CN104545854A - Cuffless ambulatory blood pressure monitoring equipment based on electrocardio signals and impedance signals - Google Patents

Abstract

A cuffless dynamic blood pressure monitoring device based on ECG and impedance signals, which can realize dynamic continuous monitoring of ECG, blood pressure and blood flow signals, including: ECG signal monitoring unit, impedance signal monitoring unit, physiological signal analysis and processing unit, a physiological parameter information display and sending unit. The monitoring device of the present invention can not only monitor the electrocardiographic signal and the impedance signal reflecting the blood flow, but also calculate the pulse wave transmission time according to the electrocardiographic signal and the impedance signal, so as to realize the continuous dynamic measurement of blood pressure beat by beat, which overcomes the existing The oscillometric arm or wrist ambulatory sphygmomanometer needs inflation and deflation, high power consumption and inability to continuously monitor beat by beat.

Description

A Cuffless Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Equipment Based on ECG and Impedance Signals

technical field

The invention relates to the field of health care monitoring, in particular to a cuffless dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring device based on electrocardiographic signals and impedance signals.

Background technique

With the rapid development of social economy, people pay more and more attention to health status; especially with the growth of aging population and the increasing number of chronic diseases, the number of hypertensive patients is increasing. The existing arm or wrist ambulatory blood pressure Because the monitoring equipment needs to be inflated and deflated, it has great influence on the monitored person, cannot realize continuous monitoring of arterial blood pressure and high power consumption, and is especially not suitable for dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring during sleep.

The present invention arranges several ECG monitoring electrodes on the chest of the monitored person, arranges several impedance monitoring electrodes on the limbs of the monitored person, simultaneously monitors the ECG signal and the impedance signal, and analyzes the ECG signal and the impedance signal to calculate the pulse wave. Transmission time to achieve continuous monitoring of ambulatory blood pressure.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a cuffless dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring device based on ECG and impedance signals, so as to realize continuous monitoring of blood pressure without inflation and deflation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cuffless dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring device based on ECG and impedance signals, including:

An electrocardiographic signal monitoring unit is used to monitor the electrocardiographic signal from the chest of the monitored person;

an impedance signal monitoring unit for monitoring impedance signals from the limbs of the monitored person;

The physiological signal analysis and processing unit calculates the pulse wave transit time according to the monitored ECG signal and impedance signal, and deduces the dynamic beat-by-beat blood pressure parameter information based on the functional relationship between blood pressure and pulse wave transit time. flow relationship to obtain a blood flow signal; and

The physiological parameter information display and sending unit is used for displaying and sending the acquired ECG, blood pressure and blood flow physiological parameter information based on the calculation results of the physiological signal analysis and processing unit.

Wherein, the ECG monitoring unit is a single-lead ECG monitoring unit or a multi-conductor ECG monitoring unit according to the number of electrodes; and the ECG monitoring unit includes ECG monitoring electrodes, and the ECG The electrical monitoring electrodes are arranged in lead I, lead II or lead III.

Wherein, the impedance signal monitoring unit includes a pair of impedance excitation electrodes and a pair of impedance monitoring electrodes, thus forming a four-electrode impedance monitoring unit; or the impedance signal monitoring unit includes a pair of impedance excitation electrodes and impedance monitoring electrodes integrated into The monitoring electrodes together form a two-electrode impedance monitoring unit.

Wherein, the dynamic waveform change of the impedance change obtained by the impedance signal monitoring unit is mainly caused by blood flow, and the impedance signal monitoring unit characterizes the blood flow change of the monitored person through the impedance waveform.

Wherein, the physiological signal analysis and processing unit extracts the position of the R point in the QRS wave group of the ECG signal and the peak, trough and/or maximum rising slope point of the impedance signal through the analysis and processing of the ECG signal and the impedance signal, and according to This dynamically monitors changes in blood pressure by calculating the pulse wave transit time.

Wherein, the physiological parameter data display and sending unit can display the electrocardiogram, blood pressure and/or blood flow physiological parameters on the display screen, or send the physiological parameters to the computer, mobile phone and/or tablet in a wired or wireless manner computer.

Wherein, the ECG monitoring electrodes of the ECG signal monitoring unit are arranged on the chest of the monitored person, or arranged on the limbs of the monitored person;

Wherein, the ECG monitoring electrodes of the ECG signal monitoring unit include right leg driving electrodes for reducing power frequency interference.

Wherein, the electrodes of the impedance signal monitoring unit are arranged on either side of the upper limbs or on any side of the lower limbs; or, a four-electrode scheme is adopted, two electrodes are arranged on the upper limbs, and two electrodes are arranged on the lower limbs. At this time, the impedance excitation electrodes are located at The outer side of the impedance monitoring electrode; or, using a two-electrode scheme, an impedance excitation monitoring composite electrode is arranged on the upper limbs, and an impedance excitation monitoring composite electrode is arranged on the lower limbs.

Wherein, the electrodes for monitoring the ECG signal and the impedance signal are directly fixed on the surface of the skin, or fabricated on clothes, so as to realize wearable monitoring.

Based on the above technical solution, it can be known that the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device of the present invention can not only monitor the electrocardiographic signal and the impedance signal reflecting the blood flow, but also calculate the pulse wave transmission time according to the electrocardiographic signal and the impedance signal, so as to realize continuous beat-by-beat blood pressure monitoring. The dynamic measurement overcomes the deficiencies of the existing arm-type or wrist-type ambulatory blood pressure monitors based on the oscillometric method that need to be inflated and deflated, have high power consumption, and cannot perform continuous monitoring by beat.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the monitoring electrode distribution schematic diagram of the non-cuff ambulatory blood pressure monitoring equipment based on electrocardiogram and impedance signal of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic circuit diagram of the four-electrode monitoring scheme and the two-electrode monitoring scheme of the impedance signal monitoring unit of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of calculation of pulse wave transit time in the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention discloses a cuffless dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring device based on ECG and impedance signals, which is used for synchronous monitoring of ECG, blood pressure and blood flow signals. The monitoring device includes:

The ECG signal monitoring unit monitors the ECG signal from the chest of the monitored person;

The impedance signal monitoring unit monitors the impedance signal from the limbs of the monitored person;

The physiological signal analysis and processing unit calculates the pulse wave transit time according to the monitored ECG signal and impedance signal, and deduces the dynamic beat-by-beat blood pressure parameter information based on the functional relationship between blood pressure and pulse wave transit time. flow relationship to obtain a blood flow signal; and

The physiological parameter information display and sending unit is used to display and send the acquired physiological parameter information such as ECG, blood pressure and blood flow based on the calculation results of the physiological signal analysis and processing unit.

Preferably, the ECG signal monitoring unit can be a single-lead ECG signal monitoring unit or a multi-lead ECG signal monitoring unit according to the number of composed electrodes.

Preferably, the impedance signal monitoring unit includes a pair of impedance excitation electrodes and a pair of impedance monitoring electrodes to form a four-electrode impedance monitoring unit, or the impedance excitation electrodes and impedance monitoring electrodes can be integrated together to form a two-electrode impedance monitoring unit.

Preferably, the change in the dynamic waveform of the impedance change monitored by the impedance signal monitoring unit is mainly caused by blood flow, so the change in the blood flow of the monitored person can be represented by the impedance waveform.

Preferably, the physiological signal analysis and processing unit extracts feature points such as the position of the R point in the QRS complex of the ECG signal and the peak, trough, and maximum rising slope point of the impedance signal by analyzing and processing the ECG signal and the impedance signal, Based on this, the change of blood pressure can be dynamically monitored by calculating the pulse wave transit time.

Preferably, the physiological parameter data display and sending unit can display physiological parameters such as electrocardiogram, blood pressure and blood flow on the display screen, and can also send these physiological parameters to computers, mobile phones, and tablet computers in a wired or wireless manner. and other equipment.

Preferably, the ECG monitoring electrode of the ECG signal monitoring unit can be arranged on the chest of the monitored person, and can also be arranged on other parts such as limbs; it can include a right leg driving electrode for reducing power frequency interference, and In an environment with less noise interference, the right leg driving electrode may not be included.

Preferably, the electrodes of the impedance signal monitoring unit can be arranged on either side of the upper limbs, or on any side of the lower limbs; or, when the four-electrode scheme is adopted, two electrodes can be arranged on the upper limbs, and two electrodes can be arranged on the lower limbs. Two electrodes, at this time, the impedance excitation electrode is located outside the impedance monitoring electrode; or, when a two-electrode scheme is adopted, one impedance excitation monitoring composite electrode can be arranged on the upper limbs, and one impedance excitation monitoring composite electrode can be arranged on the lower limbs.

Preferably, the electrodes for monitoring the ECG signal and impedance signal can be directly fixed on the surface of the skin, or can be made on clothes to realize wearable monitoring.

The technical solution of the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the monitoring electrode distribution of the cuffless ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device based on ECG and impedance signals. In Figure 1, 1 and 2 are ECG monitoring electrodes, and the figure shows the arrangement of the I lead. The ECG monitoring electrodes can also be placed in other parts of the body to measure other ECG leads, and the position information of the R wave in the ECG QRS complex is mainly used in the process of blood pressure calculation. 3 is the right leg drive electrode (Right Leg Driven Electrode), which is mainly used to reduce the power frequency interference coupled to the surface of the human body. It can be arranged on any part of the human body according to needs and convenience. The leg driving electrodes can also be omitted. 4a and 4b in Figure 1 are excitation electrodes for monitoring impedance waveforms, and 5a and 5b are monitoring electrodes for monitoring impedance waveforms. For specific implementation, the four-electrode scheme shown in Figure 2(a) can be used , apply a current excitation signal of a certain frequency on the electrodes 4a and 4b of the schematic scheme in Fig. 2(a), and monitor the voltage signal between the electrodes 5a and 5b. Since the frequency of the applied excitation current signal is known, the signal can be used As a reference signal, measure the weak voltage signal between the monitoring electrodes 5a and 5b by means of correlation detection, or just the opposite, apply an AC voltage signal of a certain frequency on the excitation electrodes 4a and 4b, and measure the voltage between the monitoring electrodes 5a and 5b. Weak current signal. In order to reduce the number of electrodes, the two-electrode scheme shown in Fig. 2(b) can also be adopted. At this time, the excitation electrode 4a and the monitoring electrode 5a are combined into one, and the excitation electrode 4b and the monitoring electrode 5b are combined into one. This scheme can reduce the number of monitoring electrodes for impedance signals, but due to the mutual interference between the excitation electrodes and the monitoring electrodes, the contact resistance between the electrodes and the skin will introduce measurement errors, and the quality of the impedance signals obtained by monitoring is compared with that of the four-electrode The scheme is worse.

The waveform schematic diagram of the monitored ECG signal and impedance signal is shown in Figure 3. Analyze and extract the R wave position of the ECG signal and the feature point position of the impedance waveform, for example, it can be the peak, trough, or the maximum rising slope, etc., and then calculate The transmission time of the pulse wave, through the functional relationship between the blood pressure and the pulse wave transmission time, can deduce the continuous blood pressure data. The principle of cuffless continuous blood pressure monitoring is to use the position of the ECG signal R wave and the characteristic point of the impedance signal to calculate the pulse wave transmission time, and use the functional relationship between the pulse wave transmission time and arterial blood pressure to determine the blood pressure value, so as to realize cuffless blood pressure monitoring. Belt continuous blood pressure monitoring. This cuffless continuous blood pressure monitoring method avoids the inconvenience caused by cuff inflation and deflation in traditional blood pressure measurement. At the same time, dynamic continuous blood pressure measurement can truly reflect the beat-by-beat blood pressure changes of the heart. It can more comprehensively reveal the fluctuation characteristics of blood pressure and its diurnal variation.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band, comprising:

Electrocardiosignal monitoring means, for the chest monitoring electrocardiosignal from monitored person;

Impedance signal monitoring means, for the extremity monitoring impedance signal from monitored person;

Physiological signal analysis and processing unit, calculate the pulse wave transmission time according to the described electrocardiosignal that monitors and impedance signal, and by the functional relationship in blood pressure and pulse ripple transmission time, instead release dynamically blood pressure parameter information by shooting, by the relation of impedance signal and blood flow, obtain blood flow signal; And

Physiological parameter information display and transmitting element, for showing based on the result of calculation of described physiological signal analysis and processing unit and sending the electrocardio, blood pressure and the blood flow physiological parameter information that obtain.

2. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, wherein said electrocardiosignal monitoring means according to the difference of composition number of electrodes, for singly leading electrocardiosignal monitoring means or leading electrocardiosignal monitoring means more; And described electrocardiosignal monitoring means comprises cardioelectric monitor electrode, described cardioelectric monitor electrode adopts the arrangement that I leads, II leads or III leads.

3. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, wherein said impedance signal monitoring means comprises a pair impedance exciting electrode and a pair impedance monitoring electrode, thus composition four electric pole type impedance monitoring unit; Or described impedance signal monitoring means comprises a pair monitoring electrode impedance exciting electrode and impedance monitoring electrode are integrated together, thus composition Double-electrode type impedance monitoring unit.

4. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, wherein said impedance signal monitoring means to monitor the impedance variation dynamic waveform change that obtains mainly because blood flow causes, and described impedance signal monitoring means characterizes the blood flow situation of change of monitored person by impedance waveform.

5. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, wherein said physiological signal analysis and processing unit is by the analyzing and processing to electrocardiosignal and impedance signal, extract the crest of the position of R point in electrocardiosignal QRS wave group and impedance signal, trough and/or rate of rise maximum point, and accordingly by the change of calculating pulse wave transmission time dynamic monitoring blood pressure.

6. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, wherein said physiological parameter data display can show electrocardio, blood pressure and/or blood flow physiological parameter on a display screen with transmitting element, or adopts wired or wireless mode that described physiological parameter is sent to computer, mobile phone and/or panel computer.

7. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, the cardioelectric monitor arrangement of electrodes of wherein said electrocardiosignal monitoring means at the chest of monitored person, or is arranged in the extremity of monitored person.

8. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, the cardioelectric monitor electrode of wherein said electrocardiosignal monitoring means comprises the right leg drive electrode for reducing Hz noise.

9. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, the arrangement of electrodes of wherein said impedance signal monitoring means is at the either side of upper limb, or the either side of lower limb; Or adopt four electrode scheme, upper limb arranges two electrodes, and lower limb arrange two electrodes, and now impedance exciting electrode is positioned at the outside of impedance monitoring electrode; Or adopt bipolar electrode scheme, upper limb arranges an impedance excitation monitoring combination electrode, and lower limb arrange an impedance excitation monitoring combination electrode.

10. the dynamic continuous blood pressure monitoring equipment of sleeveless band as claimed in claim 1, the electrode of wherein said electrocardiosignal and impedance signal monitoring is directly fixed on the surface of skin, or is made on clothes, realizes Wearable monitoring.