliper disc brakes in addition to the fixed caliper disc brakes shown in FIG. 1 , which are widely used in various medium and small passenger cars.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of disk brake with ultra-magnetic telescopic boosting function, afterburning including brake assembly, right ultra-magnetic telescopic Piston（3）, left ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（12）, brake assembly includes braking clamp body（1）, right checking cylinder（2）, right braking Block backboard（4）, right sealing ring（5）, right brake block（6）, brake fluid runner（7）, lead（8）, left brake block（9）, left braking Block backboard（10）, left sealing ring（11）, left checking cylinder（13）, brake disc（14）, braking clamp body（1）Above relatively it is provided with right checking cylinder （2）With left checking cylinder（13）, right checking cylinder（2）With left checking cylinder（13）By brake fluid runner（7）Connection, left ultra-magnetic telescopic Step-up piston（12）With left checking cylinder（13）Join the left sealing ring of merga pass（11）Sealing, right ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（3） With right checking cylinder（2）Join the right sealing ring of merga pass（5）Sealing, left brake block backboard（10）With left ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston （12）Connect, left brake block（9）It is fixed on left brake block backboard（10）On, right brake block backboard（4）Add with right ultra-magnetic telescopic Power piston（3）Connect, right brake block（6）It is fixed on right brake block backboard（4）On, lead（8）It is each passed through the left brake block back of the body Plate（10）With right brake block backboard（4）And it is fixed on braking clamp body（1）On, brake disc（14）Positioned at left brake block（9）With right system Motion block（6）Between；It is characterized in that right ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（3）Including piston body（15）, the fixing lid of coil（16）, pressure Lid（17）, handling draw-in groove（18）, adjusting gasket（19）, wire casing（20）, wire hole（21）, elastic washer（22）, excitation coil （23）, coil rack（24）, ultra-magnetic telescopic post（25）, ultra-magnetic telescopic post（25）Positioned at piston body（15）Central authorities, super magnetic Cause telescopic mast（25）Right-hand member and piston body（15）Inner bottom surface contacts, excitation coil（23）It is wrapped in coil rack（24）On, line Ring framework（24）It is arranged on piston body（15）With ultra-magnetic telescopic post（25）Between and by the fixing lid of coil（16）Compression, coil Fixing lid（16）It is threadedly attached in piston body（15）Left end, the fixing lid of coil（16）With piston body（15）Between use is installed In locking elastic washer（22）, the fixing lid of coil（16）It is provided with handling draw-in groove（18）, gland（17）It is arranged on coil to fix Lid（16）Adjusting gasket is simultaneously passed through in left side（19）With ultra-magnetic telescopic post（25）Left end connects, gland（17）It is provided with wire hole （21）And wire casing（20）, left ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（12）Structure and right ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（3）Identical.

2. the brake hard that a kind of use has the disk brake of ultra-magnetic telescopic boosting function as claimed in claim 1 adds Power method is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

1）During brake hard, driver's all one's effort brake pedal, left checking cylinder（13）With right checking cylinder（2）Interior brake fluid pressure Power rises, and promotes left brake block（9）With right brake block（6）Clamping brake disc（14）；

2）Work as brake fluid pressurepMore than or equal to default maximum pressure valueP, and when wheel still rotates, connect left super magnetic Cause flexible step-up piston（12）With right ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（3）Underexcitation coil（23）Circuit, by size beI Electric current, and to conventional numbermJudged, whenm =When 0, the sense of current is forward direction, whenm =When 1, the sense of current is reverse；

3）Excitation coil after energising（23）Produce magnetic field, ultra-magnetic telescopic post（25）Extend under the influence of a magnetic field, from And promote gland（17）It is displaced outwardly, and then promote left brake block respectively（9）With right brake block（6）Lifting brake force；

4）When brake fluid pressure occurspLess than setting maximumP, or wheel stall situation when, cut off left super mangneto at once Flexible step-up piston（12）With right ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（3）Underexcitation coil（23）Circuit, and rightmExecution negates Operation；

5）Reach in cut-out circuit timetAfterwards, it is again switched on left ultra-magnetic telescopic step-up piston（12）Add with right ultra-magnetic telescopic Power piston（3）Underexcitation coil（23）Circuitt ’Time, now by size of current bek I,k <1, direction and step In rapid 2), the sense of current is contrary, to eliminate remanent magnetism so that ultra-magnetic telescopic post（25）Recover initial length；

6）Repeat step 2)-step 5), until driver loosens the brake, terminate braking；

Step 2)-step 5) in parameterPActual conditions according to automobile determine,I 、t 、t’、kAccording to ultra-magnetic telescopic post （25）Material and size and excitation coil（23）Size, the number of plies, the number of turn, line footpath determine, conventional numbermFor a switching value, For control electric current direction.