CN104529089A - Small purifying system for heavily-polluted river - Google Patents

Abstract

A purification system for heavily polluted small rivers, including baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch, suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, sedimentation ditch, solar and wind power generation systems, and sludge treatment system; baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch includes through The facultative section, the anoxic section and the anaerobic section separated by the retaining wall and the baffle wall; the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch includes a partition wall, an inverted umbrella type surface aerator, a blast aeration system, suspended filler, overflow flow wall, interception grid; the sedimentation ditch is connected with the overflow wall of the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, with an overflow weir at the tail, and a sludge pump and sludge discharge pipe at the bottom; solar and wind power generation systems are set in the The upper part of the upper cover of the type anoxic anaerobic ditch, the solar and wind power generation systems are connected to the inverted umbrella surface aerator, the blast aeration system and the sludge pump through cables; the sludge treatment system includes a sludge treatment tank, a sludge discharge pipe, The sludge treatment pond is set on the bank of the river and is a cuboid structure parallel to the river.

Description

Severely polluted small river purification system

technical field

The invention relates to water environment treatment technology watersheds, in particular to a purification system for heavily polluted small rivers.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy, the discharge of sewage continues to increase, and the rainwater runoff on both sides of the river and the receding water of farmland lead to the accumulation of pollutants in the river environment, especially in some small rivers, the pollution level continues to increase. The self-purification ability is almost lost, and the water environment is deteriorating day by day.

The existing methods of river governance mainly include physical methods, chemical methods and ecological restoration methods. Each method has advantages and strengths, but also has shortcomings and defects.

With the increasing awareness of the ecological environment, river improvement projects have attracted more and more attention. People began to respect and protect the natural features and ecological functions of the river, and restore the natural characteristics of the river by adopting some restoration techniques and methods.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the present invention provides a highly polluted small river purification system project with simple operation and less investment, which intercepts and purifies heavily polluted river water and restores the self-purification ability of the river.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the heavily polluted small river purification system of the present invention includes: baffle type anoxic anaerobic ditch, suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, sedimentation ditch, solar and wind power generation system, sewage mud handling system.

The baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch is located upstream of the entire heavily polluted small river purification system and is built according to the natural shape of the river; The anoxic section, the anoxic section and the anaerobic section are formed. The head of the anoxic section is provided with a water inlet for feeding sewage, the end of the anoxic section is connected to the head of the anoxic section, and the end of the anoxic section is connected to the anaerobic section. The first end of the section is connected, and the end of the anaerobic section is provided with a water outlet; the facultative section, the anoxic section and the anaerobic section of the baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch are all equipped with a cover and a methane gas collection and discharge pipe; The retaining wall and deflector wall are made of sandless concrete and are arranged vertically to the river channel.

The suspended filler aeration circulation ditch is located in the middle reaches of the entire heavily polluted small river purification system, and is connected to the water outlet of the baffle type anoxic anaerobic ditch, and is constructed according to the natural shape of the river; the suspension filler aeration circulation ditch Including partition wall, inverted umbrella type surface aerator, blast aeration system, suspended packing, overflow wall, interception grid.

The partition wall is located in the middle of the river channel of the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, made of sand-free concrete, and parallel to the river bank; the inverted umbrella type surface aerator is located at the upstream end of the partition wall; the blast aeration system Installed on the downstream side of the inverted umbrella type surface aerator.

The suspended filler meets the following requirements: ①The specific gravity is close to that of water, and its specific gravity is slightly less than 1 after the film is attached, and it floats on the surface of the water when it is not aerated; Fluidized state; ③The aging biofilm will fall off automatically by hydraulic scouring and aeration to ensure the activity of the biofilm; ④It can be directly added to the water; ⑤The aeration and water flow of the surface aerator guide its return flow; ⑥ It is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane and other plastics or resins; ⑦The shape of the suspended filler is spherical.

The overflow wall is located at the tail of the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, is made of sand-free concrete, and is vertical to the river channel.

The intercepting grid is located on the upper part or the front end of the overflow wall, and is vertically set up with the river channel. It is made of plastic or metal such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, and its mesh size is slightly smaller than the diameter of the suspended filler.

The sedimentation ditch is located downstream of the entire heavily polluted small river purification system, connected to the overflow wall of the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, and built according to the natural shape of the river; the tail of the sedimentation ditch is provided with an overflow weir, The overflow weir is made of sand-free concrete and is arranged vertically to the river; the bottom of the sedimentation ditch is provided with a sludge pump and a sludge discharge pipe.

The solar and wind power generation system is arranged on the upper part of the upper cover of the baffle type anoxic anaerobic ditch, and the solar power and wind power generation system is connected with an inverted umbrella type surface aerator, a blast aeration system and a sludge pump through cables.

The sludge treatment system includes a sludge treatment tank, a sludge pump, and a sludge discharge pipe; the sludge treatment tank is arranged on the river bank and is a cuboid structure parallel to the river; specifically, the construction of the sludge treatment tank Follow the steps below to implement:

(1) Measure and calculate the length and slope of the river bank slope, and determine the length and width of the sludge treatment tank;

(2) Stripping the surface soil in the construction area, the stripping depth is 0.5 to 1.0 meters; compact the plain soil at the bottom of the sludge treatment tank after stripping to prevent seepage;

(3) Fill pebbles or crushed stones along the side of the sludge treatment tank close to the river, and use pebbles or crushed stones as a filter layer;

(4) Install plastic or cement drainage pipes in the filter layer, and the outlet water of the drainage pipes will be discharged into the aeration circulation ditch of the suspended filler.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the polluted river water enters the baffle type anoxic anaerobic ditch from the water inlet, mixes with the sludge returned by the sludge discharge pipe, and then advances reciprocatingly along the baffle wall, passing through the facultative section, the anoxic section and the anaerobic section successively. The sludge bed in each reaction tank in the oxygen section, the sludge in the reaction tank moves with the left and right flow of wastewater and the rise of biogas, the blocking effect of the baffle wall and the sedimentation of the sludge itself make the sludge flow The flow rate is reduced, so a large amount of sludge is trapped in the reaction tank, the microorganisms in the reaction tank fully contact with the organic matter in the wastewater, the facultative bacteria in the facultative stage, the heterotrophic bacteria in the anoxic stage and the anaerobic stage The macromolecular organic matter in the water is decomposed into small molecular organic matter, and the insoluble organic matter is converted into soluble organic matter; the sewage then enters the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, and the inverted umbrella surface aerator aerates the sewage on the one hand, and on the other hand promotes the water flow to accelerate. The blower aeration system strengthens the aeration of the sewage, the suspended filler becomes the carrier of the activated sludge, and the sewage circulates along the partition wall to produce the treatment effect of the oxidation ditch process, and the intercepting grid prevents the suspended filler from flowing downstream; the suspended filler is aerated The water treated in the air circulation ditch enters the sedimentation ditch from the overflow wall, the settled water flows downstream through the overflow weir, and part of the settled sludge flows back to the baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch through the sludge pump and the sludge discharge pipe Part of it enters the sludge treatment tank, and the leachate in the sludge treatment tank is filtered by the filter layer and then discharged into the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, and the dried sludge is used as organic fertilizer for agricultural use.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch, 1-1. retaining wall, 1-2. baffled wall, 1-3. facultative oxygen section, 1-4. anoxic section, 1-5. Anaerobic section, 1-6. Water inlet, 1-7. Water outlet, 2. Suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, 2-1. Partition wall, 2-2. Inverted umbrella surface aerator, 2-3. Blast aeration system, 2-4. Suspended packing, 2-5. Overflow wall, 2-6. Interception grid, 3. Sedimentation ditch, 3-1. Overflow weir, 4. Sludge treatment tank, 5 . filter layer, 6. drainage pipe.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in further detail now in conjunction with accompanying drawing. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the configurations related to the present invention.

Example

As shown in Figure 1, a heavily polluted small river purification system includes: baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch 1, suspended filler aeration circulation ditch 2, sedimentation ditch 3, solar and wind power generation system, and sludge treatment system.

The deflected anoxic anaerobic ditch 1 is located upstream of the entire heavily polluted small river purification system, and is built according to the natural shape of the river; the deflected anoxic anaerobic ditch 1 includes a retaining wall 1-1 The aerobic section 1-3, the anoxic section 1-4 and the anaerobic section 1-5 separated from the baffle wall 1-2; the head end of the aerobic section 1-3 is provided with a water inlet for feeding sewage 1-6, the end of facultative oxygen section 1-3 is connected with the head end of anoxic section 1-4, the end of anoxic section 1-4 is connected with the head end of anaerobic section 1-5, and the end of anaerobic section 1-5 is provided with an outlet Nozzle 1-7; the facultative section 1-3, the anoxic section 1-4 and the anaerobic section 1-5 of the baffle type anoxic anaerobic ditch are all provided with an upper cover and a methane gas collection and discharge pipe; The retaining wall 1-1 and deflector wall 1-2 are made of sandless concrete and are arranged vertically to the river.

The suspended filler aeration circulation ditch 2 is located in the middle reaches of the entire heavily polluted small river purification system, and is connected with the water outlets 1-7 of the deflected anoxic anaerobic ditch, and is constructed according to the natural shape of the river; the suspended filler The aeration circulation ditch includes partition wall 2-1, inverted umbrella surface aerator 2-2, blast aeration system 2-3, suspended filler 2-4, overflow wall 2-5, interception grid 2-6 .

The partition wall 2-1 is located in the middle of the river channel of the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch, made of sand-free concrete, and parallel to the river bank; the inverted umbrella type surface aerator 2-2 is located upstream of the partition wall 2-1 One end; the blast aeration system 2-3 is installed on the downstream side of the inverted umbrella type surface aerator.

The suspended filler 2-4 meets the following requirements: ①The specific gravity is close to that of water, and its specific gravity is slightly less than 1 after the film is attached, and it floats on the surface of the water without aeration; ②After the film is attached, it can It is in a fluidized state in water; ③The aging biofilm will fall off automatically by hydraulic scouring and aeration and agitation to ensure the activity of the biofilm; ④It can be directly added to the water; ⑤Rely on the aeration and water flow of the inverted umbrella type surface aerator Guide its flow; ⑥It is made of polyethylene plastic; ⑦The shape of the suspended filler is spherical.

The overflow wall 2-5 is located at the tail of the aeration circulation ditch with suspended filler, is made of sand-free concrete, and is vertically arranged with the river channel.

The intercepting grid 2-6 is located on the top or front end of the overflow wall 2-5, is made of polyethylene plastic, and its mesh size is slightly smaller than the diameter of the suspended filler 2-4, and is vertically arranged with the river channel.

The sedimentation ditch 3 is located downstream of the entire heavily polluted small river purification system, and is connected to the overflow wall 2-5 of the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch 2, and is constructed according to the natural shape of the river; the tail of the sedimentation ditch 3 An overflow weir 3-1 is provided, and the overflow weir 3-1 is made of sand-free concrete and arranged vertically to the river channel; a sludge pump and a sludge discharge pipe are provided at the bottom of the sedimentation ditch.

The solar and wind power generation system is arranged on the upper part of the upper cover of the baffle type anoxic anaerobic ditch 1, and the solar power and wind power generation system is connected with an inverted umbrella type surface aerator, a blast aeration system and a sludge pump through cables.

The sludge treatment system includes a sludge treatment tank 4, a sludge pump and a sludge discharge pipe; the sludge treatment tank is arranged on the river bank, is a cuboid structure, and is parallel to the river; specifically, the sludge treatment tank Construction is carried out as follows:

(1) Measure and calculate the length and slope of the river bank slope, and determine the length and width of the sludge treatment tank;

(2) Stripping the surface soil in the construction area, the stripping depth is 1.0 meters; the plain soil at the bottom of the sludge treatment tank after stripping is compacted to prevent seepage;

(3) fill pebbles along the side of the sludge treatment tank close to the river water, and the pebbles are used as filter layer 5;

(4) A plastic drainage pipe 6 is arranged in the filter layer 5, and the outlet water of the drainage pipe 6 is discharged into the aeration circulation ditch 2 of the suspended filler.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the polluted river water enters the baffled anoxic anaerobic ditch 1 from the water inlet 1-6 and mixes with the sludge returned by the sludge discharge pipe, then advances back and forth along the baffle wall 1-2, and passes through the facultative anaerobic ditch in turn. Sludge bed in each reaction tank of section 1-3, anoxic section 1-4 and anaerobic section 1-5. The sludge in the reaction tank moves with the left and right flow of sewage and the rise of biogas, and the deflection The blocking effect of the wall 1-2 and the sedimentation effect of the sludge itself reduce the flow rate of the sludge, so a large amount of sludge is trapped in the reaction tank, and the microorganisms in the reaction tank fully contact with the organic matter in the wastewater, and the oxygen The facultative bacteria in the section 1-3, the heterotrophic bacteria in the anoxic section 1-4 and the anaerobic section 1-5 decompose the macromolecular organic matter in the wastewater into small molecular organic matter, and the insoluble organic matter is converted into soluble organic matter; the sewage is then Entering the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch 2, the inverted umbrella surface aerator 2-2 aerates the sewage on the one hand, and accelerates the water flow on the other hand, the blower aeration system 2-3 strengthens the aeration of the sewage, and the suspended filler 2-4 becomes the carrier of activated sludge, and the sewage circulates along the partition wall 2-1 to produce the treatment effect of the oxidation ditch process. The intercepting grid 2-6 prevents the suspended filler 2-4 from flowing downstream; the suspended filler aerates and circulates The treated water in the ditch enters the sedimentation ditch 3 from the overflow wall 2-5, and the settled clear water flows downstream through the overflow weir 3-1, and part of the settled sludge flows back to the baffle type through the sludge pump and the sludge discharge pipe. In the anoxic anaerobic ditch 1, part of it enters the sludge treatment tank 4, and the leachate in the sludge treatment tank 4 is filtered by the filter layer and then discharged into the suspended filler aeration circulation ditch 2, and the dried sludge is used as organic Fertilizer for agriculture.

Inspired by the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention, through the above-mentioned description content, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (3)

1. a serious pollution small rivers purification system, is characterized in that: comprise deflector type anoxic anaerobism ditch (1), floating stuffing aeration cycle ditch (2), precipitation ditch (3), sun power and wind power generation system, sludge treating system;

Described deflector type anoxic anaerobism ditch (1) is positioned at the upstream of whole serious pollution small rivers purification system, builds form according to the natural shape in river; Described deflector type anoxic anaerobism ditch (1) comprise be separated into by waterwall (1-1) and deflected current wall (1-2) double oxygen section (1-3), anoxic section (1-4) and anaerobism section (1-5), described double oxygen section (1-3) head end is provided with the water-in (1-6) for feeding sewage, oxygen section (1-3) end of holding concurrently is communicated with anoxic section (1-4) head end, anoxic section (1-4) end is communicated with anaerobism section (1-5) head end, and anaerobism section (1-5) end is provided with water outlet (1-7); The double oxygen section (1-3) of described deflector type anoxic anaerobism ditch, anoxic section (1-4) and anaerobism section (1-5) are all provided with upper cover and methane gas gas collection delivery pipe; Described waterwall (1-1) and deflected current wall (1-2) are made up of non-fine concrete, vertically with river course arrange;

Described floating stuffing aeration cycle ditch (2) is positioned at the middle reaches of whole serious pollution small rivers purification system, is communicated with the water outlet (1-7) of deflector type anoxic anaerobism ditch, and the natural shape according to river is built and formed; Described floating stuffing aeration cycle ditch comprises every stream wall (2-1), inversed umbrella type surface aerating machine (2-2), blast aeration system (2-3), floating stuffing (2-4), overflow wall (2-5), interception aperture plate (2-6);

Described every stream wall (2-1) be positioned in the middle of the river course of floating stuffing aeration cycle ditch, be made up of non-fine concrete, parallel with riverbank; Described inversed umbrella type surface aerating machine (2-2) is positioned at the one end every stream wall (2-1) upstream; Described blast aeration system (2-3) is arranged on the side, downstream of inversed umbrella type surface aerating machine;

Described overflow wall (2-5) is positioned at the afterbody of floating stuffing aeration cycle ditch, is made up of non-fine concrete, vertically with river course arranges;

Described interception aperture plate (2-6) is positioned at top or the front end of overflow wall (2-5), is made up of vinyon, and the size of its mesh is slightly less than the diameter of floating stuffing (2-4);

Described precipitation ditch (3) is positioned at the downstream of whole serious pollution small rivers purification system, connects with the overflow wall (2-5) of floating stuffing aeration cycle ditch (2), and the natural shape according to river is built and formed; The afterbody of described precipitation ditch (3) is provided with overflow weir (3-1), and described overflow weir (3-1) is made up of non-fine concrete, vertically with river course arranges; The bottom of described precipitation ditch is provided with sludge pump and shore pipe;

Described sun power and wind power generation system are arranged on the upper cover top of deflector type anoxic anaerobism ditch (1), and sun power is connected inversed umbrella type surface aerating machine, blast aeration system and sludge pump with wind power generation system by cable;

Described sludge treating system comprises sludge treatment pond (4), sludge pump and shore pipe; Described sludge treatment pond is arranged on riverbank, is rectangular structure, parallel with river course.

2. serious pollution small rivers purification system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described floating stuffing (2-4) meets following requirement: 1. proportion is close to the proportion of water, after biofilm, its proportion is slightly less than one, floats on the surface of water when not aeration; 2., after biofilm, can be fluidized state in water under normal aeration intensity; 3. aging microbial film stirs Automatic-falling by sluicing and aeration, ensures biomembranous activity; 4. can directly add in water; 5. the aeration of inversed umbrella type surface aerating machine and current are leaned on to guide it to flow; 6. vinyon is adopted to make; 7. the shape of floating stuffing is spherical.

3. serious pollution small rivers purification system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the construction of described sludge treatment pond (4) is implemented as follows:

(1) length, the gradient of bank slope measured, calculated, length and the width of sludge treatment pond determined;

(2) peel off the veneer of soil of works in progress, stripping depth is 0.5 ~ 1.0 meter; Compacting antiseepage is carried out to the element soil bottom the sludge treatment pond after stripping;

(3) along sludge treatment pond near the side filling cobble of river or rubble, cobble or rubble are as filtering layer (5);

(4) in filtering layer (5), settle plastic drain-pipe (6), the water outlet of water shoot (6) enters in floating stuffing aeration cycle ditch (2).