CN104568011A - Device for large landslide multi-sensor integrated data collection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for collecting and transmitting large-scale landslide data, which is applied in the technical field of landslide data monitoring; Sensing unit, and obtain the sensing data collected by the corresponding sensing unit respectively through the data collection interface; the control unit, connected to the collection management unit, is used to control the way the collection management unit collects and transmits data, and obtains the transmission data transmitted by the collection management unit sensing data; the communication unit is connected to the control unit and the remote server respectively, and the control unit sends the collected transmission data to the server through the communication unit. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: integrating multiple types of sensors, being able to process different types of data collected by different types of sensors, ensuring the convenience of monitoring; and simultaneously ensuring real-time data transmission.

Description

A device for multi-sensor integrated data acquisition of large landslides

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of landslide monitoring, in particular to a device for multi-sensor integrated data acquisition of large landslides.

Background technique

In the prior art, in order to monitor and predict landslides, it is necessary to install various types of sensors in mountainous areas where landslides are prone to occur, conduct comprehensive analysis based on the data sent back by the sensors, and finally monitor and forecast landslides.

In the prior art, the monitoring and forecasting of landslide phenomena is usually carried out by manually setting sensors. However, due to the special terrain of mountainous areas, manually installing sensors is not only dangerous, but also labor-intensive. At the same time, due to the suddenness of landslides, the manual measurement cycle is too long and the desired data may not be obtained. At the same time, the complexity of landslides leads to many disaster-causing factors, and it is difficult to find the internal mechanism of landslide formation only by monitoring with one or two sensors.

Contents of the invention

According to the problems existing in the prior art, a technical solution for a device for large-scale landslide multi-sensor integrated data acquisition is now provided, specifically including:

A device for multi-sensor integrated data acquisition of large-scale landslides, wherein the device integrates a plurality of different types of sensing units, and each of the sensing units is used to sense and collect a corresponding type of sensing data;

The device is connected to a remote server;

The device includes:

The acquisition management unit includes a plurality of data acquisition interfaces, and each of the data acquisition interfaces is correspondingly connected to one of the sensing units. said sensory data;

A control unit, connected to the acquisition management unit, for controlling the manner in which the acquisition management unit acquires the transmission data, and acquiring the sensing data transmitted by the acquisition management unit;

The communication unit is respectively connected to the control unit and the remote server, and the control unit sends the collected transmission data to the server through the communication unit.

Preferably, the device, wherein the data collection interface includes:

The first interface is used for the collection management unit to obtain corresponding analog signals collected by the sensing unit; and/or

The second interface is used for the collection management unit to obtain corresponding digital signals and/or pulse signals collected by the sensing unit; and/or

The third interface is used for the collection management unit to obtain the corresponding vibrating wire signal collected by the sensing unit.

Preferably, the device, wherein the acquisition management unit further includes:

An analog-to-digital conversion module, connected to the first interface, for converting the analog signal collected through the first interface into a corresponding digital signal.

Preferably, the device, wherein the control unit includes:

a parallel acquisition module, controlling a plurality of the sensing units to acquire the sensing data in parallel through the corresponding data acquisition interface;

A sorting collection module, wherein a priority parameter corresponding to each of the sensing units is preset, and the sorting collection module controls a plurality of the sensing units according to the preset priority through the corresponding data collection interface Parameter sorting collects the sensory data.

Preferably, the device, wherein the control unit further includes:

A first adjustment module, configured to adjust the collection frequency of the corresponding data collection interface, so as to obtain the sensing data collected by the corresponding sensing unit;

The second adjustment module is configured to adjust the corresponding collection cycle of the data collection interface.

Preferably, the device, wherein the device further comprises:

The input unit is connected to the collection management unit and the control unit respectively, and is used for users to input corresponding control instructions to the collection management unit and/or the control unit.

Preferably, the device, wherein the communication unit includes:

The first transmission module transmits the sensing data to the server through GPRS transmission; and/or

The second transmission module transmits the sensing data to the server through wireless transmission; and/or

The third transmission module transmits the sensing data to the server through Zigbee transmission.

Preferably, the device, wherein the communication unit further includes:

The display interface module is used for the acquisition system to connect to an external movable display device, and to display the sensing data on the movable display device.

Preferably, the device, wherein the communication unit further includes:

The calibration module is used for real-time positioning of the acquisition system and for calibrating the real-time time of the acquisition system.

Preferably, the landslide data acquisition system, wherein the device also includes:

A data storage unit, connected to the control unit, for storing the sensing data.

Preferably, the device, wherein the device further comprises:

The power supply unit is used to supply power to the device.

Preferably, the device, further comprising:

a data transfer terminal connected between the device and the server;

The device transmits the sensing data to the server through the data transfer terminal through the communication unit.

A collection board is characterized in that it includes the above-mentioned device in the above-mentioned device for multi-sensor integrated data collection of large landslides.

The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: it integrates various types of sensors required for landslide monitoring, can process different types of data collected by different types of sensors, and ensures the convenience of monitoring; at the same time, it ensures the real-time transmission of sensing data, Avoid clogging of transfer channels.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1-4 is in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of structural representation of the device that is used for large-scale landslide multi-sensor integrated data acquisition;

Figures 5-8 are schematic diagrams of the data format composition during data transmission of the device for multi-sensor integrated data acquisition of large landslides in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

In the prior art, data collected by various types of sensors is usually required to support the monitoring and prediction of landslide phenomena. However, due to the complex terrain in mountainous areas, the number and types of sensors manually installed are limited, and the sensors are scattered, which increases the risk of installing sensors and also increases the work intensity of installers. Moreover, since the number and types of sensors set are limited, the amount of data returned by the induction may not be enough to analyze possible landslide phenomena, or the analysis results may be biased, which may eventually cause landslide monitoring, Prediction failed.

Based on the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a device for multi-sensor integrated data acquisition of large landslides is provided.

As shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned device 1 specifically includes:

A plurality of sensing units 11 of different types are integrated. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the type of sensing unit 11 is divided by signal type, for example, it is divided into an analog signal sensing unit for collecting analog signals, a data signal sensing unit for collecting digital signals, and a pulse signal sensing unit , and a real-line signal sensing unit for collecting vibrating wire signals.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned analog signal sensing unit may be a voltage type or a current type sensing unit.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned digital signal sensing unit may be a rain gauge or a pulse meter or the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned vibrating wire signal sensing unit may be a high-precision vibrating wire sensor.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned device 1 includes:

Acquisition management unit 12. As shown in FIG. 2 , in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collection management unit 12 is integrated with multiple data collection interfaces 121 . Each data collection interface 121 corresponds to a corresponding sensing unit 11 . Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each type of data collection interface 121 corresponds to a type of corresponding sensing unit 11, for example:

The data collection interface 121 is divided into three types: a first interface 121a, a second interface 121b and a third interface 121c.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned first interface 121a is used by the collection management unit to obtain the analog signal collected by the corresponding sensing unit, such as a current sensor or a voltage sensor;

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the signal obtained from the first interface 121a is an analog signal, an analog-to-digital conversion module 122 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) needs to be connected to the first interface a. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analog-to-digital conversion module 122 can convert the obtained analog signal into a corresponding digital signal.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned analog-to-digital conversion module may be a high-speed analog-to-digital converter (Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned first interface can be a multi-channel analog circuit interface, the analog circuit has the functions of filtering and signal amplification, and at the same time provides a larger input impedance to adapt to different sensing units .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second interface 121b is used by the collection management unit to obtain the digital signal and/or pulse signal collected by the corresponding sensing unit;

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensing unit 11 connected to the second interface 121b may be a digital signal sensing unit, and/or a pulse signal sensing unit, such as a rain gauge and/or a pulse meter.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the second interface 121b directly obtains digital signals, there is no need to connect an additional analog-to-digital conversion module.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned second interface 121b may be a wide-range high-speed access circuit interface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the pulse signal is collected through the second interface 121b, the accuracy of measuring the pulse width can reach more than 10 ns through the multi-phase measurement technology, so the waveform less than 2.5 ns can be collected, and the accuracy can reach 0.01 Hz.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third interface 121c is used by the collection management unit to obtain the vibrating wire signal collected by the corresponding sensing unit.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensing unit 11 connected to the third interface 121c may be a vibrating wire signal sensing unit, such as a vibrating wire sensor.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned third interface 121c may be a multi-channel high-precision vibrating wire sensor conditioning acquisition circuit interface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, according to the three data collection interfaces 121 set above, the corresponding sensing units 11 are respectively connected to the device 1 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned enumerative description about the interface is for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, and does not therefore limit the protection scope of the present invention. Then, in other embodiments of the present invention, other types of data collection interfaces may be included on the device to connect other types of sensing units. The same type of data acquisition interface on the device can also include multiple, so that as many corresponding sensing units as possible can be connected to ensure sufficient sensing data for monitoring and predicting landslides.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition management unit 12 may also include other extended interfaces (not shown), such as digital signal expansion interfaces, etc., for accessing other potential sensing units and obtaining corresponding sensory data.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned acquisition management unit 12 can be integrated in a Field-Programmable Gate Array chip (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), that is, the FPGA chip is used to manage the above-mentioned multiple data acquisition interfaces, and obtain Collected sensory data. The phase-locked loop part (Phase Locked Loop, PLL) inside the FPGA chip can provide high digital signal processing speed.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned device 1 also includes:

The control unit 13 is connected to the collection management unit 12 mentioned above. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 13 is used to control the manner in which the collection management unit collects and transmits data, and acquires the sensing data transmitted by the collection management unit.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , the above-mentioned control unit 13 includes:

Parallel acquisition module 131. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the parallel collection module 131 is used to control the collection management unit 12 to collect the sensing data obtained by multiple sensing units 11 in parallel. Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is taken that the acquisition management unit 12 is an FPGA chip as an example. The chip is designed for 64*64 data allocation matrix, each data node is connected to one row or one column, and each row and column can be operated independently. Therefore, by sending a corresponding control command to the FPGA chip, a collection scheme of controlling multiple sensing units 11 to collect data in parallel through the corresponding data collection interface 121 can be realized.

Sort collection module 132 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, priority parameters corresponding to each sensing unit 11 are preset in the sorting collection module 132 . Then, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sorting collection module 132 controls the multiple sensing units 11 to sort and collect sensing data according to preset priority parameters through the corresponding data collection interface 121 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, through the above-mentioned sorting collection module 132, corresponding instructions can be sent to the collection management unit 12, so as to assign priority parameters to the corresponding data collection interface 121, and sort according to the priority parameters, according to The sorting determines the order in which the sensing units 11 corresponding to each data collection interface 121 collect data.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, still as shown in Figure 3, the above-mentioned control unit 13 also includes:

The first adjustment module 133 is used to adjust the acquisition frequency of the corresponding data acquisition interface to obtain the sensing data collected by the corresponding sensing unit; for example, if the analog signal needs to be collected, the acquisition frequency can be adjusted to the highest (for example Above 1KHz), if you need to collect the vibrating wire signal, you can adjust the collection frequency to above 3Hz.

The second adjustment module 134 is configured to adjust the collection period of the corresponding data collection interface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collection cycle can be set or adjusted according to different requirements. The second adjustment module 134 issues a corresponding adjustment instruction to control the acquisition management unit 12 to adjust the acquisition period of the corresponding data acquisition interface 121 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned control unit 13 can be integrated on a CPU chip.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned CPU chip can integrate a single-cycle multiplication and accumulation algorithm, an optimized single instruction multiple data flow algorithm, a saturated operation instruction, and an optional single-precision floating-point algorithm, etc., which can greatly improve the sensing performance. Data processing speed.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned device 1 also includes:

The input unit 14 is connected to the collection management unit 12 and the control unit 13 respectively. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the input unit 14 is for the user to input corresponding coding instructions to the above-mentioned collection management unit 12 and/or control unit 13, so as to issue corresponding code instructions to the collection management unit 13 and/or control unit 13. Control instruction.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned device allows the user to perform custom coding to define other corresponding functions, such as defining the way of data collection.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned device 1 also includes:

The communication unit 15 is connected to the above-mentioned control unit 13 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device 1 is connected to a remote server 2 through the communication unit 15 . Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device 1 sends the collected sensing data to a remote server through the communication unit 15 for corresponding analysis.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the device 1 itself is located in a mountainous area with complex terrain, the network signal may be poor. In order to ensure the continuity and real-time performance of data transmission, multiple communication methods are used for data transmission. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4 , the communication unit 15 specifically includes:

The first transmission module 151 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first transmission module 151 uses General Packet Radio Service technology (General Packet Radio Service, GPRS) to transmit the sensing data.

The second transmission module 152 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second transmission module 152 transmits the sensing data in a wireless network transmission manner. Specifically, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second transmission module 152 uses a 433m wireless module to transmit data.

The third transmission module 153 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third transmission module 153 uses Zigbee technology to transmit sensing data.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transmission module is a communication network interface.

In other embodiments of the present invention, other network transmission technologies may also be used to transmit the sensing data. Therefore, the network transmission methods listed above are only for those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the above-mentioned communication unit 15 also includes:

Interface module 154 is shown. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display interface module 154 can be a handheld device (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA) connection interface. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the PDA interface is used to connect to a corresponding external handheld device, and the collected sensing data can be displayed on the display screen of the handheld device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the above-mentioned communication unit 15 also includes:

Calibration module 155 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the application environment is a mountainous area with complex terrain, the communication signal may be poor, so the time system of the device 1 may be disordered, resulting in deviation or packet loss in some sensed data collected according to time Phenomenon. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calibration module 155 is used to calibrate the time system of the device 1 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calibration module 155 can be a global positioning module (Global Position System, GPS). Through the GPS module, not only the position of the device 1 can be located in real time, but also the time system of the device 1 can be calibrated in real time.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, still as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned device 1 also includes:

The data storage unit 16 is connected to the above-mentioned control unit 13 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data storage unit 16 is used to store the sensory data collected above.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, still as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned device 1 also includes:

Power supply unit 17. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power supply unit 17 is used to supply power to the device 1 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, due to the complex terrain in mountainous areas, power outages often occur. Therefore, an independent power supply unit 17 is set in the device 1, and the device 1 can be independently powered without worrying about sudden power failures. The normal operation of device 1 is affected.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned device 1 can be integrated into a collection board.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, due to the complex terrain in mountainous areas, although multiple network transmission modes are set in the communication unit 15 as described above, when a network transmission mode cannot be used, it can be switched to other available networks The transmission method continues to ensure the real-time and integrity of data transmission. However, sometimes in a bad communication environment, the long-distance network transmission may not be smooth. At this time, it is necessary to build a transfer station near the device 1 and transmit through the transfer station.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, still as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned device 1 is also connected remotely:

Data transfer terminal 3. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data transfer terminal 3 is connected between the above-mentioned device 1 and the remote server 2 . Specifically, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data transfer terminal 3 is connected to the device 1 through a communication unit, and the data transfer terminal 3 itself is connected to the remote server 2 through a corresponding communication unit.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data transfer terminal 3 needs to be set up at a position close to the device 1 , and at the same time, the data transfer terminal 3 must also be in a position where it can communicate with the server 2 normally. For example:

The device 1 is installed in a mountainous area to collect sensor data, the data transfer terminal 3 can be installed in a village with a good communication environment at the foot of the mountain, and the server 2 can be installed in a central city far away. The device 1 can be wirelessly connected with the data transfer terminal 3 , and the data transfer terminal 3 can realize a GPRS connection with the server 2 . The sensing data is collected by the device 1 and sent to the data transfer terminal 3, and then the data transfer terminal 3 sends the sensing data to the remote server 2, thereby forming a complete data transmission link.

The above examples are only for those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

When GPRS transmission is used to transmit sensing data, due to the large amount of transmitted data, it may cause problems such as transmission channel congestion and data transmission packet loss, resulting in a decline in the quality of data transmission. In view of the above problems, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixed-length communication protocol is adopted, and data transmission is performed through GPRS transmission mode. In short, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, according to the processed sensing data of each sensing unit, according to its characteristics, the corresponding data format is customized based on the principle of occupying the smallest number of bytes and not losing data. For example: for a preset sensing unit A, the collected sensing data is transmitted in the format of frame header-data length-mainboard ID-sensor channel ID-data.

For example:

As shown in Figure 5, the ID corresponding to each sensor and the corresponding data type and format, the sensors in Figure 2 include a dual-axis inclination sensor (14-channel sensor), a soil moisture sensor (2-channel sensor), a rain gauge, Vibrating wire sensor 1, vibrating wire sensor 2, temperature sensor (10-channel sensor), time and latitude and longitude position information, and current sensor, etc.

Taking the sensing data package of the dual-axis inclination sensor as an example, its data format is shown in Figure 6, which can be:

0X5AA5 (frame header) + 0xx (data length) + 0X01 (mainboard ID) + 0X30 (channel ID) + DDMMYY (day, month, year) + HHMMSSS (hour, minute, second) + -509 (channel 1A data) + 1200 (channel 1B data )+-1200 (channel 2A data)+*****+1200 (channel 7B data).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the timestamp is composed of the above-mentioned day, month, year and hour, minute, and second. Its data format is shown in FIG. 7, and it includes 7 bytes in total, and each byte has 8 bits. Wherein, because milliseconds needs to use decimals, it occupies two bytes, for example, 12.345 seconds (decimal) is represented by 3039 (hexadecimal).

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, still taking the above-mentioned dual-axis inclination sensor as an example, the data format of its sensing data is as shown in Figure 8, wherein the data length of useful data accounts for 37 bytes in total, including 7 One byte of timestamp information, 28 bytes of 14-channel sensor data, one byte of channel ID information, and one byte of mainboard ID information.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned fixed-length data format is used to transmit the sensing data, which can effectively prevent channel congestion or data packet loss when the GPRS channel transmits large-capacity data.

In summary, the purpose of the present invention is to form a comprehensive device for multi-sensor integrated data acquisition of large-scale landslides by integrating a plurality of different types of sensing units on one acquisition board, which can effectively avoid the need for manual placement of different sensors. The higher risk and greater labor intensity brought about, and the effective monitoring of landslides in all aspects make the detection results more accurate, and can fully support the prediction of landslides with a large amount of measurement data. At the same time, the use of multiple network transmission methods and data transfer for remote data transmission can ensure the real-time and integrity of data transmission, and minimize the impact of the harsh communication environment in mountainous areas on data measurement.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a collection board, which includes the above-mentioned device, that is, the above-mentioned device is integrated in the collection board.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, they should be able to realize that all equivalents made by using the description and illustrations of the present invention The solutions obtained by replacement and obvious changes shall all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A device for large-scale landslide multi-sensor integrated data acquisition, characterized in that a plurality of different types of sensing units are integrated, and each of the sensing units is used for sensing and collecting a class of corresponding sensing data; The device is connected to a remote server; The device includes: The acquisition management unit includes a plurality of data acquisition interfaces, and each of the data acquisition interfaces is correspondingly connected to one of the sensing units. said sensory data; A control unit, connected to the acquisition management unit, for controlling the manner in which the acquisition management unit acquires the transmission data, and acquiring the sensing data transmitted by the acquisition management unit; The communication unit is respectively connected to the control unit and the remote server, and the control unit sends the collected transmission data to the server through the communication unit. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the data collection interface comprises: The first interface is used for the collection management unit to obtain corresponding analog signals collected by the sensing unit; and/or The second interface is used for the collection management unit to obtain corresponding digital signals and/or pulse signals collected by the sensing unit; and/or The third interface is used for the collection management unit to obtain the corresponding vibrating wire signal collected by the sensing unit. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the acquisition management unit further comprises: An analog-to-digital conversion module, connected to the first interface, for converting the analog signal collected through the first interface into a corresponding data signal. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises: a parallel acquisition module, controlling a plurality of the sensing units to acquire the sensing data in parallel through the corresponding data acquisition interface; A sorting collection module, wherein a priority parameter corresponding to each of the sensing units is preset, and the sorting collection module controls a plurality of the sensing units according to the preset priority through the corresponding data collection interface The sensory data is collected by parameter ordering. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises: A first adjustment module, configured to adjust the collection frequency of the corresponding data collection interface, so as to obtain the sensing data collected by the corresponding sensing unit; The second adjustment module is configured to adjust the corresponding collection cycle of the data collection interface. 6. The device of claim 1, further comprising: The input unit is connected to the collection management unit and the control unit respectively, and is used for users to input corresponding control instructions to the collection management unit and/or the control unit. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit comprises: The first transmission module transmits the sensing data to the server through GPRS transmission; and/or The second transmission module transmits the sensing data to the server through wireless transmission; and/or The third transmission module transmits the sensing data to the server through Zigbee transmission. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit further comprises: The display interface module is used for the acquisition system to connect to an external movable display device, and to display the sensing data on the movable display device. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit further comprises: The calibration module is used for real-time positioning of the acquisition system and for calibrating the real-time time of the acquisition system. 10. The device of claim 1, further comprising: A data storage unit, connected to the control unit, for storing the sensing data. 11. The device of claim 1, further comprising: The power supply unit is used to supply power to the device. 12. A collection plate, characterized in that it comprises the device according to claims 1-11.