CN104531171B - A kind of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly retort - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly carbonization furnace, which comprises a blanking machine, a bracket, a rotary cylinder, a rotating device and a discharge device. The rotating device drives the rotary cylinder to rotate through the rolling ring. The left end of the rotary cylinder is provided with a feeder, and the right end is provided with a discharge device. The hollow part of the rotary cylinder is a flue chamber. A number of carbonization bins are evenly arranged on the inner side of the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder, and a feeder is provided at the bottom of the feeder, and the feeder is connected to one end of the carbonization bin at the lower left part of the rotary cylinder, and the carbonization bin The other end of the outlet is connected to the discharge device; the flue chamber passes through the hollow part of the discharge device through the air inlet pipe and is connected with the air mixer, and the flue chamber passes through the hollow part of the blanking machine through the air outlet pipe ; The upper part of the discharge device is provided with an air induction pipe, and the outer end of the air induction pipe is connected with the first air induction fan.

Description

A high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally friendly carbonization furnace

technical field

The invention relates to the field of activated carbon preparation devices, in particular to a high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly carbonization furnace.

Background technique

The dry distillation of coal in an internal heating carbonization furnace has high requirements for raw coal, and can only carbonize lump coal of 50mm-150mm, which is greatly affected by raw materials. Moreover, a large amount of tar and sewage are produced during the production process, and the carbonized material produced has a high water content, which affects the quality of activated carbon. The current production of carbonized material is an extensive production, and the quality of the produced carbonized material is low. During the carbonization process, the phenomenon of burning and fixing carbon due to the entry of air not only reduces the carbonization yield but also affects the quality of the carbonized material. , At the same time, the high-temperature gas generated in the carbonization process is not fully utilized, resulting in waste of energy and impact on the environment. The carbon monoxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons such as methane released by materials during carbonization not only pollute the air, but also waste energy. Some need to build combustion chambers to solve the waste gas generated by carbonization, which increases the infrastructure of enterprises on the other hand. invest. Under the background that the fine coal in the low-temperature carbonization industry cannot be comprehensively utilized, the product quality is not satisfactory, and the environmental protection problem has not been fundamentally resolved, it is urgent to promote a reliable and stable equipment with a wide application range to the comprehensive utilization industry of low-metamorphism coal. Investing in an externally heated rotary low-temperature retort system in coal production areas can promote enterprises to obtain considerable economic benefits and open up a new way for enterprises to comprehensively utilize resources.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly carbonization furnace capable of recycling heat sources. The carbonization furnace is easy to operate, can be produced continuously, saves energy, and the quality of the carbonized material produced is stable.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly carbonization furnace provided by the present invention includes a blanking machine, a bracket, a rotary cylinder, a rotating device and a discharge device. The rotary cylinder is installed on the On the bracket, the rotating device drives the rotary cylinder to rotate through the rolling ring. The left end of the rotary cylinder is provided with a feeder, and the right end is provided with a discharge device. The inner side of the rotary cylinder is evenly provided with Several carbonization chambers, the hollow part of the rotary cylinder is a flue chamber; the bottom of the feeder is provided with a feeder, and the feeder is connected to one end of the carbonization chamber at the lower left part of the rotary cylinder. The other end of the carbonization bin is connected to the discharge device; the flue bin passes through the hollow part of the discharge device through the air inlet pipe and is connected with the air mixer, and the flue bin passes through the feeder through the outlet pipe The hollow part; the upper part of the discharge device is provided with an air induction pipe, and the outer end of the air induction pipe is connected with the first induced draft fan.

Wherein, preferably, several reinforcing ribs are provided in the flue chamber for supporting and fixing the carbonization chamber, so as to ensure the free sliding of the carbonization chamber when it expands with heat and contracts with cold.

Preferably, a first sealing device is provided between the flue bin and the feeder.

Preferably, a second sealing device is provided between the flue bin and the discharge device.

Preferably, a cooler is provided at the bottom of the discharge device.

Preferably, a second induced draft fan is provided in the air mixer near the end of the discharge device, and a burner is provided at the end far away from the discharge device.

Preferably, the inner wall of the rotating cylinder is provided with a refractory layer, more preferably a refractory brick layer.

Preferably, a rolling ring backing plate is provided between the rolling ring and the rotating cylinder.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage:

①Wide range of application of raw materials: According to the final use of the product, the high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally-friendly carbonization furnace of the present invention can process raw coal below 50mm, including fine coal below 5mm. The raw coal powder is sufficient, and the ability to resist risks is strong.

② The device of the present invention has flexible operation and high flexibility, and can adjust process parameters in real time to change product quality according to different market requirements. The raw coal undergoes heat treatment, low-temperature dry distillation, and pyrolysis in the carbonization bin to produce carbonized materials without contact with air, which prevents the combustion of fixed carbon and is conducive to the production of high-yield and high-quality carbonized materials.

③The high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly carbonization furnace of the present invention can not only effectively control the temperature of each section, but also prevent impurities in the high-temperature gas from entering the carbonization material due to the use of waste heat utilization technology, which is conducive to the production of high-quality carbonization materials. Due to the recycling of high-temperature waste heat, energy is saved, the generation of harmful gases and industrial sewage is reduced, and the corresponding treatment devices and costs are reduced.

④The production capacity of the device is large, and the annual output is larger than that of the vertical furnace. The processing cost is low, which is 50% of the traditional internal heating carbonization furnace.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is B-B sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a C-C sectional view of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Feeding machine, 2. Bracket, 3. Rotary cylinder, 4. Rotating device, 5. Discharging device, 6. Flue chamber, 7. Carbonization chamber, 8. Feeder, 9. Inlet Trachea, 10, air outlet pipe, 11, induced air pipe, 12, first induced draft fan, 13, reinforcing rib, 14, first sealing device, 15, second sealing device, 16, cooler, 17, second induced draft fan , 18, burner, 19, refractory brick layer, 20 air mixer.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally friendly carbonization furnace of this embodiment includes a blanking machine 1, a bracket 2, a rotary cylinder 3, a rotating device 4 and a discharge device 5, the rotary cylinder 3 is installed on the bracket 2, and the bracket 2 There are two sets, respectively a front roller frame and a rear roller frame. The height of the front roller frame is higher than the rear roller frame, so that the rotary cylinder 3 is installed obliquely in a way that the left side is high and the right side is low. The rotating device 4 drives the rotating cylinder 3 to rotate through the rolling ring, and a rolling ring backing plate is arranged between the rolling ring and the rotating cylinder 3 to increase the friction between the rotating cylinder 3 and the rolling ring, which is more conducive to the rotation of the rotating cylinder 3 effective rotation.

The right end of the rotary cylinder 3 is provided with a discharge device 5 , the left end is provided with a feeder 1 , and a feeder 8 is installed at the bottom of the feeder 1 . A refractory brick layer 19 is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 3 , and a number of carbonization bins 7 are evenly arranged on the inner side of the refractory brick layer 19 , and the hollow part is a flue bin 6 . One end of the carbonization bin 7 at the bottom left of the rotary cylinder 3 is connected to the feeder 8 , and the other end is connected to the discharge device 5 . The flue chamber 6 penetrates the hollow part of the discharge device 5 through the air inlet pipe 9 and is connected with the air mixer 20, and the flue chamber 6 penetrates the hollow part of the blanking machine 1 through the air outlet pipe 10 to discharge the smoke; the upper part of the discharge device 5 An air induction pipe 11 is provided, and the outer end of the air induction pipe 11 is connected with the first air induction fan 12 .

A number of reinforcing ribs 13 are arranged in the flue chamber 6, and the carbonization chamber 7 is affected by high temperature to produce different degrees of expansion and deformation. The reinforcing rib 13 can movably support and fix the carbonization bin 7 .

In order to ensure the airtightness between the flue bin 6 and the air inlet pipe 9 and the outlet pipe 10, a first sealing device 14 is arranged between the flue bin 6 and the unloading machine 1, and a second sealing device 14 is arranged between the flue bin 6 and the discharge device 5. Sealing device 15.

A cooler 16 is provided at the bottom of the discharge device 5 to cool the high-temperature carbonized material and then discharge it.

A second induced draft fan 17 is provided in the air mixer 20 near the end of the discharge device 5, and a burner 18 is provided at the end far away from the discharge device 5. When the carbonization furnace is initially working, due to the low temperature of the incoming air, it cannot meet the energy required for carbonization, so it is necessary to turn on the burner 18, and under the action of the second induced draft fan 17, the low-temperature air is burned into high-temperature air through the intake pipe 9 enters the flue chamber 6 to supply the carbonization chamber 7 with energy.

The raw material enters the carbonization furnace from the feeder 1, enters the carbonization bin 7 of the carbonization furnace through the feeder 8, and falls toward the discharge device 5 by gravity. The carbonization chamber 7 of the carbonization furnace controls the temperature heating in sections, and slowly heats from normal temperature to 550°C-600°C. The carbonized material produced by the raw material in the carbonization chamber 7 of the carbonization furnace undergoes heat treatment, low-temperature dry distillation, and thermal cracking enters the discharge device 5. Free fall and discharge after being cooled by the cooler 16; the retort gas volatilized by the raw material during the low-temperature carbonization process is controlled by the first induced draft fan 12 to move in the same direction as the raw material in the carbonization chamber 7, and the retort gas enters the discharge device 5 and passes through The draft pipe 11 on the top of the discharge device 5 is discharged. After being discharged, it enters the high-temperature incinerator for incineration. Part of the high-temperature gas generated after incineration enters the flue chamber 6 of the carbonization furnace through the inlet pipe 9, and moves inversely with the raw material to indirectly heat the raw material to achieve the effect of low-temperature dry distillation. The high-temperature gas enters from the inlet pipe 9, and gradually heats the raw materials in the carbonization chamber 7 through the flue chamber 6, and the temperature drops to low-temperature gas in the outlet pipe 10, and is discharged from the carbonization furnace, and then discharged through the desulfurization tower under the action of the induced draft fan.

Other high-temperature gas can enter the drying furnace through negative pressure to dry raw materials, or enter the heat exchanger to heat and soften water for boiler use, or enter the waste heat boiler to generate steam for use.

The raw material is in the carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace of the present invention, and is indirectly heated by the high-temperature gas after incineration, and is produced through heat treatment, low-temperature dry distillation, and thermal cracking to produce carbonized materials without contact with air, which prevents the combustion of fixed carbon, and is beneficial to the production of High-efficiency, high-quality carbonized material. The material movement direction is opposite to the flow direction of the high-temperature gas, and each runs on its own track without contact at all. In this way, the temperature of each section can be effectively controlled, and impurities in the high-temperature gas can be prevented from entering the carbonized material. The produced carbonized material has low ash content and high strength. The volatile content of the carbonized material is moderate, the bulk weight is high, and the quality is good. The carbonization furnace of the present invention utilizes the heat energy generated by high-temperature incineration of dry distillation gas generated during carbonization and carbonization of raw materials to provide heat source for the carbonization process, and the excess heat energy dries raw materials and generates steam for other uses through waste heat boilers. The entire low-temperature dry distillation process does not need to supplement fuel, which reduces energy consumption and emissions, and truly achieves energy saving and environmental protection.

The above embodiments are intended to illustrate that the present invention can be implemented or used by those skilled in the art. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to modify the above embodiments, so the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. Any method, process, or product that conforms to the claims or the description of the specification, and conforms to the principles, novelty, and creative features disclosed herein falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly retort, the retort includes blanking machine, bracket, rotating cylinder, rotating device and goes out Expect that device, the rotating cylinder are tiltedly mounted on the bracket in a manner of right low left high, the rotating device passes through rolling ring The rotating cylinder is driven to rotate, the left end of the rotating cylinder is provided with blanking machine, and right end is provided with discharging device, feature It is, several charing storehouses are evenly arranged on the inside of the barrel of the rotating cylinder, and the hollow space of the rotating cylinder is flue Storehouse is provided with first sealing device between the flue storehouse and the blanking machine；The blanking machine bottom end is provided with blanking device, institute It states blanking device to connect with charing storehouse one end of the rotating cylinder lower left quarter, the other end in the charing storehouse connects the discharging dress It sets；Hollow space of the flue storehouse by air inlet pipe through the discharging device is connect with a wind-mixer, and the flue storehouse is logical The hollow space that escape pipe runs through the blanking machine is crossed, the second sealing dress is provided between the flue storehouse and the discharging device It sets；The top of the discharging device is provided with induced duct, and the outer end of the induced duct is connect with one first air-introduced machine；

Raw material enters retort from blanking machine, enters in the charing storehouse of retort through blanking device, fills by gravity to discharging Direction whereabouts is set, the charing storehouse Discrete control temperature heating of retort is heated slowly to 550 DEG C -600 DEG C from room temperature, raw material exists The carbonized material produced after Overheating Treatment, low temperature distillation, thermal cracking in the charing storehouse of retort enters discharging device, under freedom It falls after cooler is cooling and is discharged；The carbonization gas that raw material volatilizes in low temperature distillation process passes through the control of the first air-introduced machine and original Material moves in the same direction in charing storehouse, and carbonization gas enters discharging device, the induced duct discharge through discharging device top；Enter after discharge High-temperature incinerator burns, and the high-temperature gas a part generated after burning enters the flue storehouse of retort by air inlet pipe, with raw material Reverse movement indirect heating raw material, reaches low temperature distillation effect；

High-temperature gas gradually heats the raw material in the charing storehouse from the air inlet pipe, through the flue storehouse, in the outlet Tube temperature degree is reduced to cryogenic gas discharge retort, is then discharged after desulfurizing tower under the action of air-introduced machine；

Other high-temperature gases can enter drying oven for drying material by negative pressure, or enter heat exchanger, heat and soften water for pot Furnace uses, or enters waste heat boiler and generate steam for using；

The nearly discharging device end is provided with the second air-introduced machine in the wind-mixer, and the discharging device end is provided with burning Device；

Several reinforcing ribs are provided in the flue storehouse, are used to support the fixed charing storehouse, reinforcing rib being capable of movable supporting Fixed charing storehouse；

The bottom of the discharging device is provided with cooler；

The inner wall of the rotating cylinder is provided with flame retardant coating.

2. high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly retort according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flame retardant coating is fire brick layer.

3. high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly retort according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rolling ring and the rotating cylinder Between be provided with rolling ring backing plate.