CN104604389A - Method for rapidly screening seedling substrate by adopting agricultural by-product extract liquid - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 7
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
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- 244000064895 Cucumis melo subsp melo Species 0.000 description 10
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly screening a seedling substrate by adopting an agricultural by-product extract liquid. The method comprises the following steps: soaking a padding with distilled water for 24 hours, extracting and filtering to obtain a padding extract liquid; respectively diluting the padding extract liquid until the concentrations are respectively 100%, 70%, 50% and 30%; selecting vegetable seeds, cleaning with warm boiled water, fishing out and draining off; soaking the vegetable seeds with the padding extract liquids with the concentrations for 8 hours, transferring to a culture dish on which two layers of filter paper are paved for treatment, and accelerating germination in a constant-temperature cabinet at 28 DEG C; observing and recording the germination number of the seeds every day until no newly added germinates; and calculating that the germination rate (percent) =(germinating seed number within specified days /tested seed number)*100%, the germination index (GI)=sigma(Gt/Dt), and the vital index=germination index*radicle length (cm), wherein Gt is the germinating seed number of the tth day; and Dt is the corresponding germinating days. The method disclosed by the invention is convenient, fast, time-saving, and labor-saving; and the efficiency for screening a seedling substrate can be improved by 5-10 times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of method utilizing agricultural by-products leaching liquor rapid screening seedling medium.
Background technology
Developing rapidly and expanding along with China's pig-breeding scale, microbial fermentation bed pig raising technology is widely applied, and also creates a large amount of bedding and padding discarded objects thus, and the recycling problems demand of this accessory substance solves.The bedding and padding that fermentable bed to raise pig is formed are by microorganism by husk, sawdust and the mixing such as pig manure, urine, through the fermentation of about 70 DEG C pyrolytics, free from extraneous odour, harmless and be rich in nutrient, are rare artificial humus and fertilizer.Resourcable transformation at present for bedding and padding utilizes mainly through During High-Temperature Composting process, makes organic manure and cultivating drumstick mushroom.And utilize bedding and padding development seedling medium to rarely have report.This research plan utilizes bedding and padding to substitute the peat composed of rotten mosses, produces novel vegetable seedling substrate.
Problem plant being produced to potential murder by poisoning may be there is in use in agricultural by-products as cultivation matrix, as some allelochemical on the impact of seed germination and its concentration closely related, proper use of can Promoting plant growth, but improper use can cause murder by poisoning to plant.Therefore the bedding and padding content screened in seedling medium is particularly important.Because different pig farms management mode is different, can there is component difference in bedding and padding, and adopt conventional method---and point disk seedling growing carries out the screening of matrix formulations, and the cycle is long and workload is large, is unfavorable for factorial praluction.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, is to provide a kind of method utilizing agricultural by-products leaching liquor rapid screening seedling medium.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method utilizing agricultural by-products leaching liquor rapid screening seedling medium, comprises the following steps:
(1) with distilled water respectively to using the bedding and padding of half a year and a year to soak, with bedding and padding, completely wetted and anhydrous dripping is as the criterion, and extracts and uses filtered through gauze, obtain two kinds of bedding and padding leaching liquors after soaking 24h;
(2) with distilled water, each bedding and padding leaching liquor being diluted to concentration is respectively 100%, 70%, 50%, 30%, and in 4 DEG C of Cord blood, for subsequent use;
(3) choose full, without the vegetable seeds of damage by disease and insect, clean respectively by the warm water of 50-60 DEG C, pull out and drain; Each vegetable seeds is all with each concentration bedding and padding leaching liquor soaked seeds 8h after step (2) process, transfer to again be covered with two layers of filter paper culture dish on process, each vegetable seeds repeats 3 culture dish samples, each culture dish is put 30 confessions and is planted experimentally subnumber, is placed in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs;
(4) observe when seed sprouting and record the germinative number of seed every day, until without newly-increased seed sprouting, calculate percentage of seedgermination, seed germination index and Seed Integrated vigor Index according to the following equation:
Germination rate (%)=(subnumber is planted experimentally in the chitting piece number/confession of given number of days) × 100%
Germination index (GI)=Σ (Gt/Dt)
Vitality index=germination index × radicle long (cm)
Wherein, Gt is the chitting piece number of t days, and Dt is corresponding germination number of days.
Further, further comprising the steps of:
(5) according to above-mentioned extension rate, by each bedding and padding and coconut shell flour respectively according to volume ratio 3:7,5:5,7:3,10:0 mixes, and makes the seedling medium of 8 formulas, and is respectively used to the seeding and seedling raising of vegetable seeds, be placed in the indoor cultivation seedling-cultivating of artificial climate, sowing strain number when seedling medium of each formula carries out nursery to each vegetable seeds is 50 strains; Described bedding and padding are the bedding and padding using half a year and a year;
(6) from seeding and seedling raising same day to 15d time, the strain number of emerging of observation, calculates emergence rate; During nursery 35d, observe nursery and survive strain number, calculate seeding rate:
Emergence rate=(strain number of emerging/sowing strain number) × 100%
Planting percent=(surviving seedling strain number/sowing strain number) × 100%.
The invention has the advantages that: establish the growing state that a set of employing bedding and padding leaching liquor detects crop seed, the optimum extraction liquid concentration of the suitable seed growth of screening, thus derivation meets the optimum content of bedding and padding in the seedling medium formula of this crop seed growth, solving the problem because bedding and padding source and component difference bring, also providing Technical Reference for adopting agricultural wastes to be applied to seedling medium production; The present invention is convenient and swift, time saving and energy saving, and detection time is 3-7 days, and the efficiency of screening seedling medium formula can improve 5-10 doubly, detects screening seedling medium formula by bedding and padding leaching liquor simultaneously, conservation and not limiting by place.
Embodiment
Utilize a method for agricultural by-products leaching liquor rapid screening seedling medium, comprise the following steps:
(1) with distilled water respectively to using the bedding and padding (i.e. fermentable bed padding) of half a year and a year to soak, with bedding and padding, completely wetted and anhydrous dripping is as the criterion, and after soaking 24h, extraction also through filtered through gauze, obtains two kinds of bedding and padding leaching liquors;
(2) with distilled water, each bedding and padding leaching liquor being diluted to concentration is respectively 100%, 70%, 50%, 30%, and in 4 DEG C of Cord blood, for subsequent use;
(3) choose full, the vegetable seeds muskmelon without damage by disease and insect, cucumber, capsicum, tomato, Chinese cabbage, cabbage seed, clean respectively by the warm water of 50-60 DEG C, pull out and drain; Each vegetable seeds is all with each concentration bedding and padding leaching liquor soaked seeds 8h after step (2) process, transfer to again be covered with two layers of filter paper culture dish on process, each vegetable seeds repeats 3 culture dish samples, each culture dish is put 30 confessions and is planted experimentally subnumber, is placed in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs;
(4) observe when seed sprouting (expanding into germination with cotyledon) and record the germinative number of seed every day, until without newly-increased seed sprouting, often kind of vegetable seeds random choose 6 strain chitting piece, carry out the long detection of plumule root, calculate percentage of seedgermination, seed germination index and Seed Integrated vigor Index according to the following equation:
Germination rate (%)=(subnumber is planted experimentally in the chitting piece number/confession of given number of days) × 100%
Germination index (GI)=Σ (Gt/Dt)
Vitality index (VI)=germination index × radicle long (cm)
Wherein, Gt is the chitting piece number of t days, and Dt is corresponding germination number of days.
Adopt traditional point disk seedling growing to screen seedling medium formula, concrete operations side is as follows:
(5) by each bedding and padding and coconut shell flour respectively according to volume ratio 3:7,5:5,7:3,10:0 mixes, make the seedling medium (as shown in table 1) of 8 formulas, and be respectively used to the seeding and seedling raising of vegetable seeds, be placed in the indoor cultivation seedling-cultivating of artificial climate, sowing strain number when seedling medium of each formula carries out nursery to each vegetable seeds is 50 strains; Described bedding and padding are the bedding and padding using half a year and a year;
(6) from sowing the same day to 15d time, the strain number of emerging of observation, calculate emergence rate; During nursery 35d, observe nursery and survive strain number, calculate seeding rate:
。
Emergence rate=(strain number of emerging/sowing strain number) × 100%
Planting percent=(surviving seedling strain number/sowing strain number) × 100%.
Table 1 fermentable bed padding vegetable seedling substrate is filled a prescription
With percentage of seedgermination, germination index, vitality index, emergence rate and planting percent for index, adopt SPSS software, carry out correlation analysis, data difference test of significance adopts duncan's new multiple range method (Duncan) method.Detect bedding and padding leaching liquors to the impact of seed sprouting, and in seedling medium bedding and padding content on the correlation between the impact of seedling early growth.
Results and analysis
1 utilizes variable concentrations bedding and padding leaching liquor to detect seed sprouting situation
The bedding and padding leaching liquor of variable concentrations all has remarkable impact (P<0.05) to the germination index of above 6 class seeds, vitality index, germination rate, and present high concentration and suppress, low concentration promotes phenomenon; Ginseng is shown in Table 2, service life is the bedding and padding of half a year, bedding and padding leaching liquor is to the germination index of above 6 class seeds, germination rate, vitality index impact analysis, the optium concentration of suitable each seed sprouting is followed successively by 30%>50%>70%>10 0%, when bedding and padding leaching liquor concentration is 30%, the germination rate of muskmelon, cucumber, Chinese cabbage, wild cabbage can reach 100%.
Table 2 uses the impact of bedding and padding on vegetable growth of half a year
Note: represent group difference not significantly (P<0.05) with column data same letter.
As shown in table 3, use the bedding and padding of a year, bedding and padding leaching liquor is on the impact of cucumber, Chinese cabbage, wild cabbage, tomato, pepper seed germination rate, vitality index, germination index, the optium concentration of suitable above-mentioned each seed sprouting is followed successively by 30%>50%>70%>10 0%, when bedding and padding leaching liquor concentration is 30%, above-mentioned each percentage of seedgermination all reaches more than 97%; From germination index, germination rate, the vitality index combined influence of bedding and padding leaching liquor to muskmelon, the optium concentration of suitable germination is followed successively by 70%>50%>30%>10 0%, when bedding and padding leaching liquor concentration is 70%, germination rate reaches 100%.And in seedling medium bedding and padding content on the impact known (see table 5) of muskmelon emergence rate and planting percent, the optimum content of suitable muskmelon nursery is followed successively by 70%>50%>30%>10 0%, seedling medium proportioning is bedding and padding: time coconut shell flour=7:3 (V/V), the emergence rate of muskmelon and planting percent are respectively 100% and 96%.
The impact that table 3 uses the bedding and padding of a year to grow vegetable seeds
Note: represent group difference not significantly (P<0.05) with column data same letter.
In 2 seedling mediums, bedding and padding content is on the emergence rate of each seed and planting percent impact
In seedling medium, the different emergence rate on each seed of bedding and padding content and planting percent also all have remarkable impact (P<0.05), also present high-load and suppress, and low content promotes phenomenon (see table 4-5).
As shown in Table 4, service life is the bedding and padding of half a year, the emergence rate of bedding and padding content to 6 class seeds and the impact analysis of planting percent in seedling medium, the optimum content of suitable each seed seedling-raising is followed successively by 30%>50%>70%>10 0%, seedling medium proportioning is bedding and padding: time coconut shell flour=3:7 (V/V), and emergence rate, the planting percent of muskmelon, cucumber, tomato, capsicum all reach more than 85%.This is consistent to the effect tendency of the germination index of 6 class seeds, germination rate, vitality index with the bedding and padding leaching liquor in table 1, is also that the optium concentration presenting each seed sprouting is followed successively by 30%>50%>70%>10 0%.
The impact that table 4 uses the bedding and padding of half a year to grow vegetable seeds
Note: represent group difference not significantly (P<0.05) with column data same letter.
From table 5, use the bedding and padding of a year, in seedling medium, bedding and padding content is on the impact of muskmelon emergence rate and planting percent, the optimum content of suitable muskmelon nursery is followed successively by 70%>50%>30%>10 0%, substrate composition is bedding and padding: time coconut shell flour=7:3 (V/V), the emergence rate of muskmelon and planting percent are respectively 100% and 96%.In seedling medium, the impact of bedding and padding content on cucumber, Chinese cabbage, wild cabbage, tomato, pepper seed emergence rate and planting percent is known, the optimum content of suitable above-mentioned seed seedling-raising is followed successively by 30%>50%>70%>10 0%, seedling medium proportioning is bedding and padding: time coconut shell flour=3:7 (V/V), and cucumber, tomato and pepper seedling raising emergence rate and planting percent all reach more than 95%; Equally, this is consistent with the effect tendency of the bedding and padding leaching liquor in table 3 to cucumber, Chinese cabbage, wild cabbage, tomato, pepper seed germination rate, vitality index, germination index, the optium concentration of suitable above-mentioned each seed sprouting is followed successively by 30%>50%>70%>10 0%, when bedding and padding leaching liquor concentration is 30%, germination rate all reaches more than 97%.
The impact that table 5 uses the bedding and padding of a year to grow vegetable seeds
3 based on the correlation analysis of the seedling medium formula grow seedlings of vegetable growth characteristics of bedding and padding
Analyze bedding and padding leaching liquor to the impact of seed sprouting, and bedding and padding content shows (see showing 6-7) the correlation analysis result between the impact of seedling early growth in seedling medium, bedding and padding leaching liquor is to germination rate, germination index, the vitality index of seed sprouting, to the emergence rate of seedling, planting percent, all there is remarkable positive correlation (r=0.901-1.000) with seedling medium between the two, and part reaches extremely significantly positive correlation.Correlation coefficient is all more than 0.5, and the highest correlation coefficient reaches 1.0.Wherein emergence rate and percentage of seedgermination, germination index, the remarkable positive correlation of vitality index are the most outstanding, and correlation coefficient is maximum reaches 1.000, and minimum is 0.901.
Table 6 uses the correlation analysis of the bedding and padding seedling medium formula grow seedlings of vegetable growth characteristics of half a year
Table 7 uses the correlation analysis of the bedding and padding seedling medium formula grow seedlings of vegetable growth characteristics of a year
Comprehensive above-mentioned experimental result is known, the bedding and padding leaching liquor optium concentration of suitable vegetable seeds growth, be the optimum content of bedding and padding in the seedling medium formula being suitable for the growth of this vegetable seeds, in other words, in seedling medium formula, the optimum content of bedding and padding is equivalent to the best diluted concentration of this bedding and padding leaching liquor, if the best diluted concentration of being sifted out suitable seed sprouting by bedding and padding leaching liquor is 30%, then the optimum content can deriving bedding and padding in seedling medium formula is 30%.
The present invention establishes the growing state that a set of employing bedding and padding leaching liquor detects crop seed, the optimum extraction liquid concentration of the suitable seed growth of screening, thus derivation meets the optimum content of bedding and padding in the seedling medium formula of this crop seed growth, for the recipe determination utilizing bedding and padding to prepare seedling medium adds a new way, the problem brought because of bedding and padding source and composition difference can be solved on the one hand, can be on the other hand and adopt agricultural wastes to be applied to seedling medium production to provide Technical Reference.The present invention is convenient and swift, time saving and energy saving, and detection time is 3-7 days, and traditional point disk seedling growing needs 30-35 days, and the efficiency of screening seedling medium formula can improve 5-10 doubly.Detect screening seedling medium formula by bedding and padding leaching liquor, conservation and not limiting by place simultaneously.
Claims (2)
1. utilize a method for agricultural by-products leaching liquor rapid screening seedling medium, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) with distilled water respectively to using the bedding and padding of half a year and a year to soak, with bedding and padding, completely wetted and anhydrous dripping is as the criterion, and extracts and filters, obtain two kinds of bedding and padding leaching liquors after soaking 24h;
(2) with distilled water, each bedding and padding leaching liquor being diluted to concentration is respectively 100%, 70%, 50%, 30%, and in Cord blood, for subsequent use;
(3) choose full, without the vegetable seeds of damage by disease and insect, clean respectively by warm water, pull out and drain; Each vegetable seeds all with through step (2) process after each concentration bedding and padding leaching liquor soaked seeds 8h, then transfer to be covered with two layers of filter paper culture dish on process, each culture dish is put 30 confessions and is planted experimentally subnumber, is placed in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs;
(4) observe when seed sprouting and record the germinative number of seed every day, until without newly-increased seed sprouting, calculate percentage of seedgermination, seed germination index and Seed Integrated vigor Index according to the following equation:
Germination rate (%)=(subnumber is planted experimentally in the chitting piece number/confession of given number of days) × 100%
Germination index (GI)=Σ (Gt/Dt)
Vitality index=germination index × radicle long (cm)
Wherein, Gt is the chitting piece number of t days, and Dt is corresponding germination number of days.
2. a kind of method utilizing agricultural by-products leaching liquor rapid screening seedling medium as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of:
(5) by each bedding and padding and coconut shell flour respectively according to volume ratio 3:7,5:5,7:3,10:0 mixes, make the seedling medium of 8 formulas, and be respectively used to the seeding and seedling raising of vegetable seeds, be placed in the indoor cultivation seedling-cultivating of artificial climate, sowing strain number when seedling medium of each formula carries out nursery to each vegetable seeds is 50 strains; Described bedding and padding are the bedding and padding using half a year and a year;
(6) from seeding and seedling raising same day to 15d time, the strain number of emerging of observation, calculates emergence rate; During nursery 35d, observe nursery and survive strain number, calculate seeding rate:
Emergence rate=(strain number of emerging/sowing strain number) × 100%
Planting percent=(surviving seedling strain number/sowing strain number) × 100%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212233A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 厦门市江平生物基质技术股份有限公司 | A kind of organic substrate being applicable to orchid plant culture |
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| CN102257947A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-30 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for screening of paddy rice with weed inhibiting function in laboratories |
| CN104186308A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-10 | 兰州大学 | Culture medium for anti-glufosinate-ammonium alfalfa plants and soil screening method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102257947A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-30 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for screening of paddy rice with weed inhibiting function in laboratories |
| CN104186308A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-10 | 兰州大学 | Culture medium for anti-glufosinate-ammonium alfalfa plants and soil screening method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106212233A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 厦门市江平生物基质技术股份有限公司 | A kind of organic substrate being applicable to orchid plant culture |
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