CN104534476A - Destructive distillation method and device for organic solid waste harmless treatment - Google Patents
Destructive distillation method and device for organic solid waste harmless treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104534476A CN104534476A CN201410836816.8A CN201410836816A CN104534476A CN 104534476 A CN104534476 A CN 104534476A CN 201410836816 A CN201410836816 A CN 201410836816A CN 104534476 A CN104534476 A CN 104534476A
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- destructive distillation
- hothouse
- heating cabinet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a destructive distillation method and device for organic solid waste harmless treatment. Drying is conducted through sending organic solid waste into a drying room arranged horizontally, and then destructive distillation is conducted through pushing the organic solid waste into a sealed destructive distillation room arranged horizontally, continuous stirring on materials is conducted in the destructive distillation process, full drying and destructive distillation are conducted on the materials, and the destructive distillation efficiency is high; solid pyrolysate formed by destructive distillation is mainly coke which can be utilized, dry distillation gas generated by destructive distillation is the gas with a high heating value, part of the solid pyrolysate and the dry distillation gas can be burned to obtain the heat source of the drying and destructive distillation, and the restof the solid pyrolysate and the dry distillation gas can be collected and stored. According to the destructive distillation method and device for the organic solid waste harmless treatment, the organic solid waste harmless treatment is achieved, the energy is saved, and the clean energy which is utilized in high degree can be produced through the destructive distillation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for destructive distillation and distillation apparatus, especially a kind of method for destructive distillation for organic solid castoff harmless treatment and destructive distillation device.
Background technology
That destructive distillation is carried out to it to one of the approach of the organic solid castoff harmless treatment in domestic waste.Destructive distillation refers to that organic solid waste heats under the condition not having the gasifying agents such as such as oxygen, air, carbon dioxide, steam and resolves into low molecular weight carbohydrate thus the process causing entropy to increase by macromolecular organic compound.The destructive distillation of solid waste is by the impact of the factors such as the type of the chemical composition of solid waste, moisture, reactor and drive manner, pyrolysis temperature and reaction time.Research shows, when temperature reaches 200 DEG C, solid waste is dry because its water physics is separated.When temperature reaches 200 ~ 500 DEG C, organic solid waste starts destructive distillation, and some macromolecular compounds are as cellulose, and protein, fat, the materials such as plastics are cracked into gaseous state, liquid organic compound and carbon.When temperature reaches 500 DEG C-1000 DEG C, destructive distillation product is basicly stable, and based on the gas that calorific value is high, its combustible component is H
2, CO, CH
4and aromatics and phenol compound, the solid product mainly coke that destructive distillation produces, and small part solid slag.When temperature is higher, reach temperature more than 1000 DEG C, and under a certain amount of oxygen initial conditions, solid pyrolysate generating gasification can react, and continues to resolve into gaseous material.Gasification reaction can be regarded as the continuation of retort process, and primary product is the gas that calorific value is low.
Usually to the target of organic solid waste destructive distillation be: (1) reduces Waste volume and weight, decomposing pollutant, high temperature sterilization, reaches the object of organic solid waste harmless treatment; (2) obtain available destructive distillation product, mainly the fuel of the high value such as the fuel gas of high heating value and coke, reaches the object obtaining the energy, twice laid; (3) object lower than waste incineration expense is reached.
Existing in organic solid waste retorting technique, more typically Chinese Patent Application No. 201320645028.1 disclosed " a kind of refuse pyrolysis carbonization gasified boiler ", it comprises the dryer section and retort section and gasification section that vertically arrange successively from top to bottom.Material through material envelope section pushed enter after dryer section, is freely declined by dryer section top, the retort section below entering, the high-temperature gas drying of material dried indoor in decline process; After entering retort section, produced the solid such as carbonization gas and coke pyrolysate by high-temperature gas destructive distillation, carbonization gas is discharged through exhaust outlet, and solid pyrolysate enters bottom gasification section, at gasification section generation high-temperature gas for top retort section and dryer section provide thermal source.
In addition, Chinese Patent Application No. 03140887.2 discloses " a kind of solid waste incinerator and destructive distillation, incineration treatment technology ", Chinese Patent Application No. 201310251018.4 discloses one " organic materials carbonization decomposition gasification furnace ", also all similar techniques is disclosed, in the technical scheme that just above-mentioned patent provides, be adopt Electric heating to provide thermal source when drying and destructive distillation.
The scheme that above-mentioned prior art provides, can reach the object of harmless treatment, but also there is following defect to organic solid waste destructive distillation:
(1) value obtaining destructive distillation product is lower.The gas heating value that gasification reaction produces is lower, and water vapour dryer section produced, the carbonization gas of retort section generation and the low-BTU gas of gasification section generation mix by a gas outlet discharge, and the Gas recovery difficulty of discharge is larger.
(2) energy consumption is higher.Said apparatus produces high-temperature gas by gasification section and provides destructive distillation and the dry thermal source needed, but gasification reaction is the endothermic reaction, needs lot of energy, and therefore energy consumption is higher.
(3) high temperature hot gas directly leads to hothouse and destructive distillation indoor, cannot control temperature, the destructive distillation product also just required for uncontrollable retort process generation.
(4) after material enters destructive distillation room, be deposited in destructive distillation indoor, be heated uneven, affect dry distillation efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to improve the defect that current destructive distillation device exists, provide that a kind of dry distillation efficiency is high, the method for destructive distillation of economize energy and destructive distillation device.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of method for destructive distillation of organic solid castoff harmless treatment, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) arrange and be used for carrying out dry hothouse to material and material being carried out to the destructive distillation room of destructive distillation, and put hothouse heating cabinet and destructive distillation room heating cabinet enclosing at described hothouse and destructive distillation outdoor respectively;
(2) by treating that the material of destructive distillation is sent in hothouse, by hot gas duct, high temperature hot gas being led to hothouse heating cabinet, to hothouse heating, making the moisture content of material in hothouse drop to less than 10%; The moisture discharge produced by hothouse is to outside hothouse; Dried material is pushed to airtight destructive distillation indoor;
(3) by hot gas duct, high temperature hot gas is led to destructive distillation room heating cabinet, to the heating of destructive distillation room, make the material destructive distillation of destructive distillation indoor generate carbonization gas and solid pyrolysate;
(4) solid pyrolysate is discharged destructive distillation room; Carbonization gas is led to combustion chamber, wherein a part of carbonization gas burning will produce high temperature hot gas towards destructive distillation room heating cabinet and hothouse heating cabinet, as the thermal source to destructive distillation room and hothouse heating; By meet for destructive distillation room and hothouse heating thermal source is provided after remaining carbonization gas collect and store.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, in described step (2) and step (3), when dry and destructive distillation, the material of hothouse and destructive distillation indoor is ceaselessly stirred.
In described step (4), the hot gas first produced combustion chamber by hot gas duct leads to destructive distillation room heating cabinet, heats destructive distillation room; Then lead to hothouse heating cabinet by the hot gas after the heating of destructive distillation room by hot gas duct, hothouse is heated.
In said method, in described step (2), the hot air temperature of leading to hothouse heating cabinet is controlled within 400 DEG C.As the concrete mode of one, by cold wind logical in the hot gas duct of hothouse heating cabinet, the hot air temperature of leading to hothouse heating cabinet can be controlled.
For realizing object of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of destructive distillation device of organic solid castoff harmless treatment, described destructive distillation device comprises dryer section and retort section, described retort section is positioned at the below of described dryer section, it is characterized in that: described dryer section and retort section are horizontally disposed telescoping structure, wherein said dryer section comprises the hothouse of horizontally disposed cylindrical shape, and described hothouse periphery is the hothouse heating cabinet that a horizontally disposed diameter is greater than the cylindrical shape of described hothouse diameter; Described retort section comprises the destructive distillation room of horizontally disposed cylindrical shape, and it is the destructive distillation room heating cabinet that a horizontally disposed diameter is greater than the cylindrical shape of described destructive distillation room diameter that described destructive distillation outdoor is enclosed; Described hothouse and destructive distillation indoor are respectively equipped with spiral material conveyer, and one end and of described spiral material conveyer drives its reducing motor rotated to be connected; Described hothouse front end connects a feed hopper, and rear end connects the first material envelope section, and the first material envelope section connects a material channel pipe, and is connected by the front end of material channel pipe with described destructive distillation room; Rear end, described destructive distillation room connects the second material envelope section, and connects a solid pyrolysate outlet by the second material envelope section; Top, described destructive distillation room connects a carbonization gas escape pipe, described carbonization gas escape pipe leads to a combustion chamber, described combustion chamber is provided with hot gas input pipe and leads to described destructive distillation room heating cabinet, and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet is connected by hot gas communicating pipe with between described hothouse heating cabinet; Described hothouse heating cabinet top is provided with tail gas discharging pipe; Described hothouse top is provided with steam discharge pipe.
In the destructive distillation device of above-mentioned organic solid castoff harmless treatment, the first described material envelope section, the first material envelope section, its main body is the pipe that one section of diameter is less than described hothouse and destructive distillation room diameter, and the bore of its front end is greater than the bore of rear end.
Described spiral material conveyer, its main body is the cylinder that a diameter is less than hothouse and destructive distillation room diameter, and cylindrical surface is provided with spiral helicine blade; The axle center of hothouse and destructive distillation room described in the axis deviation of spiral material conveyer, and be positioned at the below in the axle center of described hothouse and destructive distillation room.
Described hothouse heating cabinet and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet inwall are equipped with hot gas flow deflector; Described hot gas flow deflector is arranged on hothouse heating cabinet and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet inwall in the shape of a spiral.
The destructive distillation device of above-mentioned organic solid castoff harmless treatment, further also can by the following technical solutions:
Described destructive distillation device comprises two dryer section, and two dryer section are arranged above and below, by hot gas duct UNICOM between the hothouse heating cabinet of two dryer section; The hothouse front end being positioned at the dryer section of top connects described feed hopper, rear end connects the hothouse front end of the dryer section being positioned at below by material channel pipe, the hothouse rear end being positioned at the dryer section of below connects the first material envelope section, and the first material envelope section connects the front end, destructive distillation room of described retort section again by material channel pipe.
Described destructive distillation device comprises two retort section, two retort section are located along the same line, wherein the front end, destructive distillation room of last retort section is sealed section by material channel pipe with the first material of described hothouse rear end and is connected, the rear end, destructive distillation room of a rear retort section connects the second material envelope section, and connect the outlet of described solid pyrolysate by the second material envelope section, connected by the 3rd material envelope section between the destructive distillation room of two retort section; The top, destructive distillation room of two retort section is equipped with the carbonization gas escape pipe towards combustion chamber, hot gas input pipe on combustion chamber leads to the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of a rear retort section, the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of two retort section is interconnected, and the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of last retort section is by being communicated with the hothouse heating cabinet of dryer section hot gas communicating pipe.
The destructive distillation device of above-mentioned organic solid castoff harmless treatment, the hot gas cross over pipe connecting hothouse heating cabinet and destructive distillation room heating cabinet establishes a cold air inlet.
The present invention can not only realize the harmless treatment of organic solid castoff, and by arranging independently hothouse, destructive distillation room in heating cabinet, heated air not with the gas and vapor permeation of hothouse and destructive distillation indoor, and the temperature of heated air can be controlled, thus realize the quality control of destructive distillation to destructive distillation product, carbonization gas calorific value is high, directly can collect and use as clean energy resource; By retort section and dryer section are horizontally disposed with, ceaselessly can be stirred by spiral material conveyer in destructive distillation and dry run, and can realize by dryer section and retort section multi-stage superimposed, improve dry and dry distillation efficiency; The present invention only needs outside to provide combustion gas in combustion chamber combustion in the incipient stage, produces hot gas for destructive distillation and Dryly use, after dry distillation reactor starts, the carbonization gas that destructive distillation produces directly can be burnt, for destructive distillation and drying provide thermal source, save the energy, reduce cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of destructive distillation device embodiment of the present invention;
Shown in Fig. 2 is the structural representation of dryer section of the present invention;
Shown in Fig. 3 is dryer section cross sectional representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The method for destructive distillation of a kind of organic solid castoff harmless treatment provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) arrange and be used for carrying out dry hothouse to material and material being carried out to the destructive distillation room of destructive distillation, and put hothouse heating cabinet and destructive distillation room heating cabinet enclosing at described hothouse and destructive distillation outdoor respectively;
(2) by treating that the material of destructive distillation is sent in hothouse, by hot gas duct, high temperature hot gas being led to hothouse heating cabinet, to hothouse heating, making the moisture content of material in hothouse drop to less than 10%; The moisture discharge produced by hothouse is to outside hothouse; Dried material is pushed to airtight destructive distillation indoor;
(3) by hot gas duct, high temperature hot gas is led to destructive distillation room heating cabinet, to the heating of destructive distillation room, make the material destructive distillation of destructive distillation indoor generate carbonization gas and solid pyrolysate;
(4) solid pyrolysate is discharged destructive distillation room; Carbonization gas is led to combustion chamber, wherein a part of carbonization gas burning will produce high temperature hot gas towards destructive distillation room heating cabinet and hothouse heating cabinet, as the thermal source to destructive distillation room and hothouse heating; By meet for destructive distillation room and hothouse heating thermal source is provided after remaining carbonization gas collect and store.
In order to make material fully by fully dry and destructive distillation, the present invention in the specific implementation, in above-mentioned steps (2) and step (3), when drying and destructive distillation, ceaselessly can stir the material of hothouse and destructive distillation indoor.
Specific implementation, can be horizontally disposed with hothouse and destructive distillation room, arrange spiral material conveying device at hothouse and destructive distillation indoor, stirs, while by material pushed forward.
Because material is ceaselessly moving forward, and for the restriction of place and equipment volume, it is very long that each dryer section can not be established, less than 10% is dropped to for making the moisture content of material in hothouse, when material a dryer section can not by fully dry time, two or more dryer section can be established, continuously drying is carried out to material.Multiple dryer section can be arranged above and below setting.
The temperature that in retort process, destructive distillation room needs is higher, general needs 500 DEG C-1000 DEG C.Just from combustion chamber, hot air temperature is out the highest, can reach 900 DEG C about-1000 DEG C.Therefore, in above-mentioned steps (4), the hot gas that can first be produced combustion chamber by hot gas duct leads to destructive distillation room heating cabinet, heats destructive distillation room; Hot gas is after destructive distillation room heating cabinet is absorbed heat, and temperature decreases, and then leads to hothouse heating cabinet by the hot gas after the heating of destructive distillation room by hot gas duct, heats hothouse.
The temperature that in dry run, hothouse needs is relatively low, general needs 200 DEG C-400 DEG C.If too high to the hot air temperature after the heating of destructive distillation room, its temperature should be reduced before entering hothouse heating cabinet.In above-mentioned steps (2), the hot air temperature of leading to hothouse heating cabinet should be controlled within 400 DEG C.Actual temp can be determined according to the material moisture entered in hothouse, controls within the scope of said temperature, if material moisture is higher, what hot air temperature can be regulated is higher, and water content is lower, and what hot air temperature can be regulated is lower.
As a kind of actual temp regulative mode, a cold wind import can be established on the hot gas duct entering hothouse heating cabinet, by blower fan logical cold wind in hot gas duct, control the hot air temperature of leading to hothouse heating cabinet.
According to said method, the invention provides a kind of destructive distillation device of organic solid castoff harmless treatment, shown in Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the detailed description of the invention of destructive distillation device.
Destructive distillation device shown in Fig. 1, comprises dryer section 1 and retort section 2, and described retort section 2 is positioned at the below of described dryer section 1.
Described dryer section 1 and retort section 2 are horizontally disposed telescoping structure.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, described dryer section 1 comprises the hothouse 3 of horizontally disposed cylindrical shape, and described hothouse periphery is the hothouse heating cabinet 4 that a horizontally disposed diameter is greater than the cylindrical shape of described hothouse diameter; Be provided with spiral material conveyer 5 in hothouse, the reducing motor 6 that one end and of described spiral material conveyer 5 drives it to rotate is connected.
The structure of retort section is identical with dryer section structure, and as shown in fig. 1, retort section 2 comprises the destructive distillation room 7 of horizontally disposed cylindrical shape, and periphery, described destructive distillation room 7 is the destructive distillation room heating cabinet 8 that a horizontally disposed diameter is greater than the cylindrical shape of described destructive distillation room diameter.Described destructive distillation indoor are also provided with spiral material conveyer, and one end and of described spiral material conveyer drives its reducing motor rotated to be connected.
As shown in Figure 1, described hothouse 3 front end connects a feed hopper 9, and rear end connects the first material envelope section 10, first material envelope section 10 and connects a material channel pipe 11, and is connected by the front end of material channel pipe 11 with the destructive distillation room 7 of described retort section; Rear end, described destructive distillation room 7 connects the second material envelope section 12, and connects a solid pyrolysate outlet 13 by the second material envelope section 12; Top, described destructive distillation room 7 connects a carbonization gas escape pipe 14, described carbonization gas escape pipe 14 leads to a combustion chamber 15, described combustion chamber 15 is provided with hot gas input pipe 16 and leads to described destructive distillation room heating cabinet 8, and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet 8 is connected by hot gas communicating pipe 17 with between described hothouse heating cabinet 4; Described hothouse heating cabinet 4 top is provided with tail gas discharging pipe 18; Described hothouse 3 top is provided with steam discharge pipe 19.
" front " and " afterwards " of the parts such as said hothouse, destructive distillation room in more than describing, and " front end " and " rear end " defines by the direction of material movement: material enters hothouse 3 by feed hopper 9, move gradually to destructive distillation room 7 from hothouse 3 under the promotion of spiral material conveyer 5, export 13 to last solid pyrolysate by solid pyrolysate and discharge; Concerning some parts, by the direction of material movement, the position that material first arrives is " front " or " front end ", and the position of rear arrival is " afterwards " or " rear end ".All " front " and " afterwards " related in below describing, and " front end " and " rear end " are identical with above-mentioned definition.
In above-mentioned destructive distillation device, the first described material envelope section 10, second material envelope section 12, its main body is the pipe that one section of diameter is less than described hothouse and destructive distillation room diameter, and the bore of its front end is greater than the bore of rear end.
Material envelope section is adopted to be to realize sealing to destructive distillation room, preventing extraneous air from entering destructive distillation room.Material encapsulation technique is a kind of existing public technology, as in the Chinese Patent Application No. 201320645028.1 disclosed " a kind of refuse pyrolysis carbonization gasified boiler " mentioned in aforementioned background art, it is provided with the spiral propeller of a level at the charging aperture place of dryer section, and charging aperture is set as cone barrel, realized express material to the sealing of destructive distillation room by spiral propeller, namely said structure expects seal structure.But because its hothouse and destructive distillation room are vertical settings, spiral propeller cannot be adopted bottom destructive distillation room to push material and to realize crush seal, namely the outlet of solid pyrolysate cannot arrange material seal structure, the natural packing of pyrolysate can only be relied on to seal, therefore inevitably enter extraneous air when solid pyrolysate discharges, affect destructive distillation effect.
The present invention, owing to hothouse and destructive distillation room being horizontally disposed with, therefore also can adopting material envelope section, namely have employed material seal structure at two ends, destructive distillation room in rear end, destructive distillation room, therefore can realize sealing very well to destructive distillation room.
Described spiral material conveyer 5, its main body is the cylinder that a diameter is less than hothouse and destructive distillation room diameter, and cylindrical surface is provided with spiral helicine blade.
Shown in Fig. 3 is dryer section cross-sectional view of the present invention, can see that the axle center O ' of spiral material conveyer 5 departs from the axle center O of described hothouse 3, and be positioned at the below of the axle center O of described hothouse by Fig. 3.The spiral material conveyer set-up mode of retort section of the present invention is identical with the mode shown in Fig. 3.
Helicoid conveyer and hothouse and destructive distillation room are adopted eccentric design by the present invention, hothouse 3 and top, destructive distillation room 7 is made to leave certain space, guarantee that material can not block, the gas making again hothouse and destructive distillation room produce can converge in hothouse and top, destructive distillation room thus smooth discharge.
Described hothouse heating cabinet and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet inwall are equipped with hot gas flow deflector 20; Described hot gas flow deflector 20 can be arranged on hothouse heating cabinet and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet inwall in the shape of a spiral.
The object of hot gas flow deflector is set, is make hot gas in the flowing of heating cabinet inner-spiral type, makes the material of hothouse and destructive distillation indoor fully absorb heat.
The destructive distillation device of organic solid castoff harmless treatment provided by the present invention, can need degree that is dry and destructive distillation according to material, arrange two or more dryer section and retort section.
Embodiment as shown in Figure 1, described destructive distillation device comprises two dryer section, 1, two dryer section and is arranged above and below, by hot gas duct 21 UNICOM between the hothouse heating cabinet of two dryer section; The hothouse front end being positioned at the dryer section of top connects described feed hopper 9, rear end connects the hothouse front end of the dryer section being positioned at below by material channel pipe, the hothouse rear end of dryer section being positioned at below connects the first material envelope section 10, first material envelope section 10 connects described retort section again front end, destructive distillation room by material channel pipe 11.
Embodiment as shown in Figure 1, described destructive distillation device comprises two retort section 2, two retort section are located along the same line, wherein the front end, destructive distillation room of last retort section is sealed section 10 by material channel pipe 11 with the first material of described hothouse 3 rear end and is connected, the rear end, destructive distillation room of a rear retort section connects the second material envelope section 12, and by second material envelope section 12 connect described solid pyrolysate outlet 13, two retort section destructive distillation room between by the 3rd material envelope section 22 connect; The top, destructive distillation room of two retort section is equipped with the carbonization gas escape pipe 14 towards combustion chamber 15, hot gas input pipe 16 on combustion chamber 15 leads to the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of a rear retort section, the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of two retort section is interconnected, and the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of last retort section is by being communicated with the hothouse heating cabinet of dryer section hot gas communicating pipe 17.
For controlling the hot air temperature entered in hothouse heating cabinet, the destructive distillation device of above-mentioned organic solid castoff harmless treatment, a cold air inlet 23 can be established on the hot gas communicating pipe 17 connecting hothouse heating cabinet and destructive distillation room heating cabinet, within hot gas communicating pipe 17, pass into cold wind by blower fan 24.
For understanding the present invention better, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the course of work of destructive distillation device of the present invention is described.
When destructive distillation device is just started working, destructive distillation room not yet produces carbonization gas, therefore outside is needed to provide combustion gas in combustion chamber 15 combustion, the hot air temperature that burning produces is generally at 900 DEG C about-1000 DEG C, hot gas enters destructive distillation room heating cabinet 8 along the hot gas input pipe 16 that combustion chamber 15 is arranged, under the effect of the hot gas flow deflector 20 that destructive distillation room heating cabinet inwall is arranged, hot gas advances at destructive distillation room heating cabinet inner-spiral type, and heats destructive distillation room 7; Then hot gas is along the hot gas communicating pipe 17 connecting destructive distillation room heating cabinet and hothouse heating cabinet, enters hothouse heating cabinet 4, heats hothouse 3.The hot air temperature entering hothouse heating cabinet will control within 400 DEG C, and the water content height of usually dry as required material, controls between 200 DEG C-400 DEG C.If hot gas from destructive distillation room heating cabinet out after temperature too high, can by blower fan 24 to logical cold wind in the hot gas communicating pipe 17 connecting destructive distillation room heating cabinet and hothouse heating cabinet with control temperature.Hot gas, to after the heating of hothouse heating cabinet, is finally discharged by the tail gas discharging pipe 18 arranging hothouse heating cabinet top.
The material of destructive distillation will be treated, namely organic solid castoff pours feed hopper 9 into, spiral material conveyer 5 rotates under the drive of reducing motor 6, the material of feed hopper is pushed in hothouse 3, and while stir material, move while promote material along hothouse, material is by heat drying in hothouse, and the steam of generation can be discharged by steam discharge pipe 19; Dried material continues mobile under the propelling movement of spiral material conveyer, section 10 is sealed by the first material of hothouse rear end, enter destructive distillation room 7 through material channel pipe 11, and be extruded closely knit in the first material envelope section 10 due to material, the gas of hothouse then can not seal section by the first material enter destructive distillation room; After material enters destructive distillation room, move along destructive distillation room under spiral material conveyer pushes and stirs equally, in this process, material is by high-temperature heating generation dry distillation reactor, produce carbonization gas and solid pyrolysate, carbonization gas enters combustion chamber 15 by carbonization gas escape pipe 14 and burns, and this after-burner just need not provide combustion gas in outside.Solid pyrolysate continues mobile under spiral material conveyer pushes, and seals section 12 discharge by the second material of rear end, destructive distillation room.Solid pyrolysate is extruded closely knit in the second material envelope section equally, makes extraneous air cannot seal section 12 by the second material and enters destructive distillation room 7.Like this because two ends, destructive distillation room 7 all achieve sealing by material envelope section, in destructive distillation room 7, extraneous air can be completely cut off completely.
In said process, because spiral material conveyer stirs material always, therefore material is heated evenly, dry and destructive distillation is all more abundant.And arrange due to the eccentric structure of spiral material conveyer and hothouse and destructive distillation room, certain space can be formed above hothouse and destructive distillation chamber interior, not only material can not block at hothouse and destructive distillation indoor, and the steam produced in dry run can collect in hothouse top, successfully discharge through steam discharge pipe.For avoiding environmental pollution, by discharge of steam to a deodorizing purifier 25, air can be discharged into after purified treatment.The carbonization gas produced in retort process can collect in above destructive distillation room, discharges smoothly through carbonization gas escape pipe.
Destructive distillation device of the present invention is owing to having carried out effective sealing to destructive distillation room, and independently heating cabinet is set destructive distillation room is heated, the carbonization gas that the steam that extraneous gas, heated air, dryer section produce all can not produce with destructive distillation room mixes, therefore the carbonization gas out from destructive distillation room, is all the gas of high heating value; Under normal circumstances, only need a part ofly burn the thermal source that can meet required for destructive distillation and drying, remaining part, can collect to store to use as clean energy resource.
Claims (12)
1. a method for destructive distillation for organic solid castoff harmless treatment, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) arrange and be used for carrying out dry hothouse to material and material being carried out to the destructive distillation room of destructive distillation, and put hothouse heating cabinet and destructive distillation room heating cabinet enclosing at described hothouse and destructive distillation outdoor respectively;
(2) by treating that the material of destructive distillation is sent in hothouse, by hot gas duct, high temperature hot gas being led to hothouse heating cabinet, to hothouse heating, making the moisture content of material in hothouse drop to less than 10%; The moisture discharge produced by hothouse is to outside hothouse; Dried material is pushed to airtight destructive distillation indoor;
(3) by hot gas duct, high temperature hot gas is led to destructive distillation room heating cabinet, to the heating of destructive distillation room, make the material destructive distillation of destructive distillation indoor generate carbonization gas and solid pyrolysate;
(4) solid pyrolysate is discharged destructive distillation room; Carbonization gas is led to combustion chamber, wherein a part of carbonization gas burning will produce high temperature hot gas towards destructive distillation room heating cabinet and hothouse heating cabinet, as the thermal source to destructive distillation room and hothouse heating; By meet for destructive distillation room and hothouse heating thermal source is provided after remaining carbonization gas collect and store.
2. the method for destructive distillation of organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2) and step (3), when drying and destructive distillation, the material of hothouse and destructive distillation indoor is ceaselessly stirred.
3. the method for destructive distillation of organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), and the hot gas first produced combustion chamber by hot gas duct leads to destructive distillation room heating cabinet, heats destructive distillation room; Then lead to hothouse heating cabinet by the hot gas after the heating of destructive distillation room by hot gas duct, hothouse is heated.
4. the method for destructive distillation of the organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to Claim 1-3, is characterized in that: in described step (2), the hot air temperature of leading to hothouse heating cabinet is controlled within 400 DEG C.
5. the method for destructive distillation of organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to claim 4, is characterized in that: by cold wind logical in the hot gas duct of hothouse heating cabinet, control the hot air temperature of leading to hothouse heating cabinet.
6. the destructive distillation device of an organic solid castoff harmless treatment, described destructive distillation device comprises dryer section and retort section, described retort section is positioned at the below of described dryer section, it is characterized in that: described dryer section and retort section are horizontally disposed telescoping structure, wherein said dryer section comprises the hothouse of horizontally disposed cylindrical shape, and described hothouse periphery is the hothouse heating cabinet that a horizontally disposed diameter is greater than the cylindrical shape of described hothouse diameter; Described retort section comprises the destructive distillation room of horizontally disposed cylindrical shape, and it is the destructive distillation room heating cabinet that a horizontally disposed diameter is greater than the cylindrical shape of described destructive distillation room diameter that described destructive distillation outdoor is enclosed; Described hothouse and destructive distillation indoor are respectively equipped with spiral material conveyer, and one end and of described spiral material conveyer drives its reducing motor rotated to be connected; Described hothouse front end connects a feed hopper, and rear end connects the first material envelope section, and the first material envelope section connects a material channel pipe, and is connected by the front end of material channel pipe with described destructive distillation room; Rear end, described destructive distillation room connects the second material envelope section, and connects a solid pyrolysate outlet by the second material envelope section; Top, described destructive distillation room connects a carbonization gas escape pipe, described carbonization gas escape pipe leads to a combustion chamber, described combustion chamber is provided with hot gas input pipe and leads to described destructive distillation room heating cabinet, and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet is connected by hot gas communicating pipe with between described hothouse heating cabinet; Described hothouse heating cabinet top is provided with tail gas discharging pipe; Described hothouse top is provided with steam discharge pipe.
7. the destructive distillation device of organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described first material envelope section, the second material envelope section, its main body is the pipe that one section of diameter is less than described hothouse and destructive distillation room diameter, and the bore of its front end is greater than the bore of rear end.
8. the destructive distillation device of organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described spiral material conveyer, its main body is the cylinder that a diameter is less than hothouse and destructive distillation room diameter, and cylindrical surface is provided with spiral helicine blade; The axle center of hothouse and destructive distillation room described in the axis deviation of spiral material conveyer, and be positioned at the below in the axle center of described hothouse and destructive distillation room.
9. the destructive distillation device of organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described hothouse heating cabinet and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet inwall are equipped with hot gas flow deflector; Described hot gas flow deflector is arranged on hothouse heating cabinet and described destructive distillation room heating cabinet inwall in the shape of a spiral.
10. the destructive distillation device of organic solid castoff harmless treatment according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described destructive distillation device comprises two dryer section, and two dryer section are arranged above and below, by hot gas duct UNICOM between the hothouse heating cabinet of two dryer section; The hothouse front end being positioned at the dryer section of top connects described feed hopper, rear end connects the hothouse front end of the dryer section being positioned at below by material channel pipe, the hothouse rear end being positioned at the dryer section of below connects the first material envelope section, and the first material envelope section connects the front end, destructive distillation room of described retort section again by material channel pipe.
The destructive distillation device of 11. organic solid castoff harmless treatments according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described destructive distillation device comprises two retort section, two retort section are located along the same line, wherein the front end, destructive distillation room of last retort section is sealed section by material channel pipe with the first material of described hothouse rear end and is connected, the rear end, destructive distillation room of a rear retort section connects the second material envelope section, and connect the outlet of described solid pyrolysate by the second material envelope section, connected by the 3rd material envelope section between the destructive distillation room of two retort section; The top, destructive distillation room of two retort section is equipped with the carbonization gas escape pipe towards combustion chamber, hot gas input pipe on combustion chamber leads to the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of a rear retort section, the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of two retort section is interconnected, and the destructive distillation room heating cabinet of last retort section is by being communicated with the hothouse heating cabinet of dryer section hot gas communicating pipe.
The destructive distillation device of 12. organic solid castoff harmless treatments according to claim 6, is characterized in that: what connect hothouse heating cabinet and destructive distillation room heating cabinet is provided with a cold air inlet hot gas communicating pipe.
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