CN104533706A - Belt-driven folding blade type vertical axis fan impeller - Google Patents

Abstract

A belt driven folding blade type vertical axis fan impeller. The main shaft is installed on the bearing housing. The blade brackets are respectively fixedly installed on the upper end and the lower end of the main shaft. The four blade groups are respectively located between the upper blade support and the lower blade support. A gear set is installed on the rotating shaft of each blade respectively. The two sets of symmetrical blades are connected through a belt transmission group, so that the two symmetrical sets of blades rotate synchronously, and when one set of blades is gradually closed, the other set of blades is gradually opened. The impeller blade in the present invention can also change the position of the blade while rotating around the axis, so that the blade can be expanded into a flat plate when facing the wind, increasing the area facing the wind and increasing the torque received; the blade can be folded to form a NACA airfoil when facing the wind Blades reduce headwind resistance, make the fan impeller have better self-starting performance, further improve energy capture efficiency, and have higher power generation efficiency.

Description

A belt driven folding blade type vertical axis fan impeller

technical field

The invention relates to the field of wind power generation, in particular to a belt-driven folding blade type vertical axis fan impeller.

Background technique

Energy is the driving force and guarantee for the development and progress of human society. In recent years, with the rapid development of the global economy, conventional energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas have been consumed rapidly and in large quantities, which not only confronts human beings with the pressure of depletion of resources, but also is threatened by the continuous deterioration of the environment. Energy and environmental protection have become urgent problems that need to be solved urgently for human survival and development. As a clean and environmentally friendly new energy source, wind power neither consumes limited coal resources nor valuable underground wind resources, and is more conducive to the sustainable development of the national economy. In all regions of the country, we will vigorously develop high-efficiency wind power plants suitable for specific regional characteristics. Reliable wind power plants are promising. In order to realize the industrialization and practical application of wind power generation, high-efficiency wind turbine products are required to maximize the use of wind energy. This requires us to study the performance of wind turbines, improve the maximum capture of wind energy by wind turbines, and generate high-efficiency energy conversion.

At present, the main form of wind power generation is to convert wind energy into electrical energy through fan devices, so designing an efficient and reliable fan is a key technology for wind energy utilization. The shape of the fan should consider not only the structure but also other factors such as weight. The current fan types mainly include horizontal axis fans and vertical axis fans. The relative position of the impeller axis and the wind direction is parallel to the horizontal axis impeller (HAWT), and the relative position of the impeller axis and the wind direction is vertical to the vertical axis impeller (VAWT). .

Compared with horizontal axis wind turbines, vertical axis wind turbines have the following advantages:

(1) The axis of the vertical shaft impeller is perpendicular to the direction of incoming flow, which can capture wind energy in any direction. It has a simple structure and is very suitable for miniaturized independent power generation.

(2) The installation and maintenance of the vertical axis fan are simple, the manufacturing process is simple, the cost is low, and the economy is strong.

(3) The vertical axis fan has low requirements on the blade structure and its strength.

(4) The vertical shaft impeller can work effectively under complex turbulent flow, so it is more suitable for small wind power generation sites with complex terrain, such as rural areas in remote areas.

(5) The tip speed of the blades of the vertical axis impeller is smaller than that of the horizontal axis impeller, so that the aerodynamic noise is very small at low speed, and even the effect of silence can be achieved, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

At present, the common vertical axis impellers mainly include lift type vertical axis impeller and resistance type vertical axis impeller. The main representative of the lift type is the Darrieus impeller, and the main representative of the drag type is the Savonius impeller.

In the invention with publication number US1835018A, a Darrieus wind impeller is disclosed. The impeller has a simple structure and a high lift coefficient, but its starting performance is poor, and it is difficult to start especially at low wind speeds.

In the invention with the publication number US1766765A, a Savonius wind impeller is disclosed. The impeller has good starting performance and has a large range of wind speed utilization, but with the rotation of the rotor, its torque varies greatly from high to low, and even drops to near zero, so it has low overall efficiency .

At the same time, Tian Wenlong disclosed a movable blade-type vertical-axis fan impeller in the article "Numerical Simulation of a New Type of Vertical-axis Fan Impeller" in the 18th issue of "Journal of Mechanical Engineering" in 2013. The blade, the blade rotates around its own installation axis while revolving around the installation axis, but the overall efficiency of the impeller is still low.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problems of difficult self-starting of lift-type vertical-axis impellers and low energy capture efficiency of drag-type vertical-axis impellers in the prior art, the present invention proposes a belt-driven folding-blade type vertical-axis fan impeller.

The invention includes a bearing seat, a main shaft, two blade supports, four sets of gear sets, two belt drive sets, four blade sets and four blocking rods. Among them: the main shaft is installed on the bearing seat through the bearing. The blade brackets are respectively fixedly installed on the upper end and the lower end of the main shaft to form an upper blade bracket and a lower blade bracket; the upper ends of the four retaining rods are fixedly connected to each rod of the upper blade bracket respectively, and the lower ends of the four retaining rods are respectively Be fixedly connected on each bar of lower blade support.

The four blade groups are respectively located between the upper blade support and the lower blade support, and are installed on the top ends of the respective rods of the blade support and the lower blade support in a manner of axial hole clearance fit. Gears are respectively installed on the rotating shafts of the blades, and the two gears in the same blade group are meshed. The two belt drive groups respectively include two pulleys and a belt. The pulleys in the two belt transmission groups are respectively installed on the rotating shaft of one blade of the two pairs of blade groups symmetrical to the main shaft, and the two ends of the belt are respectively set on the two pulleys, so that the two groups of symmetrical The leaves are connected. Through the above connection, the symmetrical two groups of blades are rotated synchronously, and when one group of blades is gradually closed, the other group of blades is gradually opened.

When installing pulleys: the two pulleys in the first belt drive group are respectively installed on a pair of symmetrical blade sets, and one pulley is installed on the inner blade shaft in a set of blades, and the other pulley is installed On the outer blade shaft in the other set of blades. The two pulleys in the second belt drive group are respectively installed on another pair of symmetrical blade sets, and one pulley is installed on the outer blade shaft in one set of blades, and the other pulley is installed on the other On the inner blade shaft in the group of blades.

The blade support is composed of four rods intersecting in a cross, and there is an interference fit with a through hole matching with the main shaft at the intersection of the four rods.

Each blade set includes outer blades, blade leading edge plates and inner blades. Both the outer blade and the inner blade have one surface as profile and the other surface as plane. The leading edge plate of the blade is a strip plate, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the strip plate are profiles. The blade leading edge plate has the same length as the outer blade and the inner blade. When assembling each blade group, respectively make the plane surfaces of the outer blades and the plane surfaces of the inner blades face each other, and make the plane side surfaces of the leading edge plates of the blades cooperate with the plane side surfaces of the assembled outer blades and inner blades, by This combination becomes a lift-type blade with a NACA airfoil section. The upper surfaces of the outer blade root and the inner blade root are respectively processed with mounting surfaces for mounting the gear shaft. One side surface in the length direction of the leading edge plate of the blade is a plane mating with one side surface of the outer blade and the inner blade.

During installation, in each pair of symmetrical blade sets, the initial position of the two blades in one blade set is in the closed state, and the initial position of the two blades in the other blade set is in the open state.

In the present invention, four groups of blades are installed on the four ends of two brackets, and each group of blades is composed of inner blades, outer blades and blade leading edge plates, the inner blades are blades close to the main shaft, and the outer blades are blades away from the main shaft. When the inner blade and the outer blade are closed, the inner blade, the outer blade and the blade leading edge plate form a NACA airfoil lift blade; when the inner blade and the outer blade open, the inner blade, the outer blade and the blade leading edge plate form Drag blades. Through the gear set installed on the rotating shaft of each set of inner blades and outer blades, the simultaneous rotation of the inner blades and outer blades is realized, and two sets of belt transmission groups are used to keep the two sets of blades always keeping one set of blades open while the other set of blades is closed .

In order to further improve energy capture efficiency, the impeller blades in the present invention can also rotate regularly while rotating around the axis, so as to change the position of the blades, so that the blades can be expanded into flat plates when facing the wind, increasing the windward area and improving the Rotation torque; when the wind is upwind, the blades can be folded to form NACA airfoil blades, which reduces the headwind resistance, makes the fan impeller have better self-starting performance, and also has higher power generation efficiency.

In the present invention, with the impact of the incoming flow, the blades away from the incoming flow end are gradually closed, and the belt group connecting the far incoming flow end and the near flow end drives the blades close to the incoming flow end to gradually open, and the relative shapes of the other two sets of blades remain unchanged. Four pairs of blades Repeatedly. In this way, the force-bearing area of the blades in the downstream direction reaches the maximum, and the blades in the upstream direction form a NACA airfoil, which uses the lift of the airfoil to provide torque, thereby generating a torque relative to the central axis, and then drives the main shaft to rotate through the conversion device, thereby converting the momentum converted into electricity. The device combines the advantages of Darrieus impeller and Savonius impeller, which is easy to start and effectively improves energy capture efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention

Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 1

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of the present invention,

In the figure: 1. bearing seat; 2. main shaft; 3. lower blade bracket; 4. gear set; 5. belt; 6. pulley; 7. outer blade; 8. blade leading edge plate; 9. inner blade; 10 .Baffle rod; 11. Upper blade support; A. Resistance area; B. Lift area.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

This embodiment is a belt-driven folding-blade vertical shaft impeller, including a bearing seat 1, a main shaft 2, two blade supports, four sets of gear sets 4, two belt drive sets, four blade sets and four stop rods 10. Wherein: the main shaft 2 is installed on the bearing seat 1 through the bearing. The blade brackets are respectively fixedly installed on the upper end and the lower end of the main shaft 2, forming an upper blade bracket 11 and a lower blade bracket 3; The lower ends of the rods are fixedly connected to the respective rods of the lower blade support 3 respectively. The four blade groups are respectively located between the upper blade support 11 and the lower blade support 3 , and are mounted on the top ends of the respective rods of the blade support 3 and the lower blade support 3 through shaft holes. Gears are respectively installed on the rotating shafts of the blades, and the two gears in the same blade group are meshed. The two belt transmission groups respectively include two pulleys 6 and a belt 5 . The pulleys in the two belt transmission groups are respectively installed on the blade shafts of the two pairs of blade groups symmetrical to the main shaft. When installing: the two pulleys in the first belt transmission group are respectively installed on a pair of symmetrical blade groups On, and make a belt pulley be installed on the inner blade rotating shaft in one group of blades, another belt pulley is installed on the outer blade rotating shaft in another group of blades. Set the two ends of the belt 5 on the two pulleys respectively, so as to connect two sets of symmetrical blades; the two pulleys in the second belt drive group are installed on the other pair of symmetrical blades respectively , and one pulley is installed on the outer blade shaft in one group of blades, the other pulley is installed on the inner blade shaft in another group of blades, and the two ends of the belt 5 are respectively sleeved on the two pulleys , thus connecting two sets of symmetrical blades. Through the above connection, the symmetrical two groups of blades are rotated synchronously, and when one group of blades is gradually closed, the other group of blades is gradually opened.

Each blade set includes outer blades 7 , blade leading edge plates 8 and inner blades 9 . The inner blades are blades close to the main shaft, and the outer blades are blades far away from the main shaft.

The outer blade 7 is in the shape of a rectangular plate, one surface is a molded surface, and the other surface is a plane; the inner blade 9 is also in the shape of a rectangular plate, one surface is a molded surface, and the other surface is a plane. The upper surfaces of the outer blade root and the inner blade root are respectively processed with mounting surfaces for mounting the gear shaft. The blade leading edge plate 8 is a strip plate, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the strip plate are profiles. The blade leading edge plate has the same length as the outer blade and the inner blade. One side surface in the length direction of the leading edge plate of the blade is a plane, which is suitable for matching with one side surface of the outer blade and the inner blade. When assembling a set of blades, respectively make the plane surfaces of the outer blades and the plane surfaces of the inner blades face each other, and make the side surfaces of the front edge plates of the blades cooperate with the combined outer blades and the plane side surfaces of the inner blades. This combination becomes a lift-type blade with a NACA airfoil section.

During installation, in each pair of symmetrical blade sets, the initial position of the two blades in one blade set is in the closed state, and the initial position of the two blades in the other blade set is in the open state.

The upper blade support 11 and the lower blade support 3 are respectively composed of four rods intersecting in a cross, and at the intersection of the four rods there is an interference fit with a through hole for matching with the main shaft.

When working: Due to the different upstream directions of the blades in the impeller device, the impeller device can be divided into a resistance area and a lift area according to the incoming flow direction. In the resistance area, the outer blade 7 and the inner blade 9 of the blade group are opened to 180 degrees, and the blade group is subjected to the resistance of the incoming flow, which drives the main shaft 2 to rotate clockwise; in the lift area, the outer blade 7 and the inner blade of the blade group 9 is in the closed state, and the outer blade 7, the blade leading edge plate 8 and the inner blade 9 form an airfoil blade, which generates lift force under the action of incoming flow, and drives the main shaft 2 to rotate clockwise.

When a group of blades in the resistance zone rotates into the lift zone, due to the change of the upstream direction, the originally opened blades are gradually closed. The original closed blades are gradually opened to 180 degrees, the inner blades 9 are in contact with the blocking rod 10, and the blades remain in the open state. The two sets of blades rotate synchronously under the action of the belt.

The impeller device moves according to the above principle, so that the impeller continues to rotate, so as to achieve the purpose of generating electricity.

Claims (6)

1. a bel-drivenn folding blade type vertical shaft fan impeller, is characterized in that, comprises bearing support, main shaft, two blade racks, four groups of gear trains, two belt transmission groups, four vane group and four pins; Wherein: main shaft is arranged on bearing support by bearing; Described blade rack is fixedly mounted on main shaft top and bottom respectively, defines upper blade support and lower blade support; The upper end of four pins is connected on each bar of described upper blade support respectively, and the lower end of four pins is connected on each bar of lower blade support respectively;

Described four vane group lay respectively between described upper blade support and lower blade support, and are arranged on the top of blade rack and each bar of lower blade support in the mode of axis hole Spielpassung; The rotating shaft of described each blade is separately installed with gear, and makes two gears meshing being arranged in same vane group; Two belt wheels and a belt is comprised respectively in described two belt transmission groups; Each belt wheel in two belt transmission groups is arranged in the rotating shaft of a blade of the two pairs of vane group being symmetrical in main shaft respectively, is set at the two ends of belt on described two belt wheels, thus is connected by the blade of two groups of symmetries; By above-mentioned connection, two groups of symmetrical blade synchronization are rotated, and when one group of blade is closed gradually, another group blade open gradually.

2. bel-drivenn folding blade type vertical shaft fan impeller as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described each vane group includes outer leafs, blade inlet edge plate and intra vane; It is profile that described outer leafs and intra vane are a surface, and another surface is plane; Described blade inlet edge plate is stripe board, and the upper surface of this stripe board and lower surface are profile; The length of described blade inlet edge plate is identical with the length of intra vane with described outer leafs; When assembling each vane group, make the plane surface of described each outer leafs relative with the plane surface of each intra vane respectively, the side surface of blade inlet edge board plane is coordinated with the side surface of the outer leafs after combination and intra vane plane, is combined into the lift-type blade with NACA aerofoil section thus;

During installation, in often pair of symmetrical vane group, the initial position of two blades in a vane group is closed state, and the initial position of two blades in another vane group is open mode.

3. bel-drivenn folding blade type vertical shaft fan impeller as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described blade rack becomes cross to cross by four bars to form, and has the through hole interference fit coordinated with main shaft in four Gen Gan intersections.

4. bel-drivenn folding blade type vertical shaft fan impeller as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when belt wheel is installed: two belt wheels in the first belt transmission group are arranged in a pair symmetrical vane group respectively, and in the intra vane rotating shaft making a belt wheel be arranged in one group of blade, another belt wheel is arranged in the outer leafs rotating shaft in another group blade; Two belt wheels in second belt transmission group are arranged on another respectively in symmetrical vane group, and in the outer leafs rotating shaft that a belt wheel is arranged in one group of blade, another belt wheel is arranged in the intra vane rotating shaft in another group blade.

5. bel-drivenn folding blade type vertical shaft fan impeller as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, being processed with attachment face respectively, for installing gear shaft at the upper surface at described outer leafs blade root place and intra vane blade root place.

6. bel-drivenn folding blade type vertical shaft fan impeller as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, a side surface of described blade inlet edge plate length direction is coordinate plane with a side surface of outer leafs and intra vane.