CN104561830B - A kind of adjustable austenite martensite two-phase clad steel of thermal coefficient of expansion and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of adjustable austenite martensite two-phase clad steel of thermal coefficient of expansion and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to adjustable austenite martensite two-phase clad steel of a kind of thermal coefficient of expansion and preparation method thereof.The polycrystalline particle of the polycrystalline particle of austenite phase and martensitic phase is in alternate Dispersed precipitate in two-phase clad steel, and the size of polycrystalline particle is 50 200 microns, and the polycrystalline particle of austenite phase is in subsphaeroidal.This two-phase clad steel is mainly the austenitic steel spherical powder and martensite steel spherical powder that prepare plasma asistance rotary electrode method according to different proportion mixing, and the composite that a kind of austenite phase polycrystalline particle distributes alternately with martensitic phase polycrystalline particle is obtained by hot isostatic press technique.Its thermal coefficient of expansion is between austenitic steel and martensite steel, can be used for the connecting portion of austenitic steel part and martensite steel part, solve the problems, such as that austenitic steel differs the excessive thermal stress for causing with the thermal coefficient of expansion of martensite steel too high, can be used for some to Steel material intensity and plasticity exigent occasion simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of adjustable austeno-martensite two-phase clad steel of thermal coefficient of expansion extremely preparation method, can
For austenitic steel part and the connecting portion of martensite steel part, solve austenitic steel and differed with the thermal coefficient of expansion of martensite steel
The too high problem of the excessive thermal stress for causing, while because the intensity that it combines martensite steel is high good with austenitic steel plasticity
Advantage, can be used for some intensity and plasticity requirements occasion high.
Background technology
With the development of nuclear energy technology, a kind of anti-neutron irradiation ability of novel reaction heap needs is strong and mechanical behavior under high temperature is good
Structural material, such as (material radiation damage unit, each is former in 100 dpa for the neutron irradiation damage of commercial fast reactor from now on
Sub average number of times of offing normal) or so, commercial fusion reactor reaches 200 dpa, and in order to improve energy conversion efficiency, cooling medium work
Make temperature general at 500 degree or so.In general, austenitic stainless steel can occur serious under neutron irradiation damage so high
Swelling, it is impossible to meet reactor structural material requirement.
And martensite steel has under high temperature that tensile strength is high, thermal conductivity is high, anti-neutron irradiation ability is strong compared to austenitic steel
Advantage, generally believe can turn into novel reaction heap core structural material, but it there is also some problems, such as tritium-permeation
Rate also an order of magnitude higher than austenitic steel, and poor toughness, there is brittle-ductile transition temperature problem.Therefore in novel reaction heap
In design, it would be desirable to which according to circumstances collocation uses martensite steel and austenitic steel, such as neutron irradiation damage is serious, operating mode
Temperature position selection martensite steel high as part structure material, neutron irradiation damage is relatively small, working temperature is relative
Relatively low and sensitive to tritium-permeation position selection austenitic steel is used as part structure material.It is such as poly- in current International Thermonuclear
In test module (TBM) system of change experimental reactor (ITER), the pipeline of the helium cooling system HCS and tritium extraction system TES of the system
Part mainly from austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316LN, or Chinese equivalent model material) as structural material；And this is
The module body of system then selects a kind of ferrite/martensite steel (RAFM) of low activation as structural material.But this design
Inevitably it is related to the connectivity problem of martensite steel and austenitic steel.The difference of thermal expansion coefficients of both steel is larger, low
The thermal coefficient of expansion of activation martensitic steel is 12.8 × 10 under 500 degree-6/ DEG C or so, austenitic steel is then 18.3 × 10-6/℃
Left and right, the problem for being directly connected to that thermal stress can be brought excessive.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of adjustable austeno-martensite two-phase clad steel of thermal coefficient of expansion and its system
Preparation Method, realizes a kind of adjustable two-phase clad steel for having the respective advantage of austenite and martensite concurrently of thermal coefficient of expansion, can be as
Austenitic steel part and the connecting portion of martensite steel part, solve austenitic steel and differ excessive with the thermal coefficient of expansion of martensite steel
The too high problem of the thermal stress that causes.
A kind of regulatable austeno-martensite two-phase clad steel of thermal coefficient of expansion, austenite phase in two-phase clad steel
The polycrystalline particle of polycrystalline particle and martensitic phase is in alternate Dispersed precipitate, and the size of polycrystalline particle is 50-200 microns, austenite
The polycrystalline particle of phase is in subsphaeroidal.
The ratio of austenite phase and martensitic phase is from 1% in the two-phase clad steel：99% to 99%：It is adjustable between 1%；And
Wherein austenite phase polycrystalline particle is mainly made up of tri- kinds of elements of Fe, Cr, Ni and a small amount of Mo and Mn elements；Martensite steel is more
Brilliant particle is mainly made up of, and with the addition of a small amount of V, Mn, W, Ta element two kinds of elements of Fe, Cr.
The mass percent of the specific composition of austenite phase is：Fe accounts for more than 60%, Cr between 16-18%, and Ni is in 9-
Between 13%, Mo between 1-3%, Mn between 1.2-2%, each group subtotaling 100%；The specific composition quality hundred of martensitic phase
Point ratio is：Fe accounts for more than 85%, Cr between 7-13%, and between 0.1-0.3%, between 1.0-2.0%, Mn's W exists V
Between 0.1-0.6%, Ta between 0.01-0.2%, each group subtotaling 100%.
The preparation method of the two-phase clad steel, it uses the method for powder metallurgy to prepare, and the method is comprised the following steps：
(1) austenitic steel powder of the particle diameter at 50-200 microns is prepared using plasma asistance rotary electrode method；
(2) martensite steel powder of the particle diameter at 50-200 microns is prepared using plasma asistance rotary electrode method；
(3) austenitic steel powder and martensite steel powder are required according to final thermal coefficient of expansion, are mixed in proportion,
Wherein austenitic steel powder and martensite steel powder is by mass percentage 1:99——99:Between 1；
(4) jacket is manufactured, at room temperature vacuum welding charging, water-cooled welding is warming up to more than 600 DEG C vacuum outgas, cools down
To room temperature, soldering and sealing；
(5) carry out hip treatment, temperature control between 1000-1300 DEG C, Stress control 100-180MPa it
Between, maintain more than 2 hours, quick cooling.
The present invention is exactly to develop a kind of adjustable austeno-martensite two-phase of thermal coefficient of expansion using PM technique
Clad steel, both can solve austenitic steel with martensite steel as austenitic steel part and the connecting portion of martensite steel part
The too high problem of the excessive thermal stress for causing of thermal coefficient of expansion difference, while because intensity that it combines martensite steel is high and Ovshinsky
The good advantage of the plasticity of body steel, it can also be used to which some require special occasions all very high simultaneously to intensity and plasticity.
Its main operational principle is as follows：
The thermal expansion of material, is by lattice parameter (the namely structure cell of the intra-die of constituent material from microcosmic angle
The length of side, is simply interpreted as the distance between atom and atom in crystal grain) macroreaction that varies with temperature.Therefore, the heat of material
The coefficient of expansion is the averaging effect of the thermal coefficient of expansion of all crystal grains of constituent material.For granular composite, its macroscopic view
Thermal coefficient of expansion is then the weighting of volume share of the thermal coefficient of expansion of the crystal grain with different phase structures according to shared by different phases
Averagely.
The invention is exactly that make use of this principle, realizes the polycrystalline particle of austenite phase and the polycrystalline particle of martensitic phase
Disperse be combined, by adjusting the ratio of austenite phase polycrystalline particle and martensitic phase polycrystalline particle, so as to obtain thermal expansion system
Number two-phase clad steel adjustable between austenitic steel and martensite steel.
Other austenitic steel polycrystalline particle or martensite steel polycrystalline particle are each chained together, and netted knot is formed each other
Structure, also plays fiber reinforced effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：(1) can by regulate and control austenite be harmonious martensitic phase polycrystalline particle ratio and
Thermal coefficient of expansion adjustable two-phase clad steel between austenitic steel and martensite steel is obtained, austenitic steel and martensite steel is solved
The larger problem of connection coefficient of thermal expansion differences；(2) two-phase clad steel combine austenitic steel plasticity it is good and martensite steel strong
Degree advantage high, the netted internal structure that particularly austenite phase is formed so that its, toughness higher than simple martensite steel intensity
More preferably.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the micro-organization chart under the low power of the two-phase clad steel of austenite (50%) and martensite (50%).
Fig. 2 is the micro-organization chart under in the two-phase clad steel of austenite (50%) and martensite (50%) times.
Fig. 3 is the micro-organization chart under the high power of the two-phase clad steel of austenite (50%) and martensite (50%).
Wherein 1 is austenite phase polycrystalline particle, and 2 is martensitic phase polycrystalline particle.
Specific embodiment
A kind of preparation side of the regulatable austeno-martensite two-phase clad steel of thermal coefficient of expansion and the two-phase clad steel
Method, the two-phase clad steel has following characteristics：
(1) polycrystalline particle of the polycrystalline particle of austenite phase 1 and martensitic phase 2 is in alternate disperse in the two-phase clad steel
Distribution, the size of polycrystalline particle is 50-200 microns, and the polycrystalline particle of austenite phase is in subsphaeroidal.
(2) in the two-phase clad steel ratio of austenite phase and martensitic phase from 1%：99% to 99%：Can between 1%
Adjust.
(3) the austenite phase polycrystalline particle in the two-phase clad steel is main by tri- kinds of elements of Fe, Cr, Ni and a small amount of
Mo and Mn elements are constituted.Specific component ratio is (being mass percent below)：Fe account for more than 60%, Cr 16-18% it
Between, between 9-13%, between 1-3%, Mn is between 1.2-2% for Mo for Ni；
(4) the martensite steel polycrystalline particle in the two-phase clad steel is mainly made up of, and with the addition of two kinds of elements of Fe, Cr
The elements such as a small amount of V, Mn, W, Ta, specific component ratio is (being mass percent below)：Fe accounts for more than 85%, Cr in 7-
Between 13%, between 0.1-0.3%, between 1.0-2.0%, between 0.1-0.6%, Ta is in 0.01- for Mn for W for V
Between 0.2%；
The two-phase clad steel is prepared using the method for powder metallurgy, and specific method is comprised the following steps：
(1) austenitic steel powder of the particle diameter at 50-200 microns is prepared using plasma asistance rotary electrode method；
(2) martensite steel powder of the particle diameter at 50-200 microns is prepared using plasma asistance rotary electrode method；
(3) austenitic steel powder and martensite steel powder are required according to final thermal coefficient of expansion, are mixed in proportion,
Wherein the mixed proportion (by mass percentage) of austenitic steel powder and martensite steel powder is 1:99——99:Between 1；
(4) jacket is manufactured, (vacuum is higher than 1.0 × 10 for vacuum welding charging at room temperature-1Pa), water-cooled welding, is warming up to
(vacuum is higher than 1.3 × 10 for more than 600 DEG C vacuum outgas-1Pa), it is cooled to room temperature, soldering and sealing；
(5) carry out hip treatment, temperature control between 1000-1300 DEG C, Stress control 100-180MPa it
Between, maintain more than 2 hours, quick cooling.
The following is a specific compound phase steel preparation process：
A kind of 316L and low activation martensitic steel respectively account for 50% austeno-martensite two-phase clad steel, its preparation method
It is as follows：
(1) preparation of 316L powder：(also can select the ready-made forging rod of 316L or 316LN), using FED-1 (Baoji Hypons
The plasma rotating electrode equipment of special metal material Co., Ltd) it is made 316L steel ball shape powder using rotation electrode technique；Ball
Shape powder index be particle diameter between 100-200 microns, sphericity is reached in more than 99%, 316L spherical powders by Fe, Cr, Ni tri-
Plant element and a small amount of Mo and Mn elements composition.Specific component ratio is (being mass percent below)：Fe account for 60% with
On, between 17.2-17.7%, between 9.5-10%, between 1.2-1.5%, Mn is between 1.4-1.6% for Mo for Ni for Cr；
(2) preparation of low activation martensitic steel powder：Diameter 60mm 400mm long are poured into a mould and are swaged into using vacuum induction melting
RAFM bars (also can select domestic CLAM, CLF-1, external Eurofer and the ready-made forging rod of F82H), using FED-1
(the plasma rotating electrode equipment of Baoji Hypon special metal material Co., Ltd) is made low activity using rotation electrode technique
Martensite steel spherical powder；Spherical powder index be particle diameter between 100-200 microns, sphericity reaches more than 99%, low activity horse
In family name's body steel ball shape powder the content of Cr for the content of 8.5 ± 0.3%, W be the content of 1.5 ± 0.1%, V between 0.25%, Mn
Content for 0.5 ± 0.2%, Ta content be 0.25 ± 0.02%；
(3) austenitic steel powder and martensite steel powder, are well mixed according to each 50% ratio (mass percent)；
(4) jacket is manufactured, (vacuum is higher than 1.0 × 10 for vacuum welding charging at room temperature-1Pa), water-cooled welding, is warming up to
670 DEG C carry out vacuum outgas (vacuum be higher than 1.3 × 10-1Pa), it is cooled to room temperature, soldering and sealing；
(5) carry out hip treatment, temperature control between 1150 DEG C, Stress control in 130MPa, maintain 3 hours with
On, quick cooling.
Between 316L and low activation martensitic steel, tensile strength reaches the thermal coefficient of expansion of the two-phase clad steel at room temperature
To 880MPa, elongation reaches 29.91%, and tensile strength only has 700MPa to the forging of usual low activation martensitic steel at room temperature,
Elongation is 20% or so；And 316L at room temperature tensile strength in 500MPa or so, elongation is 45%；This Austria as can be seen here
Family name's body (50%) not only realizes the heat of 316L and low activation martensitic steel with the two-phase clad steel of martensite (50%) well
The transition of the coefficient of expansion, and intensity and toughness are improve on the basis of low activation martensitic steel for its mechanical property.
From microstructure observation, the austenite phase polycrystalline particle of the two-phase clad steel and martensitic phase polycrystalline particle
Boundary is obvious.
Claims (2)
1. the regulatable austeno-martensite two-phase clad steel of a kind of thermal coefficient of expansion, it is characterized in that：Ovshinsky in two-phase clad steel
The polycrystalline particle of body phase (1) and the polycrystalline particle of martensitic phase (2) are in alternate Dispersed precipitate, and the size of polycrystalline particle is 50-200
Micron, in subsphaeroidal, the ratio of austenite phase and martensitic phase is from 1% in the two-phase clad steel for the polycrystalline particle of austenite phase：
99% to 99%：It is adjustable between 1%；And wherein austenite phase polycrystalline particle is main by tri- kinds of elements of Fe, Cr, Ni and a small amount of
Mo and Mn elements are constituted, and Fe accounts for more than 60%, Cr between 16-18%, and between 9-13%, between 1-3%, Mn's Mo exists Ni
Between 1.2-2%, each group subtotaling 100%；
Martensite steel polycrystalline particle is mainly made up of, and with the addition of a small amount of V, Mn, W, Ta element two kinds of elements of Fe, Cr, and Fe is accounted for
More than 85%, Cr between 7-13%, V between 0.1-0.3%, W between 1.0-2.0%, Mn between 0.1-0.6%,
Ta between 0.01-0.2%, each group subtotaling 100%.
2. a kind of preparation method of the regulatable austeno-martensite two-phase clad steel of thermal coefficient of expansion described in claim 1, its
It is characterized in be prepared using the method for powder metallurgy, the method is comprised the following steps：(1) plasma asistance rotation electrode legal system is used
Standby austenitic steel powder of the particle diameter at 50-200 microns；(2) particle diameter is prepared in 50-200 using plasma asistance rotary electrode method
The martensite steel powder of micron；(3) austenitic steel powder and martensite steel powder are required according to final thermal coefficient of expansion, by than
Example is well mixed, and wherein austenitic steel powder and martensite steel powder is by mass percentage 1:99-99:Between 1；(4) manufacture
Jacket, vacuum welding charging at room temperature, water-cooled welding is warming up to more than 600 DEG C vacuum outgas, is cooled to room temperature, soldering and sealing；(5)
Hip treatment is carried out, between 1000-1300 DEG C, Stress control is maintained 2 hours temperature control between 100-180MPa
More than, quick cooling.
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| CN1711363A (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-12-21 | Mmfx技术股份有限公司 | Cold-worked steels with packet-lath martensite/austenite microstructure |
| CN102336038A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-01 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Composite structural material and process for manufacturing pipeline component using same |
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| JP3887308B2 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2007-02-28 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High strength and high ductility hot dip galvanized steel sheet and its manufacturing method |
| US7520942B2 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2009-04-21 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Nano-scale nitride-particle-strengthened high-temperature wrought ferritic and martensitic steels |
| KR100933114B1 (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2009-12-21 | 수미도모 메탈 인더스트리즈, 리미티드 | Ferritic Heat Resistant Steel |
| JP4949124B2 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2012-06-06 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | High strength duplex stainless steel sheet with excellent shape freezing property and method for producing the same |
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| CN1711363A (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-12-21 | Mmfx技术股份有限公司 | Cold-worked steels with packet-lath martensite/austenite microstructure |
| CN102336038A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-01 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Composite structural material and process for manufacturing pipeline component using same |
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