CN104599577B - A kind of numerical control machining center tool changing and process demonstration teaching aid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a teaching aid for tool change and machining process demonstration of a numerical control machining center used for teaching mechanical engineering-related majors in engineering colleges. It solves the problem that the traditional classroom teaching is not intuitive enough, and it is difficult for students to understand. Its technical solution: the tool magazine part, the tool seat is mounted under the disc-shaped gear, the left side of the gear meshes with the worm A, the worm A is connected with the motor E, and the switch F is installed under the motor E. The whole is installed on the hollow square sleeve, and the sleeve The cylinder is embedded on the guide rail, the left side is connected with the cylinder, the cylinder is installed on the guide rail, the cylinder is connected with the air pump; the main shaft part, the worm B is connected with the motor A, the worm slider is installed on the two support rods, and the workbench is installed on the worm slider On the mechanism: chuck, motor B and vise are installed on the workbench; pillars, switches, worm E, console and worm C are mounted on the bottom plate. This demonstration teaching aid is to realize the demonstration of each working process of the machining center and help students understand the tool change, tool setting and tool trajectory.

Description

A teaching aid for tool change and machining process demonstration of CNC machining center

Technical field:

The invention relates to a teaching aid for tool change and machining process demonstration of a numerical control machining center used for the teaching of mechanical engineering in engineering colleges.

Background technique:

In classroom teaching, students are exposed to numerical control technology for the first time and do not have a deep understanding of the real objects. Pictures, videos and other forms in traditional classrooms are difficult to meet the needs of students to deeply understand the structure of CNC equipment and its complex motion process. Large-scale CNC equipment cannot enter the theoretical classroom of CNC technology and equipment knowledge explanation. There is noise in the equipment at the CNC machining site, which affects the teaching quality of teachers explaining the theoretical knowledge of CNC technology at the processing site. Due to potential safety hazards, some action details are difficult for students to observe clearly even in the actual operation demonstration of the CNC machining center.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a demonstration of tool change and machining process of CNC machining center in order to assist teachers to demonstrate the relevant knowledge of CNC technology and CNC equipment in theoretical classrooms, and solve the problem that traditional classroom teaching is not intuitive enough and students are difficult to understand teaching aids.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a kind of numerical control machining center tool change and machining process demonstration teaching aid is made up of a tool magazine part, a main shaft part, a workbench, a console, a milling cutter and a base plate, and is characterized in that: The tool magazine part is a disc-shaped gear, and four tool holders are mounted under it. The left side of the disc-shaped gear meshes with the worm A, and the worm A is connected with the left motor E. A switch F is installed under the motor E, and four The disc-shaped gear of the knife seat, the motor E, the worm A, and the switch F form a whole, which is installed on the hollow square sleeve; the hollow square sleeve is nested on the guide rail, and the left side is connected with the cylinder, which is installed on the guide rail On the left side, the cylinder is connected to the air pump; on the main shaft, the worm B is connected to the motor A; the worm slider is long, with a through hole on the left and right sides, two support rods pass through the left and right through holes respectively, and the worm slider Sliding on the two support rods, the left and right ends of the support rods are provided with switch A, switch B and switch C; They are respectively installed on the two worm sliders of worm E and worm C, the worm C is connected with the motor D, the other end of the worm C is connected with the external gear of the worm E with a chain; switch E and switch D are set at the part of the workbench stroke, Install the chuck, motor B and vise on the workbench, place four switches and light bulbs on the console; the tool is composed of a through-hole pyramid and a 3mm milling cutter, and the 3mm milling cutter passes through and is fixed on the through-hole four On the pyramid; the components mounted above the bottom plate are the pillar, switch E, worm E, console and worm C from left to right, and the pillar and the bottom plate are detachably connected.

The above-mentioned main shaft part is composed of conductive slip ring, hollow gear, gear, electromagnet, and grooved cylindrical sleeve. The hollow gear is nested in the mover part of the conductive slip ring. A sleeve is installed under the gear, an electromagnet is installed under the sleeve, and a grooved cylindrical sleeve is installed under the electromagnet; the stator part of the conductive slip ring and the motor F are installed on the worm slider, and the worm slider is nested on the worm B.

The above-mentioned tool magazine part is composed of a disc gear, a worm A, four tool holders arranged at a distance of 90 degrees, and a switch F. It is characterized in that four tool holders arranged at intervals of 90 degrees are placed on the disc-shaped gear, the disc-shaped gear is connected with the worm A, the worm A is connected with the motor E, the switch F and the tool holder are installed on the same horizontal plane, and the tool holder Contact occurs when turning.

The above-mentioned knife seat is composed of a large-diameter ring and a small-diameter ring, and is characterized in that a small magnet is nested in the small-diameter ring.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) through the cooperation of each travel switch and each electrical appliance, and through the programming of the single-chip microcomputer, the demonstration of each working process of the machining center is realized; (2) a square pyramid-shaped groove cylindrical sleeve is placed under the electromagnet The cylinder matches with the upper end of the tool, automatically centering, and drives the rotation of the tool during simulated processing; (3) The tool seat hits the travel switch when the tool magazine rotates to realize the accurate positioning of each milling tool when it reaches the tool change point; (4 ) A small magnet is nested in the small diameter ring of the tool holder, which solves the hysteresis problem after the electromagnet is powered off when the spindle puts the tool on the tool holder; .

Description of drawings:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tool change and machining process demonstration teaching aid of the numerical control machining center of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the main shaft part of the teaching aid.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the tool magazine part of the teaching aid.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the teaching aid knife seat.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the teaching aid tool.

In the figure: 1. Cylinder, 2. Hollow square sleeve, 3. Worm A, 4. Disc gear, 5. Knife seat, 6. Switch A, 7. Switch B, 8. Motor A, 9. Hollow gear , 10. Worm slider, 11. Switch C, 12. Conductive slip ring, 13. Sleeve, 14. Electromagnet, 15. Groove cylindrical sleeve, 16. Worm B, 17. Support rod, 18. Chuck , 19. Motor B, 20. Motor C, 21. Switch D, 22. Motor D, 23. Worm C, 24. Workbench, 25. Worm D, 26. Console, 27. Bulb, 28. Vice, 29. Chain, 30. Worm E, 31. Switch E, 32. Pillar, 33. Air pump, 34. Switch F, 35. Motor E, 36. Guide rail, 37. Gear, 38. Motor F, 39. Through hole four Pyramid, 40.3 mm milling cutter, 41. base plate, 5-1. large diameter ring, 5-2. small diameter ring.

detailed description:

1. Return to the origin: Press the switch a on the console 26, the motor A8 drives the worm B16 to rotate, the main shaft moves upwards driven by the worm slider 10, and stops after touching the travel switch B7. The workbench 24, under the action of the worm slider driven by the motor C20 and the motor D22, is limited by the travel switch D21 and the travel switch E31 to reach the origin position specified by the x and y axes, and the indicator light 27 on the console 26 lights up to realize Demonstration of the process of returning to the origin;

2. Tool clamping: press the switch b on the console 26, the air pump 33 starts, the tool magazine reaches the bottom of the main shaft driven by the cylinder 1, the worm A3 rotates under the drive of the motor E35, and drives the disc-shaped gear 4 to rotate, and the The tool to be clamped moves directly below the main shaft, the motor A8 drives the worm B16 to rotate, the main shaft moves downwards driven by the worm slider 10, stops after touching the travel switch A6, and reaches the tool change point of the machine tool. The grooved cylindrical sleeve 15 presses the through-hole quadrangular pyramid 39, the electromagnet 14 is energized, the main shaft moves upwards under the drive of the worm slider 10, and stops after touching the travel switch B7, and the main shaft rotates forward under the drive of the motor F38 to realize Clamping of tools;

3. Tool change: press the switch c on the console 26, the air pump 33 starts, the tool magazine reaches the bottom of the main shaft driven by the cylinder 1, the motor A8 drives the worm B16 to rotate, and the main shaft moves downward under the drive of the worm slider 10, Stop after touching the limit switch A6, power off the electromagnet 14, place the tool on the tool holder 5, the motor A8 drives the worm B16 to rotate, the main shaft moves upwards driven by the worm slider 10, and touches the limit switch B7 Stop, the worm A3 rotates under the drive of the motor E35, drives the tool magazine to rotate, and moves the tool to be clamped directly below the main shaft, the motor A8 drives the worm B16 to rotate, and the main shaft moves downward under the drive of the worm slider 10, touching Stop after the travel switch A6, and reach the tool change point of the machine tool, the square pyramid groove cylindrical sleeve 15 presses the through hole square pyramid 39, the electromagnet 14 is energized, the main shaft moves upward under the drive of the worm slider 10, and touches the Stop after the stroke switch B7, the main shaft is driven by the motor F38 to rotate forward, the air pump 33 is started in the reverse direction, and the tool magazine returns to the original position driven by the cylinder 1 to realize the tool change process;

4. Simulated processing: Press the switch d on the console 26, the main shaft rotates forward, through the control of the motor A8 of the main shaft screw, the control of the motor B19 of the chuck 18, the control of the motor C20 and the motor D22 of the worktable screw B25 and the screw C23 and the Each limit switch realizes four-axis linkage simulation processing.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of CNC machining center tool change and machining process demonstration teaching aid is made up of tool magazine part, main shaft part, workbench, console, milling cutter and base plate, is characterized in that: tool magazine part, in disc-shaped gear ( 4) Four tool holders (5) are mounted on the bottom, the left side of the disk-shaped gear (4) meshes with the worm A (3), the worm A (3) is connected with the left motor E (35), and the motor E (35 ) is installed below the switch F (34), and the disc-shaped gear (4), motor E (35), worm A (3), and switch F (34) that carry four tool holders (5) form a whole. On the hollow square sleeve (2); the hollow square sleeve (2) is nested on the guide rail (36), the left side of the hollow square sleeve (2) is connected with the cylinder (1), and the cylinder (1) is placed on the guide rail ( 36) On the left side, the cylinder (1) is connected with the air motor (33); on the main shaft part, the worm B (16) is connected with the motor A (8); A through hole, two support rods (17) pass through the left and right through holes respectively, the worm slider (10) slides on the two support rods (17), and the left and right ends of the support rod (17) are provided with switches A (6), Switch B (7) and switch C (11); the workbench (24) is placed on the worm slider mechanism, the worm D (25) is connected with the motor C (20), and the left and right sides of the worm slider mechanism and the motor C (20) The two ends of the worm E (30) and worm C (23) are respectively placed on the two worm sliders, the worm C (23) is connected to the motor D (22), and the other end of the worm C (23) is connected to the worm E (30) The external gear is connected with a chain (29); a switch E (31) and a switch D (21) are set at the part of the workbench (24) stroke, and the chuck (18), motor B (19) and Vise (28), four switches a, b, c, d and light bulb (27) are placed on the console (26); Cutter is made up of through-hole quadrangular pyramid (39) and 3 millimeters milling cutter (40), 3 millimeters The milling cutter (40) passes through and is fixed on the quadrangular pyramid (39) of the through hole; Platform (26) and worm screw C (23), pillar (32) and base plate (41) are detachably connected. 2. The CNC machining center tool change and machining process demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the main shaft part is made of a conductive slip ring (12), a hollow gear (9), a pinion (37), an electromagnetic iron (14), grooved cylindrical sleeve (15), the hollow gear (9) is nested in the mover part of the conductive slip ring (12), the hollow gear (9) is connected with the pinion (37), and the pinion ( 37) Connect with the motor F (38), place the long straight cylindrical sleeve (13) below the hollow gear (9), place the electromagnet (14) below the long straight cylindrical sleeve (13), and place the electromagnet (14) below The groove cylindrical sleeve (15); the conductive slip ring (12) stator part and the motor F (38) are installed on the worm slider (10), and the worm slider (10) is nested on the worm B (16). 3. The CNC machining center tool change and machining process demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tool magazine part is composed of a disc-shaped gear (4), a worm screw A (3), and four spacings of 90 degrees Arranged knife seat (5), composed of travel switch F (34), four knife seats (5) arranged at 90 degrees apart are placed on the disc-shaped gear (4), and the disc-shaped gear (4) and worm A ( 3) Connection, the worm screw A (3) is connected with the motor E (35), and the switch F (34) is installed on the same level as the knife seat (5). 4. The CNC machining center tool change and machining process demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tool seat (5) is composed of a large-diameter ring (5-1), a small-diameter ring (5-2 ) constitutes, and the small magnet is nested in the small diameter ring (5-2).