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CN104584723A - Winter ridging fertilizer distributor for honeysuckles - Google Patents

Winter ridging fertilizer distributor for honeysuckles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104584723A
CN104584723A CN201510006341.4A CN201510006341A CN104584723A CN 104584723 A CN104584723 A CN 104584723A CN 201510006341 A CN201510006341 A CN 201510006341A CN 104584723 A CN104584723 A CN 104584723A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
disc
ditching
frame
tractor
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Granted
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CN201510006341.4A
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CN104584723B (en
Inventor
郭志东
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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  • Fertilizing (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种金银花冬季培土施肥机,包括拖拉机、培土圆盘、开沟圆盘、肥箱、调深机构和覆土器,机架与拖拉机上设置的牵引杆和升降杆联接,在机架上设有调深机构,调深机构是由手柄、螺杆和内螺纹套管,在螺杆一端分别连接培土圆盘和开沟圆盘,培土圆盘和开沟圆盘成呈月牙形且成对安装,螺杆贯穿内螺纹套管,手柄转动,螺杆在内螺纹套管中转动,螺杆沿铅垂方向运动,带动覆土圆盘和开沟圆盘运动,肥箱安装在机架上,排肥管一端固定在肥箱的底部的外表面上,另一端位于开沟圆盘之间,田间作业时,拖拉机牵引机架前进,相向安装的覆土圆盘转动,将土抛向金银花根部,开沟圆盘开沟,肥料进入沟内,覆土器覆土填平沟内。

The invention provides a honeysuckle winter cultivating and fertilizing machine, which comprises a tractor, a soil cultivating disc, a ditching disc, a fertilizer box, a depth adjustment mechanism and a soil covering device, and the frame is connected with the traction rod and the lifting rod provided on the tractor. There is a depth-adjusting mechanism on the top. The depth-adjusting mechanism is composed of a handle, a screw rod and an internal thread sleeve. One end of the screw rod is respectively connected with a soil-building disc and a ditching disc. The soil-building disc and the ditching disc form a crescent shape and are in pairs Installation, the screw goes through the inner threaded casing, the handle rotates, the screw rotates in the inner threaded casing, the screw moves in the vertical direction, drives the movement of the soil covering disc and the ditching disc, the fertilizer box is installed on the frame, and the fertilizer discharge pipe One end is fixed on the outer surface of the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the other end is located between the ditching discs. When working in the field, the tractor pulls the frame forward, and the oppositely installed soil-covering discs rotate to throw the soil to the roots of the honeysuckle, and the ditching circle Ditch the tray, fertilizer enters the ditch, and the overburden device fills the ditch with soil.

Description

一种金银花冬季培土施肥机A honeysuckle planting and fertilizing machine in winter

技术领域 technical field

本发明提供一种金银花冬季培土施肥机,属于农业机械技术领域。 The invention provides a honeysuckle winter cultivating and fertilizing machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

背景技术 Background technique

每年冬季金银花修剪后,需要进行中耕培土,将残枝和落叶进行覆盖,掩埋落叶所带的病虫病株,结合深翻增施复合肥和有机肥,这种多工序的中耕培土、掩埋落叶以及追施复合肥料全都采用人工用铁锨培土、挖沟施肥、人工覆土整平、喷药,工序繁杂,劳动强度大,效率低,成本高。 After the honeysuckle is pruned every winter, it is necessary to carry out cultivating and cultivating the soil, covering the residual branches and fallen leaves, burying the diseased plants caused by the fallen leaves, and combining with deep plowing to increase the application of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer. And the topdressing of compound fertilizers all adopts manual shoveling, digging trenches for fertilization, artificial covering and leveling, and spraying. The procedures are complicated, labor-intensive, low in efficiency, and high in cost.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种金银花冬季培土施肥机,在机架上两端设置培土圆盘,培土圆盘在动力的带动下旋转,土壤颗粒被抛洒到金银花树木根部,结合喷洒杀虫剂和杀菌剂,开沟圆盘开沟将土抛向两边,复合肥料和浓缩的有机肥料进入沟槽内,覆土器覆土填埋。 The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of honeysuckle planting and fertilizing machine in winter. The two ends of the frame are provided with soil-cultivating discs, which rotate under the drive of power, and the soil particles are thrown to the roots of honeysuckle trees, combined with spraying pesticides and Fungicide, ditching disc ditching throws the soil to both sides, compound fertilizer and concentrated organic fertilizer enters the ditch, and the overburden device covers the soil for landfill.

其技术方案为。 Its technical scheme is.

 一种金银花冬季培土施肥机,包括拖拉机、培土圆盘、开沟圆盘、肥箱、调深机构和覆土器,拖拉机上设置的牵引杆和升降杆与机架联接,牵引杆在田间作业时将拖拉机的动力传递给机架,带动机架上的各个部件工作,升降杆在运输状态下将机架升起,在田间作业时将机架下降,牵引杆和升降杆分别设有拉力传感器,在显示屏上实时显示作业时的阻力以及拖拉机的功耗,出现异常状况时报警及时停机检查,在每个作业部件设置拉力传感器,显示其在土壤中的阻力值,作业时,拖拉机的功耗突然变大,拖拉机上设置的控制系统会自动报警,显示异常,需及时停止作业检查,在机架上设有调深机构,调深机构是由手柄、 螺杆和内螺纹套管,螺杆旋转贯穿内螺纹套管,螺杆一端设有手柄,螺杆另一端分别与培土圆盘和开沟圆盘联接,培土圆盘和开沟圆盘呈月牙形且成对安装,月牙形凸起面的切线与过中心孔垂线之间的夹角在10~15度,阻力最小,取土和容土量大,月牙形的培土圆盘和开沟圆盘凸起面相向安装,培土圆盘位于机架两端,在机架位置可调,培土圆盘抛起的土抛向金银花的根部,冬季金银花培土掩埋金银花枝条以及树叶上所带的病菌和虫卵,结合喷洒杀虫剂和杀菌剂,树叶和枝条腐烂后是很好的有机肥料,培土保护金银花的根部在冬季免遭冻害,提高地温,促进根系发育,为来年更好地生长发育打下良好的基础,月牙形的培土圆盘覆土量大,效果好,培土圆盘旋转运动,在土壤中阻力小,节省油耗,开沟圆盘位于机架的中间,在机架位置可调,田间作业时,开沟圆盘位于金银花种植行的中间位置,月牙形的开沟圆盘将金银花两种植行中间位置的土取出,出现一定宽度的深沟,沟的宽度由两开沟圆盘的安装位置所确定,拖拉机内安装智能系统,在机架上安装同位素式土壤养分速测仪,快速测量土壤的N、P、K主要养分含量值,与数据库中该生长期中所需养分值比对,由控制系统控制电机转速,实现变量施肥,排肥量由槽轮控制,金银花的树龄大,施肥量大,肥料以复合肥料和有机肥为主,附加增施金银花所需的微量元素肥料,冬季追肥与金银花生长期追肥不同,冬季追肥以培养地力为主,生长期追肥以速效肥为主,根据树龄的大小选择培土圆盘和开沟圆盘的大小,树龄大,施肥深,旋转时,土壤颗粒沿着圆盘的弧形曲面运动,受到离心力的作用土壤颗粒被培土圆盘和开沟圆盘抛出,手柄转动,螺杆在内螺纹套管中转动,螺杆沿铅垂方向运动,带动培土圆盘和开沟圆盘沿铅垂方向运动,调节培土圆盘和开沟圆盘入土深度,入土越深,从土壤中取土量越多,开沟越深,肥箱安装在机架上,在肥箱的底部的外表面上设有槽轮排肥控制器,排肥管与外槽轮排肥控制器连接,排肥管另一端位于开沟圆盘之间,肥料落入开沟圆盘所开的沟内,固定安装在机架上的覆土器从地表面取土填平开沟圆盘所开的沟,防止肥料的养分散失,在机架设置镇压轮,压实开沟的条带,培土圆盘和开沟圆盘在土壤中作业的阻力特别大,为了减少阻力,节约能耗,培土圆盘和开沟圆盘需要特殊处理,需要渗氮处理,提高硬度,培土圆盘和开沟圆盘表面进行像蚯蚓表皮一样进行仿生处理,减小摩擦系数,防止土壤颗粒的粘附,其它形式的圆盘没有此功能,不能只看表象,要看本质,不能简单的代替,此外,农业机械专一性强,专机专用,没有通用性,更没有可比性,更不能拿某一个部件甚至是其它一个设备与该文件对比,部分不能代替整体,同一设备在不同的使用环境下,产生的效果不同,更何况是不同设备,即使是相同的部件,不同的组合方式,所产生的的使用效果也不同,任何的比较要有可比性,更不能拿其中的犁和覆土圆盘与之比较,没有可比性。 A honeysuckle winter cultivating and fertilizing machine, including a tractor, a soil cultivating disc, a ditching disc, a fertilizer box, a depth adjustment mechanism and a soil covering device. The traction rod and the lifting rod arranged on the tractor are connected with the frame. When the traction rod is working in the field The power of the tractor is transmitted to the frame to drive the various components on the frame to work. The lifting rod raises the frame in the transportation state, and lowers the frame during field work. The traction rod and the lifting rod are respectively equipped with tension sensors. The resistance during operation and the power consumption of the tractor are displayed on the display screen in real time. When an abnormal situation occurs, the alarm will be stopped in time for inspection. A tension sensor is installed on each operation part to display its resistance value in the soil. During operation, the power consumption of the tractor If it suddenly becomes larger, the control system set on the tractor will automatically alarm and display abnormalities, and the operation needs to be stopped in time for inspection. There is a depth adjustment mechanism on the frame. Internally threaded casing, one end of the screw is provided with a handle, and the other end of the screw is respectively connected with the earthing disk and the ditching disk, the earthing disk and the ditching disk are crescent-shaped and installed in pairs, the tangent of the crescent-shaped convex surface The included angle between the vertical lines passing through the center hole is 10-15 degrees, the resistance is the smallest, and the soil fetching and soil holding capacity is large. At both ends, the position of the frame can be adjusted, and the soil raised by the earthen disc is thrown to the roots of the honeysuckle, and the honeysuckle is earthed up in winter to bury the germs and eggs on the branches and leaves of the honeysuckle, combined with the spraying of insecticides and fungicides , the leaves and branches are good organic fertilizers after they rot. The soil is used to protect the roots of honeysuckle from freezing in winter, increase the ground temperature, promote root development, and lay a good foundation for better growth and development in the coming year. The crescent-shaped soil disk is covered with soil Large amount, good effect, the soil cultivation disc rotates, the resistance in the soil is small, and fuel consumption is saved. The ditching disc is located in the middle of the frame, and the position of the rack is adjustable. When working in the field, the ditching disc is located in the honeysuckle planting row The crescent-shaped ditching disc takes out the soil in the middle of the two plantings of honeysuckle, forming a deep ditch with a certain width. The width of the ditch is determined by the installation position of the two ditching discs. An intelligent system is installed in the tractor. Install an isotopic soil nutrient rapid measuring instrument on the frame to quickly measure the main nutrient content values of N, P, and K in the soil, and compare them with the nutrient values required in the growth period in the database. The control system controls the motor speed to achieve Variable fertilization, the amount of fertilizer discharge is controlled by the groove wheel. The age of honeysuckle is large, and the amount of fertilizer is large. The fertilizer is mainly compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and the trace element fertilizer required by honeysuckle is added. The topdressing in winter is different from the topdressing in the growth period of honeysuckle. The topdressing in winter is mainly to cultivate soil fertility, and the topdressing in the growth period is mainly quick-acting fertilizer. The size of the earthing disc and the ditching disc are selected according to the age of the tree. The older the tree is, the deeper the fertilization is. When rotating, the soil particles follow the arc of the disc. The surface moves on a curved surface, and the soil particles are thrown out by the soil cultivation disc and the ditching disc under the action of centrifugal force. When the handle is turned, the screw rotates in the inner threaded casing, and the screw moves in the vertical direction, driving the soil cultivation disc and the ditching disc. Move along the vertical direction to adjust the penetration depth of the soil cultivation disc and the ditching disc The deeper the soil is, the more soil is taken from the soil, and the deeper the ditch is. The fertilizer box is installed on the frame, and the outer surface of the bottom of the fertilizer box is equipped with a groove wheel fertilizer controller. The outer grooved wheel is connected to the fertilizer discharge controller, and the other end of the fertilizer discharge pipe is located between the ditching discs. The fertilizer falls into the ditch opened by the ditching discs, and the soil cover fixed on the frame is filled with soil from the ground surface. The ditch opened by the flat ditching disc prevents the loss of nutrients in the fertilizer. Set the pressure wheel on the frame to compact the ditching strip. The resistance of the soil cultivation disc and the ditching disc in the soil is particularly large. In order to reduce Resistance, saving energy consumption, soil cultivation discs and ditching discs need special treatment, need nitriding treatment to improve hardness, soil cultivation discs and ditching discs are treated with bionic treatment like earthworm skin to reduce friction coefficient and prevent Adhesion of soil particles, other forms of discs do not have this function, not just look at the appearance, but look at the essence, and cannot be simply replaced. In addition, agricultural machinery is highly specific, dedicated to special machines, has no versatility, and is not comparable. You can’t compare a certain part or even another device with this file. Parts cannot replace the whole. The same device produces different effects in different environments, not to mention different devices, even the same parts, different combinations The methods and the resulting effects are also different. Any comparison must be comparable, let alone compare the plow and the earth-covering disc. There is no comparability.

本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下优点。 Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.

1、现有金银花冬季培土、开沟、施肥、喷药采用人工,工序繁杂,而金银花冬季培土施肥机一次完成所有的工序,作业速度快,效率高。 1. The existing honeysuckle winter soil cultivation, ditching, fertilization, and spraying are manual, and the process is complicated. However, the honeysuckle winter soil cultivation and fertilization machine completes all the processes at one time, with fast operation speed and high efficiency.

2、培土圆盘和开沟圆盘采用弧形,旋转运动,在土壤中阻力小,比用犁以及开沟铲节能效果明显。 2. The discs for cultivating soil and ditching discs are arc-shaped and rotate in motion, so they have less resistance in the soil, which is more energy-saving than plows and ditching shovels.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例的主视结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

其中图中: 1、拖拉机   2、培土圆盘   3、排肥管   4、开沟圆盘    5、覆土器  6、机架   7、肥箱   8、手柄   9、螺杆   10、内螺纹套管  11、升降杆  12、牵引杆。 In the figure: 1. Tractor 2. Cultivation disc 3. Fertilizer discharge pipe 4. Ditching disc 5. Coverer 6. Rack 7. Fertilizer box 8. Handle 9. Screw 10. Internal thread casing 11. Lifting Rod 12, draw bar.

 具体实施方式。 Detailed ways.

在1所示的实施例中, 一种金银花冬季培土施肥机,包括拖拉机1、培土圆盘2、开沟圆盘4、肥箱7、调深机构和覆土器5,拖拉机1上设置的牵引杆12和升降杆11与机架6联接,牵引杆12在田间作业时将拖拉机1的动力传递给机架6,带动机架6上的各个部件工作,培土圆盘2、开沟圆盘4、覆土器5和镇压轮工作,升降杆11在运输状态下将机架6升起,在田间作业时将机架6下降,在机架6上设有调深机构, 调深机构是由手柄8、 螺杆9和内螺纹套管10,螺杆9旋转贯穿内螺纹套管10,螺杆9一端设有手柄8,螺杆9另一端分别与培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4联接,培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4呈月牙形且成对安装,月牙形的培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4凸起面相向安装,培土圆盘2位于机架6两端,在机架6位置可调,培土圆盘2抛起的土抛向金银花的根部,冬季金银花培土掩埋金银花枝条以及树叶上所带的病菌和虫卵,结合杀虫剂和杀菌剂的喷洒,树叶和枝条腐烂后是很好的有机肥料,培土保护金银花的根部在冬季免遭冻害,提高地温,促进根系发育,为来年更好地生长发育打下良好的基础,月牙形的培土圆盘2覆土量大,效果好,培土圆盘2旋转运动,在土壤中阻力小,节省油耗,开沟圆盘4位于机架的中间,在机架位置可调,培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4呈月牙形且成对安装,月牙形的培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4凸起面相向安装,旋转时,土壤颗粒沿着圆盘的弧形曲面运动,受到离心力得作用土壤颗粒被培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4抛出,手柄8转动,螺杆9在内螺纹套管10中转动,螺杆9沿铅垂方向运动,带动培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4沿铅垂方向运动,调节培土圆盘2和入土深度,入土越深,从土壤中取土量越多,开沟越深,取土量大,肥箱7安装在机架6上,在肥箱7的底部的外表面上设有排肥管3,在肥箱7的底部的外表面上设有槽轮排肥控制器,排肥管3与外槽轮排肥控制器连接排肥管3另一端位于开沟圆盘4之间,肥料落入开沟圆盘4所开的沟内,固定安装在机架6上的覆土器5从地表面取土填平开沟圆盘4所开的沟,镇压轮压实,作业前,根据金银花的种植行距、树龄,调整培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4在机架6上的安装位置,调整培土圆盘2和开沟圆盘4的深度后,再进行作业。 In the embodiment shown in 1, a kind of honeysuckle winter cultivating and fertilizing machine includes a tractor 1, a soil cultivating disc 2, a ditching disc 4, a fertilizer box 7, a depth adjustment mechanism and a soil covering device 5, and the traction machine provided on the tractor 1 The rod 12 and the elevating rod 11 are connected with the frame 6, and the draw rod 12 transmits the power of the tractor 1 to the frame 6 when working in the field, and drives each component on the frame 6 to work. , the cover device 5 and the pressing wheel work, the lifting rod 11 raises the frame 6 in the transport state, and lowers the frame 6 when working in the field, and the frame 6 is provided with a depth-adjusting mechanism, which is controlled by a handle 8. The screw 9 and the internally threaded casing 10, the screw 9 rotates through the internally threaded casing 10, one end of the screw 9 is provided with a handle 8, the other end of the screw 9 is respectively connected with the embedding disc 2 and the ditching disc 4, and the embedding disc 2 and the ditching disc 4 are crescent-shaped and are installed in pairs, and the crescent-shaped embedding disc 2 and the raised surface of the ditching disc 4 are installed oppositely. Adjustable, the soil raised by the soil cultivation disc 2 is thrown to the roots of honeysuckle, and the honeysuckle soil is buried in the honeysuckle branches and the germs and insect eggs on the leaves in winter. Combined with the spraying of insecticides and fungicides, the leaves and branches rot The last is a very good organic fertilizer, which protects the roots of honeysuckle from freezing in winter, increases the ground temperature, promotes root development, and lays a good foundation for better growth and development in the coming year. Well, the earth-building disk 2 rotates, and the resistance in the soil is small, which saves fuel consumption. The ditching disk 4 is located in the middle of the frame, and the position of the frame is adjustable. The soil-raising disk 2 and the ditching disk 4 are crescent-shaped and Installed in pairs, the crescent-shaped earthing disk 2 and the ditching disk 4 are installed facing each other. When rotating, the soil particles move along the arc-shaped surface of the disk, and the soil particles are moved by the earthing disk 2 and the grooved disk 4 under the action of centrifugal force. The ditching disc 4 is thrown out, the handle 8 is rotated, the screw 9 is rotated in the internally threaded casing 10, the screw 9 moves in the vertical direction, and drives the earthing disc 2 and the ditching disc 4 to move in the vertical direction to adjust the earthing Disc 2 and soil depth, the deeper the soil, the more the amount of soil taken from the soil, the deeper the ditch, the larger the amount of soil taken, the fertilizer box 7 is installed on the frame 6, on the outer surface of the bottom of the fertilizer box 7 A fertilizer discharge pipe 3 is provided, and a sheave fertilizer discharge controller is provided on the outer surface of the bottom of the fertilizer box 7. The fertilizer discharge pipe 3 is connected to the outer groove wheel fertilizer discharge controller, and the other end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 3 is located on the ditching disc 4, the fertilizer falls into the ditch opened by the ditching disc 4, and the soil covering device 5 fixedly installed on the frame 6 takes soil from the ground surface to fill up the ditch opened by the ditching disc 4, and the pressing wheel compacts it. , before the operation, according to the planting row spacing and tree age of honeysuckle, adjust the installation position of the earth-building disc 2 and the ditching disc 4 on the frame 6, adjust the depth of the earth-building disc 2 and the ditching disc 4, and then carry out the operation .

以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明型的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明型技术方案的保护范围。 The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify the equivalent of equivalent changes. Embodiments, as long as they do not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1.一种金银花冬季培土施肥机,包括拖拉机(1)、培土圆盘(2)、开沟圆盘(4)、肥箱(7)、调深机构和覆土器(5),在拖拉机(1)上设置的牵引杆(12)和升降杆(11)与机架(6)联接,牵引杆(12)在田间作业时将拖拉机(1)的动力传递给机架(6),带动机架(6)上的各个部件工作,牵引杆(12)和升降杆(11)分别设有拉力传感器,在显示屏上实时显示作业时的阻力以及拖拉机的功耗,每个作业部件设置拉力传感器,显示在土壤中的阻力值,升降杆(11)在运输状态下将机架(6)升起,在田间作业时,机架(6)下降,在机架(6)上设有调深机构, 调深机构是由手柄(8)、螺杆(9)和内螺纹套管(10)组成,螺杆(9)旋转贯穿内螺纹套管(10)中,螺杆(9)一端设有手柄(8),螺杆(9)另一端与培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)联接,培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)呈月牙形且成对安装,月牙形凸起面的切线与过中心孔垂线之间的夹角在10~15度,月牙形的培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)凸起面相向安装,土壤颗粒沿着培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)圆盘的弧形曲面运动,受到离心力的作用土壤颗粒由培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)抛出,手柄(8)转动带动螺杆(9)在内螺纹套管(10)中转动,螺杆(9)沿铅垂方向运动,带动培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)沿铅垂方向运动,调节培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)入土深度,入土越深,从土壤中取土量越多,开沟越深,肥箱(7)安装在机架(6)上,在肥箱(7)的底部的外表面上设有排肥管(3),排肥管(3)另一端位于两开沟圆盘(4)之间,肥料落入开沟圆盘(4)所开的沟内,拖拉机(1)内安装智能系统,在机架(6)上安装土壤养分速测仪,快速测量土壤的N、P、K主要养分含量值,与数据库中该生长期中所需养分值比对,由控制系统控制电机转速,实现变量施肥,固定安装在机架(6)上的覆土器(5)从地表面取土填平开沟圆盘(4)所开的沟,为了减少阻力,节约能耗,培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)需要渗氮处理,提高硬度,培土圆盘(2)和开沟圆盘(4)表面进行像蚯蚓表皮一样进行仿生处理,减小摩擦,防止土壤颗粒粘附。 1. A honeysuckle winter cultivating and fertilizing machine, including a tractor (1), a cultivating disc (2), a ditching disc (4), a fertilizer box (7), a depth adjustment mechanism and a soil covering device (5), in the tractor ( 1) The draw bar (12) and lifting bar (11) set on the top are connected with the frame (6), and the draw bar (12) transmits the power of the tractor (1) to the frame (6) when working in the field, driving the tractor Each component on the frame (6) is working. The traction rod (12) and the elevating rod (11) are equipped with tension sensors respectively, and the resistance during operation and the power consumption of the tractor are displayed on the display screen in real time. Each operating component is equipped with a tension sensor. , shows the resistance value in the soil, the lifting rod (11) raises the frame (6) in the transport state, and lowers the frame (6) when working in the field, and the depth adjustment is provided on the frame (6) mechanism, the depth adjustment mechanism is composed of a handle (8), a screw (9) and an internally threaded sleeve (10), the screw (9) rotates through the internally threaded sleeve (10), and one end of the screw (9) is provided with a handle ( 8), the other end of the screw rod (9) is connected with the earthing disk (2) and the ditching disk (4), the earthing disk (2) and the ditching disk (4) are crescent-shaped and installed in pairs, crescent-shaped The angle between the tangent of the convex surface and the vertical line passing through the center hole is 10-15 degrees, the crescent-shaped earth-building disk (2) and the ditching disk (4) are installed facing each other on the convex surface, and the soil particles follow the earth-building The disc (2) and the ditching disc (4) move on an arc-shaped surface, and the soil particles are thrown out by the earthing disc (2) and the ditching disc (4) under the action of centrifugal force, and the handle (8) rotates Drive the screw (9) to rotate in the internally threaded casing (10), the screw (9) moves in the vertical direction, drives the earthing disc (2) and the ditching disc (4) to move in the vertical direction, and adjusts the earthing circle The depth of the disc (2) and the ditching disc (4) into the soil, the deeper the soil, the more soil will be taken from the soil, and the deeper the ditch will be. The fertilizer box (7) is installed on the frame (6). The outer surface of the bottom of (7) is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe (3), and the other end of the fertilizer discharge pipe (3) is located between the two ditching discs (4), and the fertilizer falls into the opening of the ditching discs (4). In the ditch, an intelligent system is installed in the tractor (1), and a soil nutrient rapid measuring instrument is installed on the frame (6) to quickly measure the main nutrient content values of N, P, and K in the soil, which are consistent with those required in the growth period in the database. Nutrient value comparison, the motor speed is controlled by the control system to realize variable fertilization, and the soil covering device (5) fixedly installed on the frame (6) takes soil from the ground surface to fill the ditch opened by the ditching disc (4) , in order to reduce resistance and save energy consumption, the earthing disc (2) and the ditching disc (4) need nitriding treatment to improve the hardness, and the surface of the earthing disc (2) and the ditching disc (4) is treated like an earthworm skin The bionic treatment is also carried out to reduce friction and prevent soil particles from adhering.
CN201510006341.4A 2015-01-07 2015-01-07 A kind of honeysuckle to be earthed up fertilizer distributor winter Expired - Fee Related CN104584723B (en)

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