CN104583331A - 热塑性树脂组合物、树脂成型品和带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法 - Google Patents
热塑性树脂组合物、树脂成型品和带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104583331A CN104583331A CN201380043359.0A CN201380043359A CN104583331A CN 104583331 A CN104583331 A CN 104583331A CN 201380043359 A CN201380043359 A CN 201380043359A CN 104583331 A CN104583331 A CN 104583331A
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Classifications
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- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/265—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids from at least two different diamines or at least two different dicarboxylic acids
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
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- C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L53/02—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
本发明提供维持在制成树脂成型品时的镀覆特性且机械强度优异的热塑性树脂成型品。一种热塑性树脂组合物,其包含:热塑性树脂、相对于热塑性树脂100重量份为1~30重量份的激光直接成型添加剂以及10~200重量份的玻璃纤维,玻璃纤维包含SiO2和Al2O3,且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及热塑性树脂组合物。进而,涉及将该热塑性树脂组合物成型而成的树脂成型品以及在该树脂成型品的表面形成有镀层的带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着包括智能手机在内的移动电话的开发,正在研究各种在移动电话的内部制造天线的方法。尤其是,对于移动电话而言,要求制造能够进行三维设计的天线的方法。作为形成这样的三维天线的技术之一,激光直接成型(以下,有时称为“LDS”)技术受到瞩目。LDS技术为下述技术:例如,对包含LDS添加剂的树脂成型品的表面照射激光,仅使照射了激光的部分活化,并对该活化的部分适用金属,由此形成镀层。该技术的特征在于不使用粘接剂等而能够在树脂基材表面直接制造天线等金属结构体。该LDS技术例如公开于专利文献1~3等。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特表2000-503817号公报
专利文献2:日本特表2004-534408号公报
专利文献3:国际公开WO2009/141800号小册子
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
针对将热塑性树脂组合物成型而成的成型品,也要求机械强度的提高。针对向热塑性树脂中配混了LDS添加剂的树脂组合物也是同样的。
本发明的目的在于解决所述现有技术的问题点,其目的在于,提供维持在制成树脂成型品时的镀覆特性、且所得树脂成型品的机械强度优异的热塑性树脂组合物。
用于解决问题的方案
基于所述状况,本发明人进行了深入研究,结果发现:通过将包含SiO2和Al2O3、且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3的玻璃纤维作为LDS添加剂而配混至热塑性树脂中,能够解决上述课题,从而完成了本发明。具体而言,通过以下的手段<1>、优选通过<2>~<14>来解决上述课题。
<1>一种热塑性树脂组合物,其包含:热塑性树脂、相对于该热塑性树脂100重量份为1~30重量份的激光直接成型添加剂以及10~200重量份的玻璃纤维,该玻璃纤维包含SiO2和Al2O3,且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3。
<2>根据<1>所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,前述激光直接成型添加剂的莫氏硬度为5.5以上。
<3>根据<1>或<2>所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,前述激光直接成型添加剂包含铜铬氧化物。
<4>根据<1>或<2>所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,前述激光直接成型添加剂是包含锑和锡的金属氧化物。
<5>根据<1>~<4>中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,前述玻璃纤维的拉伸弹性模量为80GPa以上。
<6>根据<1>~<5>中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,前述玻璃纤维为S玻璃。
<7>根据<1>~<6>中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,前述热塑性树脂为聚酰胺树脂。
<8>一种树脂成型品,其是将<1>~<7>中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物成型而成的。
<9>根据<8>所述的树脂成型品,其还在表面具有镀层。
<10>根据<8>或<9>所述的树脂成型品,其为便携式电子设备部件。
<11>根据<9>或<10>所述的树脂成型品,其中,前述镀层具有作为天线的性能。
<12>一种带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法,其包括:对将<1>~<7>中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物成型而成的树脂成型品的表面照射激光后,利用金属形成镀层。
<13>根据<12>所述的带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法,其中,前述镀层为铜镀层。
<14>一种具有天线的便携式电子设备部件的制造方法,其包括<12>或<13>所述的带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法。
发明的效果
根据本发明,能够提供维持在制成树脂成型品时的镀覆特性、且机械强度优异的热塑性树脂成型品。
附图说明
图1是示出在树脂成型品的表面设置镀层的工序的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的内容进行详细说明。需要说明的是,本申请说明书中,“~”是以包含其前后所记载的数值作为下限值和上限值的含义使用。
<热塑性树脂组合物>
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的特征在于,其包含热塑性树脂、相对于热塑性树脂100重量份为1~30重量份的LDS添加剂、以及10~200重量份的玻璃纤维,玻璃纤维包含SiO2和Al2O3,且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3。
<热塑性树脂>
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物包含热塑性树脂。热塑性树脂的种类没有特别限定,例如可列举出聚碳酸酯树脂、聚苯醚树脂与聚苯乙烯系树脂的合金、聚苯醚树脂与聚酰胺树脂的合金、热塑性聚酯树脂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚树脂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯/苯乙烯共聚树脂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂、橡胶强化甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂、聚缩醛树脂、聚乳酸系树脂、聚烯烃树脂等。
本发明中,优选使用聚酰胺树脂、热塑性聚酯树脂,进一步优选为聚酰胺树脂。热塑性树脂可以仅使用一种,也可以组合使用两种以上。
聚酰胺树脂是在其分子中具有酰胺基(-CONH-)且能够加热熔融的聚酰胺聚合物。具体而言,为内酰胺的缩聚物、二胺化合物与二羧酸化合物的缩聚物、ω-氨基羧酸的缩聚物等各种聚酰胺树脂;或者它们的共聚聚酰胺树脂、共混物等。
作为聚酰胺树脂的缩聚原料即内酰胺,例如可列举出ε-己内酰胺、ω-十一内酰胺等。
作为二胺化合物,例如可列举出四亚甲基二胺、六亚甲基二胺、十一亚甲基二胺、十二亚甲基二胺、2-甲基五亚甲基二胺、(2,2,4-或2,4,4-)三甲基六亚甲基二胺、5-甲基九亚甲基二胺、间苯二甲胺(MXDA)、对苯二甲胺、1,3-双(氨基甲基)环己烷、1,4-双(氨基甲基)环己烷、1-氨基-3-氨基甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己烷、双(4-氨基环己基)甲烷、双(3-甲基-4-氨基环己基)甲烷、2,2-双(4-氨基环己基)丙烷、双(氨基丙基)哌嗪、氨基乙基哌嗪等脂肪族、脂环式、芳香族的二胺等。
作为二羧酸化合物,例如可列举出己二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷二酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、2-氯代对苯二甲酸、2-甲基对苯二甲酸、5-甲基间苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸-5-磺酸钠、六氢对苯二甲酸、六氢间苯二甲酸等脂肪族、脂环式、芳香族的二羧酸等。
作为ω-氨基羧酸,例如可列举出6-氨基己酸、11-氨基十一烷酸、12-氨基十二烷酸、对氨基甲基苯甲酸等氨基酸。
作为由这些原料缩聚而成的聚酰胺树脂的具体例,可列举出聚酰胺4、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12、聚酰胺46、聚酰胺66、聚酰胺610、聚酰胺612、聚对苯二甲酰己二胺(聚酰胺6T)、聚间苯二甲酰己二胺(聚酰胺6I)、聚己二酰间苯二甲胺(聚酰胺MXD6)、聚十二酰间苯二甲胺、聚酰胺9T、聚酰胺9MT等。本发明中,可以分别单独使用或者以混合物的形式使用这些聚酰胺均聚物或共聚物。
在上述那样的聚酰胺树脂之中,从成型性、耐热性的观点出发,更优选使用聚酰胺6、聚酰胺66、或者由α,ω-直链脂肪族二元酸与苯二甲胺缩聚得到的苯二甲胺系聚酰胺树脂(MX尼龙)。这些之中,从耐热性、阻燃性的观点出发,进一步优选为MX尼龙。另外,聚酰胺树脂为混合物时,聚酰胺树脂中的MX尼龙的比率优选为50重量%以上,更优选为80重量%以上。
MX尼龙与聚酰胺66、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺46、聚酰胺9T等脂肪族系聚酰胺树脂相比,结晶化速度略慢,因此在使用MX尼龙的情况下,为了缩短成型周期,优选向MX尼龙中配混脂肪族系聚酰胺树脂来使用。作为出于缩短成型周期的目的而配混时使用的脂肪族系聚酰胺树脂,可列举出聚酰胺66、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺46、聚酰胺9T等结晶化速度快的聚酰胺树脂;聚酰胺66/6T、66/6T/6I等高熔点的聚酰胺树脂,从经济性的观点出发,优选为聚酰胺66或聚酰胺6。从成型性与物性的平衡出发,该脂肪族系聚酰胺树脂的含有率优选不足全部聚酰胺树脂中的50重量%。通过使脂肪族系聚酰胺树脂的含有率不足50重量%,能够良好地保持耐热性。
在MX尼龙的原料即α,ω-直链脂肪族二元酸之中,可适合地使用碳原子数6~20的α,ω-直链脂肪族二元酸、例如己二酸、癸二酸、辛二酸、十二烷二酸、二十烷二酮酸等。在这些α,ω-直链脂肪族二元酸之中,考虑到成型性、成型品性能等的平衡,特别适合为癸二酸。
MX尼龙的另一个原料中使用的苯二甲胺是间苯二甲胺、或者对苯二甲胺与间苯二甲胺的混合苯二甲胺。混合苯二甲胺中的间苯二甲胺与对苯二甲胺的摩尔比率(间苯二甲胺/对苯二甲胺)优选为55/45~100/0,更优选为70/30~100/0。通过使对苯二甲胺的摩尔比率不足45摩尔%,能够将聚酰胺树脂的熔点保持为低,MX尼龙的聚合、包含MX尼龙的组合物的成型加工变得容易,故而优选。
作为热塑性聚酯树脂,能够参考日本特开2010-174223号公报第0013~0016段的记载。例如,作为聚酯树脂,可列举出聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯树脂;聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯树脂占60重量%以上、优选占80重量%以上的混合物。
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物中的热塑性树脂的配混量以合计计优选为40重量%以上、更优选为45重量%以上。
<LDS添加剂>
本发明中使用的LDS添加剂是指下述化合物:相对于热塑性树脂(例如,后述实施例中合成的PAMP10)100重量份,添加认为是LDS添加剂的添加剂4重量份,使用波长1064nm的YAG激光,以输出功率10W、频率80kHz、扫描速度3m/s进行照射,之后的镀覆工序利用无电解的MacDermid公司制造的M-Copper85的镀槽实施,对该激光照射面适用金属时,能够形成镀层的化合物。本发明中使用的LDS添加剂可以是合成品,也可以使用市售品。另外,市售品除了作为LDS添加剂而上市销售的物质之外,只要满足本发明中的LDS添加剂的条件,则也可以是作为其它用途销售的物质。LDS添加剂可以仅使用一种,也可以组合使用两种以上。
本发明中使用的LDS添加剂的第一实施方式是包含铜的氧化物,优选为包含铜和铬的氧化物(铜铬氧化物),进一步优选为仅包含铜和铬作为金属成分的氧化物。作为这样的LDS添加剂,例如可列举出CuCr2O4、Cu3(PO4)2Cu(OH)2,特别优选为CuCr2O4。像这样,通过将包含铜的氧化物用作LDS添加剂,存在更有效地发挥出本发明效果的倾向。LDS添加剂中的铜的含量优选为20~95质量%。
本发明中使用的第二实施方式的LDS添加剂优选包含锡和锑中的至少1种,更优选包含锑和锡,进一步优选包含锑和锡且锡的含量比锑多,特别优选包含锑和氧化锡且锡的含量比锑多。另外,还可优选地例示出包含氧化锑和氧化锡且锡的含量比锑多的方式。
本发明中使用的LDS添加剂的莫氏硬度优选为5.5以上,莫氏硬度更优选为5.5~6.0。使用这种莫氏硬度高的LDS添加剂时,预计会对无机纤维造成损伤、机械强度差,但在本发明中,即使使用这种莫氏硬度高的LDS添加剂,也能够维持高机械强度。
本发明中使用的LDS添加剂的平均粒径优选为0.01~50μm,更优选为0.05~30μm。通过设为这样的平均粒径,存在更有效地发挥出本发明效果的倾向。
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物中的LDS添加剂的配混量相对于热塑性树脂100重量份为1~30重量份,优选为2~25重量份,更优选为5~20重量份。通过将LDS添加剂的配混量设为这种范围,能够使树脂成型品的镀覆特性变得更良好。另外,如后所述,通过与滑石进行组合,能够以少的添加量形成镀层。
<玻璃纤维>
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物还包含玻璃纤维。通过配混玻璃纤维,能够提高机械强度。另外,通过配混玻璃纤维,还能够进一步提高尺寸精度。玻璃纤维可以仅使用一种,也可以组合使用两种以上。
本发明中可使用的玻璃纤维中,作为组成,包含SiO2和Al2O3,且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3。另外,本发明中可使用的玻璃纤维在含有SiO2和Al2O3的同时,还可以含有B(硼),此时,B(硼)的含量优选为1重量%以下。另外,本发明中可使用的玻璃纤维的拉伸弹性模量优选为80GPa以上。
具体而言,本发明中可使用的玻璃纤维可例示出S玻璃(high strengthglass:高强度玻璃)。通过使用这种组成的玻璃纤维,能够维持将本发明的热塑性树脂组合物制成树脂成型品时的镀覆特性,且使所得树脂成型品的机械强度(例如弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、夏比冲击强度(有缺口、无缺口)等)变得良好。
以往,热塑性树脂组合物中使用E玻璃(electrical glass,电工用玻璃),但本申请发明人进行研究时发现:使用E玻璃时,难以将所得树脂成型品的机械强度维持得较高。另一方面,使用在本发明中使用的、包含SiO2和Al2O3且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3的玻璃纤维时,能够维持所得树脂成型品的镀覆特性且实现高的机械强度。
因此,作为本发明的优选实施方式,可例示出玻璃纤维成分实质上仅包含如下玻璃纤维的方式,所述玻璃纤维包含SiO2和Al2O3且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3。
本发明中可使用的玻璃纤维例如可以用γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷等硅烷偶联剂进行了表面处理。硅烷偶联剂的附着量通常为玻璃纤维重量的0.01~1重量%。进而根据需要,可以使用用脂肪酸酰胺化合物、硅油等润滑剂、季铵盐等抗静电剂、环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂等具有覆膜形成能力的树脂、具有覆膜形成能力的树脂与热稳定剂、阻燃剂等的混合物进行表面处理而成的物质。
本发明中可使用的玻璃纤维的平均直径优选为20μm以下,从进一步提高物性平衡(强度、刚性、耐热刚性、冲击强度)的观点和进一步降低成型翘曲的观点出发,平均直径进一步优选为1~15μm。另外,大多一般使用通常剖面形状为圆形的玻璃纤维,但在本发明中,没有特别限定,例如即使剖面形状为眉形、椭圆形、矩形的形状也可以同样地使用。
玻璃纤维的长度没有特别限定,可以从长纤维类型(粗纱)、短纤维类型(短切原丝)等中选择并使用。这种玻璃纤维中的集束根数优选为100~5000根左右。另外,只要将热塑性树脂组合物混炼后的热塑性树脂组合物中的玻璃纤维能够获得平均0.1mm以上的长度,则也可以是所谓的磨碎纤维、被称为玻璃粉末的股线的粉碎品,另外,玻璃纤维还可以是连续单纤维系的棉条。
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物中的玻璃纤维的配混量相对于热塑性树脂100重量份,通常为10~200重量份,优选为20~180重量份,更优选为30~150重量份。
本发明中,还可以含有除了包含SiO2和Al2O3且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3的玻璃纤维之外的其它玻璃纤维(例如,E玻璃等)。然而,其它玻璃纤维优选为玻璃纤维的总量的5重量%以下,优选为3重量%以下,进一步优选实质上不包含、即0重量%。另外,本发明的热塑性树脂组合物中,热塑性树脂与玻璃纤维优选占总成分的70重量%以上,更优选占总成分的80重量%以上。
<弹性体>
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物还可以包含弹性体。像这样,通过含有弹性体,能够提高热塑性树脂组合物的耐冲击性。
本发明中使用的弹性体优选为向橡胶成分上接枝共聚有能够与其共聚的单体成分而成的接枝共聚物。作为接枝共聚物的制造方法,可以是块状聚合、溶液聚合、悬浮聚合、乳液聚合等中的任意制造方法,共聚的方式可以是一段接枝也可以是多段接枝。
橡胶成分的玻璃化转变温度通常为0℃以下、其中优选为-20℃以下、进一步优选为-30℃以下。作为橡胶成分的具体例,可列举出聚丁二烯橡胶、聚异戊二烯橡胶、聚丙烯酸丁酯、聚(丙烯酸2-乙基己酯)、丙烯酸丁酯·丙烯酸2-乙基己酯共聚物等聚丙烯酸烷基酯橡胶;聚有机硅氧烷橡胶等有机硅系橡胶、丁二烯-丙烯酸类复合橡胶、包含聚有机硅氧烷橡胶和聚丙烯酸烷基酯橡胶的IPN(Interpenetrating Polymer Network,互穿聚合物网状组织)型复合橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯橡胶、乙烯-丁烯橡胶、乙烯-辛烯橡胶等乙烯-α-烯烃系橡胶;乙烯-丙烯酸类橡胶、氟橡胶等。它们可以单独使用,也可以混合两种以上使用。这些之中,从机械特性、表面外观的方面出发,优选为聚丁二烯橡胶、聚丙烯酸烷基酯橡胶、聚有机硅氧烷橡胶、包含聚有机硅氧烷橡胶和聚丙烯酸烷基酯橡胶的IPN型复合橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶。
作为能够与橡胶成分进行接枝共聚的单体成分的具体例,可列举出芳香族乙烯基化合物、氰化乙烯基化合物、(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物、(甲基)丙烯酸化合物、(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯等含环氧基(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物;马来酰亚胺、N-甲基马来酰亚胺、N-苯基马来酰亚胺等马来酰亚胺化合物;马来酸、邻苯二甲酸、衣康酸等α,β-不饱和羧酸化合物、它们的酸酐(例如马来酸酐等)等。这些单体成分可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用两种以上。这些之中,从机械特性、表面外观的方面出发,优选为芳香族乙烯基化合物、氰化乙烯基化合物、(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物、(甲基)丙烯酸化合物,更优选为(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物。作为(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物的具体例,可列举出(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯等。
共聚有橡胶成分的接枝共聚物从耐冲击性、表面外观的观点出发,优选为芯/壳型接枝共聚物类型。其中,特别优选为包含芯层和壳层的芯/壳型接枝共聚物,其中,以选自含聚丁二烯橡胶、含聚丙烯酸丁酯橡胶、聚有机硅氧烷橡胶、包含聚有机硅氧烷橡胶和聚丙烯酸烷基酯橡胶的IPN型复合橡胶中的至少1种橡胶成分作为芯层,并在其周围共聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯而形成壳层。在芯/壳型接枝共聚物中,优选含有40质量%以上的橡胶成分,进一步优选含有60质量%以上。另外,优选含有10质量%以上的(甲基)丙烯酸。需要说明的是,本发明中的芯/壳型不一定需要可明确地区分成芯层和壳层,是指广泛包括在成为芯的部分的周围接枝聚合有橡胶成分而得到的化合物。
作为这些芯/壳型接枝共聚物的优选具体例,可列举出甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MABS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯共聚物(MB)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸类橡胶共聚物(MA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸类橡胶-苯乙烯共聚物(MAS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸类·丁二烯橡胶共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸类·丁二烯橡胶-苯乙烯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-(丙烯酸类·有机硅IPN橡胶)共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物等。这种橡胶性聚合物可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用两种以上。
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物中的弹性体的含量优选为0.1~40重量%、更优选为0.5~25重量%、进一步优选为1~10重量%。
<滑石>
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物还可以包含滑石。本发明中,通过配混滑石,能够使尺寸稳定性、制品外观变得良好,另外,即使减少LDS添加剂的添加量,也能够使树脂成型品的镀覆特性变得良好,能够在树脂成型品上形成适当的镀层。滑石可以使用用选自聚有机氢硅氧烷类和有机聚硅氧烷类中的化合物的至少1种进行了表面处理而成的物质。此时,滑石中的硅氧烷化合物的附着量优选为滑石的0.1~5重量%。
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物中的滑石的配混量相对于热塑性树脂组合物100重量份优选为0.01~10重量份、更优选为0.05~8重量份、进一步优选为0.5~4重量份。另外,滑石用硅氧烷化合物进行了表面处理时,用硅氧烷化合物进行了表面处理的滑石的配混量优选在上述范围内。
<脱模剂>
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物还可以含有脱模剂。脱模剂主要是为了提高树脂组合物的成型时的生产率而使用的。作为脱模剂,例如可列举出脂肪族羧酸酰胺系、脂肪族羧酸、脂肪族羧酸与醇的酯、数均分子量为200~15000的脂肪族烃化合物、聚硅氧烷系硅油等。在这些脱模剂之中,特别优选为羧酸酰胺系化合物。
作为脂肪族羧酸酰胺系,例如可列举出通过高级脂肪族单羧酸和/或多元酸与二胺的脱水反应而得到的化合物。
作为高级脂肪族单羧酸,优选为碳原子数16以上的饱和脂肪族单羧酸和羟基羧酸,例如可列举出棕榈酸、硬脂酸、山嵛酸、褐煤酸、12-羟基硬脂酸等。
作为多元酸,例如可列举出丙二酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、癸二酸、庚二酸、壬二酸等脂肪族二羧酸;邻苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸等芳香族二羧酸;环己烷二羧酸、环己基琥珀酸等脂环族二羧酸等。
作为二胺,例如可列举出乙二胺、1,3-二氨基丙烷、1,4-二氨基丁烷、六亚甲基二胺、间苯二甲胺、甲苯二胺、对苯二甲胺、苯二胺、异佛尔酮二胺等。
作为羧酸酰胺系化合物,优选为将硬脂酸与癸二酸与乙二胺缩聚而成的化合物,进一步优选为将2摩尔硬脂酸与1摩尔癸二酸与2摩尔乙二胺缩聚而成的化合物。另外,除了N,N'-亚甲基双硬脂酸酰胺、N,N'-亚乙基双硬脂酸酰胺之类的使二胺与脂肪族羧酸发生反应而得到的双酰胺系化合物之外,还可适合地使用N,N'-双十八烷基对苯二甲酸酰胺等二羧酸酰胺化合物。
作为脂肪族羧酸,例如可列举出饱和或不饱和的脂肪族一元、二元或三元羧酸。此处,脂肪族羧酸还包含脂环式的羧酸。这些之中,脂肪族羧酸优选为碳原子数6~36的一元羧酸或二元羧酸,进一步优选为碳原子数6~36的脂肪族饱和一元羧酸。作为所述脂肪族羧酸的具体例,可列举出棕榈酸、硬脂酸、己酸、癸酸、月桂酸、花生酸、山嵛酸、二十四烷酸、蜡酸、蜂花酸、三十四烷酸、褐煤酸、己二酸、壬二酸等。
作为脂肪族羧酸与醇的酯中的脂肪族羧酸,例如可以使用与脂肪族羧酸相同的物质。另一方面,作为醇,例如可列举出饱和或不饱和的一元或多元醇。这些醇可以具有氟原子、芳基等取代基。这些之中,优选为碳原子数30以下的一元或多元的饱和醇,进一步优选为碳原子数30以下的脂肪族或脂环式饱和一元醇或脂肪族饱和多元醇。
作为所述醇的具体例,可列举出辛醇、癸醇、十二醇、硬脂醇、山嵛醇、乙二醇、二乙二醇、甘油、季戊四醇、2,2-二羟基全氟丙醇、新戊二醇、双三羟甲基丙烷、双季戊四醇等。
作为脂肪族羧酸与醇的酯的具体例,可列举出蜜蜡(以棕榈酸蜂花酯作为主成分的混合物)、硬脂酸硬脂酯、山嵛酸山嵛酯、山嵛酸硬脂酯、甘油单棕榈酸酯、甘油单硬脂酸酯、甘油二硬脂酸酯、甘油三硬脂酸酯、季戊四醇单棕榈酸酯、季戊四醇单硬脂酸酯、季戊四醇二硬脂酸酯、季戊四醇三硬脂酸酯、季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯等。
作为数均分子量为200~15000的脂肪族烃,例如可列举出液体石蜡、固体石蜡、微晶蜡、聚乙烯蜡、费托蜡、碳原子数3~12的α-烯烃低聚物等。需要说明的是,此处,作为脂肪族烃,还包括脂环式烃。另外,脂肪族烃的数均分子量优选为5000以下。
脱模剂的含量相对于热塑性树脂与玻璃纤维的合计100重量份,通常为0.001重量份以上、优选为0.01重量份以上,另外,通常为2重量份以下、优选为1.5重量份以下。通过将脱模剂的含量相对于热塑性树脂与玻璃纤维的合计100重量份设为0.001重量份以上,能够使脱模性变得良好。另外,通过将脱模剂的含量相对于热塑性树脂与玻璃纤维的合计100重量份设为2重量份以下,能够降低耐水解性的降低,另外,能够防止注射成型时的模具污染。
<其它添加剂>
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物在不损害本发明效果的范围内还可以含有各种添加剂。作为这样的添加剂,可列举出氧化钛、碱、热稳定剂、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、染料颜料、荧光增白剂、抗滴落剂、抗静电剂、防雾剂、润滑剂、抗粘连剂、流动性改良剂、增塑剂、分散剂、抗菌剂等。这些成分可以仅使用一种,也可以组合使用两种以上。
<热塑性树脂组合物的制造方法>
作为本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的制造方法,可以采用任意的方法。例如可列举出如下方法:使用V型混合器等混合手段将热塑性树脂与LDS添加剂与玻璃纤维进行混合,调整成共混品后,用带排气孔的挤出机进行熔融混炼而制成粒料化的方法。另外,可列举出如下方法:作为二阶段投入法,预先对除了玻璃纤维之外的成分等进行充分混合后,用带排气孔的挤出机进行熔融混炼而制造粒料后,将该粒料与玻璃纤维进行混合后,用带排气孔的挤出机进行熔融混炼的方法。
进而,可列举出如下方法:预先制备用V型混合器等对除了玻璃纤维之外的成分等进行充分混合而成的物质,将该混合物由带排气孔的双螺杆挤出机的第一斜槽进行供给,将玻璃纤维由挤出机途中的第二斜槽供给并进行熔融混炼、粒料化的方法。
挤出机的混炼区的螺杆构成优选将促进混炼的元件配置在上游侧、将具有升压能力的元件配置在下游侧。
作为促进混炼的元件,可列举出正向捏合盘元件、正交捏合盘元件、宽捏合盘元件和正向混合螺杆元件等。
熔融混炼时的加热温度通常可以从180~360℃的范围中适当选择。若温度过高,则容易产生分解气体,有时会成为不透明化的原因。因此,期望考虑剪切发热等来选择螺杆构成。另外,从抑制混炼时、后工序的成型时的分解的观点出发,可以使用抗氧化剂、热稳定剂。
树脂成型品的制造方法没有特别限定,能够任意采用对于热塑性树脂组合物而言通常采用的成型法。若举出其例,则可列举出注射成型法、超高速注射成型法、注射压缩成型法、双色成型法、气体辅助等中空成型法、使用绝热模具的成型法、使用急速加热模具的成型法、发泡成型(还包括超临界流体)、嵌入成型、IMC(模内涂布成型)成型法、挤出成型法、片状成型法、热成型法、旋转成型法、层积成型法、压制成型法、吹塑成型法等。另外,还可以利用使用了热流道方式的成型法。
<带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法>
接着,根据图1来说明本发明的带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法,具体而言,说明在将本发明的热塑性树脂组合物成型而成的树脂成型品的表面设置镀层的工序。
图1是示出利用激光直接成型技术在树脂成型品1的表面形成镀层的工序的示意图。图1中,树脂成型品1是平坦的基板,但未必需要为平坦的基板,也可以是一部分或全部为曲面的树脂成型品。另外,树脂成型品1不限于最终制品,还包括各种部件。
作为本发明中的树脂成型品1,优选为便携式电子设备部件。便携式电子设备部件兼具高耐冲击特性和刚性、以及优异的耐热性,而且具有各向异性小、翘曲小的特征,作为电子笔记本、便携用计算机等PDA、呼叫机、移动电话、PHS等的内部结构物和壳体极其有效。特别适合于成型品除去棱之后的平均厚度为1.2mm以下(下限值没有特别限定,例如为0.4mm以上)的平板形状的便携式电子设备用部件,其中特别适合作为壳体。
再返回到图1,在本发明的带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法中,对树脂成型品1照射激光2。
激光2没有特别限定,可以从YAG激光、准分子激光、电磁辐射等公知的激光中适当选择,特别优选为YGA激光。另外,激光2的波长也没有特别限定。激光2的波长范围优选为200nm~1200nm,特别优选为800~1200nm。
激光2照射至树脂成型品1时,仅被照射激光2的部分3的树脂成型品1被活化。在这种被活化的状态下,将树脂成型品1适用于镀覆液4。作为镀覆液4,没有特别限定,可以广泛采用公知的镀覆液,作为金属成分,优选为混合了铜、镍、金、银、钯的金属成分,更优选为铜。
关于将树脂成型品1适用于镀覆液4的方法,没有特别限定,例如可列举出将树脂成型品1投入至配混了镀覆液的液体中的方法。适用了镀覆液后的树脂成型品1仅在照射了激光2的部分形成镀层5。
在本发明的方法中,能够形成1mm以下、进而150μm以下的宽度的电路间隔(下限值没有特别限定,例如为30μm以上)。该电路优选用作便携式电子设备部件的天线。即,作为本发明的树脂成型品1的优选实施方式的一例,可列举出在便携式电子设备部件的表面设置的镀层具有作为天线的性能的树脂成型品。
除此之外,可以在不脱离本发明主旨的范围内参考日本特开2011-219620号公报、日本特开2011-195820号公报、日本特开2011-178873号公报、日本特开2011-168705号公报、日本特开2011-148267号公报的记载。
实施例
以下,列举出实施例来更具体地说明本发明。以下的实施例示出的材料、用量、比例、处理内容、处理步骤等只要不脱离本发明的主旨则能够适宜变更。因此,本发明的范围不限定于以下所示的具体例。
<热塑性树脂>
<制造例>
(聚酰胺(PAMP10)的合成)
将癸二酸在氮气气氛下的反应罐内加热溶解后,一边搅拌内容物,一边在加压(0.35Mpa)下以二胺与癸二酸的摩尔比约为1:1的方式缓慢地滴加对苯二甲胺(三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制)与间苯二甲胺(三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制)的摩尔比为3:7的混合二胺,同时使温度上升至235℃。滴加结束后,持续反应60分钟,制备成分子量为1,000以下的成分量。反应结束后,将内容物取出成股线状,用造粒机进行粒料化,得到聚酰胺。以下称为“PAMP10”。
<LDS添加剂>
Black1G:铜铬氧化物(CuCr2O4:莫氏硬度5.5~6.0、Shephred colorcompany制)
CP5C:锑掺杂氧化锡(氧化锡95重量%、氧化锑5重量%、氧化铅0.02重量%、氧化铜0.004重量%)(Keeling&Walker公司制)
<玻璃纤维>
03T-296GH:玻璃纤维(E玻璃(拉伸弹性模量:72GPa))(日本电气硝子株式会社制)
S玻璃(拉伸弹性模量:86GPa、SiO2:65重量%、Al2O3:25重量%、B(硼):0.001~0.01重量%)
<弹性体>
SEBS:FT1901GT(Kraton Performance Polymers Inc.制)
<碱>
Ca(OH)2
<滑石>
滑石:MICRON WHITE 5000S(林化成株式会社制)
<脱模剂>
CS8CP(日东化成工业株式会社制)
<混合>
以形成后述的表中所示组成的方式分别称量各成分,利用滚筒来共混除了玻璃纤维之外的成分,从双螺杆挤出机(东芝机械公司制、TEM26SS)的根部投入,熔融后,侧进料玻璃纤维而制作树脂粒料。挤出机的温度设定以280℃来实施。
<ISO拉伸试验片的制作>
使利用上述制造方法得到的粒料在80℃下干燥5小时后,使用FANUC公司制造的注射成型机(100T),在料筒温度280℃、模具温度130℃的条件下将ISO拉伸试验片(4mm厚)进行注射成型。
注射速度:由ISO拉伸试验片中央部的截面积计算树脂流速,设定为300mm/s。在填充约95%时转换成保压以成为VP切换。保压在不产生毛刺的范围内较高地将500kgf/cm2设为25秒。
<弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量>
根据ISO178,使用上述ISO拉伸试验片(4mm厚),在23℃的温度下测定弯曲强度(单位:MPa)和弯曲弹性模量(单位:GPa)。
<夏比冲击强度>
使用通过上述方法得到的ISO拉伸试验片(4mm厚),根据ISO179-1或ISO179-2在23℃的条件下测定有缺口夏比冲击强度和无缺口夏比冲击强度。将结果示于下述表1。
<镀覆(Plating)外观>
向作为模具的60×60mm且厚度2mm的模腔中,以树脂温度280℃、模具温度110℃从宽度60mm、1.5mm厚度的扇形闸门填充树脂并进行成型。切割闸门部分,得到板试验片。
在所得板试验片的10×10mm的范围内,使用Trumpf公司制造的VMc1的激光照射装置(波长为1064nm的YAG激光最大输出功率15W),以输出功率40%、频率60kHz、扫描速度2m/s进行照射。之后的镀覆工序用无电解的Enthone公司制造的ENPLATE LDS CU 400 PC的48℃的镀槽来实施。镀覆性能是通过目视判断20分钟内所镀覆的铜的厚度。
如下进行评价。将结果示于下述表1。
○:良好的外观(确认到铜的颜色深、镀层较厚地附着的样子)
△:镀层附着,但略薄的样子(实用水平)
×:镀层完全不附着的样子
[表1]
[表2]
如上述表可以明确:本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、夏比冲击强度和树脂成型品的镀覆特性均优异。另一方面,使用本发明范围外的物质作为玻璃纤维时(比较例1~5),机械强度差。另外,未配混LDS添加剂时(比较例2),机械强度优异,但无法形成镀层。
以上可知,本发明中得到的热塑性树脂组合物的弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、夏比冲击强度和树脂成型品的镀覆特性均优异。即可知:根据本发明,能够提供维持在制成树脂成型品时的镀覆特性(镀覆外观)且所得树脂成型品的机械强度(弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量和夏比冲击强度(有缺口、无缺口))优异的热塑性树脂组合物。
附图标记说明
1树脂成型品、2激光、3照射了激光的部分、4镀覆液、5镀层
Claims (14)
1.一种热塑性树脂组合物,其包含:热塑性树脂、相对于该热塑性树脂100重量份为1~30重量份的激光直接成型添加剂以及10~200重量份的玻璃纤维,该玻璃纤维包含SiO2和Al2O3,且以60~70重量%的比例包含SiO2、以20~30重量%的比例包含Al2O3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述激光直接成型添加剂的莫氏硬度为5.5以上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述激光直接成型添加剂包含铜铬氧化物。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述激光直接成型添加剂是包含锑和锡的金属氧化物。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述玻璃纤维的拉伸弹性模量为80GPa以上。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述玻璃纤维为S玻璃。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述热塑性树脂为聚酰胺树脂。
8.一种树脂成型品,其是将权利要求1~7中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物成型而成的。
9.根据权利要求8所述的树脂成型品,其还在表面具有镀层。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的树脂成型品,其为便携式电子设备部件。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的树脂成型品,其中,所述镀层具有作为天线的性能。
12.一种带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法,其包括:对将权利要求1~7中任一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物成型而成的树脂成型品的表面照射激光后,利用金属形成镀层。
13.根据权利要求12所述的带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法,其中,所述镀层为铜镀层。
14.一种具有天线的便携式电子设备部件的制造方法,其包括权利要求12或13所述的带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法。
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Cited By (3)
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CN105082667A (zh) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-11-25 | 世纪良基投资集团有限公司 | 一种具有纳米粒子层的玻璃棉 |
CN111108153A (zh) * | 2017-10-03 | 2020-05-05 | 三菱工程塑料株式会社 | 热塑性树脂组合物、树脂成型品、带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法及便携式电子设备部件的制造方法 |
CN111108153B (zh) * | 2017-10-03 | 2021-04-09 | 三菱工程塑料株式会社 | 热塑性树脂组合物、树脂成型品、带镀层的树脂成型品的制造方法及便携式电子设备部件的制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2896659A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
EP2896659B1 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
JPWO2014042069A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
US20150353714A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
WO2014042069A1 (ja) | 2014-03-20 |
EP2896659A4 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
JP6190810B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
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